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OBJECTIVE: Seizure forecasting using machine learning is possible, but the performance is far from ideal, as indicated by many false predictions and low specificity. Here, we examine false and missing alarms of two algorithms on long-term datasets to show that the limitations are less related to classifiers or features, but rather to intrinsic changes in the data. METHODS: We evaluated two algorithms on three datasets by computing the correlation of false predictions and estimating the information transfer between both classification methods. RESULTS: For 9 out of 12 individuals both methods showed a performance better than chance. For all individuals we observed a positive correlation in predictions. For individuals with strong correlation in false predictions we were able to boost the performance of one method by excluding test samples based on the results of the second method. CONCLUSIONS: Substantially different algorithms exhibit a highly consistent performance and a strong coherency in false and missing alarms. Hence, changing the underlying hypothesis of a preictal state of fixed time length prior to each seizure to a proictal state is more helpful than further optimizing classifiers. SIGNIFICANCE: The outcome is significant for the evaluation of seizure prediction algorithms on continuous data.

The 200 000-240 000 m3 capacity class bucket wheel excavator was commissioned in 1976 and initially employed at RWE Power’s Fortuna open cast mine in Germany before being transferred to the Hambach mine in 1986. By June 2009 the bucket wheel body material had suffered significant fatigue damage so that repair would no longer be economic, and a new bucket wheel body was designed, fabricated and assembled in the mine by company personnel. A detailed project timetable was drawn up, and 3D computer simulations were employed for early optimisation of processes involved during the planning phase, with occupational safety aspects further improved during implementation. No lost-time incidents occurred during the repair and installation, and the computerised documentation produced can be quickly adapted for use in similar projects., The 200 000-240 000 m3 capacity class bucket wheel excavator was commissioned in 1976 and initially employed at RWE Power’s Fortuna open cast mine in Germany before being transferred to the Hambach mine in 1986. By June 2009 the bucket wheel body material had suffered significant fatigue damage so that repair would no longer be economic, and a new bucket wheel body was designed, fabricated and assembled in the mine by company personnel. A detailed project timetable was drawn up, and 3D computer simulations were employed for early optimisation of processes involved during the planning phase, with occupational safety aspects further improved during implementation. No lost-time incidents occurred during the repair and installation, and the computerised documentation produced can be quickly adapted for use in similar projects.