261 results on '"Eberhard Fischer"'
Search Results
2. The family Zingiberaceae in Rwanda with description of two new species of Renealmia
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Eberhard Fischer, Dorothee Killmann, and Jean-Baptiste M. M. Dhetchuvi
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Plant ecology ,QK900-989 - Abstract
Background and aims – The Zingiberaceae of Rwanda are revised, and three new records of Aframomum species (A. corrorima, A. daniellii, A. zambesiacum) are provided. One previously recorded species, A. alboviolaceum, has to be excluded from the Flora of Rwanda. Two new species of Renealmia are described from Rwanda and Burundi in connection with the preparation of the family treatment for the Flore d’Afrique centrale. Material and methods – Field work and standard herbarium practices were applied. Key results – Renealmia timmiorum sp. nov. is similar to R. cincinnata and R. cabrae, and R. susannae-katziae sp. nov. is similar to R. africana and R. dewevrei. The differences with these species are discussed and distribution maps for the new taxa are presented. Renealmia timmiorum is assessed as Least Concern (LC), while R. susannae-katziae is assessed as Endangered (EN).
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- 2023
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3. Carbon Sequestration and Carbon Stock of Agroforestry Tree Species Around Cyamudongo Isolated Rain Forest and Arboretum of Ruhande, Rwanda
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Concorde Nsengumuremyi, Eberhard Fischer, Donat Nsabimana, Marco Harbusch, Siegmar Seidel, Marie Chantal Zaninka, JMV Senyanzobe, Bertrand Uwimana, and Liliane Mutayomba
- Subjects
carbon sequestration and stock ,live tree biomass ,agroforestry tree species ,correlation coefficient ,cyamudongo and ruhande ,rwanda ,Agriculture ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
Agroforestry (AF) is widely considered the most important tool to mitigate climate change-related issues by removing Carbon (C) Dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere and storing C. Therefore, this study aims to broaden current knowledge on the impact of sustainable Agroforestry (AF) on the C sequestration rate and C stock in the surroundings of Cyamudongo isolated rain forest and Ruhande Arboretum. To understand this, the permanent sample plots (PSPs) were established mainly in the four designed transects of four km long originating on the Cyamudongo isolated rain forest boundary following the slope gradient ranging from 1286 to 2015 m asl. A total number of 73 PSPs were established in the Cyamudongo study area while 3 PSPs were established in the Ruhande AF plot. The Arc Map GIS 10.4 was used to design and map the sampling areas while GPS was used for the localization of the plots. Statistical significance was analyzed through R-software. The estimated quantity of sequestrated C for 2 years and 34 years of AF species was 13.11 t C ha -1 yr-1 (equivalent to 48 t CO2 ha -1 yr-1) and 6.85 t ha-1 yr-1 (equivalent to 25.1 t CO2 ha -1 yr-1) in Cyamudongo and Ruhande respectively. The estimated quantity of C stored by the Ruhande AF plot is 232.94 t ha-1. In Cyamudongo, the overall C stored by the AF systems was 823 t ha-1 by both young tree species established by the Cyamudongo Project (35.84 t ha-1) and C stored by existing AF species before the existence of the Project (787.12 t ha-1). In all study areas, the Grevillea robusta contributed more to overall stored C. The correlation coefficients between tree diameter and living biomass ranged from moderate to very strong due to differences in terms of age, stage of growth, and tree species.
- Published
- 2022
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4. Sustainable Agroforestry for Soil Chemical Properties Improvement and Nutrients Availability in Agriculture Landscape around Cyamudongo Isolated Forest, Rwanda
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Concorde Nsengumuremyi, Eberhard Fischer, Donat Nsabimana, Marie Chantal Zaninka, JMV Senyanzobe, and Bertrand Uwimana
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agroforestry ,soil properties ,soil depth ,land use ,altitude ranges ,Agriculture ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
The protected areas of Rwanda are facing various challenges resulting from the anthropogenic activities of the surrounding communities, especially in the adjacent area to Cyamudongo isolated rain forest, which results in soil degradation. Therefore, this study aims to broaden current knowledge on the impact of sustainable Agroforestry (AF) on soil-selected chemical and physical properties. To understand this, the permanent sample plots (PSPs) were established mainly in the designed four transects of four km long originating on the boundary of the Cyamudongo isolated rain forest following the slope gradient ranging from 1286 to 2015 m asl. A total number of 73 PSPs were established in the Cyamudongo study area. The Arc Map GIS 10.4 was used to design and map the sampling areas while GPS was used for localization of plots centers. Statistical significance was analyzed through R-software. The recorded soil pH means value across in Cyamudongo study area is 4.2, which is strongly acidic. The tests revealed that the soil pH, C, N, C: N ratio, OM, NH4+, NO3-+NO2-, PO43-, and CEC were significantly different in various soil depths. The pH, N, C: N ratio, CEC, NH4+, PO43-, and Al3+ showed a significant difference across land uses whereas the C and NO3-+NO2- did not show any statistical difference. All tested chemical elements showed a statistical difference as far as altitude ranges are concerned. The only NH4+, PO43-, and CEC showed significant differences with time whereas all other remaining chemical elements did not show any statistical significance. The soil pH was very strongly correlated with CEC, Mg, and Ca in cropland (CL) whereas it was strongly correlated in both AF and natural forest (NF) except for Mg, which was moderately correlated in AF. Furthermore, its correlation with K was strong in CL, and moderate in AF while it was weak in NF. Finally, the pH correlation with Na was weak in both AF and CL whereas it was negligible in NF.
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- 2022
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5. The ECAT dataset: expert-validated distribution data of endemic and sub-endemic trees of Central Africa (Dem. Rep. Congo, Rwanda, Burundi)
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Wesley Tack, Henry Engledow, Nuno Veríssimo Pereira, Christian Amani, Steven P. Bachman, Patricia Barberá, Henk J. Beentje, Gaël U. D. Bouka, Martin Cheek, Ariane Cosiaux, Gilles Dauby, Petra De Block, Corneille E. N. Ewango, Eberhard Fischer, Roy E. Gereau, Serene Hargreaves, Yvette Harvey-Brown, Davy U. Ikabanga, Edouard Ilunga wa Ilunga, James Kalema, Peris Kamau, Olivier Lachenaud, Quentin Luke, Ithe Mwanga Mwanga, Sydney T. Ndolo Ebika, Jacques Nkengurutse, Aimable Nsanzurwimo, Salvator Ntore, Sophie L. Richards, Reddy Shutsha Ehata, Murielle Simo-Droissart, Tariq Stévart, and Marc S. M. Sosef
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Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
In this data paper, we present a specimen-based occurrence dataset compiled in the framework of the Conservation of Endemic Central African Trees (ECAT) project with the aim of producing global conservation assessments for the IUCN Red List. The project targets all tree species endemic or sub-endemic to the Central African region comprising the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DR Congo), Rwanda, and Burundi. The dataset contains 6361 plant collection records with occurrences of 8910 specimens from 337 taxa belonging to 153 genera in 52 families. Many of these tree taxa have restricted geographic ranges and are only known from a small number of herbarium specimens. As assessments for such taxa can be compromised by inadequate data, we transcribed and geo-referenced specimen label information to obtain a more accurate and complete locality dataset. All specimen data were manually cleaned and verified by botanical experts, resulting in improved data quality and consistency.
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- 2022
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6. A new species of Amorphophallus (Araceae) from Eastern D.R. Congo, and a new record of the genus from Rwanda
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Eberhard Fischer, Bonny Dumbo, and Landry Dumbo
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Albertine Rift ,Amorphophallus dumboi ,Amorphophal ,Plant ecology ,QK900-989 - Abstract
Background and aims – A new species of Amorphophallus (Araceae) is described from D.R. Congo in connection with preparing the family treatment for the Flore d’Afrique centrale. Another species is recorded for the first time from Rwanda.Methods – Standard herbarium practices were applied.Key results – Amorphophallus dumboi sp. nov. is related to A. margretae. The differences between these species are discussed and distribution maps for the taxa are presented. Both species are range-restricted in the Albertine Rift and preliminarily assessed as Critically Endangered. Amorphophallus mayoi is for the first time recorded for Rwanda. The taxon, originally described as a subspecies of A. calabaricus, is raised here to specific rank.
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- 2022
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7. Pre‐ and postzygotic mechanisms preventing hybridization in co‐occurring species of the Impatiens purpureoviolacea complex
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Stefan Abrahamczyk, Michaela Jandová, Zuzana Líblová, Steven B. Janssens, Tomáš Dostálek, Norbert Holstein, and Eberhard Fischer
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Albertine Rift ,bird pollination ,chromosome number ,evolution ,hybridization ,insect pollination ,Ecology ,QH540-549.5 - Abstract
Abstract In the species‐rich genus Impatiens, few natural hybrids are known, even though closely related species often occur sympatrically. In this study, we aim to bridge the gap between micro‐ and macro‐evolution to disentangle pre‐ and postzygotic mechanisms that may prevent hybridization in the Impatiens purpureoviolacea complex from Central Africa. We analyzed habitat types, species distribution, pollination syndromes, pollinator dependency, genome sizes, and chromosome numbers of seven out of the ten species of the complex as well as of one natural hybrid and reconstructed the ancestral chromosome numbers of the complex. Several species of the complex occur in sympatry or geographically very close to each other. All of them are characterized by pre‐ and/or postzygotic mechanisms potentially preventing hybridization. We found four independent polyploidization events within the complex. The only known natural hybrid always appears as single individual and is self‐fertile. But the plants resulting from self‐pollinated seeds often die shortly after first flowering. These results indicate that the investigated mechanisms in combination may effectively but not absolutely prevent hybridization in Impatiens and probably occur in other genera with sympatric species as well.
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- 2021
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8. Five new species of Streptocarpus (Gesneriaceae) from Katanga, D.R. Congo
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Eberhard Fischer and Iain Darbyshire
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central Africa ,endemism ,new species ,Streptocarp ,Plant ecology ,QK900-989 - Abstract
Background and aims – Five new species of Streptocarpus (Gesneriaceae) are described from D.R. Congo in connection with preparing the family treatment for the Flore d’Afrique centrale.Methods – Standard herbarium practices were applied.Key results – Streptocarpus malachiticola sp. nov. is related to S. compressus and S. goetzei while S. bampsii sp. nov., S. malaissei sp. nov., S. salesianorum sp. nov., and S. schaijesii sp. nov. are related to S. michelmorei and S. solenanthus. The differences with these species are discussed and distribution maps for the new taxa are presented. An identification key for all known acaulescent species from D.R. Congo, Rwanda, and Burundi is provided. The conservation status of new species is preliminarily assessed. All taxa are range-restricted in Upper Katanga and the assessments are as follows: S. malachiticola: EN B1+2ab(iii), S. bampsii: CR B2ab(iii), S. malaissei: EN B1+2ab(iii), S. salesianorum: CR B2ab(iii), and S. schaijesii: EN B2ab(iii). Streptocarpus malachiticola is found on metalliferous rocks while the remaining species are either epiphytes in gallery forests (S. bampsii) or occur on humid rocks in gallery forests.
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- 2021
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9. Superhydrophobic Terrestrial Cyanobacteria and Land Plant Transition
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Wilhelm Barthlott, Burkhard Büdel, Matthias Mail, Klaus Michael Neumann, Dorothea Bartels, and Eberhard Fischer
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evolution ,Hassallia ,key innovations ,surface science ,wettability ,water repellency ,Plant culture ,SB1-1110 - Abstract
Plants and other organisms have evolved structures and mechanisms for colonizing land since the Early Ordovician. In this context, their surfaces, the crucial physical interface with the environment, are mainly considered barriers against water loss. It is suggested that extreme water repellency (superhydrophobicity) was an additional key innovation for the transition of algae from water to land some 400 mya. Superhydrophobicity enhances gas exchange on land and excludes aquatic competitors in water films. In a different context, in material science and surface technology, superhydrophobicity has also become one of the most important bioinspired innovations enabling the avoidance of water films and contamination. Here, we present data for an extremely water-repellent cyanobacterial biofilm of the desiccation tolerant Hassallia byssoidea providing evidence for a much earlier prokaryotic Precambrian (ca. 1–2 bya) origin of superhydrophobicity and chemical heterogeneities associated with land transition. The multicellular cyanobacterium is functionally differentiated in a submerged basal hydrophilic absorbing portion like a “rhizoid” and an upright emersed superhydrophobic “phyllocauloid” filament for assimilation, nitrogen fixation, and splash dispersed diaspores. Additional data are provided for superhydrophobic surfaces in terrestrial green algae and in virtually all ancestral land plants (Bryophytes, ferns and allies, Amborella, Nelumbo), slime molds, and fungi. Rethinking of superhydrophobicity as an essential first step for life in terrestrial environments is suggested.
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- 2022
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10. The freshwater red algae ( Batrachospermales , Rhodophyta ) of Africa and Madagascar I. New species of Kumanoa , Sirodotia and the new genus Ahidranoa ( Batrachospermaceae )
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Eberhard Fischer, Johanna Gerlach, Dorothee Killmann, and Dietmar Quandt
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batrachospermaceae ,tropical africa ,madagascar ,taxonomy ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
Our knowledge of the diversity of African freshwater red algae is rather limited. Only a few reports exist. During our field work in the last five years we frequently encountered freshwater red algae in streams in Rwanda and Madagascar. Here we describe four new species and one new genus of freshwater red algae from the Batrachospermales , based on morphological and molecular evidence: Kumanoa comperei from the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Rwanda is related to K. montagnei and K. nodiflora ; Kumanoa rwandensis from Rwanda is related to K. ambigua and K. gudjewga ; Sirodotia masoalensis is related to S. huillensis and S. delicatula ; and the new genus and species Ahidranoa madagascariensis from Madagascar is sister to Sirodotia , Lemanea , Batrachospermum s.str. and Tuomeya . There is also evidence for the presence of Sheathia , which was recorded as yet-unidentifiable Chantransia stages. These are among the first new descriptions since 1899 from the African continent and since 1964 from Madagascar. A short history of the exploration of freshwater red algae from Africa and Madagascar is provided. All new taxa are accompanied by illustrations and observations on their ecology.
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- 2020
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11. Impatiens serusiauxii ( Balsaminaceae ), a new species from Marojejy National Park, Madagascar
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Eberhard Fischer, Elisette Marie Rahelivololona, and Dorothee Killmann
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endemism ,taxonomy ,impatiens manaharensis ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
The new species Impatiens serusiauxii is described from Marojejy National Park in NE Madagascar. Impatiens serusiauxii differs from the morphologically similar I. manaharensis in the distinctly coriaceous linear-lanceolate leaves, the larger white flowers with dark red and yellow spots, the shape of the dorsal petal and the lateral united petals, and the shape of the lateral sepals and the lower sepal with spur oriented upwards. Impatiens serusiauxii is restricted to sclerophyllous montane cloud forest above 1100 m.
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- 2020
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12. Phylogeny, infrageneric classification and species delimitation in the Malagasy Impatiens (Balsaminaceae)
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Elisette M. Rahelivololona, Eberhard Fischer, Steven B. Janssens, and Sylvain G. Razafimandimbison
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Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
The species-rich genus Impatiens (Balsaminaceae) is represented in Madagascar by no less than 260 species. We conducted molecular phylogenetic analyses of the Malagasy Impatiens based on nuclear and plastid data and 52 accessions (representing 33 species) to: 1) reassess the monophyly of the Malagasy Impatiens; 2) assess the monophyly of the sections Preimpatiens (Humblotianae and Vulgare groups) with spurs and Trimorphopetalum without spurs as delimited by Perrier de la Bâthie, as well as that of the subgenera Impatiens and Trimorphopetalum as defined by Fischer and Rahelivololona; 3) infer the current status of some morphologically variable species; and 4) test whether the species of Impatiens from the Marojejy National Park form a monophyletic group. The Malagasy Impatiens are further confirmed to be paraphyletic with respect of the Comorian I. auricoma. The present sectional and subgeneric classifications of the Malagasy Impatiens are partly supported, with strong support for the monophyly of the sect. or subgen. Trimorphopetalum. Section Preimpatiens was not supported as monophyletic and neither the Humblotianae group nor the Vulgare group is monophyletic. Impatiens elatostemmoides, I. “hammarbyoides”, I. inaperta, I. lyallii and I. manaharensis are either para- or polyphyletic and may represent morpho-species. The Impatiens species from the Marojejy National Park do not form a monophyletic group and therefore are suggested to be derived from numerous independent colonisation events from all over Madagascar followed by subsequent diversifications.
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- 2018
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13. A question of data quality-Testing pollination syndromes in Balsaminaceae.
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Stefan Abrahamczyk, Sissi Lozada-Gobilard, Markus Ackermann, Eberhard Fischer, Vera Krieger, Almut Redling, and Maximilian Weigend
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Pollination syndromes and their predictive power regarding actual plant-animal interactions have been controversially discussed in the past. We investigate pollination syndromes in Balsaminaceae, utilizing quantitative respectively categorical data sets of flower morphometry, signal and reward traits for 86 species to test for the effect of different types of data on the test patterns retrieved. Cluster Analyses of the floral traits are used in combination with independent pollinator observations. Based on quantitative data we retrieve seven clusters, six of them corresponding to plausible pollination syndromes and one additional, well-supported cluster comprising highly divergent floral architectures. This latter cluster represents a non-syndrome of flowers not segregated by the specific data set here used. Conversely, using categorical data we obtained only a rudimentary resolution of pollination syndromes, in line with several earlier studies. The results underscore that the use of functional, exactly quanitified trait data has the power to retrieve pollination syndromes circumscribed by the specific data used. Data quality can, however, not be replaced by sheer data volume. With this caveat, it is possible to identify pollination syndromes from large datasets and to reliably extrapolate them for taxa for which direct observations are unavailable.
- Published
- 2017
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14. Lindernia adami-hefiedi (Linderniaceae)—a new species from Madagascar
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EBERHARD FISCHER
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Tracheophyta ,Magnoliopsida ,Linderniaceae ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Biodiversity ,Plantae ,Taxonomy ,Lamiales ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
The new species Lindernia adami-hefiedi from Madagascar, Montagne d’Ambre is described and illustrated. It differs from Lindernia rotundifolia, and related species in the dense indumentum with long-stalked glandular hairs, the matt leaves, the long pedicel, the large corolla and the long free staminodes. Additional material of the closely related species L. lemuriana, L. oblongifolia, L. rotundifolia and L. viguieri is studied and a key to the species of Lindernia s.str. in Madagascar is provided. Herbarium studies revealed that Ilysanthes oblongifolia is the oldest name for Lindernia paludosa, and the relevant new combination is made here.
- Published
- 2023
15. Synoptic Revision of the exindusiate species of Dryopteris (Dryopteridaceae) from Central Africa (Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Burundi) with description of Dryopteris schizopaleata sp. nov. from Rwanda
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EBERHARD FISCHER and WOLFRAM LOBIN
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Tracheophyta ,Polypodiales ,Biodiversity ,Dryopteridaceae ,Plant Science ,Polypodiopsida ,Plantae ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Taxonomy - Abstract
A synopsis of the exindusiate species of Dryopteris occurring in the area of the Flore d’Afrique Centrale (D.R.Congo, Rwanda, Burundi) is provided. Three species occur in the area. Dryopteris schizopaleata sp. nov., a new species from Rwanda, is described here. It differs from all other Dryopteris species occurring in the area in the stipe scales that are broadly ovate, with a fimbriate apex, divided into long uniseriate, irregular fissures and without glands. D. manniana is recorded for D.R.Congo, Rwanda and Burundi. D. ruwenzoriensis occurs in the Ruwenzori mountains in Eastern D.R.Congo and Western Uganda, and the Virunga Volcanoes in Eastern D.R.Congo and Rwanda. A key to the three species is provided.
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- 2023
16. Hartliella txitongensis (Linderniaceae), a new species from Mozambique
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Jo Osborne, Castigo Datizua, Papin Mucaleque, and Eberhard Fischer
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Plant Science ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Abstract
SummaryHartliella txitongensis Osborne & Eb.Fisch., a species new to science from Niassa Province in Northern Mozambique, is described and illustrated. Hartliella txitongensis is the only species of Hartliella known from outside the Upper Katanga region of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the adjacent region of Zambia. The species is provisionally assessed as Critically Endangered under IUCN criterion B and its potential to be a metallophyte is highlighted. A key to the five species of Hartliella is provided.
- Published
- 2022
17. A new species of Lindernia (Linderniaceae) from Tanzania
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EBERHARD FISCHER, KAJ B. VOLLESEN, and IAIN DARBYSHIRE
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Tracheophyta ,Magnoliopsida ,Linderniaceae ,Plant Science ,Biodiversity ,Plantae ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Taxonomy ,Lamiales - Abstract
The new species Lindernia sallyae from Tanzania, Mpanda District is described and illustrated. It differs from Lindernia linearifolia and L. monroi in the lack of basal rosulate leaves, the taller habit, the calyx with shorter tube and the acute lobes, the yellow corolla with purple marks and veins, the larger lower lip of the corolla, the longer abaxial stamens with acute anthers, and the glabrous adaxial stamens. The ecology of this probably poikilohydric species is briefly discussed. The endemic flora of the Uzondo Plateau, the type locality for this new Lindernia species, is highlighted.
- Published
- 2023
18. The genus Isoetes (Isoetaceae) in Central Africa (Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Burundi) with the description of three new species
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Eberhard Fischer and Wolfram Lobin
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Plant Science ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Published
- 2022
19. Isoglossa darbyshirei (Acanthaceae), a new plietesial species from the Albertine Rift (Rwanda, Burundi)
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Dominique Champluvier and Eberhard Fischer
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Rift ,Ecology ,Acanthaceae ,IUCN Red List ,Key (lock) ,Taxonomy (biology) ,Plant Science ,Biology ,Eudicots ,biology.organism_classification ,Affinities ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Isoglossa - Abstract
Isoglossa darbyshirei is described as a new species from Rwanda and Burundi. Its affinities to I. humbertii and I. laxiflora are discussed. Based on current knowledge I. darbyshirei is given a preliminary conservation assessment of Vulnerable (VU B2). The new species shows a plietesial life cycle that is briefly discussed. A key to the Isoglossa laxiflora-group is also provided.
- Published
- 2020
20. The freshwater red algae (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta) of Africa and Madagascar I. New species of Kumanoa, Sirodotia and the new genus Ahidranoa (Batrachospermaceae)
- Author
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Dorothee Killmann, Johanna Gerlach, Eberhard Fischer, and Dietmar Quandt
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Batrachospermaceae ,royalty.royal_line ,biology ,Genus ,Botany ,royalty ,Taxonomy (biology) ,Plant Science ,Red algae ,biology.organism_classification ,Batrachospermales - Abstract
Our knowledge of the diversity of African freshwater red algae is rather limited. Only a few reports exist. During our field work in the last five years we frequently encountered freshwater red algae in streams in Rwanda and Madagascar. Here we describe four new species and one new genus of freshwater red algae from the Batrachospermales, based on morphological and molecular evidence: Kumanoa comperei from the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Rwanda is related to K. montagnei and K. nodiflora; Kumanoa rwandensis from Rwanda is related to K. ambigua and K. gudjewga; Sirodotia masoalensis is related to S. huillensis and S. delicatula; and the new genus and species Ahidranoa madagascariensis from Madagascar is sister to Sirodotia, Lemanea, Batrachospermum s.str. and Tuomeya. There is also evidence for the presence of Sheathia, which was recorded as yet-unidentifiable Chantransia stages. These are among the first new descriptions since 1899 from the African continent and since 1964 from Madagascar. A short history of the exploration of freshwater red algae from Africa and Madagascar is provided. All new taxa are accompanied by illustrations and observations on their ecology.
- Published
- 2020
21. Impatiens serusiauxii (Balsaminaceae), a new species from Marojejy National Park, Madagascar
- Author
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Elisette Marie Rahelivololona, Eberhard Fischer, and Dorothee Killmann
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Geography ,biology ,Ecology ,National park ,Taxonomy (biology) ,Plant Science ,Impatiens ,biology.organism_classification ,Endemism ,Balsaminaceae - Abstract
The new species Impatiens serusiauxii is described from Marojejy National Park in NE Madagascar. Impatiens serusiauxii differs from the morphologically similar I. manaharensis in the distinctly coriaceous linear-lanceolate leaves, the larger white flowers with dark red and yellow spots, the shape of the dorsal petal and the lateral united petals, and the shape of the lateral sepals and the lower sepal with spur oriented upwards. Impatiens serusiauxii is restricted to sclerophyllous montane cloud forest above 1100 m.
- Published
- 2020
22. Evolution of Impatiens (Balsaminaceae) in the Albertine Rift - The endemic Impatiens purpureoviolacea complex consists of ten species
- Author
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Stefan Abrahamczyk, Steven Janssens, Norbert Holstein, and Eberhard Fischer
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Burundi ,Plant Science ,plant taxonomy ,Magnoliopsida ,Botany ,geological activity ,Plantae ,Balsaminaceae ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Taxonomy ,new species ,Evolutionary Biology ,Rift ,Science & Technology ,biology ,endemics ,ORIGIN ,Plant Sciences ,Rwanda ,Biodiversity ,Plant taxonomy ,biology.organism_classification ,East Africa ,Tracheophyta ,RETENTION INDEX ,Democratic Republic of the Congo ,MORPHOLOGY ,INFERENCE ,MRBAYES ,Impatiens ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,tropical mountain forest ,Ericales - Abstract
Fischer, Eberhard, Abrahamczyk, Stefan, Holstein, Norbert, Janssens, Steven B. (2021): Evolution of Impatiens (Balsaminaceae) in the Albertine Rift – The endemic Impatiens purpureoviolacea complex consists of ten species. TAXON 70 (6): 1273-1299, DOI: 10.1002/tax.12566, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tax.12566
- Published
- 2021
23. Carapa wohllebenii (Meliaceae), a new tree species from montane forests in the Democratic Republic of Congo, Rwanda, and Burundi
- Author
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Eberhard Fischer, Dorothee Killmann, Burkhard Leh, and Steven Janssens
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Meliaceae ,biology ,Phylogenetic tree ,Forestry ,Plant Science ,Biodiversity ,biology.organism_classification ,Carapa ,Apex (geometry) ,Sapindales ,Tracheophyta ,Magnoliopsida ,Molecular phylogenetics ,IUCN Red List ,Taxonomy (biology) ,Eudicots ,Plantae ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Taxonomy - Abstract
Carapa wohllebenii is described as a new tree species from the Democratic Republic of Congo, Rwanda, and Burundi. Its affinities to Carapa grandiflora are discussed. It differs in a number of morphological features; the most prominent being the oblanceolate-oblong leaflets with distinctly mucronate apex and a length/width ratio of 3.2–4.7 (vs. oblong ovate leaflets with mucronulate apex and a length/width ratio of 1.9–2.7 in C. grandiflora). A molecular phylogeny of Carapa is presented that clearly indicates the distinct phylogenetic position of both species. Based on the current knowledge, the new species is given a preliminary conservation assessment of LEAST CONCERN (LC). Carapa grandiflora is here for the first time recorded from the Democratic Republic of Congo.
- Published
- 2021
24. Novelties among East African angraecoids (Orchidaceae, Angraecinae)
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Eberhard Fischer, Tania D'haijère, Tariq Stévart, and João N.M. Farminhão
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Orchidaceae ,Tanzania ,Tridactyle ,biology ,Angraecinae ,Botany ,Ypsilopus ,Plant Science ,biology.organism_classification ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Plant diversity - Published
- 2021
25. Amalie Dietrich und ihre Bedeutung für die Erforschung der Flora von Australien
- Author
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Eberhard Fischer
- Abstract
Amalie Dietrich sammelte zwischen 1863 und 1873 tausende von Pflanzen (Braunalgen, Moose, Farne und Blutenpflanzen) in Australien fur das Museum Godeffroy in Hamburg. Die Auswertung der verfugbaren Publikationen ermoglicht es nicht nur, ihren Reiseweg genau zu rekonstruieren, sondern auch ihre Bedeutung fur die Erforschung der Flora von Australien zu bewerten. Unter den Blutenpflanzen wurden 37 Arten und eine Gattung neu fur die Wissenschaft beschrieben, von denen 19 Arten noch heute akzeptiert werden, darunter Acacia dietrichiana. Zwei Farnarten, 23 Laubmoosarten, eine Lebermoosart und drei Braunalgenarten wurden auf der Basis des von ihr gesammelten Materials neu beschrieben, davon sind eine Farnart, 15 Laubmoosarten und alle drei Braunalgenarten heute noch akzeptiert. Amalie Dietrich selbst hat niemals uber ihre Aufsammlungen publiziert.
- Published
- 2021
26. Nectar traits differ between pollination syndromes in Balsaminaceae
- Author
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Olivier Honnay, Pieter Gijbels, Filip Vandelook, Eberhard Fischer, Steven Janssens, Stefan Abrahamczyk, and W. Van den Ende
- Subjects
Balsaminaceae ,amino acids ,biology ,Pollination ,Plant Nectar ,nectar ,food and beverages ,Plant Science ,Flowers ,Syndrome ,Original Articles ,biology.organism_classification ,Pollination syndrome ,Pollinator ,sugar ,Botany ,Plant species ,Nectar ,Humans ,Impatiens ,Adaptation - Abstract
Background and Aims The attractiveness of nectar rewards depends both on the quantity of nectar produced and on its chemical composition. It is known that nectar quantity and chemical composition can differ in plant species depending on the main pollinator associated with the species. The main aims of this study were to test formally whether nectar traits are adapted to pollination syndromes in the speciose Balsaminaceae and, if so, whether a combination of nectar traits mirrors pollination syndromes. Methods Comparative methods based on Ornstein–Uhlenbeck models were used to test whether nectar volume, nectar sucrose proportion, sugar and amino acid concentration and amino acid composition had evolved as a function of pollination syndromes in 57 species of Balsaminaceae. Cluster analysis and ordination were performed to derive clusters of species resembling each other in nectar composition. Key Results Evolutionary models for nectar volume and nectar sucrose proportion performed best when including information on pollination syndrome, while including such information improve model fit neither for sugar and amino acid concentration nor for amino acid composition. A significant relationship emerged between pollination syndrome and the combined nectar traits. Conclusions Our results show that nectar volume and nectar sucrose proportion evolve rapidly towards optimal values associated with different pollination syndromes. The detection of a signal indicating that nectar traits in combination are to a certain extent able to predict pollination syndromes in Balsaminaceae suggests that a holistic approach including the whole set of nectar traits helps us to better understand evolution of nectar composition in response to pollinators.
- Published
- 2019
27. Familia LINDERNIACEAE (Rchb.) Borsch, K. Müller & Eb. Fisch
- Author
-
Eberhard Fischer, K. Müller, and T. Borsch
- Published
- 2018
28. Evolution of brood-site mimicry in Madagascan Impatiens (Balsaminaceae)
- Author
-
Felix Trabert, Maximilian Weigend, Maria Gleichmann, Sissi Lozada-Gobilard, Stefan Abrahamczyk, Vera Krieger, Fabian Droppelmann, Steven Janssens, Eberhard Fischer, Marian Schubert, Marius Linnartz, Aelys M. Humphreys, and Marie Elisette Rahelivololona
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,biology ,Pollination ,Range (biology) ,Zoology ,Plant Science ,medicine.disease_cause ,biology.organism_classification ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Brood ,Pollinator ,Pollen ,medicine ,Mimicry ,Impatiens ,Balsaminaceae ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
The species-rich flora of Madagascar is well known for a range of unusual floral ecologies. One example is Impatiens section Trimorphopetalum with its unique combination of floral traits: small, spur-less, cup- or lip-shaped, greenish or brownish flowers. So far no hypotheses on floral function or pollination of this peculiar group have been proposed. We analysed six reproductive traits in relation to pollination syndromes for 34 Madagascan Impatiens species, including 18 species of section Trimorphopetalum plus six outgroup species, in a phylogenetic framework. Further, we present pollinator observations for one additional species of Trimophopetalum. All pollination syndromes occurring in the African species are also present in Madagascan Impatiens. In addition, species of Trimorphopetalum represent two unique floral types, possibly corresponding to two different types of fly pollination. The evolution of these flower types corresponds to a strong decrease in nectar production, flower display size, pollen grain and ovule number. Autogamy is found in one derived sub-clade of the otherwise largely pollinator-dependent Trimorphopetalum. We find evidence consistent with the evolution of brood-site deception and fungus mimicry in combination with fly pollination in one clade of Trimorphopetalum and the stepwise evolution of autogamy in the second clade. The evolution of these very different reproductive strategies may have been triggered by pollinator limitation in the dense, humid forest undergrowth of Madagascar.
- Published
- 2021
29. Syllabus of Plant Families - A. Engler's Syllabus Der Pflanzenfamilien Part 4: : Pinopsida (Gynosperms) Magnoliopsida (Angiosperms) P.p.: Subclass Magnoliidae [Amborellanae to Magnolianae, Lilianae P.p. (Acorales to Asparagales)]. Orchidaceae
- Author
-
Eberhard Fischer, Wolfgang Frey, Inge Theisen, Eberhard Fischer, Wolfgang Frey, and Inge Theisen
- Abstract
Part 4 of Englers Syllabus of Plant Families Pinopsida (Gymnosperms) and Magnoliopsida (Angiosperms) p.p.: Subclass Magnoliidae [Amborellanae to Magnolianae, Lilianae p.p. (Acorales to Asparagales)] provides a thorough treatise of the world-wide morphological and molecular diversity of the Gymnosperms and the first part of the Angiosperms [Magnoliidae: Amborellanae to Magnolianae, Lilianae p.p. (Acorales to Asparagales).] The description of the Gymnosperms, including the extinct diversity, is the first synthesis of classical anatomical-morphological characters with modern molecular data, combined with the numerous new discoveries of fossils, especially from China, made during the last ten years. The Angiosperms are the most diverse group of plants and form nearly 95% of the global vegetation from arctic tundra, resp. subantarctic vegetation formations, to tropical rainforests. There is actually no comprehensive survey covering all families and genera of angiosperms. Englers Syllabus is an attempt to fill this gap by covering all angiosperms in two volumes arranged according to the most recent phylogenetic system of APG III (2009). In this first volume (Part 4 of the Syllabus) all families and genera of Magnoliids are described. The monocotyledonous families are covered by the orders Acorales and Alismatales as well as all groups of Liliid orders and families (Petrosaviales, Dioscoreales, Pandanales, Liliales and Asparagales). The Orchidaceae are included with a fully revised and modern treatise, thus representing one of the two most species-rich families of plants. The remaining monocotyledonous groups (Arecales, Commelinales, Poales, Zingiberales and Dasypogonales) and the core eudicotyledons will be treated in Part 5 of the Syllabus of Plant Families. This up-to-date overview of the Pinopsida (Gymnosperms) and Magnoliopsida (Angiosperms) p.p. (Subclass Magnoliidae p.p.) will be of service in the reference literature for a long time. Englers Syllabus of Plant Families has since its first publication in 1887 aimed to provide both the researcher, and particularly the student with a concise survey of the plant kingdom as a whole, presenting all higher systematic units right down to families and genera of plants and fungi. In 1954, more than 60 years ago, the 12th edition of the well-known Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien (Syllabus of Plant Families), set a standard. Now, the completely restructured and revised 13th edition of Englers Syllabus published in 5 parts and in English language for the first time also considers molecular data, which have only recently become available in order to provide an up-to-date evolutionary and systematic overview of the plant groups treated. In our molecular times there is a vitally important and growing need to preserve the knowledge of the entire range of diversity and biology of organisms for coming generations, as there is a decline in classical morphological and taxonomical expertise, especially for less popular (showy) groups of organisms. Accordingly, the 13th edition of Syllabus of Plant Families synthesizes both modern data and classical expertise, serving to educate future experts who will maintain our knowledge of the full range of Earths biodiversity. Syllabus of Plant Families is a mandatory reference for students, experts and researchers from all fi elds of biological sciences, particularly botany.
- Published
- 2020
30. Syllabus of Plant Families - A. Engler's Syllabus Der Pflanzenfamilien Part 3: Bryophytes and Seedless Vascular Plants : Marchantiophyta, Bryophyta, Anthocerotophyta, Protracheophyta (Horneophytopsida), Tracheophyta P.p.: Rhyniophytina, Lycophytina, Trimerophytina, Moniliformopses (Pteridophyta), Radiatopses (Progymnospermopsida)
- Author
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Adolf Engler, Wolfgang Frey, Michael Stech, Eberhard Fischer, Adolf Engler, Wolfgang Frey, Michael Stech, and Eberhard Fischer
- Abstract
Part 3 of Engler's Syllabus of Plant Families -'Bryophytes and seedless Vascular Plants'provides a thorough treatment of the world-wide morphological and molecular diversity of a part of'lower'plants [Marchantiophyta, Bryophyta, Anthocerotophyta, Polysporangiomorpha, Protracheophytes, Rhyniophytina, Lycophytina,'Trimerophytina', Moniliformopses (Cladoxylopsida, Psilotopsida, Equisetopsida, Marattiopsida, Polypodiopsida)], and Radiatopses (Progymnospermopsida). The advent of DNA sequencing and advances in phylogenetic analysis has raised new interest in the relationships of liverworts, mosses, hornworts, ferns, and fern allies as extant representatives of early land plant evolution. Following the tradition of Engler with the morphological-anatomical data and incorporating latest results from molecular phylogenetics and phylogenomics, an up-to-date overview of families and genera has been created that will serve as reference for a long time. Engler's Syllabus of Plant Families has since its first publication in 1887 aimed to provide both the researcher, and particularly the student with a concise survey of the plant kingdom as a whole, presenting all higher systematic units right down to families and genera of plants and fungi. In 1964, more than 40 years ago, the 12th edition of the well-known'Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien'('Syllabus of Plant Families'), set a standard. Now, the completely restructured and revised 13th edition of Engler's Syllabus published in 5 parts and in English language, for the fi rst time also considers molecular data, which have only recently become available in order to provide an up-to-date evolutionary and systematic overview of the plant groups treated. In our'molecular times'there is a growing need to preserve the knowledge of the entire range of diversity and biology of organisms for coming generations, as there is a decline in'classical'morphological and taxonomical expertise, especially for less popular (showy) groups of organisms. Accordingly, the 13th edition of Syllabus of Plant Families synthesizes both modern data and classical expertise, serving to educate future experts who will maintain our knowledge of the full range of Earth's biodiversity. Syllabus of Plant Families is a mandatory reference for students, experts and researchers from all fields of biological sciences, particularly botany.
- Published
- 2020
31. Leitfaden der kriegschirurgischen Operations- und Verbandstechnik
- Author
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Hermann Eberhard Fischer and Hermann Eberhard Fischer
- Subjects
- Surgery
- Published
- 2019
32. New phylogenetic insights toward developing a natural generic classification of African angraecoid orchids (Vandeae, Orchidaceae)
- Author
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Olivier J. Hardy, Molly B. Edwards, Eberhard Fischer, Vladimir Ječmenica, Barbara S. Carlsward, Porter P. Lowry, Benny Bytebier, Vincent Droissart, Simon Verlynde, Gregory M. Plunkett, Laura N. Azandi, Murielle Simo-Droissart, Tariq Stévart, Florent Martos, Tania D'haijère, Bonaventure Sonké, João N.M. Farminhão, Claire Micheneau, University of Yaoundé [Cameroun], New York Botanical Garden (NYBG), Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), New York Botanical Garden, Université Libre de Bruxelles [Bruxelles] (ULB), Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden (USA), Laboratoire de Botanique et Ecologie, Université de Yaoundé I [Yaoundé], Peuplements végétaux et bioagresseurs en milieu tropical (UMR PVBMT), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de La Réunion (UR), Evolution Biologique et Ecologie, Université de Bruxelles, Herbarieum et Bibliothèque de Botanique africaine, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Université de Yaoundé I, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), U.S. National Science Foundation [1051547], Belgian Fund for Scientific Research (F.R.S-FNRS) [FRFC 2.4.577.10, MIS 4.519.10], American Orchid Society, National Geographic Society [C303-15], Erasmus Mundus Tropimundo MSc scholarship, FRIA-FNRS, DIVEAC, ECOFAC, Central Africa Regional Program of the Environment (CARPE), 'Sud Expert Plantes' project under the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs [375], 'Akademie der Wissenschaften und Literaur Mainz' (Germany), and National Research Foundation of South Africa
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Paraphyly ,DNA, Plant ,Campylocentrum ,Molecular phylogeny ,[SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Vandeae ,03 medical and health sciences ,[SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems ,Polyphyly ,Angraecinae ,Genetics ,Paleotropics ,Angraecopsis ,Orchidaceae ,Molecular Biology ,Indian Ocean ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Phylogeny ,biology ,Bayes Theorem ,Sequence Analysis, DNA ,15. Life on land ,[SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics ,biology.organism_classification ,030104 developmental biology ,Evolutionary biology ,Aerangis ,Epidendroideae ,[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology ,Angraecum ,Angraecoid orchids - Abstract
International audience; Despite significant progress made in recent years toward developing an infrafamilial classification of Orchidaceae, our understanding of relationships among and within tribal and subtribal groups of epidendroid orchids remains incomplete. To reassess generic delimitation among one group of these epidendroids, the African angraecoids, phylogenetic relationships were inferred from DNA sequence data from three regions, ITS, matK, and the trnL-trnF intergenic spacer, obtained from a broadly representative sample of taxa. Parsimony and Bayesian analyses yielded highly resolved trees that are in clear agreement and show significant support for many key clades within subtribe Angraecinae s.l. Angraecoid orchids comprise two well-supported clades: an African/American group and an Indian Ocean group. Molecular results also support many previously proposed relationships among genera, but also reveal some unexpected relationships. The genera Aerangis, Ancistrorhynchus, Bolusiella, Campylocentrum, Cyrtorchis, Dendrophylax, Eurychone, Microcoelia, Nephrangis, Podangis and Solenangis are all shown to be monophyletic, but Angraecopsis, Diaphananthe and Margelliantha are polyphyletic. Diaphananthe forms three well-supported clades, one of which might represent a new genus, and Rhipidoglossum is paraphyletic with respect to Cribbia and Rhaesteria, and also includes taxa currently assigned to Margelliantha. Tridactyle too is paraphyletic as Eggelingia is embedded within it. The large genus Angraecum is confirmed to be polyphyletic and several groups will have to be recognized as separate genera, including sections Dolabrifolia and Hadrangis. The recently segregated genus Pectinariella (previously recognized as A. sect. Pectinaria) is polyphyletic and its Continental African species will have to be removed. Similarly, some of the species recently transferred to Angraecoides that were previously placed in Angraecum sects. Afrangraecum and Conchoglossum will have to be moved and described as a new genus.
- Published
- 2018
33. Breeding systems in Balsaminaceae in relation to pollen/ovule ratio, pollination syndromes, life history and climate zone
- Author
-
Markus Ackermann, Sissi Lozada-Gobilard, Maximilian Weigend, Stefan Abrahamczyk, Eberhard Fischer, and Steven Janssens
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Pollination ,Climate ,Outcrossing ,Plant Science ,medicine.disease_cause ,Pollination syndrome ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Pollinator ,Pollen ,ddc:570 ,Botany ,medicine ,Ovule ,Balsaminaceae ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Institut für Biochemie und Biologie ,Phylogeny ,biology ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,Plant Breeding ,Regression Analysis ,Impatiens ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Pollen/ovule (P/O) ratios are often used as proxy for breeding systems. Here, we investigate the relations between breeding systems and P/O ratios, pollination syndromes, life history and climate zone in Balsaminaceae. We conducted controlled breeding system experiments (autonomous and active self-pollination and outcrossing tests) for 65 Balsaminaceae species, analysed pollen grain and ovule numbers and evaluated the results in combination with data on pollination syndrome, life history and climate zone on a phylogenetic basis. Based on fruit set, we assigned three breeding systems: autogamy, self-compatibility and self-incompatibility. Self-pollination led to lower fruit set than outcrossing. We neither found significant P/O differences between breeding systems nor between pollination syndromes. However, the numbers of pollen grains and ovules per flower were significantly lower in autogamous species, but pollen grain and ovule numbers did not differ between most pollination syndromes. Finally, we found no relation between breeding system and climate zone, but a relation between climate zone and life history. In Balsaminaceae reproductive traits can change under resource or pollinator limitation, leading to the evolution of autogamy, but are evolutionary rather constant and not under strong selection pressure by pollinator guild and geographic range changes. Colonisation of temperate regions, however, is correlated with transitions towards annual life history. Pollen/ovule-ratios, commonly accepted as good indicators of breeding system, have a low predictive value in Balsaminaceae. In the absence of experimental data on breeding system, additional floral traits (overall pollen grain and ovule number, traits of floral morphology) may be used as proxies.
- Published
- 2018
34. A new blind snake of the genus Letheobia (Serpentes: Typhlopidae) from Rwanda with redescriptions of L. gracilis (Sternfeld, 1910) and L. graueri (Sternfeld, 1912) and the introduction of a non-invasive preparation procedure for scanning electron microscopy in zoology
- Author
-
Kenny Babilon, Harald Hinkel, Eberhard Fischer, J. Maximilian Dehling, and Hans-Jürgen Ensikat
- Subjects
Dorsum ,Reptilia ,biology ,Letheobia ,Non invasive ,Holotype ,Rwanda ,Zoology ,Snakes ,Biodiversity ,Forests ,biology.organism_classification ,Typhlopidae ,Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ,Squamata ,Animals ,Animalia ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Taxonomy (biology) ,Snout ,Chordata ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Taxonomy - Abstract
A new species of blind snake in the genus Letheobia is described from Akagera National Park in eastern Rwanda. The new species is most similar to species of the L. gracilis complex, particularly L. gracilis and L. graueri. It differs from all other species of the genus by a unique combination of morphological characters, including the highest number of middorsal scale rows (834) and the most extreme elongation (total-length/midbody-width ratio 131) of all species in the genus and of any species of snake in the world; 22-22-22 longitudinal scale rows; snout in dorsal profile rounded, in lateral profile bluntly rounded with an angular horizontal edge ventrally; rostral broad, posteriorly rounded; eyes invisible; supralabial imbrication pattern T-0; tail short (1.3 percent of total length) with an apical spine; and a pink life colouration. The holotype of the new species was collected in gallery forest at a lake shore surrounded by savanna at 1300 m elevation. We produced scanning electron microscope images of the heads of the investigated specimens applying a liquid-substitution preparation procedure which does not require coating or drying and thus does not irreversibly damage the investigated samples. The obtained images allow an easy and more accurate examination of the scalation.
- Published
- 2018
35. Vascular Plant Diversity and Community Structure of Nandi Forests, Western Kenya
- Author
-
Bonny Dumbo, Eberhard Fischer, and Adane Girma
- Subjects
Turraea ,Ecology ,Abundance (ecology) ,Rarefaction (ecology) ,Species diversity ,Plant community ,Species richness ,Vegetation ,Biology ,Transect ,biology.organism_classification - Abstract
The main objective of this study was assessing the species diversity and plant community structure of Nandi forests of Kenya. Seventy six (20 × 20 m) sample plots, of which 27 located in North Nandi and 49 from South Nandi Forest were used to collect vegetation data. Sample plots were established along transects measuring 1.0 to 1.6 km length and adjacent transects were 500 m apart from each other. Abundance data of species was used for species diversity, similarity, species richness estimation and plant community analysis. PC-ORD, CANOCO and Estimates were used to analyze the data. A total of 321 species belonging to 243 genera and 92 families were identified in this study. Out of these, 253 species were recorded in South Nandi and 181 in North Nandi. South Nandi Forest had higher species diversity than that of North Nandi Forest. Three distinct plant communities including; Diospyros abyssinica-Heinsenia diervilleoides, Trilepisium madagascariense-Solanum mauritianum and Turraea holstii - Ehreti...
- Published
- 2015
36. New and noteworthy records of Liverworts (Marchantiopsida) and Hornworts (Anthocerotopsida) for Rwanda
- Author
-
Carolin Thiel and Eberhard Fischer
- Subjects
Geography ,biology ,Marchantiopsida ,Botany ,Plant Science ,biology.organism_classification ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Published
- 2015
37. Isalonactis, a new genus ofRoccellaceae(Arthoniales), from southern Madagascar
- Author
-
Dorothee Killmann, Tahina Razafindrahaja, Damien Ertz, Anders Tehler, Eberhard Fischer, and Emmanuël Sérusiaux
- Subjects
Lecanactis ,biology ,Genus ,Arthoniales ,Botany ,biology.organism_classification ,Crustose ,Arthoniomycetes ,Lichen ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Roccellaceae ,Thallus - Abstract
The new genus and speciesIsalonactis madagascariensisis characterized by a crustose, non-corticate, often sorediate thallus containing psoromic acid, tiny white pruinose ascomata with a thalline margin, an inconspicuous excipulum, a pale brown hypothecium, 3-septate hyaline ascospores and curved filiform conidia. Phylogenetic analyses using nuLSU andRPB2sequences placeIsalonactisin theRoccellaceae, close to the generaLecanactisandChiodecton. The new species was collected on sheltered siliceous rocks in the dry landscape of the Isalo Massif (S Madagascar).Dermatiscum thunbergiiis newly recorded from Madagascar.
- Published
- 2014
38. A pilot workshop on Bryophytes at the National Herbarium (TAN) reveals the presence of seven additional species for Madagascar
- Author
-
Roger Lala Andriamiarisoa, Fara Naniarimino, Alain Vanderpoorten, Catherine Reeb, John C. Brinda, Goudjo-Ameto Abalo-Loko, Peter B. Phillipson, Elisabeth Lavocat-Bernard, Rokiman Letsara, Elodie Boucheron-Dubuisson, Andrea Sass-Gyarmati, Nicholas G. Hodgetts, and Eberhard Fischer
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Neckeraceae ,Leucodontales ,Plagiochilaceae ,Bryophyta ,Plant Science ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Fissidentaceae ,Plantae ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Taxonomy ,Marchantiophyta ,Jungermanniales ,Pottiales ,Biodiversity ,Archaeology ,Bryopsida ,Pottiaceae ,Pterobryaceae ,Geography ,Herbarium ,Taxon ,Jungermanniopsida ,Fissidentales ,Species richness ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Reeb, C., R. Letsara, R.L. Andriamiarisoa, J.C. Brinda, G.-A. Abalo-Loko, E. Boucheron-Dubuisson, E. Fischer, N.G. Hodgetts, E. Lavocat-Bernard, F. Naniarimino, P.B. Phillipson, A. Sass-Gyarmati & A. Vanderpoorten (2019). A pilot workshop on Bryophytes at the Antananarivo Herbarium (TAN) revealed the presence of seven additional species for Madagascar. Candollea 74: 153–158. In English, English and French abstracts.We present a contribution to the knowledge of the Malagasy bryoflora that results from a BRYOTAN workshop organized in September 2018 at the Antananarivo Herbarium (TAN) housed at the Parc Botanique et Zoologique de Tsimbazaza, Antananarivo, Madagascar, within the framework of the BRYOTAN project (Bryophytes of TAN). Seven taxa reported here as new for Madagascar were found among the specimens stored in TAN. These findings illustrate the interest of this sort of initiative, the potential richness of the unstudied material in herbaria, and the necessity of exploring regions that are bryologically poorly known within Madagascar.
- Published
- 2019
39. A new species of Kniphofia (Asphodelaceae) from Nyungwe National Park, Rwanda
- Author
-
Eberhard Fischer and Markus Ackermann
- Subjects
National park ,Synonym ,Botany ,Identification key ,Asphodelaceae ,Plant Science ,Biology ,Kniphofia ,biology.organism_classification ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Abstract
A new species, Kniphofia vandeweghei, is described and illustrated, and the differences with K. princeae , K. goetzei and K. paludosa are discussed. Distribution maps for K. vandeweghei and K. princeae are provided. Kniphofia bequaertii , sometimes regarded as a synonym of K. grantii , is considered to be a good species, and identification characters and distribution information are given. An identification key for all known Kniphofia species from Rwanda is provided.
- Published
- 2019
40. The phylogeny ofLinderniaceae— The new genusLinderniella, and new combinations withinBonnaya, Craterostigma, Lindernia, Micranthemum, ToreniaandVandellia
- Author
-
Bastian Schäferhoff, Kai F. Müller, and Eberhard Fischer
- Subjects
Monophyly ,Torenia ,biology ,Genus ,Polyphyly ,Botany ,Craterostigma ,Willdenowia ,Lamiales ,Plant Science ,biology.organism_classification ,Linderniaceae ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Abstract
Fischer E., Schaferhoff B. & Muller K.: The phylogeny of Linderniaceae - The new genus Linderniella, and new combinations within Bonnaya, Craterostigma, Lindernia, Micranthemum, Torenia and Vandellia. — Willdenowia 43: 209–238. December 2013. — ISSN 0511-9618; © 2013 BGBM Berlin-Dahlem. Stable URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3372/wi.43.43201 The recently described Linderniaceae are a monophyletic group that emerged in the course of the disintegration of the Scrophulariaceae in the last years. First molecular studies sampled only a small fraction of the genera assigned to the Linderniaceae, but later Lindernia was shown to be non-monophyletic. Here we used a plastid trnK/matK sequence dataset to get further insights into the relationships within Linderniaceae. The genus Lindernia as accepted to date is shown to be polyphyletic. Stemodiopsis is found to be sister to the remaining Linderniaceae, and the genera Psammetes and Bryodes are found to be nested in a Lindernia s.str. clade. We present a taxonomic...
- Published
- 2013
41. Two New Species ofDracaena(Asparagaceae, Nolinoideae) from Central Africa, with a Note on the Identity ofD. braunii
- Author
-
Geoffrey Mwachala and Eberhard Fischer
- Subjects
Nolinoideae ,Asparagaceae ,Taxon ,biology ,Botánica ,Botany ,Central africa ,IUCN Red List ,Plant Science ,Perianth ,biology.organism_classification ,Dracaena ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Abstract
Two new species of Dracaena Vand. ex L. (Asparagaceae, Nolinoideae) from Central Africa are here described and illustrated. Dracaena longipetiolata Mwachala & Eb. Fisch. from Gabon is distinguished from D. phrynioides Hook. by its long petioles and elliptic leaves. Dracaena litoralis Mwachala & Eb. Fisch. is described from Cameroon and also occurs in Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, and Congo-Brazzaville. This new taxon differs from D. braunii Engl. by its smaller flowers whose perianth lobes are shorter than the tube. The identity of D. braunii is discussed and its affinity with D. litoralis analyzed.
- Published
- 2013
42. New national and regional bryophyte records, 34
- Author
-
Ryszard Ochyra, Anabela Martins, Alain Vanderpoorten, L. E. Kurbatova, P Górski, César Garcia, Rashmi Gupta, F. Mogro, Ashish Kumar Asthana, Eberhard Fischer, S. Stow, David G. Long, J. Váňa, D. Bell, S Calvo Aranda, Halina Bednarek-Ochyra, Valdon R. Smith, Vinay Sahu, Vijay Nath, N. J. M. Gremmen, Rosalina Gabriel, R. I. Lewis Smith, Leonard T. Ellis, Helena Hespanhol, Cecília Sérgio, and B Cykowska
- Subjects
Geography ,Botany ,Bryophyte ,Forestry ,Plant Science ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Published
- 2013
43. Savoronala, a new genus of Malmideaceae (Lecanorales) from Madagascar with stipes producing sporodochia
- Author
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Dorothee Killmann, Damien Ertz, Eberhard Fischer, Tahina Razafindrahaja, and Emmanuël Sérusiaux
- Subjects
Malmideaceae ,Lecanorales ,biology ,Phylogenetic tree ,Phylogenetics ,Genus ,Botany ,biology.organism_classification ,Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous) ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Lecanoromycetes ,Thallus ,Conidium - Abstract
The new genus and species Savoronala madagascariensis is a lichenized hyphomycete characterized by its pale glaucous placodioid thallus with erect, short but robust stipes apically producing sporodochia with brown, subspherical conidia, whose cells are wrapped around a single chlorococcoid algal cell. Phylogenetic analyses using nuLSU and mtSSU sequences place Savoronala in the Malmideaceae (Lecanorales). The new species was collected on Erica stems and inhabits coastal dunes near Taolanaro (southeast Madagascar). Lecidea floridensis is shown to belong to Malmidea whereas Lecidea cyrtidia and L. plebeja are also resolved in the Malmideaceae. The genus Sporodochiolichen Aptroot & Sipman is reduced into synonymy with Tylophoron.
- Published
- 2012
44. Crab spider association with the Malagasy pitcher plantNepenthes madagascariensis
- Author
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Wilhelm Barthlott, Boris F. Striffler, Katja Rembold, and Eberhard Fischer
- Subjects
Spider ,symbols.namesake ,biology ,Pitcher plant ,Nepenthes madagascariensis ,Ecology ,symbols ,Biodiversity ,biology.organism_classification ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Allee effect - Abstract
Crab spider association with the Malagasy pitcher plant Nepenthes madagascariensis Katja Rembold*, Eberhard Fischer, Boris F. Striffler and Wilhelm Barthlott Institute for Integrated Natural Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Universitatsstrasse 1, 56070, Koblenz, Germany, Nees Institute for Biodiversity of Plants, University of Bonn, Meckenheimer Allee 170, 53115, Bonn, Germany and Poststr. 20, 53909, Zulpich-Nemmenich, Germany
- Published
- 2012
45. Live cell calcium imaging at the single ion hit facility of GSI
- Author
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Kay-Obbe Voss, Guanghua Du, and Bernd Eberhard Fischer
- Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Chemistry ,Cell ,Radiochemistry ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Calcium ,Calcium Measurement ,Calcium in biology ,Cell calcium ,Calcium imaging ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Live cell imaging ,medicine ,Biophysics ,Irradiation ,Instrumentation - Abstract
To study the fast intracellular calcium response after ion irradiation in living mammalian cells, a live cell calcium imaging set-up was constructed at the targeted cell irradiation facility at GSI. This work introduces the live cell calcium imaging system, shows its performance, an example of the ratio-metric calcium measurement and its application to on-line study calcium response to targeted ion irradiation in human cells.
- Published
- 2011
46. Striga magnibracteata (Orobanchaceae) a new species from Guinée and Mali
- Author
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Martin Cheek, Iain Darbyshire, and Eberhard Fischer
- Subjects
Plant ecology ,Bract ,Striga ,Orobanchaceae ,Botany ,Conservation status ,Taxonomy (biology) ,Plant Science ,Biology ,biology.organism_classification ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Abstract
Striga magnibracteata Eb. Fisch. & I. Darbysh. is newly described from the Guinean savannas of eastern Guinee and southwestern Mali. Its affinity to S. klingii (Engl.) Skan, S. dalzielii Hutch. and S. macrantha (Benth.) Benth. is discussed and its conservation status is assessed.
- Published
- 2011
47. Epistemma neuerburgii (Apocynaceae, Periplocoideae): A new epiphytic species from Nyungwe National Park, Rwanda, Africa
- Author
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H.J.T. Venter, A.M. Venter, Eberhard Fischer, Ulrich Meve, and Dorothee Killmann
- Subjects
Africa (Rwanda Uganda) ,Periplocoideae ,Apocynaceae ,biology ,National park ,Ecology ,Epistemma neuerburgii sp. nov ,Plant Science ,Rainforest ,biology.organism_classification ,Geography ,Environmental protection ,Montane ecology ,Epiphyte - Abstract
A new species, Epistemma neuerburgii is described. This species was discovered in the Nyungwe National Park, Rwanda, Tropical Africa during a field investigation of epiphytes in montane rainforest. It was, however, also found in Uganda, in similar environment. E. neuerburgii is the fourth species described for Epistemma, but the other three species are found about 2000 km to the west in Cameroon, Gabon, Ghana, Ivory Coast and Nigeria. E. neuerburgii is an epiphytic climber distinguished by fairly large lanceolate leaves and conspicuous reddish-purple flowers with corolline white, densely hairy corona lobes.
- Published
- 2011
48. Striga barthlottii (Orobanchaceae), a new parasitic species from Morocco
- Author
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Wolfram Lobin, Jens Mutke, and Eberhard Fischer
- Subjects
Striga ,biology ,Orobanchaceae ,Plant morphology ,Botánica ,Botany ,Willdenowia ,Taxonomy (biology) ,Introduced species ,Plant Science ,biology.organism_classification ,Endemism ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Abstract
Fischer E., Lobin W. & Mutke J.: Striga barthlottii (Orobanchaceae), a new parasitic species from Morocco. — Willdenowia 41: 51–56. — Online ISSN 1868-6397; © 2011 BGBM Berlin-Dahlem. doi:10.3372/wi.41.41105 (available via http://dx.doi.org/) Striga barthlottii, a species of the broomrape family (Orobanchaceae) endemic to Morocco and parasitising exclusively on succulent Euphorbia species, is described as new to science and compared with the widespread, polymorphic S. gesnerioides, for which it was previously mistaken.
- Published
- 2011
49. Rediscovery ofBoulengerula fischeri, with notes on its morphology and habitat
- Author
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Harald Hinkel, G. John Measey, Bonny Dumbo, and Eberhard Fischer
- Subjects
Data deficient ,biology ,Ecology ,Range (biology) ,Boulengerula fischeri ,IUCN Red List ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Type specimen ,Type locality ,biology.organism_classification ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Meristics ,Gymnophiona - Abstract
Caecilians remain an enigmatic component of the tropical terrestrial fauna due in part to their cryptic life-history but also to a lack of directed effort towards their study. Many species are known from single specimens associated with poor collection data, which has not facilitated re-collection. Consequently, nearly two thirds of species are currently considered Data Deficient by the IUCN. Boulengerula fischeri was described from a single specimen deposited onto a car by an unknown collector in 1987, and has defied attempts at relocation for nearly 20 years. Herein we describe a collection of 20 individuals from agricultural land immediately outside Cyamudongo Forest in southwestern Rwanda, around 3 km from the type locality. Adults were found to attain a remarkable maximum length of nearly 400 mm despite being only 4.5 mm wide (maximum elongation index of 102). The range of morphometric and meristic measurements taken include those given for the type specimen, featuring mean annular and verte...
- Published
- 2011
50. 690. NYMPHAEA THERMARUM
- Author
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Carlos Magdalena Rodriguez and Eberhard Fischer
- Subjects
biology ,Ecology ,Botany ,Conservation status ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,Nymphaea thermarum - Abstract
Nymphaea thermarum Eb. Fisch. is described and illustrated. Its history, distribution, cultivation, propagation and conservation status are discussed.
- Published
- 2010
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