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1. PACS photometry of the Herschel Reference Survey – far-infrared/submillimetre colours as tracers of dust properties in nearby galaxies

Author

Cortese, L, Fritz, J, Bianchi, S, Boselli, A, Ciesla, L, Bendo, GJ, Boquien, M, Roussel, H, Baes, M, Buat, V, Clemens, M, Cooray, A, Cormier, D, Davies, JI, De Looze, I, Eales, SA, Fuller, C, Hunt, LK, Madden, S, Munoz-Mateos, J, Pappalardo, C, Pierini, D, Rémy-Ruyer, A, Sauvage, M, di Serego Alighieri, S, Smith, MWL, Spinoglio, L, Vaccari, M, and Vlahakis, C

Subjects
galaxies: fundamental parameters, galaxies: ISM, infrared: galaxies, astro-ph.GA, astro-ph.CO, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astronomy & Astrophysics
Abstract

We present Herschel/PACS 100 and 160 μm integrated photometry for the 323 galaxies in the Herschel Reference Survey (HRS), a K-band, volume-limited sample of galaxies in the local Universe. Once combined with the Herschel/SPIRE observations already available, these data make the HRS the largest representative sample of nearby galaxies with homogeneous coverage across the 100-500 μm wavelength range. In this paper, we take advantage of this unique data set to investigate the properties and shape of the far-infrared/submillimetre spectral energy distribution in nearby galaxies. We show that, in the stellar mass range covered by the HRS (8 ≤ log (M*/M⊙) ≤ 12), the far-infrared/submillimetre colours are inconsistent with a single modified blackbody having the same dust emissivity index β for all galaxies. In particular, either β decreases or multiple temperature components are needed, when moving from metal-rich/gas-poor to metal-poor/gas-rich galaxies. We thus investigate how the dust temperature and mass obtained from a single modified blackbody depend on the assumptions made on β. We show that, while the correlations between dust temperature, galaxy structure and star formation rate are strongly model dependent, the dust mass scaling relations are much more reliable, and variations of β only change the strength of the observed trends. © 2014 The Authors Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society.

Published
2014

3. GAS AND DUST IN A SUBMILLIMETER GALAXY AT = 4.24 FROM THE ATLAS

Author

Cox, P, Krips, M, Neri, R, Omont, A, Güsten, R, Menten, KM, Wyrowski, F, Weiß, A, Beelen, A, Gurwell, MA, Dannerbauer, H, Ivison, RJ, Negrello, M, Aretxaga, I, Hughes, DH, Auld, R, Baes, M, Blundell, R, Buttiglione, S, Cava, A, Cooray, A, Dariush, A, Dunne, L, Dye, S, Eales, SA, Frayer, D, Fritz, J, Gavazzi, R, Hopwood, R, Ibar, E, Jarvis, M, Maddox, S, Michałowski, M, Pascale, E, Pohlen, M, Rigby, E, Smith, DJB, Swinbank, AM, Temi, P, Valtchanov, I, van der Werf, P, and de Zotti, G

Published
2011

4. H-ATLAS/GAMA and HeViCS -dusty early-type galaxies in different environments

Author

Agius, NK, di Serego Alighieri, S, Viaene, S, Baes, M, Sansom, AE, Bourne, N, Bland-Hawthorn, J, Brough, S, Davis, TA, De Looze, I, Driver, SP, Dunne, L, Dye, S, Eales, SA, Hughes, TM, Ivison, RJ, Kelvin, LS, Maddox, S, Mahajan, S, Pappalardo, C, Robotham, ASG, Rowlands, K, Temi, P, Valiante, E, Agius, NK, di Serego Alighieri, S, Viaene, S, Baes, M, Sansom, AE, Bourne, N, Bland-Hawthorn, J, Brough, S, Davis, TA, De Looze, I, Driver, SP, Dunne, L, Dye, S, Eales, SA, Hughes, TM, Ivison, RJ, Kelvin, LS, Maddox, S, Mahajan, S, Pappalardo, C, Robotham, ASG, Rowlands, K, Temi, P, and Valiante, E

Abstract

The Herschel Space Observatory has had a tremendous impact on the study of extragalactic dust. Specifically, early-type galaxies (ETG) have been the focus of several studies. In this paper, we combine results from two Herschel studies -a Virgo cluster study Herschel Virgo Cluster Survey (HeViCS) and a broader, low-redshift Herschel-Astrophysical Terahertz Large Area Survey (H-ATLAS)/Galaxy and Mass Assembly (GAMA) study -and contrast the dust and associated properties for similar mass galaxies. This comparison is motivated by differences in results exhibited between multiple Herschel studies of ETG. A comparison between consistent modified blackbody derived dust mass is carried out, revealing strong differences between the two samples in both dust mass and dust-to-stellar mass ratio. In particular, the HeViCS sample lacks massive ETG with as high a specific dust content as found in H-ATLAS. This is most likely connected with the difference in environment for the two samples. We calculate nearest neighbour environment densities in a consistent way, showing that H-ATLAS ETG occupy sparser regions of the local Universe, whereas HeViCS ETG occupy dense regions. This is also true for ETG that are not Herschel-detected but are in the Virgo and GAMA parent samples. Spectral energy distributions are fit to the panchromatic data. From these, we find that in H-ATLAS the specific star formation rate anticorrelates with stellar mass and reaches values as high as in our Galaxy. On the other hand HeViCS ETG appear to have little star formation. Based on the trends found here, H-ATLAS ETG are thought to have more extended star formation histories and a younger stellar population than HeViCS ETG.

Published
2015

5. Mapping the interstellar medium in galaxies with Herschel

Author

Eales, SA, Smith, MWL, Wilson, CD, Bendo, GJ, Cortese, L, Pohlen, M, Boselli, A, Gomez, HL, Auld, R, Baes, Maarten, Barlow, MJ, Bock, JJ, Bradford, M, Buat, V, Castro-Rodriguez, N, Chanial, P, Charlot, S, Ciesla, L, Clements, DL, Cooray, A, Cormier, D, Davies, JI, Dwek, E, Elbaz, D, Galametz, M, Galliano, F, Gear, WK, Glenn, J, Griffin, M, Hony, S, Isaak, KG, Levenson, LR, Lu, N, Madden, S, O'Halloran, B, Okumura, K, Oliver, S, Page, MJ, Panuzzo, P, Papageorgiou, A, Parkin, TJ, Perez-Fournon, I, Rangwala, N, Rigby, EE, Roussel, H, Rykala, A, Sacchi, N, Sauvage, M, Schulz, B, Schirm, MRP, Spinoglio, L, Srinivasan, S, Stevens, JA, Symeonidis, M, Trichas, M, Vaccari, M, Vigroux, L, Wozniak, H, Wright, GS, and Zeilinger, WW

Subjects
abundances [ISM], STAR-FORMATION LAW, ISM [galaxies], extinction, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, CLOUD MASSES, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, ATLAS, I, MOLECULAR GAS, spiral [galaxies], Physics and Astronomy, NEARBY GALAXIES, dust, COLD DUST, EMISSION, SPIRAL GALAXIES, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

The standard method of mapping the interstellar medium in a galaxy, by observing the molecular gas in the CO 1-0 line and the atomic gas in the 21-cm line, is largely limited with current telescopes to galaxies in the nearby universe. In this letter, we use SPIRE observations of the galaxies M99 and M100 to explore the alternative approach of mapping the interstellar medium using the continuum emission from the dust. We have compared the methods by measuring the relationship between the star-formation rate and the surface density of gas in the galaxies using both methods. We find the two methods give relationships with a similar dispersion, confirming that observing the continuum emission from the dust is a promising method of mapping the interstellar medium in galaxies.

Published
2010

6. Studies of a sample of 6C radio galaxies at redshift one, I -- Deep multi-frequency radio observations

Author

Best, PN, Eales, SA, Rawlings, S, ottgering, HJAR, and Longair, MS

Subjects
Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics (astro-ph), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

Deep radio observations at 5 and 8 GHz are presented of a complete sample of 11 radio galaxies with redshifts 0.85 < z < 1.5, selected from the 6C sample of Eales. The radio data, taken using the VLA in A, B and C array configurations, provide a best angular resolution of 0.25'' and reach an rms noise level of order 20 microJy. Radio core candidates are detected in 8 of the 11 sources. 9 of the 11 sources display deviations from `standard double radio source' morphologies, with multiple hotspots or a hotspot withdrawn from the leading edge of the radio emission. The sources are typically polarised at the 5 to 15% level. The mean rotation measures of the individual lobes are less than 50 rad/m^2 but strong asymmetries between the two lobes indicate that the Faraday rotation does not have a Milky Way origin; rather, the distant 6C radio sources lie in a relatively dense clumpy environment. The sources are compared with the more radio powerful distant 3CR radio galaxies and with low redshift sources. The ratio of core to extended radio flux is almost independent of the radio source size and only weakly inversely correlated with the total radio power. This indicates that the high radio luminosity of the most powerful radio sources must originate in the AGN, in contrast to the suggestion that they are so luminous only due to confinement by a dense surrounding environment. Environmental effects play a secondary role. (Abridged), 31 pages LaTeX (of which 22 pages of figures). Accepted for publication in MNRAS

Published
1998

8. First results from HerMES on the evolution of the submillimetre luminosity function

Author

Simon Dye, Bruno Altieri, V. Buat, Walter Kieran Gear, Antonio Cava, Rob Ivison, S. C. Madden, Jamie Stevens, C. D. Dowell, N. Castro-Rodriguez, Tom Babbedge, Asantha Cooray, Angela M. J. Mortier, A. Boselli, Robbie Richard Auld, D. Elbaz, G. E. Morrison, Robyn L. Ward, Andrew Blain, Nick Seymour, Gwenifer Raymond, K. Xu, Michael Pohlen, Duncan Farrah, L. Vigroux, Frazer N. Owen, Dimitra Rigopoulou, Isaac Roseboom, Lucia Marchetti, I. Perez-Fournon, Maurilio Pannella, Michael Rowan-Robinson, E. Dwek, David L. Shupe, G. Mainetti, Luca Conversi, D. Rizzo, Matthew Joseph Griffin, K. E. Tugwell, H. Aussel, V. Arumugam, Stephen Anthony Eales, Chris Pearson, A. Conley, Lingyu Wang, M. Trichas, M. Sanchez Portal, Douglas Scott, M. J. Page, Alberto Franceschini, Evanthia Hatziminaoglou, Denis Burgarella, M. Fox, Edo Ibar, Bruno Maffei, A. Amblard, Mattia Vaccari, V. Strazzullo, Michael Zemcov, P. Chanial, J. J. Bock, L. R. Levenson, Hien Nguyen, Nanyao Y. Lu, M. Symeonidis, Benjamin L. Schulz, David L. Clements, Drew Brisbin, Jason Glenn, Gillian S. Wright, Andreas Papageorgiou, C. J. Lonsdale, J.-S. Huang, P. Panuzzo, Seb Oliver, A. Omont, B. O'Halloran, I. Valtchanov, Martin Harwit, A. J. Smith, E. A. González Solares, Jonathan Rawlings, K. G. Isaak, Guilaine Lagache, Eales, Sa, Raymond, G, Roseboom, Ig, Altieri, B, Amblard, A, Arumugam, V, Auld, R, Aussel, H, Babbedge, T, Blain, A, Bock, J, Boselli, A, Brisbin, D, Buat, V, Burgarella, D, Castro-Rodriguez, N, Cava, A, Chanial, P, Clements, Dl, Conley, A, Conversi, L, Cooray, A, Dowell, Cd, Dwek, E, Dye, S, Elbaz, D, Farrah, D, Fox, M, Franceschini, A, Gear, W, Glenn, J, Solares, Eag, Griffin, M, Harwit, M, Hatziminaoglou, E, Huang, J, Ibar, E, Isaak, K, Ivison, Rj, Lagache, G, Levenson, L, Lonsdale, Cj, Lu, N, Madden, S, Maffei, B, Mainetti, G, Marchetti, L, Morrison, Ge, Mortier, Amj, Nguyen, Ht, O'Halloran, B, Oliver, Sj, Omont, A, Owen, Fn, Page, Mj, Pannella, M, Panuzzo, P, Papageorgiou, A, Pearson, Cp, Perez-Fournon, I, Pohlen, M, Rawlings, Ji, Rigopoulou, D, Rizzo, D, Rowan-Robinson, M, Portal, M, Schulz, B, Scott, D, Seymour, N, Shupe, Dl, Smith, Aj, Stevens, Ja, Strazzullo, V, Symeonidis, M, Trichas, M, Tugwell, Ke, Vaccari, M, Valtchanov, I, Vigroux, L, Wang, L, Ward, R, Wright, G, Xu, Ck, Zemcov, M, Observatoire Astronomique de Marseille Provence (OAMP), Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Corporation (CFHT), National Research Council of Canada (NRC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-University of Hawai'i [Honolulu] (UH), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics, submillimeter: galaxies, Spiral galaxy, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Significant part, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Redshift, Spire, Stars, Space and Planetary Science, galaxies: high-redshift, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], galaxies: formation, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, galaxies: evoluton, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Luminosity function (astronomy), QB, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We have carried out two extremely deep surveys with SPIRE, one of the two cameras on Herschel, at 250 microns, close to the peak of the far-infrared background. We have used the results to investigate the evolution of the rest-frame 250-micron luminosity function out to z=2. We find evidence for strong evolution out to a redshift of around 1 but evidence for at most weak evolution beyond this redshift. Our results suggest that a significant part of the stars and metals in the Universe today were formed at z, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Herschel Special Issue, in press as a Letter; 5 pages

Published
2016
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