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Your search keyword '"Eaglesham, Geoff"' showing total 172 results
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172 results on '"Eaglesham, Geoff"'

2. The Effects of Atrazine, Diuron, Fluazifop-P-butyl, Haloxyfop-P-methyl, and Pendimethalin on Soil Microbial Activity and Diversity

Author

Dennis, Paul G., Kukulies, Tegan, Forstner, Christian, Plisson, Fabien, Eaglesham, Geoff, Pattison, Anthony B., Dennis, Paul G., Kukulies, Tegan, Forstner, Christian, Plisson, Fabien, Eaglesham, Geoff, and Pattison, Anthony B.

Abstract

Understanding the impacts of herbicides on soil microbial communities is important, as these organisms mediate a wide range of ecosystem services. Here, we investigated whether the diversity and function of soil microbial communities were significantly influenced by one-off applications of atrazine, diuron, fluazifop-P-butyl, haloxyfop-P-methyl and pendimethalin as pure compounds at their recommended doses over multiple time points (1, 3, 7, 14, 30 and 60 days). Phylogenetic marker gene sequencing revealed that none of the herbicides influenced the numbers of bacterial and archaeal taxa or the evenness of their abundances. Similarly, none of the herbicides influenced the composition of bacterial and archaeal communities, except for diuron, fluazifop-P-methyl and pendimethalin, which were associated with larger relative abundances of a small number of OTUs on day 30 only. Functionally, none of the herbicides significantly influenced fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis (FDA) and beta-glucosidase activities or the induced respiratory responses of soil microbial communities to a range of substrates. These data indicate that the active herbicide ingredients tested may have minimal non-target effects when applied once at their recommended dose. Given their frequent use, it is important to next consider whether these herbicides have more pronounced effects at higher doses and application frequencies.

Published
2023

5. Characterization of glyphosate and AMPA concentrations in the urine of Australian and New Zealand populations

Author

Campbell, Garth, primary, Mannetje, Andrea, additional, Keer, Samuel, additional, Eaglesham, Geoff, additional, Wang, Xianyu, additional, Lin, Chun-Yin, additional, Hobson, Peter, additional, Toms, Leisa-Maree, additional, Douwes, Jeroen, additional, Thomas, Kevin V., additional, Mueller, Jochen F., additional, and Kaserzon, Sarit, additional

Published
2022
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13. Determination of anabasine, anatabine, and nicotine biomarkers in wastewater by enhanced direct injection LC-MS/MS and evaluation of their in-sewer stability

Author

Zheng, Qiuda, primary, Eaglesham, Geoff, additional, Tscharke, Benjamin J., additional, O'Brien, Jake W., additional, Li, Jiaying, additional, Thompson, Jack, additional, Shimko, Katja M., additional, Reeks, Tim, additional, Gerber, Cobus, additional, Thomas, Kevin V., additional, and Thai, Phong K., additional

Published
2020
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19. Mechanism of action of fotemustine, a new chloroethylnitrosourea anticancer agent: evidence for the formation of two DNA-reactive intermediates contributing to cytotoxicity

Author

Hayes, Mark T., Bartley, John, Parsons, Peter G., Eaglesham, Geoff K., and Prakash, Arungundrum S.

Subjects
DNA -- Analysis, Antineoplastic agents -- Analysis, Biological sciences, Chemistry
Abstract

The mechanism involving the highly reactive 2-chloroethyldiazohydroxide as intermediates with differing cytotoxic properties was determined. Electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry of antimelanoma agent fotemustine (FM) showed that FM catabolizes to generate short-lived intermediate, 2-chloroethydiazohydroxide, which stimulated the drug's activity. It was also found that the presence of two DNA-reactive helices were important in the biological activity.

Published
1997

30. The effect of ongoing blood loss on human serum concentrations of perfluorinated acids

Author

Lorber, Matthew, Eaglesham, Geoff, Hobson, Peter, Toms, Leisa-Maree, Mueller, Jochen, Thompson, Jack, Lorber, Matthew, Eaglesham, Geoff, Hobson, Peter, Toms, Leisa-Maree, Mueller, Jochen, and Thompson, Jack

Abstract

Perfluorinated alkyl acids (PFAAs) have been detected in serum at low concentrations in background populations. Higher concentrations haven been observed in adult males compared to females, with a possible explanation that menstruation offers females an additional elimination route. In this study, we examined the significance of blood loss as an elimination route of PFAAs. Pooled serum samples were collected from individuals undergoing a medical procedure involving ongoing blood withdrawal called venesection. Concentrations from male venesection patients were approximately 40% lower than males in the general population for perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS), perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). A simple pharmacokinetic model was used to test the hypothesis that blood loss could explain why adult males have higher concentrations of PFAAs than females, and why males undergoing venesections had lower concentrations compared to males in the general population. The model application generally supported these hypotheses showing that venesection might reduce blood serum concentrations by 37% (PFOA) and 53% (PFOS) compared to the observed difference of 44% and 37%. Menstruation was modeled to show a 22% reduction in PFOA serum concentrations compared to a 24% difference in concentrations between males and females in the background population. Uncertainties in the modeling and the data are identified and discussed.

Published
2015

37. The use of a nitroxide probe in DMSO to capture free radicals in particulate pollution

Author

Stevanovic, Svetlana, Miljevic, Branka, Eaglesham, Geoff, Bottle, Steven, Ristovski, Zoran, Fairfull-Smith, Kathryn, Stevanovic, Svetlana, Miljevic, Branka, Eaglesham, Geoff, Bottle, Steven, Ristovski, Zoran, and Fairfull-Smith, Kathryn

Abstract

A profluorescent nitroxide was used to evaluate the oxidative potential of pollution derived from a compression ignition engine fuelled with biodiesel. The reaction products responsible for the observed fluorescence increase when a DMSO solution of nitroxide was exposed to biodiesel exhaust were determined by using HPLC/MS. The main fluorescent species was identified as a methanesulfonamide adduct arising from the reaction of the nitroxide with DMSO-derived sulfoxyl radicals.

Published
2012

38. Application of a novel phytotoxicity assay for the detection of herbicides in Hervey Bay and the Great Sandy Straits

Author

Bengston-Nash, Susan, Bengston-Nash, Susan, Mcmahon, Kathryn, Eaglesham, Geoff, Muller, Joachin, Bengston-Nash, Susan, Bengston-Nash, Susan, Mcmahon, Kathryn, Eaglesham, Geoff, and Muller, Joachin

Abstract

A novel phytotoxicity assay was incorporated into an environmental assessment of Hervey Bay and the Great Sandy Straits, to investigate the role of run-off associated herbicides in the deteriorated health of intertidal seagrass meadows. Dose response curves of common herbicides were performed and their toxicity equivalents elucidated to assist in analysis. The results of the assay were reproducible and corresponded strongly with results of chemical analyses. The incorporation of the assay into the assessment of surface waters added an important aspect to the study by allowing investigation of the toxicity of cumulative herbicide concentrations and yielding biologically relevant data. The highest herbicide concentration detected during the study was equivalent to 0.23 μg l−1 diuron; a concentration known to inhibit photosynthetic efficiency of the assay biomaterial by approximately 3%.

Published
2005

45. Application of the neuroblastoma assay for paralytic shellfish poisons to neurotoxic freshwater cyanobacteria: Interlaboratory calibration and comparison with other methods of analysis

Author

Humpage, Andrew R., primary, Ledreux, Aurélie, additional, Fanok, Stella, additional, Bernard, Cécile, additional, Briand, Jean‐François, additional, Eaglesham, Geoff, additional, Papageorgiou, John, additional, Nicholson, Brenton, additional, and Steffensen, Dennis, additional

Published
2007
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