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This paper investigates publication strategies of the most distinguished local government researchers in eight European countries. Drawing upon dependency theory, accumulative advantage theory and 'utility maximizing' theory, we compare publication strategies of scholars from countries that vary in terms of the distance from the core of academic knowledge production, also taking into consideration their career length (academic age). The two publication strategies compared are international visibility and domestic visibility. The analysis confirmed the hypothesis that younger scholars are more prone to adopt internationalization strategy which has been institutionally incentivized by NPM reforms. However, the difference among core, catching‐up and peripheral countries is not as sizeable as expected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on a newly discovered manuscript fragment of Kafka's "A Hunger-Artist," referred to as the "Man-Eater" variant, which highlights the complexities of Kafka's unpublished works and their publication history. Topics include the relationship between the fragment and its published counterpart and the implications of this fragment for contemporary Kafka scholarship, particularly in terms of identity, colonial discourse, and textual integrity.

Copyright of Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki is the property of Polska Akademia Nauk, Instytut Historii Nauki and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study reports on the implementation of institutional repositories (IRs) at regional public universities (RPUs) in the United States and its territories. The author investigated repository platform choice, operation style, and content. More than half of RPUs have implemented an IR. The author discusses how these findings align with trends in previous research and explores the unique aspects of IRs at RPUs--particularly the prevalence of student works and special collections materials. For over two decades, institutional repositories (IRs) have been used at institutions of higher education to collect, preserve, and share the scholarly works of an institution. During that same time there have been an increasing number of studies looking at who has implemented an IR, the most popular IR platforms, and type and number of objects deposited in IRs. While some studies have looked at small or teaching-focused institutions, most of these studies have focused on IR implementations at large research-focused institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the exponential increase in scientific publications, new conceptual and technological tools are needed to help scientists, students, managers and policy-makers to navigate and digest current scientific knowledge. Hi Knowledge is an initiative to synthesise and visualise scientific knowledge, with an initial focus on invasion biology that is currently expanding to include urban ecology, restoration ecology and freshwater ecology. In a workshop on 5-6 June 2023 in Berlin, Germany, we discussed and tested a collection of new open tools related to this initiative in order to publish, curate, explore and synthesise concepts and results in ecology. Three main themes were discussed during in-person breakout group sessions: (1) building and using open tools for knowledge curation, exploration and synthesis; (2) making open knowledge searchable and machine friendly by improving modelling and annotation of scientific knowledge; and (3) extending beyond the field of invasion biology. We report on the discussions of all twelve sessions pertaining to these themes. A main underlying goal of our workshop was to build a community of scientists involved in openly co-designing and using these tools. Overall, the participants were enthusiastic about the usefulness of these tools and discussions gravitated around improving them and finding strategies to scale-up participation by the community. Followup user tests and publications are planned for individual tools and topics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cahiers Elisabethains: A Biannual Journal of English Renaissance Studies is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article analyses the growth of scientific and technological activities worldwide, attempting to assess whether there are "convergence" or "divergence" scenarios in the international distribution of knowledge in science and technology between 1996 and 2018. It is within this framework that the cases of Brazil and Portugal are considered. We conclude that despite there is a decrease in the relative international divergence both for scientific publication and new technology production, absolute distance between countries has increased. In relation to Brazil and Portugal, although it appears that each country followed a distinct trajectory, both present a higher dynamic in the production of scientific knowledge comparatively to technological knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the establishment of a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) between the Zero Project Foundation and academic institutions, aiming to deepen research on the discovery of the number zero. Topics include cooperation in joint research projects, participation in academic events, and the establishment of an Expertise Center on Zero to foster scientific collaboration and exchange.

On the basis of three selected pieces from a 1991 acquisition documented by both the collector and the museum, it is shown that many of the approximately 60 puppets from Mali within the collection KOLK 17 in Lübeck are presumably set pieces from movable animal puppet stages, a special form of costume puppets that only exists in Mali. It is demonstrated that the terms ascribed to the puppets often do not do justice to the performing objects, since they only describe individual elements and do not take the actual performative action into account. Particularly in the case of those puppets that are animated by the physical movement of the puppet player--as is the case with costume puppets--a fragmentary view of the performing objects leads to an enormous loss of meaning. The complexity of moving animal puppet stages is demonstrated by a presentation of their versatile performance techniques and stage contexts. How the puppets from Mali within the collection KOLK 17 were actually played could not be conclusively clarified. Nevertheless, the objects could be extended to include possible contexts of use and meaning: these contexts are essential for further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vsevolod Ivanov’s understudied novel У (1933) grasps the development of a non- Freudian psychic economy that grew from German psychiatrist Emil Kraepelin’s research on mental illness at the beginning of the twentieth century. The novel’s economic postulations are as much a reflection of Stalin’s planned economy as they are a commentary about the new kind of psychological metrics, which contained analogous possibilities for inflation, deflation, and speculation in the process of “psychic reconstruction” (psikhicheskaia peredelka) needed to make the New Soviet Man. In this article, I rely on Ivanov’s work as a provocation for a new kind of reading within the Medical Humanities. I show that У’s emphasis on psychiatric subject matter says less about the validity of a particular psychiatric diagnosis than it does about the national, ideological, and scientifico-historical conditions that governed psychiatry’s formation and conditioned its entry into medicine. While this approach may yield a fresh take on Ivanov’s little-known and untranslated novel, it also makes a larger bid for treating the Russian Medical Humanities as an opportunity to explore how changing national boundaries, networks of scientific exchange, and models of disciplinarity are inseparable—not incidental—to the formation of medical concepts, themselves indebted to processes of narration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author talks about his plans to open a bookstore and arts space to extend the meanings of the creative and the critical. Topics discussed include an approach to creative-critical practice that reflects on what it means to engage in acts of experimental research-creation, the author's proposal to open a bookstore and not a free space for book exchanges, and his own creative-critical work of bibliophile research-creation.

From the point where the protagonist’s father gives his son permission to become a writer, several interventions by a fictive reader can be located in Proust’s novel; they could express the opinions and objections of the author’s father about literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on the level of international scientific publication by Kazakhstani researchers, and considers the problem of access to international scientific resources in Kazakhstan, a developing country. Key areas of the discussion are Kazakhstan's strategic plans and policies regarding science, roles of international publishers in science, and the relationship between international publishers and the government of Kazakhstan. The article bears the informative meaning and has no research and findings. However, this is a good start point for the author and other Kazakhstani library and information professionals to study the subject more deeply and propose solutions for the good of all. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

A primary impact metric for institutional repositories (IR) is the number of file downloads, which are commonly measured through third-party Web analytics software. Google Analytics, a free service used by most academic libraries, relies on HTML page tagging to log visitor activity on Google's servers. However, Web aggregators such as Google Scholar link directly to high value content (usually PDF files), bypassing the HTML page and failing to register these direct access events. This article presents evidence of a study of four institutions demonstrating that the majority of IR activity is not counted by page tagging Web analytics software, and proposes a practical solution for significantly improving the reporting relevancy and accuracy of IR performance metrics using Google Analytics. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This article presents the meanings that a group of international experts attribute to altmetrics as instruments of scientific evaluation and components of a future Science, Technology and Innovation (STI) Policy in Latin America. A descriptive qualitative methodology is applied and information is collected through semi-structured interviews with researchers from Chile, Argentina, Peru, Colombia, Spain, and the United States; experts in altmetrics; information metrics and/or information policies. The results show that altmetrics strengthen their value when analyzed together with other indicators, since they do not measure the impact or quality of research on their own, but provide novel and relevant data of rapid accumulation, broad disciplinary scope and diverse origin, promoting the use of new channels of scientific communication. Some of the most useful altmetrics indicators are the mentions to public policies, invention patents, and social platforms of high use in the region, such as Facebook, Twitter, and Mendeley; indicators of linkage with the environment, peer review, and other qualitative criteria are also relevant. It is recommended to integrate quantitative and qualitative criteria into Latin American STI policies, which should also be adjusted to local realities and budgets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Some people hold beliefs that are opposed to overwhelming scientific evidence. Such misperceptions can be harmful to both personal and societal well-being. Communicating scientific consensus has been found to be effective in eliciting scientifically accurate beliefs, but it is unclear whether it is also effective in correcting false beliefs. Here, we show that a strategy that boosts people's understanding of and ability to identify scientific consensus can help to correct misperceptions. In three experiments with more than 1,500 U.S. adults who held false beliefs, participants first learned the value of scientific consensus and how to identify it. Subsequently, they read a news article with information about a scientific consensus opposing their beliefs. We found strong evidence that in the domain of genetically engineered food, this two-step communication strategy was more successful in correcting misperceptions than merely communicating scientific consensus. The data suggest that the current approach may not work for misperceptions about climate change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Historia del Derecho is the property of Instituto de Investigaciones de Historia del Derecho and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Strong US-China collaboration on health and medicine is a crucial element of the global effort against COVID-19. We review the history of health collaboration and exchanges between the public and private sectors in the USA and China, including the long-lasting collaboration between governmental public health agencies of the two countries. Academic and scientific exchanges should be reinvigorated and the increasing valuable role of non-profit foundations acknowledged. The shared interests of the two countries and the magnitude of the pandemic necessitate both countries to collaborate and cooperate. We provide recommendations to the two governments and the global health community to control the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and prepare for future threats. TRANSLATION: For the Chinese translation of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An extensive literature on the cultural Cold War has shown that winning the hearts and minds of rival populations distinguished the conflict as an ideological contest. Yet the question of how ideology influenced the tracking of cross-bloc travellers in cultural and scientific exchanges remains largely unexplored. This article examines Canada's ideological approach to screening and monitoring visitors from communist countries along with its covert interest in collecting foreign intelligence from visits to the Eastern bloc. By analysing declassified documents from Canada's security service, this article argues that transnational surveillance allowed the Canadian government to imprint its own vision of Cold War mobility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper, of theoretical and pedagogical nature, discusses the relevance of the Portuguese language in Brazil and in the world, through statistical data, and emphasizes its role as an additional language, as a point of cultural, commercial, and economic exchange. It addresses, as a second topic, concepts about education for global citizenship, and presents that used in the teaching practice of the authors in a university context, namely, that of encouraging local and global coexistence and cooperative learning. Finally, it discusses the discipline Portuguese as an Additional Language for international students attending postgraduate studies at an HEI in the south of Brazil, highlighting actions that seek to contribute to the exchange of critical scientific thinking inserted in a plurilingual and multicultural environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Avances is the property of Instituto de Informacion Cientifica y Tecnologica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Automatically identifying chemical and drug names in scientific publications advances information access for this important class of entities in a variety of biomedical disciplines by enabling improved retrieval and linkage to related concepts. While current methods for tagging chemical entities were developed for the article title and abstract, their performance in the full article text is substantially lower. However, the full text frequently contains more detailed chemical information, such as the properties of chemical compounds, their biological effects and interactions with diseases, genes and other chemicals. We therefore present the NLM-Chem corpus, a full-text resource to support the development and evaluation of automated chemical entity taggers. The NLM-Chem corpus consists of 150 full-text articles, doubly annotated by ten expert NLM indexers, with ~5000 unique chemical name annotations, mapped to ~2000 MeSH identifiers. We also describe a substantially improved chemical entity tagger, with automated annotations for all of PubMed and PMC freely accessible through the PubTator web-based interface and API. The NLM-Chem corpus is freely available. Measurement(s) chemical entity • textual entity • Annotation Technology Type(s) expert manual annotation • digital curation • machine learning Machine-accessible metadata file describing the reported data: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.13486839 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current paper discusses one of the forms of corruption in scientific publishing related to what it called academic blackmail, in light of what the recent period has witnessed of the great spread of electronic publishing, and many demand that all published research be made available to all researchers around the world free of charge through (Free Online Access). Some weakminded people exploited the need of colleagues for international and rapid scientific publishing, and they created many fake websites (Fake Scientific Journals / Publishers) on the Internet with bright names such as global periodicals that accept the publication of research in exchange for payment of heavy financial expenses that burden researchers, without observing the rules of scientific publishing from Reviewing and judging those researches or taking into account the quality of publishing, and some establishing forums containing lists of the names of these sites and calling everyone not to publish in them, and some at the same time blackmailing magazines and their boards of directors and threatening them to publish the names of their journals in that list, which required bringing them to trial and closing their blogs And warning them, not communicating with them, not responding to their blackmail, and informing the legal authorities, and the study evidenced that in the case of the resounding Predator Jeffrey Beall's blog. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The New Testament texts were fermented by the interaction between Greco-Roman culture and Jewish tradition, assimilating literary resource from Greco-Roman world, but not simply being an imitation. This article sets the Gospel of John and Odyssey as examples, centering on epistemology, and initiating a dialogue between these two texts. Both are narratives about the return of a king, and his encounters with his own people, but Odysseus is finally recognized by all, while only several disciples, know about Jesus. In these two texts, cognitive activities are connected with the action "see" and the scene of anagnorisis is utilized to represent the issue of epistemology. Homer advocates the view of "seeing is believing', demonstrating the transitory stage between mythos and logos in Ancient Greece. Nonetheless, the Fourth Evangelist challenges this way of knowing. In sum. dialogue between New Testament and Greco-Roman literature contributes to tracing the origins of Christian literature and highlights the literary value of the New Testament. Meanwhile, it can stimulate the exchange between literary and social historical studies in the field of Early Christianity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Twenty years ago the Molecular Approaches to Malaria conference was conceived as a forum to present the very latest advances in malaria research and to consolidate and forge new collaborative links between international researchers. The 6th MAM conference, held in February 2020 in Australia, provided 5 days of stimulating scientific exchange and highlighted the incredible malaria research conducted globally that is providing the critical knowledge and cutting‐edge technological tools needed to control and ultimately eliminate malaria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Changzhou University (Social Science Edition) is the property of Editorial Department of Journal of Changzhou University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The purpose of this paper was to explore the reading literacy programs of Indonesian primary schools and examine the parent–teacher collaborations in dealing with the students’ reading literacy development in Bahasa Indonesia. Eight teachers with an average of five-year teaching experience from two primary schools and forty-six parents of four-grade students were interviewed to investigate the reading literacy practices and parent–teacher collaborations. The study revealed that the reading literacy practices in the investigated classroom or at school levels includes 15-minute reading before the lesson, story-sharing, book content rewriting, and book summary writing. Book swap or book exchange program, classroom mini library, and weekly library visit some activities used to facilitate the students’ reading development. Regarding the parent–teacher partnership in facilitating or monitoring students’ reading literacy development, parent–teacher conferences (where teachers and parents discussed issues regarding students’ behaviour, progress and achievement), parenting and literacy workshop and outreach activities were conducted. In addition, parent–teacher communication books and parent–teacher online social media groups were also found to be effective and efficient in monitoring and developing students’ reading literacy. All teachers generally agreed that active parental support towards children’s education brought about children’s academic achievement. Some challenges in literacy development and their pedagogical implication at primary education level were also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scientifically informed climate policymaking starts with the exchange of credible, salient, and legitimate scientific information between scientists and policymakers. It is therefore important to understand what explains the exchange of scientific information in national climate policymaking processes. This article applies exponential random graph models to network data from the Czech Republic, Finland, Ireland, and Portugal to investigate which types of organizations are favored sources of scientific information and whether actors obtain scientific information from those with similar beliefs as their own. Results show that scientific organizations are favored sources in all countries, while only in the Czech Republic do actors obtain scientific information from those with similar policy beliefs. These findings suggest that actors involved in climate policymaking mostly look to scientific organizations for information, but that in polarized contexts where there is a presence of influential denialists overcoming biased information exchange is a challenge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of IBEROAMERICANA. América Latina - España - Portugal is the property of Vervuert Verlag and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Babylon Center for Humanities Studies is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Opuntia Brava is the property of Universidad de Ciencias Pedagogicas de Las Tunas, Centro de Documentacion e Informacion Pedagogica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Harmful cyanobacterial blooms (CyanoHABs) are a rapidly proliferating global problem, threatening the use and sustainability of our freshwater resources. In recent decades, the United States, China, and other developed and developing countries threatened by CyanoHAB expansion have established collaborative efforts aimed at mitigating and managing this environmental and human health problem. However, an escalating negative political climate and restrictive policies on scientific exchange threaten these efforts. In this Perspective, I point to progress that has been made to counter the CyanoHAB problem on U.S.–Chinese fronts through our collaborations, which have been mutually beneficial from research and academic perspectives. Much like global efforts now needed to control pandemics, we are all "in the same boat" when to comes to countering the threat CyanoHABs pose for drinkable, swimmable, and fishable freshwater supplies and human health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Expedited development programs for biological products to be used in the treatment of serious conditions bring about challenges because of the compressed clinical development timeframes. As expedited development does not lessen the quality expectations, one challenge is providing adequate chemistry, manufacturing, and control (CMC) information required to support approval of a biological product. In particular, the analytical comparability and, in some cases, pharmacokinetic comparability studies needed to bridge the clinical material to the commercial material could delay submission of applications for life-saving medicines. While there is the International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) Topic Q5E guidance on assessing comparability of biological products before and after manufacturing changes, specific guidance on the emerging issue of conducting comparability exercises in the face of expedited drug development is lacking. In July 2019, clinical pharmacologists and product quality chemists from the US FDA and industry representatives convened an FDA workshop for a scientific exchange about considerations and challenges around conducting comparability exercises for expedited programs for biological products. This article highlights discussions from the workshop. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Confluenze. Rivista di Studi Iberoamericani is the property of Universita di Bologna, Dipartimento di Lingue, Letterature e Culture Moderne and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Analyzing the sociology in Central and Eastern Europe before and after the Great Change in 1989, the article aims to present the main epistemological questions that Post-Western sociology raises for the discipline of sociology as a whole. The focus is put on a paradoxical feature in the development of sociology in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe: before 1989, under conditions of Marxist monoparadigmality, relative isolation of scientific cognition, and political and ideological pressure, sociological research in these countries was characterized by methodological rigor and conceptual innovativeness, while after 1989, in the context of institutionalized plurality of paradigms (polyparadigmality), and intensive scientific exchange, the dominant tendency is—for social scientists in the countries in question—to borrow methodologies, theories, and concepts from the Western sociological tradition, without analyzing the epistemic relevance of these loans with regard to the societies in which they are applied. This paradox is examined in terms of sociological production in two research fields: the general sociological theory of society and sociology of youth. Comparing studies and analyses carried out in these two fields in Central and Eastern Europe before and after the Great Change, the article demonstrates that Post-Western sociology is a valid research posture for a wide variety of sociological practices regardless of the concrete national, theoretical, or institutional frameworks in which researchers are working. Sensitivity to the context of research is what permits Post-Western sociology to eliminate cognitive hierarchies and inequalities and restores the epistemic autonomy of each cognitive practice, emphasizing the inevitable cultural variations in the interpretation of one and the same phenomenon and the impact of these variations on methodology. In this sense, Post-Western sociology raises important epistemological problems regarding the relationship between maintaining the disciplinary principles of sociological knowledge on the one hand, and the application of those principles in different epistemic contexts on the other hand. The main question could be formulated as follows: how does Post-Western sociology enrich the deontological and epistemological principles of the discipline and in what way does it contribute to developing its scientific project? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reading, writing, publishing, and publicly presenting scientific works are vital for a young researcher's profile building and career development. Generally, the traditional educational curricula do not offer training possibilities to learn and practice how to prepare, write, and present scientific works. These are rather a part of lab meeting activities in research groups. The lack of such training is more critical in some developing countries because this adds to the rare opportunities to discuss and become involved in the exchanges on state of the art scientific literature. Here the authors relate their experience in introducing a weekly 1‐day lab meeting in the framework of two previously organized 3‐month courses on "Bioinformatics and Genome Analyses". The main activities which are developed during these lab meetings include scientific literature follow up as well as preparing and presenting oral and written scientific reviews. These activities prove to be useful for a student's self‐confidence building, for enhancing their active participation during the lectures and practical sessions, as well as for the positive impact on running the whole course program. Incorporation of such lab meeting activities in the course program significantly improves the capacity building of the participants, their analytical and critical reading of scientific literature, as well as communication skills. In this work it is shown how to proceed with the different steps involved in the implementation of lab meeting activities, and to recommend their regular institution in similar courses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Scandinavian Society for Immunology (SSI) was established with the purpose to advance the study of immunology in Scandinavia and to facilitate contacts between individuals and laboratories working within the field. To fulfill this the Society should organize scientific meetings and laboratory courses and take any other measure to support the development of immunology. A second objective was to establish contact and scientific exchange with other societies in Europe and overseas. By joining five national societies from the Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden) into one umbrella society this has given SSI a more powerful voice in international organizations such as European Federation of Immunological Societies (EFIS) and International Union of Immunological Societies (IUIS). The Scandinavian Foundation for Immunology and the Scandinavian Journal of Immunology has greatly facilitated the annual meetings to be of international high quality and by attracting more participants. Thus, SSI provides a forum for Nordic immunologists to share their research results and to increase collaboration over the borders. In conclusion, the SSI has undoubtedly been and will hopefully continue to be a major strength for Scandinavian immunology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article considers the role of trans- and interdisciplinary methodology in the interpretation of modern knowledge and understanding of the subject of municipal law of Ukraine. The author's definition of trans- and interdisciplinary approaches to the explanation of the components of the concept and subject of municipal law is given. The article aims to substantiate objective approaches to the integration of sciences, which can be defined on the basis of analysis of the process of autonomy of scientific knowledge by all humanities and other sciences, understanding the features and patterns of disciplinary development of the science of local self-government, analysis of the processes of allocation in the frame of legal science of municipal law as a branch of law. Trans- and interdisciplinary approaches that ensure the integration of scientific knowledge of local government at the design stage of scientific and legal research are scrutinized as achieving mutual exchange of scientific results and, finally, the interconnected development of certain branches of scientific knowledge and new science field, which is formed in the process of mutual exchange of information on local self-government. The concept of "interdisciplinarity" in the article is used in different meanings and contexts, mainly as a tool in relation to the subject of research - local government. The author defines the ontological and epistemological bases of integration of scientific knowledge about local self-government, which is the basis of the subject of municipal law. Municipal law combines two internally opposite components of the subject (public and private) and method (subordination and coordination), which creates a special regime of municipal regulation. Along with traditional methods, relatively independent methods are developed, namely value orientations and the principle of proportionality or the doctrine of balance, which determine the uniqueness of modern municipal influence and help protect the right of local self-government in the constitutional process. Trans- and interdisciplinary theory of civilized determination of law allows us to study current trends in the current system of local self-government in Ukraine. Systematic understanding of municipal law is focused on the perception of the system of local selfgovernment, i. e. the legal system, which is purposefully established set of rules and consists of purposeful components - municipal legal institutions - and which are part of a more purposeful legal system of Ukraine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The burgeoning field of nanotechnology aims to create and deploy nanoscale structures, devices, and systems with novel, size-dependent properties and functions. The nanotechnology revolution has sparked radically new technologies and strategies across all scientific disciplines, with nanotechnology now applied to virtually every area of research and development in the US and globally. NanoFlorida was founded to create a forum for scientific exchange, promote networking among nanoscientists, encourage collaborative research efforts across institutions, forge strong industry-academia partnerships in nanoscience, and showcase the contributions of students and trainees in nanotechnology fields. The 2019 NanoFlorida International Conference expanded this vision to emphasize national and international participation, with a focus on advances made in translating nanotechnology. This review highlights notable research in the areas of engineering especially in optics, photonics and plasmonics and electronics; biomedical devices, nano-biotechnology, nanotherapeutics including both experimental nanotherapies and nanovaccines; nano-diagnostics and -theranostics; nano-enabled drug discovery platforms; tissue engineering, bioprinting, and environmental nanotechnology, as well as challenges and directions for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The destruction of the collections at the Museu Nacional in Rio de Janeiro, which had hosted indigenous material culture gathered over two centuries, spotlighted the importance of early Amazonian collections in European museums. The circulation of objects and knowledge in the 19th and the early 20th century is part of a history of interactions within global systems. Epistemological, political, social and economic aspects shaped the collections, following shifting interests related to scientific endeavors, colonization or extractivism, just to name the more common ones. The agents involved in the collecting in the South American Lowlands were scholars from different disciplines, settlers, politicians and traders linked by global interests. The close relationship of the then Museum für Völkerkunde in Berlin and the Göteborgs Museum in Gothenburg with the Museu Nacional and other Brazilian institutions since the 1880s is striking, as they mutually engaged in the exchange of objects for major exhibitions and enriched the scientific exchange of knowledge, by sending and interchanging collections. Today, these objects stored in Berlin as well as in Gothenburg, could be incorporated into the reconstruction of the Museu Nacional, or directly could be put in dialogue with communities in the 21st century. These collections were gathered with many purposes; however, from the beginning in Berlin with Adolf Bastian, and in Gothenburg with Erland Nordenskiöld, the idea of an archive for the future was a primal one. The question remains, how to handle this 'universal archive' at risk?. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: The 1958 Lacy-Zarubin agreement on cultural, educational and scientific exchanges marked decades of people-to-people exchanges between the United States and the Soviet Union. Despite the Cold War tensions and mutually propagated adversarial images, the exchanges had never been interrupted and remained unbroken until the Soviet Union dissolved. This essay argues that due to the 1958 general agreement and a number of co-operative agreements that had the status of treaties and international acts issued under the authority of the US State Department and the Soviet Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the exchanges could not proceed without diplomatic supervision. This peculiarity puts academic and technical exchanges specifically into the framework of science diplomacy , which is considered a diplomatic tool for implementing a nation state's foreign policy goals determined by political power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to identify the current status and research trends of the efficiency assessment of scientific research and development in Chinese universities over the last 10 years through social network analysis(SNA). The data used in the analysis were extracted from 589 papers from CNKI academic archives in China and analyzed among them 190 papers directly related to the evaluation of scientific research and development efficiency. The analysis showed that the present state of science and technology research efficiency assessment in Chinese universities, identifying research trends, major factors on scientific research and development and major factors promoting exchanges of scientific research. This study can provide positive meaning to facilitate the development of scientific research and development in universities, enhance scientific research management and promote knowledge exchange. This study has limitations in comprehensively analyzing scientific research trends in the actual Chinese research environment. Subsequent studies need to compare trends in China and other countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Ibero-Americana de Estratégia (RIAE) is the property of Revista Ibero-Americana de Estrategia/UNINOVE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)