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This study analyzes the multifaceted dynamics of Turkiye-India relations from 2000 to 2023, exploring their bilateral interactions across diplomatic, economic, scientific, and cultural spheres. It delves into both nations' foreign policy strategies, considering the historical context and evolving geopolitical landscapes. Despite historical tensions and differing stances on issues like Kashmir and Cyprus, the research highlights a trajectory of improving relations, particularly in economic engagements and cultural exchanges. The study underscores the influence of global shifts and internal political changes on their diplomatic approaches, with Turkiye's strategic pivot under the AK Party (since 2002) and India's assertive foreign policy under the BJP (since 2014) shaping their international postures. By examining trade patterns, institutional collaborations, and societal interactions, the article articulates a complex yet progressively cooperative relationship between Turkiye and India, pointing toward a future where economic diplomacy and mutual interests may further solidify their ties amid regional and global challenges. Keywords: Turkiye, India, Pakistan, AK Party, Bilateral Ties, Introduction When characterizing Turkiye-India relations, or any other bilateral ties for that matter, we usually limit our analysis to government-to-government interactions, mainly in diplomatic, economic, scientific, or cultural spheres within [...]

This article discusses working poverty as a socioeconomic human condition that leads to reduced social quality of daily life circumstances. The analyses are based on the social quality theory (SQT) and approach (SQA). Social quality (as an existential human condition) and working poverty (as a result of a combination of aspects of the conditional factors of social quality) have not yet been investigated as two interconnected phenomena. We analyzed working poverty in the EU and Slovakia by assessing its relationships with these aspects of the conditional factors. On a societal level we also assessed influences of processes in the socioeconomic and financial, sociopolitical and legal, sociocultural and welfare, and socioenvironmental dimensions. Our research was based on Eurostat data, other available databases, and two social quality studies on societal processes in Ukraine. We conclude with specific proposals and recommendations to reduce and mitigate the impacts of working poverty. Keywords: comprehensiveness, conditional factors, social quality, societal dimensions, working poverty, This article explores conditional factors in operation in the (re)production of working poverty. In particular we pay attention to the interrelationship between these factors, as conceived from the social quality [...]

Age, due among other causes to demographic transitions, has become a common and widespread content of discrimination. It concerns all age groups in all countries. Numerous analyses of regional and international institutions, including departments of the United Nations, demonstrate various determinants of age discrimination ('ageism') implicit in contemporary societies. This article explores issues of discrimination, in particular age discrimination. These topics are conceived as complex multidimensional societal problematiques that require comprehensive approaches to understand, prevent, and combat them. In our article, the available literature concerning age discrimination is explored. Albania, Great Britain, Norway, Ukraine, the Czech Republic, and Lithuania are deployed as cases of 'rules of law' related to ageism. Some practical legal cases are analyzed to explore the impacts of practices of legal politics on discriminatory situations concerning individuals. Finally, recent studies carried out in the context of the social quality approach are used to broaden our scope. Keywords: age, comprehensive approaches, discrimination, human rights, legislation, societal context, Discrimination on the basis of age remains widespread in all areas of society. A recent report from the European Commission provides further argument to strengthen protection against age discrimination, in [...]

This article updates and further develops the reflections of 'Urbanization and Sustainability after the COVID-19 Pandemic' (Motta 2020). It is now even more urgent to focus on the urban-rural relationships that are being modified by the pandemic, climate change, and the impacts of conflicts, causing serious human insecurities and increasing precarious circumstances worldwide. The fast-changing situation and recurrent emergencies confirm the need for a new urban development approach, related to the specificities of the surrounding environment and based on the revival of towns and settlements spread over territories. This should function as a complementary tool to mitigate urbanization flows and urban-rural gaps, identifying new relationships. This requires the review of current urban paradigms, which are no longer able to respond to modified conditions and demands with an innovative vision. This is actualized on the basis of the principles of the social quality theory (SQT) and approach (SQA) and their emphasis on processes in and between the four relevant dimensions of societal life. In the past decade, these principles have been developed tentatively in working papers about sustainability and urban issues from a social quality perspective. Keywords: comprehensiveness, social quality, mitigation of metropolitan flows, obsolete and palliative urban models, urban-rural inequalities, Introduction and premises The objective of the article, in the complex context of the urban 'problematique' is to explore the interrelated issues of urban conditions and human relationships, calling attention [...]

The digital transformation of contemporary societies may already have been seen by older people as an obstacle; during the pandemic, however, great emphasis was given to technology. The purpose of this article is to illustrate the phenomenon of social exclusion of older people, linked to their vulnerability and the 'COVID circumstances' and shaped by the various measures imposed by different countries to limit physical contact, which led to technological inequality. The findings emphasize the isolation of the elderly and their non- use or insufficient use of health services and long-term care services. Further implications relate to socioeconomic costs arising from the inefficient treatment of their needs regarding their physical and 'technological' vulnerability. The article concludes with considerations of the importance of distinct--both individually and collectively oriented--approaches to create better social conditions that will enhance technological equality for the elderly. Keywords: COVID-19, elderly, exclusion, health services, social quality, technological skills, vulnerability, Older people frequently face societal exclusion in their everyday lives. This phenomenon was acknowledged long before the recent pandemic. However, given that older people face 'technological disadvantage' and that technology [...]

This paper discusses the establishment of a governance framework to secure the development and deployment of 'good AI', and describes the quest for a morally objective compass to steer it. Asserting that human rights can provide such compass, this paper first examines what a human rights-based approach to AI governance entails, and sets out the promise it propagates. Subsequently, it examines the pitfalls associated with human rights, particularly focusing on the criticism that these rights may be too Western, too individualistic, too narrow in scope and too abstract to form the basis of sound AI governance. After rebutting these reproaches, a plea is made to move beyond the calls for a human rights-based approach, and start taking the necessary steps to attain its realisation. It is argued that, without elucidating the applicability and enforceability of human rights in the context of AI; adopting legal rules that concretise those rights where appropriate; enhancing existing enforcement mechanisms and securing an underlying societal infrastructure that enables human rights in the first place, any human rights-based governance framework for AI risks falling short of its purpose., Author(s): Nathalie A. Smuha [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.5596.f, 0000 0001 0668 7884, Department of International & European Law, Faculty of Law, KU Leuven, , Tiensestraat 41, 3000, Leuven, Belgium [...]

This article combines insights from the literatures on revolutions and nonviolent protest with empirical analysis of recent developments in Belarus to assess the causes and outcomes of the Belarusian Revolution. It makes three interrelated arguments. First, structural conditions--the decline of the paternalist model of state-society relations and ongoing societal modernization--were the fundamental cause of the revolution. The popular revolt, in turn, was triggered by a set of tactical mistakes on the part of the ruling regime. Second, while the personalist regime showed its vulnerability, the opposition's ideological, leadership, and organizational deficiencies, as well as the unfavorable international context, facilitated the regime's survival in the short term. Finally, although the regime cannot return to the status quo ante and will apparently depart from the scene, there is an imminent risk that the domestic impasse will be broken by external actors, namely Russia, thus preventing the revolution from achieving its goals., The Belarusian crisis and its unprecedented scale caught the ruling regime, society, and external actors equally by surprise. At the beginning of 2020, Alexander Lukashenko's (1) re-election as president appeared [...]