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The article describes the results of a study of environmental problems that intensely limit socioeconomic development in Central Asia. The authors analyse the current environmental problems as follows. The loss of biodiversity and the complexity of the network of protected natural areas. Insufficient level of municipal solid waste processing, energy efficiency problems, in particular, the deterioration of the energy system. There are as well the imbalance between hydropower, irrigated agriculture and the environment, problems of the Aral Sea. The article proposes solution methods, including amendments to the legislation, i.e. the adoption of managerial decisions, as well as strengthening judicial control over compliance with the law. Gaps in the legislative regulation of environmental safety are examined. Along with policies at the national, regional and international levels. As well as future trends in the distribution of global resources that will be effective in protecting the environment, including the activities of The Regional Environmental Centre for Central Asia (hereinafter - CAREC). The article analyses the basic environmental rights of citizens as well as cases and consequences of violation of such rights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes the impact of multilevel governance (characterized by the joint production of public goods by several government level types) on the use of the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM). We discuss several compelling reasons for adapting the CVM-which was conceived for a single-level governance system-as a tool to assist public decision making where multiple levels of government are involved. We argue such adaptation of the CVM promises to allow various public decision makers to discuss the relevance of jointly producing public good, from a shared basis. However, this transferred application of the CVM also illuminates some important difficulties, due to the intrinsic complexity of the method, the highly unequal levels of expertise of actors, and the reservations that it can provoke among some of the latter. The study identifies the key opportunities and problems associated with applying the CVM to subnational education policy evaluation in two territories in Normandy, France. Related Articles [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Enhanced nurse workforce mobility in the European Union (EU) is seen as a remedy to shortages of nurses in some EU countries and a surplus in others. However, knowledge of differences in competence, culture, skill levels and working practices of nursing staff throughout EU countries is not fully documented because currently no tangible method exists to enable comparison. The European Healthcare Training and Accreditation Network (EHTAN) project intends to address this problem by establishing an assessment and evaluation methodology through the compilation of a skills competency matrix. To this end, subsequent to a review of documentation and literature on nursing competence definition and assessment, two versions of a nursing competence self-assessment questionnaire tool have been developed. The final competence matrix will be translated and disseminated for transnational use and it is hoped that this will inform EU and national policies on the training requirements of nurses and nursing mobility and facilitate the promotion of EU-wide recognition of nursing qualifications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]