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Copyright of GeSec: Revista de Gestao e Secretariado is the property of Sindicato das Secretarias e Secretarios do Estado de Sao Paulo (SINSESP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A few decades ago, women diagnosed with multiple sclerosis were discouraged from becoming pregnant. However, with new knowledge about the disease and treatments, this recommendation has changed, and it is pregnancy after the diagnosis of the disease is no longer contraindicated, with family planning being essential in this process. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the family planning process for people with multiple sclerosis.

Background Cognitive dysfunction is frequently seen in multiple sclerosis (MS). However, there are conflicting findings regarding the factors it is associated with.

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background Unlike cigarette smoking, environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) has not been as well described as an environmental risk for Multiple sclerosis (MS) nor as a risk factor for disease progression.

Background Oligoclonal bands (OCBs) and Kappa free light chains (FLCs) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are sensitive markers of intrathecal immunoglobulin (Ig)G synthesis in patients with multiple sclerosis.

This study aims to present how the literature approaches the grieving process in the context of Multiple Sclerosis through a narrative review. For this research, the following databases were consulted: Periódicos Capes (Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel), SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online) and the United States National Library of Medicine Service for free access to Medline (PubMed). The review points to a reduction in materials on this topic. The results demonstrated that coping with grief can worsen the clinical picture of Multiple Sclerosis and the repercussions of the disease. They can also result in significant functional losses, whether due to prolonged hospitalizations or symptoms such as fatigue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Investigacion & Educacion en Enfermeria is the property of Universidad de Antioquia, Facultad de Enfermeria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Precision medicine has revolutionized the field of neuroimmunology, with innovative approaches that characterize diseases based on their biology, deeper understanding of the factors leading to heterogeneity within the same disease, development of targeted therapies, and strategies to tailor therapies to each patient. This review explores the impact of precision medicine on various neuroimmunological conditions, including multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD), optic neuritis, autoimmune encephalitis, and immune-mediated neuropathies. We discuss advances in disease subtyping, recognition of novel entities, promising biomarkers, and the development of more selective monoclonal antibodies and cutting-edge synthetic cell-based immunotherapies in neuroimmunological disorders. In addition, we analyze the challenges related to affordability and equity in the implementation of these emerging technologies, especially in situations with limited resources.

Objective: to qualitatively evaluate the experience of patients with multiple sclerosis (PEM) and family caregivers (CFPEM) linked to the multiple sclerosis program of the National University Hospital of Colombia (PrEM-HUNC), during the formation and consolidation of a compassionate community (CC), for social inclusion and promotion of quality of life. Materials and Method: qualitative interpretative study, with in-depth interviews to nine collaborators. With Creswell and Poth's spiral analysis method, four categories and one topic emerged. Results: the theme "A Community Nest of Growth and Transformation" points out the process of shaping the CC as an experience that made possible changes in the meanings surrounding the disease and the personal and family situation; reveals a process of discovery and learning of shaping different relationships and roles. Conclusions: The CC is an option for building support networks, strengthening personal and family capacities, a way to address the different impacts and challenges of living with multiple sclerosis; it is an alternative to the promotion of quality of life and social inclusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria is the property of Thieme Medical Publishing Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Andaluza de Medicina del Deporte is the property of Centro Andaluza de Medicina del Deporte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease. Auditory evoked potential studies have demonstrated conduction and neural processing deficits in adults with MS, but little is known about the electrophysiological responses in children and adolescents.

Background The prevalence of pain in patients with multiple sclerosis is remarkable. Fibromyalgia has been considered as one of the forms of chronic pain encompassed in multiple sclerosis, but data are restricted to studies from Europe and North America.

Copyright of Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria is the property of Thieme Medical Publishing Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria is the property of Thieme Medical Publishing Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Fisioterapia Brasil is the property of Atlantica Editora and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Plasma exchange (PLEX) is a therapeutic apheresis modality in which the plasma is separated from inflammatory factors such as circulating autoreactive immunoglobulins, the complement system, and cytokines, and its therapeutic effect is based on the removal of these mediators of pathological processes. Plasma exchange is well established for various neurological disorders, and it is applied successfully in central nervous system inflammatory demyelinating diseases (CNS-IDD). It mainly modulates the humoral immune system; thus, it has a greater theoretical effect in diseases with prominent humoral mechanisms, such as neuromyelitis optica (NMO). However, it also has a proven therapeutic effect in multiple sclerosis (MS) attacks. Several studies have suggested that patients with severe attacks of CNS-IDD have poor response to steroid therapy but show clinical improvement after the PLEX treatment. Currently, PLEX is generally established only as a rescue therapy for steroid unresponsive relapses. However, there are still research gaps in the literature regarding plasma volume, number of sessions, and how early the apheresis treatment needs to started. Thus, in the present article, we summarize the clinical studies and meta-analyses, especially about MS and NMO, outlining clinical data regarding the experience with therapeutic PLEX in severe attacks of CNS-IDD, the clinical improvement rates, the prognostic factors of a favorable response, and highlighting the likely role of the early apheresis treatment. Further, we have gathered this evidence and suggested a protocol for the treatment of CNS-IDD with PLEX in the routine clinical practice.

Objetivo: Analisar o desempenho de adultos com Esclerose Múltipla (EM) em rastreio cognitivo e observar a correlação entre a idade e as habilidades cognitivas. Métodos: É uma pesquisa descritiva, observacional, transversal e quantitativa. Foi realizada com 27 indivíduos com diagnóstico médico de EM: 22 mulheres, 5 homens, com idades entre 20 e 60 anos. A coleta dos dados foi realizada por meio de três instrumentos: Montreal Cognitive Assessment (Moca); Bateria Breve de rastreio cognitivo e um Protocolo de identificação pessoal. A análise dos dados foi realizada de forma quantitativa, descritiva e inferencial. Aplicou-se o teste de Mann-Whitney e correlação de Spearman, com significância de p

RESUMO A Esclerose Múltipla (EM) é uma doença autoimune crônica e inflamatória que afeta o sistema nervoso central (SNC). A disfunção do equilíbrio corporal também é um sintoma comum e pode estar relacionada às lesões neurológicas decorrentes desta doença. O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar os achados neurológicos e vestibulares de três casos clínicos com diagnóstico de EM. Dados sobre a avaliação neurológica e do exame de ressonância magnética de crânio foram coletados dos prontuários. Os pacientes responderam a uma entrevista inicial e foram submetidos à avaliação clínica do equilíbrio corporal e ao Video Head Impulse Test (vHIT). Observou-se presença de sintomas vestibulares e alterações em pelo menos uma das provas clínicas do equilíbrio corporal e função cerebelar. No vHIT, obteve-se alterações em testes oculomotores, como presença de nistagmo semi-espontâneo e em parâmetros do teste sacádico, e ganho reduzido em um ou mais canais verticais. Foram verificadas lesões, na ressonância magnética de crânio, em áreas centrais que processam as informações vestibulares, como cerebelo e tronco encefálico. A associação destes achados sugere a presença de disfunção vestibular central, compatível com as lesões detectadas nos exames de imagem.

Copyright of Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria is the property of Thieme Medical Publishing Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background Multiple sclerosis (MS) has a negative effect on employment status.

Copyright of Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria is the property of Thieme Medical Publishing Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria is the property of Thieme Medical Publishing Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of JBES: Brazilian Journal of Health Economics / Jornal Brasileiro de Economia da Saúde is the property of JBES: Brazilian Journal of Health Economics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria is the property of Thieme Medical Publishing Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

INTRODUÇÃO: A Esclerose Múltipla (EM) é uma doença neurodegenerativa, inflamatória crônica que afeta o Sistema Nervoso Central. Embora importantes avanços terapêuticos tenham surgido nas últimas décadas, a população com EM apresenta taxas de hospitalização mais altas em relação a população geral, com impacto socioeconômico relevante. OBJETIVOS: Este estudo objetiva avaliar o uso de indicadores de gestão em pacientes com EM possibilitando melhorias no atendimento e manejo clínico desta população. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo observacional retrospectivo com analise de variáveis epidemiológicas e clínicas (idade, sexo, etnia, tempo de doença, ocorrência de surtos em 1 ano, EDSS, tratamentos, comorbidades). Quanto aos indicadores foram avaliados: Número de internações e pacientes internados (mensurando a produção), Tempo médio de permanência (mensurando a eficiência) e Reinternação e taxa de mortalidade (mensurando qualidade médico assistencial). RESULTADOS: Foram analisadas 332 internações em 153 pacientes (mensurando produção), resultando em média de 2.16 com valor máximo de 18 e mínimo de 1 internação por paciente, sendo a maioria em mulheres (75%). A média de idade foi de 36 ± 7.8 anos em 26.5% dos pacientes entre 18-39 anos. A maioria dos pacientes era do sexo feminino (75%) e autodeclarada branca (94.8%). A mortalidade hospitalar foi de 2.4% (mensurando a qualidade médico assistencial) e o tempo médio de permanência foi de 6.5 dias (mensurando a eficiência). O principal motivo de internação foi relacionado a exacerbação da doença, sendo a maioria dos pacientes internados para pulsoterapia. A maioria dos pacientes possuía outra comorbidade. CONCLUSÃO: Confirmou-se o elevado número de reinternações nesta população, sendo a EDSS da maior parte dos casos abaixo de 3.5. Internações de pacientes com EM podem ser reavaliadas afim de diminuir os custos hospitalares e, principalmente, aumentar a qualidade de vida destes casos, considerando a realização de procedimento a nível ambulatorial.

Background Sleep disorders such as obstructive sleep apnea and restless legs syndrome are prevalent in the general population and patients with chronic diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS).

Copyright of Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria is the property of Thieme Medical Publishing Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria is the property of Thieme Medical Publishing Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: the growing of patients with multiple sclerosis seeking acupuncture treatment is based on clinical reports of improvements in symptoms. Considering that autonomic impairment, including cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction, is not uncommon in patients with MS, neuromodulation with acupuncture could be an interesting tool to change heart rate variability in this population. Objective: to evaluate heart rate variability in patients with multiple sclerosis, during the application of acupuncture, in order to analyze the behavior of the autonomic nervous system before, during and after therapy and changes in condition after a longitudinal intervention. Methods: a double-blinded randomized sham-controlled crossover trial with a 1:1 allocation ratio will be conducted, with 40 individuals without a previous illness, who will constitute the control group, and 40 individuals with Multiple Sclerosis, who will constitute the experimental group, paired by age and sex. All participants will undertake active or sham acupuncture sessions. Discussion: according to the studies found, cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction is expected, with alterations in heart rate variability. Although neuromodulation with acupuncture can control pain and inflammation, there are still difficulties in affirming whether the balance between the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems can be changed by acupuncture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia is the property of Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria is the property of Thieme Medical Publishing Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A Esclerose Múltipla é uma doença autoimune desmielinizante que afeta preferencialmente o sistema nervoso central, pois este sofre influência de fatores genéticos e ambientais. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo evidenciar a relação do consumo de cloreto de sódio e o provável desencadeamento e/ou agravamento da Esclerose Múltipla (EM), uma doença autoimune. Foram analisados artigos selecionados de acordo com a revisão sistemática de literatura, com intuito de averiguar a possível relação entre o agravamento da fisiopatologia da esclerose múltipla e o consumo de cloreto de sódio. A revisão sistemática de literatura seguiu as seguintes bases de dados: BVS, Science Direct, PUBMED e Web of Science. A partir dos artigos encontrados, realizou-se uma seleção prévia, em que foram selecionados 13 artigos, com base em palavras-chave relacionadas ao cloreto de sódio e a esclerose múltipla, utilizando de estudos in vitro e in vivo. Apresentou-se a relação entre a fisiopatologia da EM e o consumo exacerbado de sal negativa em um total de cinco estudos e positiva nos demais. Desse modo, apesar dos resultados favoráveis, indicando a relação entre o consumo de sódio e a Esclerose Múltipla, ainda se sugerem novas pesquisas, devido à diversidade de metodologia e às populações usadas em cada estudo.

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The present study aims to review scientific articles that address Multiple Sclerosis from the perspective of Logotherapy through an Integrative Literature Review. The searches were carried out in the following databases: Virtual Health Library - Brazil (BVS Brazil); Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciElo); Service of the National Library of Medicine of the United States for free access to Medline (PubMed) and Revista Logos & Existência, linked to the Brazilian Association of Logotherapy and Existential Analysis (ABLAE). The review points out as results how much progress can still be made in Multiple Sclerosis studies from the perspective of Logotherapy and how Logotherapy can be effective for the treatment of anxiety in people with Multiple Sclerosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria is the property of Thieme Medical Publishing Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria is the property of Thieme Medical Publishing Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

RESUMO Objetivo verificar a associação entre o número de deglutições e presença de resíduo faríngeo e broncoaspiração em pessoas com esclerose múltipla. Métodos estudo transversal observacional de exames de videofluoroscopia de 231 deglutições de indivíduos com esclerose múltipla. Três fonoaudiólogas avaliaram as deglutições de IDDSI 1 (International Dysphagia Diet Standardisation Initiative) (5 ml e 10 ml) e IDDSI 4 (8 ml) quanto à presença de resíduo faríngeo e de penetração/aspiração. Deglutições que não apresentaram resíduo faríngeo foram classificadas como deglutições sem resíduos faríngeos (DSR) e as que apresentaram, como deglutições com resíduos faríngeos (DCR), sendo estas últimas subdivididas em resíduos faríngeos em todas as ofertas ou eventuais (DCR1 e DCR2). O número de deglutições foi analisado por um avaliador cego e comparado com os dados demográficos e clínicos. Resultados das 231 deglutições, 73 (31,6%) apresentaram resíduos faríngeos. O número médio de deglutições foi semelhante nas deglutições sem e com resíduos faríngeos em cada consistência e volume e nas variáveis idade, gênero, tipo de esclerose múltipla e incapacidade funcional. Houve associação entre a média do número de deglutições e a ausência de penetração/aspiração, quando comparada às deglutições sem e com resíduos faríngeos, nas DCR2 e em indivíduos acima de 50 anos. Ao analisar intragrupo, observou-se associação nas DCR, sendo maior na ausência de penetração/aspiração e nas DCR2. Conclusão não houve correlação entre o número de deglutições e a presença de resíduos em recessos faríngeos na esclerose múltipla. Todavia, o número de deglutições foi maior quando houve resíduo e ausência de disfagia e de penetração/aspiração, em indivíduos mais velhos.

Objetivo: A esclerose múltipla é uma doença crônica, inflamatória e degenerativa do sistema nervoso central que afeta aproximadamente 2,5 milhões de pessoas no mundo. Cerca de 80% dos casos são classificados no fenótipo ‘remitente recorrente’ (EMRR). Avaliou-se, sob a perspectiva de pagador na saúde suplementar no Brasil, a relação de custo-efetividade do tratamento com alentuzumabe em pacientes de EMRR em 3a linha de tratamento versus natalizumabe, único tratamento disponibilizado na saúde suplementar atualmente. Método: Com auxílio de modelo de Markov, simulou-se, no horizonte temporal de 30 anos, uma coorte de mil pacientes, com parâmetros demográficos baseados em dados do sistema público de saúde do Brasil. Em cada ciclo anual, os pacientes poderiam transitar entre diferentes estados de saúde, mensurados através do escore na Escala Expandida de Estado de Incapacidade (EDSS), além de experienciar surtos e progressão para o tipo secundariamente progressivo. A distribuição da população inicial da coorte por nível de EDSS baseou-se no estudo clínico CARE MS II. Os parâmetros de eficácia relacionados à progressão de incapacidade e taxa de surtos foram selecionados de metanálise de rede, assim como taxas de descontinuação e retratamento, parâmetros de utilidade, segurança e custos da doença foram obtidos de ensaios clínicos e estudos publicados. Custos por dose e administração foram retirados de tabelas de preço oficiais. Resultados: Demonstra-se que alentuzumabe é dominante, acumulando mais QALYs (6.752) por um custo total de tratamento menor (R$ 377,9 milhões) em relação ao natalizumabe (5.652; R$ 432,9 milhões). O tratamento com alentuzumabe apresenta vantagens quanto à eficácia no longo-prazo e efetividade na redução da ocorrência de surtos e hospitalizações. A incerteza paramétrica do modelo foi analisada através de análises de sensibilidade determinística e probabilística. A análise de sensibilidade corrobora os resultados pois, mesmo com a variação de parâmetros-alvo de incerteza, o alentuzumabe ainda possui 97,8% de probabilidade de ser custo-efetivo versus o natalizumabe, considerando o limiar de 3 PIB per capita. Conclusão: Alentuzumabe é uma nova terapia custo-efetiva, provando ser alternativa economicamente viável. Análises de custo-efetividade como esta são importantes para otimizar a tomada de decisões de gestores do sistema de saúde, tanto públicos como privados.

Copyright of Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria is the property of Thieme Medical Publishing Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria is the property of Thieme Medical Publishing Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria is the property of Thieme Medical Publishing Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria is the property of Thieme Medical Publishing Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria is the property of Thieme Medical Publishing Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria is the property of Thieme Medical Publishing Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria is the property of Thieme Medical Publishing Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria is the property of Thieme Medical Publishing Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria is the property of Thieme Medical Publishing Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)