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Abstract Intratumoral cellular heterogeneity necessitates multi-targeting therapies for improved clinical benefits in advanced malignancies. However, systematic identification of patient-specific treatments that selectively co-inhibit cancerous cell populations poses a combinatorial challenge, since the number of possible drug-dose combinations vastly exceeds what could be tested in patient cells. Here, we describe a machine learning approach, scTherapy, which leverages single-cell transcriptomic profiles to prioritize multi-targeting treatment options for individual patients with hematological cancers or solid tumors. Patient-specific treatments reveal a wide spectrum of co-inhibitors of multiple biological pathways predicted for primary cells from heterogenous cohorts of patients with acute myeloid leukemia and high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma, each with unique resistance patterns and synergy mechanisms. Experimental validations confirm that 96% of the multi-targeting treatments exhibit selective efficacy or synergy, and 83% demonstrate low toxicity to normal cells, highlighting their potential for therapeutic efficacy and safety. In a pan-cancer analysis across five cancer types, 25% of the predicted treatments are shared among the patients of the same tumor type, while 19% of the treatments are patient-specific. Our approach provides a widely-applicable strategy to identify personalized treatment regimens that selectively co-inhibit malignant cells and avoid inhibition of non-cancerous cells, thereby increasing their likelihood for clinical success.

Investment decisions are a matter of how individuals should allocate funds into investment forms that provide future benefits. This paper investigates the impact of financial literacy, perceptions of risk and returns, family background, income, and financial technology proficiency on investment decisions among Generations Z and Y in Indonesia. This study uses a quantitative approach, using primary data from 240 respondents through purposive sampling. Primary data were collected through a questionnaire survey to collect respondents’ perceptions and investment decisions. The Likert scale assesses indicators by eliciting responses to statements and questions. The Structural Equation Model Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) approach was employed for analysis utilizing WarpPLS 8.0 software. The results show that financial literacy, risk and return perception, income, and fintech proficiency significantly influence investment decisions (p < 0.05), while family background does not (p > 0.05). In addition, fintech proficiency mediates the effects of financial literacy, risk perception, family background, and income on investment decisions (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that improving financial literacy and fintech skills can lead to better investment decisions among young investors. This study highlights the need for targeted financial education programs and innovative fintech solutions to support informed investment choices. Further research is recommended to explore additional factors influencing investment decisions and to develop strategies to improve financial decision-making in this demographic group.

ABSTRACTRussia’s full-scale war on Ukraine in early 2022 has brought geopolitics, particularly classical geopolitics, back into the political and economic discussions and decision-making. Discursive, as well as real-world change, has been rapid, as the turn of the 21st century was the time of globalisation and neoliberal ideology – the free movement of people, products, and services. However, in this paper, we argue that classical geopolitics has defined the development of Northern industries even before the war began in 2022. Our interview data (n = 60) collected in the advent of the Russian invasion of Ukraine reveal that the themes of state power; ‘hard’ security meaning military armament; the economy as a field of national interests; and spill-over effects of geopolitical tensions between superpowers have framed economic fortunes in the European Arctic. It is concluded that the state actors’ interests in the European Arctic’s physical space and natural assets will be increasingly expanding.

Abstract We investigated the association of prediagnostic use of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) with breast cancer survival among women with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The study cohort was identified from a Finnish nationwide diabetes database, and consisted of women with T2D, who were diagnosed with breast cancer between 2000 and 2011 (n = 3189). The patients were classified according to their previous MHT use: systemic MHT, local MHT, and no history of any MHT. The cumulative mortality from breast cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and other causes in three MHT groups was described by the Aalen-Johansen estimator. The cause-specific mortality rates were analyzed by Cox models, and adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated for the use of MHT. The breast cancer mortality appeared to be lower among systemic MHT users (HR 0.49, 95% Cl 0.36–0.67) compared with non-users of MHT. The mortality from cardiovascular diseases and from other causes of death was found to be lower among systemic MHT users, (HR 0.49, 95% Cl 0.32–0.74), and (HR 0.51, 95% Cl 0.35–0.76), respectively. In conclusion, prediagnostic systemic MHT use is associated with reduced breast cancer, cardiovascular, and other causes of mortality in women with T2D.

Abstract Black liquor (BL) is the major bioproduct and biomass fuel in pulp mill processes. However, the high viscosity of BL makes it a challenging material to work with, resulting in issues with evaporators and heat exchangers during its transport and processing. The thermal and rheological properties of BLs from Pinus sp. (PBL) and Eucalyptus sp. (EBL) were studied. FTIR spectra revealed the presence of the characteristic functional groups and the chemical composition in liquors. TGA/DTG curves showed three characteristic degradation stages related to evaporation of water, pyrolysis of organic groups, and condensation of char. Rheologically, liquors are classified as non-Newtonian and with comportment pseudoplastic. Their rheological dynamic shear properties included a linear viscoelastic region up to 1% shear strain, while frequency sweeps showed that storage modulus (Gʹ) > loss modulus (Gʹʹ), thus confirming the solid-like behavior of both BLs. The rheological study demonstrated that increasing the temperature and oscillatory deformations of PBL and EBL decreased their degree of viscoelasticity, which could favor their pumping and handling within the pulp mill, as well as the droplet formation and swelling characteristics in the recovery furnace.

Chaput tubercle fracture is a counterpart to adolescent tillaux fracture, which occurs at the anterolateral part or at the attachment site of the antero-inferior tibiofibular ligament on the distal tibia. It is rare and its presentation may not be well appreciated in X RAYS which depicts the importance of a CT scan of ankle to reveal the same. A 25-year-old gentleman presented to us in the casualty with acute onset of pain, swelling and restricted movements at the ankle joint following a road traffic accident. CT Ankle revealed a chaput fracture along with bimalleolar fracture (posterior and lateral malleoli). The complex displaced fracture was managed with open reduction internal fixation with plate osteosynthesis for the posterior malleoli and lateral malleoli, tension band wiring was done for the chaput tubercle fracture. At the end of 2 years follow up, Patient was able to mobilise without any support. Through this case report, we would like to enumerate the rarity of chaput tubercle fracture associated with bimalleolar fracture of ankle which will be evaluated better with a CT evaluation at the first place. At the same time, it gives valuable information for the preoperative surgical plan.

Introdução: A síndrome de Rendu-Weber-Osler, também conhecida como telangiectasia hereditária hemorrágica (THH), é uma rara doença caracterizada por angiodisplasia desordenada, de traço autossômico dominante. O quadro clínico é composto por epistaxe, sangramentos do trato gastrointestinal e telangiectasias disseminadas. O diagnóstico se dá pelos critérios Curaçao que incluem as manifestações típicas da doença e a presença da condição em parentes de primeiro grau. A doença é a segunda desordem hereditária hemorrágica mais comum no mundo, apesar disso, ainda não existem tratamentos sancionados pelas agências de vigilância em saúde focados nos sangramentos, fazendo apenas a paliação dos sintomas através de hemotransfusões, infusões de ferro e intervenções hemostáticas. O objetivo deste relato consiste em repercutir um quadro de anemia ferropênica secundária à Síndrome de Rendu-Osler-Weber que obteve melhora significativa após o tratamento com agentes anti-VEGF, como preconizado no estudo InHIBIT-Bleed. Relato de caso: J.P.S., 53 anos, procurou um hospital do sul do Brasil com queixa de epistaxe grande volume há mais de 10 anos, várias vezes por semana, refratária a tratamentos de cauterização. Sem sangramentos em outras localizações. Possui familiares em primeiro grau com histórico semelhante. Apresentava palidez cutâneo-mucosa associada a telangiectasias espalhadas pela região de tórax, membros superiores, face e orofaringe. Sem histórico de comorbidades ou uso de medicamentos. Constatou-se quadro de anemia ferropênica por meio de exames laboratoriais. Após a exclusão da hipótese de coagulopatia, foi firmado o diagnóstico de THH baseado nos critérios de Curaçao (4 pontos). A princípio, optou-se pelo manejo do quadro com reposição parenteral de ferro e uso de ácido tranexâmico conforme a necessidade. Devido à persistência clínica, a abordagem visou a aquisição via judicial do medicamento Bevacizumab, um anticorpo monoclonal humanizado (anti-VEGF) que foi utilizado com resultados promissores no tratamento da doença no estudo InHIBIT-Bleed. Foram realizados 8 ciclos de infusão, como previsto pelo estudo, em um período de 4 meses com reposição de ferro elementar concomitante conforme necessidade. O paciente evoluiu de maneira excelente após a realização das infusões, com resolução da ferropenia e sem necessidade de retomar a reposição parenteral de ferro. Discussão: A gênese da THH é explicada por mutações nos genes de proteínas da família do TGF-β que resultam em angiogênese desregulada explicando a presença de telangiectasias frágeis nas mucosas nasal e gastrointestinal e os sangramentos recorrentes que levam ao desenvolvimento de anemia ferropênica. O manejo prévio era restrito ao controle dos sintomas decorrentes do sangramento, contudo, após a descoberta de níveis elevados do fator de crescimento endotelial vascular (VEGF) como uma das inúmeras proteínas envolvidas na angiogênese desregulada, foram realizados estudos com resultados promissores utilizando agentes anti-VEGF como o Bevacizumab no tratamento da condição. No relato de caso em questão os resultados encontrados estão em consonância com a eficácia do tratamento descrito no estudo InHIBIT e apontam para uma possível alteração na abordagem de quadros de Telangiectasia Hemorrágica Hereditária. Conclusão: No relato de caso em questão os resultados encontrados estão em consonância com a eficácia do tratamento descrito no estudo InHIBIT e apontam para uma possível alteração na abordagem de quadros de THH.

Objetivos: Sistematizar e analisar os dados das coletas externas (CE) realizadas no Hemocentro Regional de Maringá no período de 2018 a 2023 como estratégia de descentralização para a doação de sangue e manutenção do estoque no Hemocentro Regional de Maringá. Material e métodos;: Realizado estudo documental e retrospectivo das coletas externas realizadas pelo Hemocentro Regional de Maringá nos municípios que pertencem a 15ªRegional de Saúde do Estado do Paraná, utilizando como fonte de informações registros internos do setor de captação de doadores e dados do Sistema de Bancos de Sangue- SBS Web da rede HEMEPAR do Estado do Paraná dos anos de 2018 a 2023. Resultados: Na temporalidade analisada no Hemocentro Regional de Maringá foram coletadas 68.314 bolsas de sangue, das quais 5.435 foram provenientes de coletas externas, representando 7,96% do total coletado pelo Hemocentro. No ano de 2018 o percentual de bolsas da coleta externa foi de 12,70% em relação ao total do ano, em 2019 de 11,27%, em 2020 2,31%, em 2021 1,38%, em 2022 10,29% e 2023 8,71%. No período analisado foram realizadas 82 (oitenta e duas) coletas externas, com um total de 6.646 candidatos a doação de sangue. Em relação a descentralização da doação de sangue para os municípios da 15ªRegional de Saúde em 2018 as coletas se realizaram em 13 (treze) municípios, em 2019 em 15 (quinze) municípios; 2020 e 2021 em 3 (três) municípios; em 2022 14 (quatorze) municípios e 2023 em 10 (dez) municípios. Em relação ao tipo de doação 99,82 % das bolsas de sangue da CE são voluntárias e 37,66 % dos candidatos a doação são classificados como doadores de repetição. Ressalta-se que em 2021, o Hemocentro Regional de Maringá foi contemplado via Ministério da Saúde e Secretaria de Saúde do Estado do Paraná com uma nova unidade móvel para a realização das coletas externas que foram retomadas em março de 2022. Discussão: As doações de sangue oriundas das coletas externas são compostas majoritariamente de doações espontâneas ou voluntárias, ou seja, a doação é realizada por pessoas motivadas para manter os estoques de sangue do Hemocentro. Também é possível identificar que nos anos de 2020 e 2021 em decorrência da pandemia da COVID e a diminuição das coletas externas houve a queda de percentual de contribuição das bolsas de CE nos estoques do Hemocentro. Isso tornou necessário o desenvolvimento de outras estratégias de captação de doadores como a intensificação de contatos telefônicos e envio de e-mails convidando para a doação de sangue e implantação de novas ferramentas de comunicação como whatsapp, instagram e sistema de agendamento online. Conclusão: A coleta externa com unidade móvel é uma das ações que implementam a Política Nacional de Sangue e Hemoderivados, contribuindo para a manutenção dos estoques de sangue e hemocomponentes do Hemocentro Regional de Maringá. Esta iniciativa proporciona a descentralização do atendimento e facilita o acesso da população dos municípios da 15ªRegional de Saúde do Estado do Paraná à doação de sangue. Além disso, a nova unidade, projetada especificamente para coletas externas, tornou-se mais funcional e tem sido uma estratégia eficaz de marketing para as campanhas de doação de sangue.

Identifying risk factors associated with the carriage of antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacteria in dogs is crucial to understanding their epidemiology and for developing and refining targeted control measures. However, relevant data is scattered and conflicting findings have been reported. This systematic review aimed to compile risk factors associated with the carriage of AMR-Enterobacterales in dogs worldwide and to identify relevant knowledge gaps for directing future research. A systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines, searching PubMed, CABi, and Scopus databases for studies reporting risk factors for acquiring AMR-Enterobacterales in dogs. After screening peer-reviewed, English-language studies by title/abstract, eligible studies were subjected to a full-text assessment, data extraction, risk-of-bias assessment, and qualitative synthesis. In the initial search, 774 articles were identified, including 274 duplicates. After screening by title/abstract, 77 articles were subjected to full-text review, from which 40 were eventually selected for data extraction, including 29 cross-sectional, six cohort, and five case-control studies. The most frequently investigated risk factors for AMR-Enterobacterales carriage in dogs were antimicrobial use (28 of 40), age (24), sex (22), hospitalization (19), and feeding raw diet (14). Of these, antimicrobial use was the most common risk factor significantly associated with AMR-Enterobacterales (19/28), followed by raw diet (9/14) and hospitalization (8/19). Our synthesis emphasized the importance of increasing awareness regarding the prudent use of critically important antimicrobials (CIAs), such as fluoroquinolones, in companion animal practices, strengthening infection prevention and control procedures in veterinary clinics and hospitals and educating caregivers about the potential risks of feeding raw diets in order to reduce the burden of AMR-bacteria in dogs.

Roszymah Hamzah,1 Ahmad Sabry Mohamad,2 Norafiza Mohd Yasin,3 Ezalia Esa,3 Guo Chen,4 Veena Selvaratnam1 1Hematology Department, Ampang Hospital, Ampang, Selangor, Malaysia; 2Medical Engineering, Universiti Kuala Lumpur-British Malaysian Institute, Gombak, Selangor, Malaysia; 3Institute for Medical Research, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia; 4Beam Therapeutics Inc., Cambridge, MA, USACorrespondence: Ahmad Sabry Mohamad, Medical Engineering, Universiti Kuala Lumpur-British Malaysian Institute, Bt.8, Jln Sg. Pusu, Gombak, Selangor, 53100, Malaysia, Email sabry@unikl.edu.myBackground: Human hemoglobin of G-Makassar and hemoglobin E (Hb E) are hemoglobin variants that affect Beta (β) globin. Hb G-Makassar is a very rare variant while Hb E is estimated to affect at least one million people worldwide. Both Hb G-Makassar and Hb E can be inherited in the heterozygous, homozygous or compound heterozygous state. This case series describes the characteristics of four individuals with compound heterozygosity for Hb G-Makassar/Hb E cases in Malaysia. To the best of our knowledge, these are the only four individuals with this genotype reported in the literature.Case Series: We present four cases of compound heterozygosity for Hb G-Makassar/Hb E identified from October 2014 to January 2021. All the cases were incidental findings whereby the screening Hb analysis showed the presence of peaks in both Hb S and Hb E zones on capillary electrophoresis (CE) and cation-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Molecular analysis confirmed the findings of compound heterozygous Hb G-Makassar/Hb E. Two cases had a history of anemia secondary to unrelated conditions that resolved with treatment of the underlying cause. The other two cases were asymptomatic individuals who were detected through Malaysia’s National Thalassemia Screening program. On the last follow-up, all the individuals were well, non-transfusion dependent, and had no reported history of chronic anemia, bleeding, hemolysis or thromboembolism complications.Conclusion: The cases reported here highlight the possibilities for rare compound heterozygous states in multi-ethnicity populations such as Malaysia. Compound heterozygous Hb G-Makassar/Hb E individuals are clinically silent with laboratory values suggesting microcytic and hypochromic red blood cells. Further local epidemiology or population studies with genotyping tests are required for a better understanding of the diversity of its clinical phenotype.Keywords: beta-thalassemia, compound heterozygous, Hb E, Hb G-Makassar, hemoglobinopathy

This research aims to analyze alternative models of public financing in the Public-Private Partnership (PPP) scheme involving the government and the corporate sector. This research utilizes a qualitative research method with a content analysis data collection methodology to examine the limitations and shortcomings of PPPs. The findings of this study indicate that Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) have shown a persistent pattern of failure, leading to continuous renegotiation between the government and the private sector. The implementation of PPPs carries risks that can lead to a loss of public oversight of PPP initiatives. The government's lack of experience in making judgments that can carry political risk also plays a role. The PPP model sets a higher cost of capital, which causes the private sector to charge higher tariffs to customers, possibly resulting in a monopoly by private companies. PPPs have imposed a burden on the state and faced opposition to privatization due to a lack of understanding among parties involved in state-owned enterprises (SOEs). The government lacks transparency in decision-making regarding privatization and fails to provide adequate information to stakeholders involved in SOE privatization. Government decision-making on privatization lacks transparency and does not follow established processes and procedures.

After the COVID-19 pandemic, all sectors must still implement health protocols while continuing to work virtually to fulfill their obligations. The GERINDRA Party is one of the major parties in Indonesia that continues to carry out political communication to carry out its functions. The virtual leadership model and competitive organizational culture are applied in running an adequate organization. This research aims to analyze virtual leadership and competitive culture in post-pandemic organizations. The research method is carried out with bibliometric analysis which utilizes vos viewer software to conduct analysis and participatory research because the author is at the research location. The result is that virtual leadership is applied with several conditions, including leaders understanding the perceptions of members and organizations, leaders acting as the key to success, leaders being obliged to work remotely, leaders following the flow of globalization, and mastering ICT. Then the competitive organizational culture is applied with innovation, knowledge, collaboration, and target markets.

Shahbaz Ahmad,1 Shujaat Ahmad,2 Shujat Ali,3 Muhammad Esa,2 Ajmal Khan,1 Hai Yan1 1School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Pharmacy, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal Dir Upper Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan; 3College of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Hai Yan, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, People’s Republic of China, Email haiyan@ustb.edu.cn Shujaat Ahmad, Department of Pharmacy, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal Dir Upper Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, Email shujaat@sbbu.edu.pkAbstract: Green synthesis of silver (Ag) and gold (Au) nanoparticles (NPs) has acquired huge popularity owing to their potential applications in various fields. A large number of research articles exist in the literature describing the green synthesis of Ag and Au NPs for biomedical applications. However, these findings are scattered, making it time-consuming for researchers to locate promising advancements in Ag and Au NPs synthesis and their unexplored biomedical applications. Unlike other review articles, this systematic study not only highlights recent advancements in the green synthesis of Ag and Au NPs but also explores their potential unexplored biomedical applications. The article discusses the various synthesis approaches for the green synthesis of Ag and Au NPs highlighting the emerging developments and novel strategies. Then, the article reviews the important biomedical applications of green synthesized Ag and Au NPs by critically evaluating the expected advantages. To expose future research direction in the field, the article describes the unexplored biomedical applications of the NPs. Finally, the articles discuss the challenges and limitations in the green synthesis of Ag and Au NPs and their biomedical applications. This article will serve as a valuable reference for researchers, working on green synthesis of Ag and Au NPs for biomedical applications. Keywords: green synthesis of nanoparticles, silver and gold nanoparticles, environmental-friendly, biomedical applications, unexplored potentials

Plastic waste has become a global environmental problem as it is difficult to decompose and harms the environment. The alternative solution to overcome this problem is to produce biodegradable plastics made from renewable materials. Cassava peel waste contains starch that can form a thin film but has poor mechanical properties. Therefore, it is necessary to include additional substances to enhance its strength. Carrageenan is a substance that can improve bioplastic mechanical properties. This study aims to determine the characteristics of bioplastic made from cassava peel waste starch and carrageenan formulation. Nine formulations were tested in this study using the randomized complete block design factorial with the two factors of cassava peel starch (S) and carrageenan (C) concentrations, both at three levels and carried out under three replications. Bioplastics characteristics are observed in thickness, swelling, biodegradation, tensile strength, elongation, and elasticity. The formulation S2C1 (starch 20%; carrageenan 5%) produced the bioplastic with the best mechanical properties, including a tensile strength of 1.1 MPa, elongation of 1.33%, and elasticity of 0.87. Meanwhile, the formulation S3C1 (starch 30%; carrageenan 5%) had the best results for swelling, thickness, and biodegradability, with a swelling value of 57.79%, thickness of 0.36mm, and 11-day biodegradability.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a worldwide health problem. Homocysteine (Hcy) and folic acid (FA) have been found to correlate with intra-renal atherosclerosis, which leads to decreased renal perfusion pressure and may impair the endothelial function of renal arterioles and glomerular capillaries, thus being considered as new risk factors for CKD. Objective: To investigate serum Hcy and FA as risk factors for CKD. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 80 patients who underwent creatinine examination. Hcy and FA levels were examined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Bivariate analysis to calculate the prevalence ratio (PR) using a 2x2 table and using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves to determine the cut off value of HCY and FA in CKD. Results: The mean Hcy level of CKD patients was 7.66±4.25 µmol/L and without CKD was 4.29 ± 2.71 µmol/L. The mean FA levels of CKD and non-CKD patients were 6.75±1.75 and 9.27±9.28 ng/mL, respectively. The prevalence ratio of Hcy to CKD was 2.17 (95%CI=1.35-3.45; p=0.001). The prevalence ratio of FA to CKD was 1.75 (95%CI=1.11-2.75; p 0.014). Conclusion: Increased Hcy levels and decreased serum FA levels are risk factors for CKD.

Background Preeclampsia is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and death. Primary care or cardiology follow‐up, in complement to routine postpartum obstetric care, provides an essential opportunity to address cardiovascular risk. Prior studies investigating racial differences in the recommended postpartum follow‐up have incompletely assessed the influence of social factors. We hypothesized that racial and ethnic differences in follow‐up with a primary care provider or cardiologist would be modified by income and education. Methods and Results We identified adult individuals with preeclampsia (September 2014 to September 2019) in a national administrative database. We compared occurrence of a postpartum visit with a primary care provider or cardiologist within 1 year after delivery by race and ethnicity using multivariable logistic regression models. We examined whether education or income modified the association between race and ethnicity and the likelihood of follow‐up. Of 18 050 individuals with preeclampsia (aged 31.8±5.7 years), Black individuals (11.7%) had lower odds of primary care provider or cardiology follow‐up within 1 year after delivery compared with White individuals (adjusted odds ratio, 0.77 [95% CI, 0.70–0.85]) as did Hispanic individuals (14.8%; adjusted odds ratio, 0.79 [95% CI, 0.73–0.87]). Black and Hispanic individuals with higher educational attainment were more likely to have follow‐up than those with lower educational attainment (P for interaction=0.033) as did those in higher income brackets (P for interaction=0.006). Conclusions We identified racial and ethnic differences in primary care or cardiology follow‐up in the year postpartum among individuals diagnosed with preeclampsia, a disparity that may be modified by social factors. Enhanced system‐level interventions are needed to reduce barriers to follow‐up care.

Pizza dan kue kering merupakan salah satu usaha PA Baitur Rohmah Al-Amanah sebagai realisasi misi panti asuhan yaitu, sebagai pusat pengembangan keterampilan dan jiwa enterprenuer serta mendidik anak asuh agar dapat mandiri sejak dini. Akan tetapi, hasil produksi pizza dan kue kering belum mempunyai logo dan merek yang menarik, sehingga hasil produksi tersebut kurang dikenal masyarakat luas. Oleh karena itu, kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ditujukan untuk memberikan pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam membuat logo dan merek. Metode pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah pelatihan dan pendampingan pembuatan logo dan merek menggunakan aplikasi adobe illustrator. Hasil akhir kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini berupa berupa logo dan merek yang dikemas jadi satu kesatuan. Pizza diberi merek Albait’s Pizza: Bukan Pizza Italy Tapi ala Santri, sedangkan merek kue kering adalah Albait’s Cookies: Nagih di Lidah, Murah Meriah. Selain itu, keterampilan mitara dalam menggunakan aplikasi adobe Illustrator meningkat. Kegiatan ini di diharapkan dapat manajemen pemasaran, terutama pemasaran online untuk memperluas jangkauan pemasaran produksi mereka serta meningkatkan hasil penjualan.

Objectives Workplace stigmatisation and discrimination are significant barriers to accessing employment opportunities, reintegration and promotion in the workforce for people with mental illnesses in comparison to other disabilities. This paper presents qualitative evidence of anticipated and experienced workplace stigma and discrimination among individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) in 35 countries, and how these experiences differ across countries based on their Human Development Index (HDI) level.Design Mixed-method cross-sectional survey.Participants, setting and measures The qualitative data were gathered as part of the combined European Union Anti-Stigma Programme European Network and global International Study of Discrimination and Stigma Outcomes for Depression studies examining stigma and discrimination among individuals with MDD across 35 countries. Anticipated and experienced stigma and discrimination were assessed using the Discrimination and Stigma Scale version 12 (DISC-12). This study used responses to the open-ended DISC-12 questions related to employment. Data were analysed using the framework analysis method.Results The framework analysis of qualitative data of 141 participants identified 6 key ‘frames’ exploring (1) participants reported experiences of workplace stigma and discrimination; (2) impact of experienced workplace stigma and discrimination; (3) anticipated workplace stigma and discrimination; (4) ways of coping; (5) positive work experiences and (6) contextualisation of workplace stigma and discrimination. In general, participants from very high HDI countries reported higher levels of anticipated and experienced discrimination than other HDI groups (eg, less understanding and support, being more avoided/shunned, stopping themselves from looking for work because of expectation and fear of discrimination). Furthermore, participants from medium/low HDI countries were more likely to report positive workplace experiences.Conclusions This study makes a significant contribution towards workplace stigma and discrimination among individuals with MDD, still an under-researched mental health diagnosis. These findings illuminate important relationships that may exist between countries/contexts and stigma and discrimination, identifying that individuals from very high HDI countries were more likely to report anticipated and experienced workplace discrimination.

In the FlexSNG project, a fluidized-bed gasification process is developed that can co-produce biochar and good-quality synthesis gas and can also switch between two operation modes: (1) co-producing biochar and synthesis gas that is further converted to biomethane or other synthesis products, and (2) maximizing the fuel conversion to syngas. Three test runs were conducted at an atmospheric-pressure Circulating Fluidized-Bed (CFB) gasification test rig of VTT to identify optimal gasification and gas clean-up process conditions for both operation modes. The studied gasification process consists of a fluidized-bed gasifier, a hot gas filter and a catalytic reformer. The tests were focused on finding optimal process conditions in the gasifier for the co-production of biochar and synthesis gas from woody residues and straw. Two different operating principles were examined: an ordinary CFB gasifier operated at different temperatures and a so-called Bubbling Circulating Fluidized-Bed (BCFB), in which the lower part of the gasifier is operated at low temperature and secondary oxygen is used to raise the temperature in the upper part of the gasifier.

Introduction A better understanding of the earliest stages of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) could expedite the development or administration of treatments. Large population biobanks hold the promise to identify individuals at an elevated risk of AD and related dementias based on health registry information. Here, we establish the protocol for an observational clinical recall and biomarker study called TWINGEN with the aim to identify individuals at high risk of AD by assessing cognition, health and AD-related biomarkers. Suitable candidates were identified and invited to participate in the new study among THL Biobank donors according to TWINGEN study criteria.Methods and analysis A multi-centre study (n=800) to obtain blood-based biomarkers, telephone-administered and web-based memory and cognitive parameters, questionnaire information on lifestyle, health and psychological factors, and accelerometer data for measures of physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep. A subcohort is being asked to participate in an in-person neuropsychological assessment (n=200) and wear an Oura ring (n=50). All participants in the TWINGEN study have genome-wide genotyping data and up to 48 years of follow-up data from the population-based older Finnish Twin Cohort (FTC) study of the University of Helsinki. The data collected in TWINGEN will be returned to THL Biobank from where it can later be requested for other biobank studies such as FinnGen that supported TWINGEN.Ethics and dissemination This recall study consists of FTC/THL Biobank/FinnGen participants whose data were acquired in accordance with the Finnish Biobank Act. The recruitment protocols followed the biobank protocols approved by Finnish Medicines Agency. The TWINGEN study plan was approved by the Ethics Committee of Hospital District of Helsinki and Uusimaa (number 16831/2022). THL Biobank approved the research plan with the permission no: THLBB2022_83.

Indonesia currently holds the 5th position globally in reported bullying cases, showing a prevalence rate of 41.10%. The pervasive nature of bullying within the education sector affects nearly every school in the country. This service activity is designed to tackle this issue head-on by highlighting the crucial role of gender awareness values in preventing bullying. The strategy involves a comprehensive approach, incorporating socialization sessions and focus group discussions, primarily targeting high school students. The intervention commences with informative sessions covering essential aspects like gender concepts, bullying education, and the interconnectedness of gender equality and bullying behavior. Subsequently, interactive discussions are facilitated through focus group discussions. The resulting positive outcomes indicate an enhanced understanding among students regarding gender-related learning and its pivotal role in preventing bullying. The service output includes actionable solutions, such as advocating for education on gender awareness, eliminating the culture of silence, strengthening gender-based school programs, encouraging cross-sector collaboration, and establishing an effective digital complaint platform to address bullying more efficiently.

Lampung is one of the provinces producing Indonesia's second-largest banana crop. Operational activities at the Palm Oil Mill produce a by-product of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME), which can potentially be the most enormous environmental pollution. Communities often use chemicals to treat liquid waste, which causes health problems, cannot be decomposed, and can damage the environment. Therefore, treating liquid waste using organic materials that are more environmentally friendly, safe for health and easily degraded is necessary. By modifying cationic starch, natural polymers found in banana blossom waste may be utilized for producing natural biocoagulant that are more effective. This paper aims to review the potential of cationic-modified balbis banana blossom waste starch as a natural biocoagulant for processing palm oil waste. Starch was first modified into cationic starch by etherification method with the help of HMMAHC cationic reagents. The mechanism of cationic starch as a biocoagulant is the exchange of starch cation ions and waste anions to form bridges between colloidal particles and then form flocs that can precipitate. The implementation technique of this idea is by collaborating with several parties to ensure the successful use of banana hump starch as a biocoagulant material, providing support and facilities for the industry and promoting the use of biocoagulant, conducting literature studies related to the use of banana hump starch as a natural biocoagulant, testing the effectiveness of biocoagulant, implemented in the palm oil processing industry.

Abstract Background A substantial proportion of maternal pregnancy complications, adverse birth outcomes and neurodevelopmental delay in children may be attributable to high maternal pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index (BMI). However, BMI alone is insufficient for the identification of all at-risk mothers and children as many women with non-obesity(

This article addresses the challenge of vision-based proximity navigation in asteroid exploration missions and on-orbit servicing. Traditional feature extraction methods struggle with the significant appearance variations of asteroids due to limited scattered light. To overcome this, we propose a lightweight feature extractor specifically tailored for asteroid proximity navigation, designed to be robust to illumination changes and affine transformations. We compare and evaluate state-of-the-art feature extraction networks and three lightweight network architectures in the asteroid context. Our proposed feature extractors and their evaluation leverage synthetic images and real-world data from missions such as NEAR Shoemaker, Hayabusa, Rosetta, and OSIRIS-REx. Our contributions include a trained feature extractor, incremental improvements over existing methods, and a pipeline for training domain-specific feature extractors. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in achieving accurate navigation and localization. This work aims to advance the field of asteroid navigation and provides insights for future research in this domain.

The Islamic Religious Education (IRE) curriculum encounters many challenges. One of the challenges is the inferiority of Muslims in developing an IRE curriculum based on Islamic tradition and only relying on the development of educational theories from the West. For this reason, this article examines the development of the IRE curriculum using the makkiyah-madaniyah theory. The purpose is to present an overview of IRE curriculum development using Islamic traditions that are often forgotten. This article uses a qualitative approach with the library research method. After understanding the makkiyah-madaniyah discourse, this article concludes that IRE curriculum development has two models: attention to psychological and sociological aspects. In psychological aspects, IRE educators at the primary level must pay attention to the context of the Makkiyah period, such as the editorial verses of the Qur'an tend to be short and rhyming so that learning and evaluation material should be delivered using a short and rhyming strategy. Emphasis on reward and punishment, aqeeda and moral learning content; and the use of storytelling and illustration (tamtsil) methods should also be a concern in the IRE at this level. Meanwhile, at the secondary level, educators can use the madaniyah model, namely, more extended learning and evaluation material and emphasizing the content of Islamic jurisprudence learning. The sociological aspect applies contextually because of the differences in social conditions between the Prophet Muhammad and us today. The focus of the sociological aspect is divided into two, namely, the sociology of students and the needs of society. Contextual is an approach suitable to be applied in this sociological aspect. Abstrak: Kurikulum Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI) menemui banyak tantangan. Salah satu tantangannya adalah inferioritas Muslim dalam mengembangkan kurikulum PAI berdasarkan khazanah Islam dan hanya mengandalkan perkembangan teori-teori pendidikan dari Barat. Dengan alasan itulah, artikel ini mengkaji pengembangan kurikulum Pendidikan Agama Islam dengan teori makkiyah-madaniyah, yang disebut oleh penulis sebagai kurikulum Qur’ani. Tujuan artikel ini adalah untuk menyajikan gambaran pengembangan kurikulum PAI dengan tradisi keislaman yang acapkali terlupakan. Artikel ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi pustaka. Setelah memahami diskursus makkiyah-madaniyah, artikel ini menyimpulkan bahwa ada dua model pengembangan kurikulum PAI: perhatian terhadap aspek psikologis dan sosiologis. Dalam aspek psikologis, pendidik PAI pada tingkatan dasar harus memperhatikan konteks pada periode makkiyah seperti redaksi ayat Al-Qur’an yang cenderung pendek dan berima sehingga materi pembelajaran dan evaluasi sebaiknya disampaikan dengan strategi pendek dan berima. Penekanan pada reward dan punishment; penekanan pada konten pembelajaran akidah dan moral; dan penggunaan metode bercerita dan ilustrasi (tamtsil) juga seharusnya menjadi perhatian dalam kurikulum PAI di tingkatan dasar. Sementara itu, pada tingkatan menengah, pendidik dapat memakai model madaniyah, yakni materi pembelajaran yang lebih panjang sebagaimana redaksi ayat-ayat madaniyah yang cenderung panjang dan penekanan pada konten pembelajaran hukum fikih yang memang agak sulit dipahami oleh peserta didik. Adapun aspek sosiologis berlaku secara kontekstual, sebab perbedaan kondisi sosial antara Nabi Muhammad saat Al-Qur’an diturunkan dengan kondisi umatnya pada masa sekarang. Fokus aspek sosiologis terbagi menjadi dua, yakni sosiologi peserta didik dan kebutuhan masyarakat. Kontekstual adalah pendekatan yang cocok diaplikasikan dalam aspek sosiologis ini.

This research aims to understand how identity redefinition occurs and whatcultural variables result in identity redefinition. The Indonesian governmenthas disbanded several mass organizations throughout the years. To ensure itssurvival, the group hid among the crowds. Meanwhile, the Islamic DefendersFront (FPI), which the government had disbanded in 2020, was renamed theIslamic United Front, and it maintained a milder stance toward the governmentto survive. Several research studies have examined the government’s rationalefor abolishment. However, research on how organizational actors react to theirorganizations’ dissolution is still scarce. The research examined the former IslamicDefenders Front (FPI) members’ perceptions of their organization’s dissolutionby the government in 2020. The study utilized a qualitative research design. Thedata analysis was performed inductively to ascertain the former FPI members’subjective opinions of the organizational redefinition. The findings indicatedthat former FPI members reinvented their identity after the government’sdisbandment as a means of survival by adopting more lenient, accommodating,and inclusive views toward the government and other mass groups. Also, thedisintegration of radical religious groups may catalyze a new relationship betweenradical Islamic organizations and the state.

Brushless DC (BLDC) motor is a three-phase motor that cannot work directly with DC current but requires electronic commutation to replace the brush function in DC motor. This paper aims to implement BLDC motor driver integration based on bootstrap circuit using Autodesk Eagle. The driver board consist of bootstrap circuit based on IR2110, MOSFETs, three voltage regulator, ESP32 microcontroller and ACS712 current sensor connection, logic level converter, and BLDC hall effect signal sensor conditioning. The research proposes bootstrap capacitor calculation based on charging/discharging capacitor principle and the minimum motor speed rotation. The implemented driver has 14x10 cm dimension tested to drive 24V/135W/6000rpm sensored BLDC motor using six steps commutation with pulse width modulation (PWM) inserted programmatically in ESP 32 to drive the high side MOSFET of the driver without AND gate circuit. The effect of pwm frequency and dutycycle variation to the speed and current of the motor is investigated. The results showed that the driver with both 12 V and 24 V voltage source and 68 μF bootstrap capacitor work optimally in 20 KHz PWM frequency both in open loop and closed loop speed control test. The motor reach 129 W for the largest power and 5250 rpm for the fastest speed in 24 V supply.

Many people, especially students, use e-wallets for daily transactions such as storing funds and purchasing daily necessities. The Prophet SAW also forbade the behavior of squandering or wastefulness in ablution using water, even though it was in the river. In fact, the lifestyle among students today is in stark contrast to the changes that occur, such as buying things that are not really needed at all. This is where the origin of a high lifestyle causes students to have irrational consumption abilities and tend to have consumptive behavior. Consumptive behavior that arises among students is caused by technological developments and in the development process of the individual himself. This research uses descriptive quantitative research methods with primary data from questionnaire results in the form of links from Google Forms, aiming to determine how much influence the use of digital wallets has on student lifestyles. The analysis of the effect of using digital wallets on the lifestyle of 2020 Islamic Economics students of UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung obtained results that show an influence of the use of digital wallets on the lifestyle of 2020 Islamic economics students. This is evident from the number of 2020 Islamic economics students who use digital wallets for shopping activities, both for daily needs and just fulfilling desires.

Button mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus) have become an attractive agricultural product due to their high nutritional value and use as food. However, since it has a low shelf life, further storage condition needs to be studied. This research investigated the quality changes of button mushrooms under different storage conditions. The mushrooms were stored both in cold and room temperature. The treatments used are different packaging materials such as Styrofoam, polyethylene, and edible coating, where the unpacked mushroom is used as control. Observed parameters are sensory, water content, and weight loss. Button mushrooms with edible coating at cold and room temperature storage were determined as the best treatment that resulted in the lowest decrease in weight loss and water content. Based on this study, the recommended storage condition for button mushrooms is using edible coating in cold temperatures.

Background: The modern-day therapeutic landscape for follicular lymphoma (FL) includes a number of highly effective therapies. Patients and methods: We set out to determine progression-free survival (PFS) after front line, second line, and third line of therapy on the basis of relevant biological characteristics and therapeutic choices. Patients (n = 743, 51% females, median 60 years old) diagnosed with grade 1–2 FL between 1997 and 2016 in nine institutions were included. Results: The median PFS1, PFS2, and PFS3 were 8.1 years (95% confidence interval [CI]: 7–9.3 years), 4.2 years (95% CI: 2.8–5.6 years) and 2.2 years (95% CI 1.7–2.8 years). We found longer PFS1 for (1) females, (2) younger age, (3) lower-risk follicular lymphoma international prognostic index (FLIPI), (4) standard intensity (over low intensity) regimens and (5) immunochemotherapy strategies and (6) maintenance rituximab. We found a shorter PFS2 for patients who received front-line immunochemotherapy. Older age at diagnosis correlated with a shorter PFS3. Intensity of front-line chemotherapy, maintenance, or POD24 status did not correlate with PFS2 or PFS3 in this dataset. Interpretation: With current immunochemotherapy strategies, the natural course of FL is characterized by shorter-lasting remissions after each relapse. It will be interesting to see whether new therapies can alter this pattern.

IntroductionSystemic and local steroid hormone levels may function as novel prognostic and predictive biomarkers in breast cancer patients. We aimed at developing a novel liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the simultaneous measurement of multiple, biologically pivotal steroid hormones in human serum and breast cancer tissue.MethodsThe quantitative method consisted of liquid-liquid extraction, Sephadex LH-20 chromatography for tissue extracts, and analysis of steroid hormones by liquid-chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. We analyzed serum and tissue steroid hormone levels in 16 and 40 breast cancer patients, respectively, and assessed their correlations with clinical parameters.ResultsThe method included quantification of nine steroid hormones in serum [including cortisol, cortisone, corticosterone, estrone (E1), 17β-estradiol (E2), 17α-hydroxyprogesterone, androstenedione (A4), testosterone and progesterone) and six (including cortisone, corticosterone, E1, E2, A4, and testosterone) in cancer tissue. The lower limits of quantification were between 0.003–10 ng/ml for serum (250 µl) and 0.038–125 pg/mg for tissue (20 mg), respectively. Accuracy was between 98%-126%, intra-assay coefficient of variations (CV) was below 15%, and inter-assay CV were below 11%. The analytical recoveries for tissue were between 76%-110%. Tissue levels of E1 were positively correlated with tissue E2 levels (p

Abstract Research‐based knowledge is essential for effective conservation and restoration of threatened aquatic species and habitats. Here, our aim was to gather this knowledge on the lake‐dwelling grayling (Thymallus thymallus), typically a riverine fish. Such atypical populations are particularly vulnerable to anthropogenic impacts, including fishing pressure, climate change, eutrophication and waterway construction, some of which affect especially the early life stages. However, there is little information available to guide management and conservation of grayling in lakes. Accordingly, we assessed characteristics of the nursery areas in the threatened grayling population of Lake Puruvesi (eastern Finland). In particular, we used beach seines in two consecutive years to sample lakeshore sites (including islands) that were a priori presumed suitable for grayling. We assessed the occurrence of grayling fry (larvae and post‐larvae

The potassium-chloride co-transporter 2, KCC2, is a neuron-specific ion transporter that plays a multifunctional role in neuronal development. In mature neurons, KCC2 maintains a low enough intracellular chloride concentration essential for inhibitory neurotransmission. During recent years, pathogenic variants in the KCC2 encoding gene SLC12A5 affecting the functionality or expression of the transporter protein have been described in several patients with epilepsy of infancy with migrating focal seizures (EIMFS), a devastating early-onset developmental and epileptic encephalopathy. In this study, we identified a novel recessively inherited SLC12A5 c.692G>A, p. (R231H) variant in a patient diagnosed with severe and drug-resistant EIMFS and profound intellectual disability. The functionality of the variant was assessed in vitro by means of gramicidin-perforated patch-clamp experiments and ammonium flux assay, both of which indicated a significant reduction in chloride extrusion. Based on surface immunolabeling, the variant showed a reduction in membrane expression. These findings implicate pathogenicity of the SLC12A5 variant that leads to impaired inhibitory neurotransmission, increasing probability for hyperexcitability and epileptogenesis.

Abstract Background Depression and alcohol use disorders frequently co-occur. However, research on psychosocial interventions for treating this dual pathology is limited. The Ostrobothnian Depression Study (ODS) aimed to increase the systematic use of evidence-based methods, particularly among patients with comorbid depression and substance use in a naturalistic setting. This is a secondary analysis of the ODS study. The aim of the present study was to explore the predictors of a response to treatment during the first six months of the ODS intervention with a specific focus on the role of comorbid heavy alcohol use. Methods The study sample (n = 242) comprised psychiatric specialist care patients with depression (Beck Depression Inventory score ≥ 17) at baseline. Patients with a baseline Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) score > 10 (n = 99) were assigned to the AUD (Alcohol Use Disorder) group in this study. The ODS intervention comprised behavioral activation (BA) for all and additional motivational interviewing (MI) for those in AUD group. The predictors of response to treatment (minimum of 50% reduction in depressive symptoms) during the first six months were analyzed with logistic regression models. Results In the total sample at six months (n = 150), predictors of response to treatment were more severe depression (OR 1.10, CI 1.02–1.18), larger amounts of alcohol consumed (OR = 1.16, CI 1.03–1.31) and antipsychotic medication “not in use” (OR = 0.17, CI 0.07–0.44). In the non-AUD group (n = 100), more severe depression (OR 1.12, CI 1.01–1.25) and antipsychotics “not in use” (OR 0.20, CI 0.06–0.67) also predicted a positive response. Among AUD group patients (n = 50), larger amounts of alcohol consumed (OR 1.54, CI 1.04–2.27) and antipsychotic medication “not in use” (OR 0.12, CI 0.02–0.60) predicted a response to the treatment intervention. Conclusions The severity of symptoms and comorbid disorders were found to predict better treatment response, suggesting that the intervention was more effective in patients with severe symptoms. Patients with depression should be treated effectively regardless of having concomitant AUD. The results of this study suggest that BA combined with MI should be one of the treatment options for this dual pathology. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT02520271 (11/08/2015).

Bakpia Menik is a Small and Medium Enterprise (UKM) which operates in the field of bakpia production. Bakpia is one of the local cakes which is the main souvenir from Yogyakarta, so there is a big potential for increasing production. However, SMEs still lack production management planning to optimize resource use. So it is difficult to capture this big opportunity to maximize profits for SMEs. Seeing these problems, this research designed an integer linear programming mathematical model to optimize profits by using existing resources. Integer Linear Programming (ILP) is a mathematical model for maximizing profit and minimizing cost based on a mathematical model involving integer variables represented in a linear relationship. This research produces an integer linear programming model that presents the variables, resources, and constraints of Bakpia Menik. The model output shows that the optimal production amount by maximizing resource use is 31232 units and the maximum profit is IDR 33,431,750. From the model output, it can also show the advantages and disadvantages of Bakpia resources, so that resource availability planning can be carried out which can minimize holding costs.

Abstract Background The predictive accuracies of screening instruments for identifying home-dwelling old people at risk of hospitalization have ranged from poor to moderate, particularly among the oldest persons. This study aimed to identify variables that could improve the accuracy of a Minimum Data Set for Home Care (MDS-HC) based algorithm, the Detection of Indicators and Vulnerabilities for Emergency Room Trips (DIVERT) Scale, in classifying home care clients’ risk for unplanned hospitalization. Methods In this register-based retrospective study, factors associated with hospitalization among home care clients aged ≥ 80 years in the City of Tampere, Finland, were analyzed by linking MDS-HC assessments with hospital discharge records. MDS-HC determinants associated with hospitalization within 180 days after the assessment were analyzed for clients at low (DIVERT 1), moderate (DIVERT 2–3) and high (DIVERT 4–6) risk of hospitalization. Then, two new variables were selected to supplement the DIVERT algorithm. Finally, area under curve (AUC) values of the original and modified DIVERT scales were determined using the data of MDS-HC assessments of all home care clients in the City of Tampere to examine if addition of the variables related to the oldest age groups improved the accuracy of DIVERT. Results Of home care clients aged ≥ 80 years, 1,291 (65.4%) were hospitalized at least once during the two-year study period. Unplanned hospitalization occurred following 15.9%, 22.8%, and 33.9% MDS-HC assessments with DIVERT group 1, 2–3 and 4–6, respectively. Infectious diseases were the most common diagnosis within each DIVERT groups. Many MDS-HC variables not included in the DIVERT algorithm were associated with hospitalization, including e.g. poor self-rated health and old fracture (other than hip fracture) (p 0.001) in DIVERT 1; impaired cognition and decision-making, urinary incontinence, unstable walking and fear of falling (p

Saleh Esa,1 Ori Segal,1,2 Arie Y Nemet1,2 1Department of Ophthalmology, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel; 2Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, IsraelCorrespondence: Arie Y Nemet, Department of Ophthalmology, Meir Medical Center, 59 Tshernichovsky St, Kfar Saba, 4428164, Israel, Tel +972 97471527, Fax +972 97472427, Email Nemet.arik@gmail.comPurpose: We measure changes in ocular surface sensation after pterygium surgery with a conjunctival autograft.Methods: This prospective, interventional study was carried out in patients, with nasal primary pterygium undergoing pterygium surgery with conjunctival autograft. Sensation was measured by applying the tip of the Cochet-Bonnet esthesiometer filament perpendicular to the ocular surface in the cornea and conjunctiva. Patients were tested preoperatively (baseline), and at 2 weeks, 2 and 4 months, postoperatively.Results: Nineteen eyes of 18 patients completed the 4-month follow-up. Mean age was 61± 10.1 (range 36– 76) years. Corneal sensation returned to normal values in all at 2 and at 4 months. The central cornea was significantly more sensitive compared to the average of the four peripheral measurements pre- (59.2 mm vs 48.3 mm, p=0.000) and postoperatively (59.2 mm vs 48.4 mm, p=0.000). Conjunctival sensation was reduced significantly 2 months postoperatively in the inferior region (p=0.04). Four months postoperatively, it was more sensitive in the superior area (13.9 mm vs 17.1 mm, p=0.01) and the inferior area (13.7 mm vs 19.5 mm, p=0.003). In each matching area, the cornea was significantly more sensitive than the conjunctiva pre- and postoperatively (p=0.00). Sensation was not significantly different between the sexes or age groups.Conclusion: This study demonstrates the presence of inferior and superior conjunctival hyperesthesia at conjunctival autograft sites after pterygium surgery. The healing process, sensory input, tear film instability and epitheliopathy of the ocular surface are possible explanations for these novel findings.Keywords: pterygium, esthesiometer, Cochet-Bonnet, ocular surface, sensory changes

Introduction. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a main endocrine disorder that may cause vascular complications as the disease progresses. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been linked to the development of micro and macrovascular diabetic complications. This study aimed to assess several factors including blood pressure, body mass index, lipid profile, kidney function, and glycemic control that may provide the rise of serum VEGF levels in type 2 DM subjects.

Budu,1,&ast; Tenri Esa,2,&ast; Hasta Handayani Idrus3,&ast; 1Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Hasanuddin, Makassar, Indonesia; 2Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia; 3Center for Biomedical Research, Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong Science Center, Cibinong – Bogor, West Java, Indonesia&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Budu, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Hasanuddin, Makassar, Indonesia, Email budu.spsuh@gmail.com

Indonesia's shrimp industry is growing rapidly, but a surge in shrimp waste such as shells and heads shrimps are increasing as well. These waste products contain important components such as protein, minerals, and amino acids. This study aims to determine the chemical properties of liquid broth extracted from freshwater and marine shrimp shells, including ash, protein, fat, monosodium glutamate (MSG), and antioxidant. The liquid broth was extracted by boiling shrimp shells and heads in water with a ratio of 1:2 for 1 hour at 80oC. Results indicate that the type of shrimp used did not affect the broth's ash, fat, protein, MSG, or antioxidant content. Marine and freshwater shrimp liquid broths contain 0.56% and 0.28% ash, 0.10% and 0.50% fat, 2.19% and 1.97% protein, 1.5291% and 1.6274% MSG, and 2263.73 ppm and 2786.2 ppm antioxidant.

In the laws of Iran and Canada, any assault on the body, property, communications with their types and types, information and secrets, dignity and reputation, privacy and privacy, opinions and thoughts, writing, by natural and legal persons is prohibited and violation of privacy. It is considered private. In Iranian laws, cases of privacy violations are widely criminalized and both disciplinary and criminal punishments are considered for it; Also, the victim is entitled to compensation due to civil liability. The methods of compensation for the violation of privacy in Iranian law have been widely seen; Although it is mostly aimed at compensating the material damage of individuals. In any case, methods including compensation for material and moral damage, restoration of dignity, the obligation to apologize as compensation for the loss of privacy are foreseen. In the Canadian legal system, compensations such as compensation, ransom, apology and other cases of compensation are available without being formulated in specific laws and limited to specific criteria, with the opinion of the hearing authority. For example, the Human Rights Court or any of the normal courts can consider the best and most complete compensation for the victim depending on the specific case and conditions of each case. In this article, we analyze the methods of compensation for the loss of privacy in Iranian and Canadian laws using a descriptive analytical method.

Rainer Maria Rilke is one of the few world-renowned writers of the early 20th century who grew up in a multilingual and multicultural environment, learned several languages over the course of their lives, and made them their own through their literary creations. Focusing on Rilke’s multilingual and multicultural identity, this article investigates the poet’s French-German creative process by examining the various creative manifestations of his poetic bilingualism. This study explores the genesis of The Notebooks of Malte Laurids Brigge, in order to investigate Rilke’s bilingual or even translingual writing process. The genetic and poetic analysis of this genesis is based on a manuscript corpus, including the draft (“Arbeitsliste”) preceding the manuscript of the Notebooks (“Berner Taschenbuch”), the final version of the work, as well as Rilke’s notes on the French translation of the Notebooks by Maurice Betz.

The phenomenon of the moral degradation of students' character is a hot topic of conversation in the world of education in modern times. The policies implemented in establishing character education as a reference for improving student morale. This study seeks to reveal the formation of Islamic character values through Ivan Pavlov's habituation method which was designed by the teacher, namely through stories of friends, songs, games, and hadiths. The method used is descriptive qualitative research. Researchers see the phenomena that occur in the field, then put it into a narrative form. The result of the research is that there is a change in Islamic character through the implementation of Ivan Pavlov's Theory in Forming the Islamic Character of Students at Aswaja Darul Falah Islamic Elementary School. Keywords: Ivan Pavlov's Theory, Islamic Character, Elementary School Abstract Fenomena degradasi moral karakter peserta didik menjadi perbincangan yang hangat dalam dunia pendidikan pada zaman modern. Kebijakan yang diterapkan dalam menetapkan pendidikan karakter sebagai acuan untuk memperbaiki moral peserta didik. Urgensi penelitian ini dapat membantu mengidentifikasi bagaimana penerapan prinsip-prinsip pembelajaran dengan teori Ivan Pavlov dapat membantu proses membentuk karakter Islami siswa di Sekolah Dasar Islam Aswaja Darul Falah. Jika metode tersebut terbukti efektif, hal ini dapat berdampak positif pada pengembangan akhlak dan perilaku Islami siswa. Pembentukan nilai-nilai karakter Islami melalui metode pembiasaan Ivan Pavlov dengan metode dari guru yaitu melalui kisah sahabat, lagu, games, dan hadist. Metode yang digunakan penelitian kualitatif jenis deskriptif. Peneliti melihat fenomena yang terjadi di lapangan, kemudian menuangkannya kedalam bentuk narasi. Hasil penelitian yaitu adanya perubahan karakter maupun sikap Islami melalui implementasi Teori Ivan Pavlov pada Siswa di Sekolah Dasar Islam Aswaja Darul Falah Keywords: Teori Ivan Pavlov, Karakter Islami, Sekolah Dasar

Abstract Background Cancer genome sequencing enables accurate classification of tumours and tumour subtypes. However, prediction performance is still limited using exome-only sequencing and for tumour types with low somatic mutation burden such as many paediatric tumours. Moreover, the ability to leverage deep representation learning in discovery of tumour entities remains unknown. Methods We introduce here Mutation-Attention (MuAt), a deep neural network to learn representations of simple and complex somatic alterations for prediction of tumour types and subtypes. In contrast to many previous methods, MuAt utilizes the attention mechanism on individual mutations instead of aggregated mutation counts. Results We trained MuAt models on 2587 whole cancer genomes (24 tumour types) from the Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) and 7352 cancer exomes (20 types) from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). MuAt achieved prediction accuracy of 89% for whole genomes and 64% for whole exomes, and a top-5 accuracy of 97% and 90%, respectively. MuAt models were found to be well-calibrated and perform well in three independent whole cancer genome cohorts with 10,361 tumours in total. We show MuAt to be able to learn clinically and biologically relevant tumour entities including acral melanoma, SHH-activated medulloblastoma, SPOP-associated prostate cancer, microsatellite instability, POLE proofreading deficiency, and MUTYH-associated pancreatic endocrine tumours without these tumour subtypes and subgroups being provided as training labels. Finally, scrunity of MuAt attention matrices revealed both ubiquitous and tumour-type specific patterns of simple and complex somatic mutations. Conclusions Integrated representations of somatic alterations learnt by MuAt were able to accurately identify histological tumour types and identify tumour entities, with potential to impact precision cancer medicine.

The aim of this study is to find out what importance upper secondary school learners of German attach to the cross-linguistic influence (CLI) regarding specific aspects of German language learning in Finland and Germany. Cross-linguistic learning gives learners additional skills to learn and understand structures and words in their mother tongue, a second language or a foreign language. The Finnish students (n=100) participating in our survey spoke Finnish as their mother tongue and studied German as a foreign language. German students spoke German either as their mother tongue (n=40) or as a second language (n=60), but they studied German as a native language. The survey data consisted of students' answers to one identical question that they were asked in the school years 2017-2020: 'How does the knowledge of the languages studied at school (Swedish, English, French, Spanish, Latin – cross-linguistic learning) affect their learning of German?' Our research methods were both quantitative and qualitative. The main results showed that the positive transfer on learning German was based on the perceived (objective) similarity of languages while the negative transfer was based on assumed (subjective) similarities which were in conflict with actual (objective) differences in German language learning processes and experiences of language learning. Skills in other languages contributed to learning German, but they also interacted positively and negatively with each other's learning. Learning to learn was found to be a unifying factor in language learning.

Abstract Background Single-step genomic best linear unbiased prediction (ssGBLUP) models allow the combination of genomic, pedigree, and phenotypic data into a single model, which is computationally challenging for large genotyped populations. In practice, genotypes of animals without their own phenotype and progeny, so-called genotyped selection candidates, can become available after genomic breeding values have been estimated by ssGBLUP. In some breeding programmes, genomic estimated breeding values (GEBV) for these animals should be known shortly after obtaining genotype information but recomputing GEBV using the full ssGBLUP takes too much time. In this study, first we compare two equivalent formulations of ssGBLUP models, i.e. one that is based on the Woodbury matrix identity applied to the inverse of the genomic relationship matrix, and one that is based on marker equations. Second, we present computationally-fast approaches to indirectly compute GEBV for genotyped selection candidates, without the need to do the full ssGBLUP evaluation. Results The indirect approaches use information from the latest ssGBLUP evaluation and rely on the decomposition of GEBV into its components. The two equivalent ssGBLUP models and indirect approaches were tested on a six-trait calving difficulty model using Irish dairy and beef cattle data that include 2.6 million genotyped animals of which about 500,000 were considered as genotyped selection candidates. When using the same computational approaches, the solving phase of the two equivalent ssGBLUP models showed similar requirements for memory and time per iteration. The computational differences between them were due to the preprocessing phase of the genomic information. Regarding the indirect approaches, compared to GEBV obtained from single-step evaluations including all genotypes, indirect GEBV had correlations higher than 0.99 for all traits while showing little dispersion and level bias. Conclusions In conclusion, ssGBLUP predictions for the genotyped selection candidates were accurately approximated using the presented indirect approaches, which are more memory efficient and computationally fast, compared to solving a full ssGBLUP evaluation. Thus, indirect approaches can be used even on a weekly basis to estimate GEBV for newly genotyped animals, while the full single-step evaluation is done only a few times within a year.

Desa Jambewangi merupakan salah satu kawasan penghasil buah naga di Kabupaten Banyuwangi. Setiap masa panen, semua hasil olahan buah naga selalu dimanfaatkan daging buahn ketika tidak semua terjual. Sehingga, kulit buah naga hanya dibuang untuk menjadi limbah atau sampah di sungai. Kegiatan sosialisasi pembuatan teh celup buah naga bertujuan memberikan sub-produk olahan baru dan mengoptimalkan Co-creation sebagai persiapan wisata agro dari Desa Jambewangi. Metode yang digunakan untuk mendukung kegiatan yaitu uji coba langsung pembuatan teh celup buah naga organik. Selain itu, masyarakat di Desa Jambewangi juga diajarkan pelatihan dalam membuat kemasan teh celup, agar nantinya teh ini dapat dikomersilkan secara luas dan diterima di pasaran. Hasil kegiatan ini menunjukkan bahwa antusiasme peserta sosialisasi terkait proses pembuatan, potensi sub-produk herbal, hingga model pengemasan dari teh celup buah naga organik. Selain itu, hasil diskusi sepakat adanya rencana kegiatan lanjutan dari sosialisasi.

We report on the discovery of a very prominent mid-infrared (18–25 μ m) excess associated with the trans-Neptunian dwarf planet (136472) Makemake. The excess, detected by the Mid-Infrared Instrument of the James Webb Space Telescope, along with previous measurements from the Spitzer and Herschel space telescopes, indicates the occurrence of temperatures of ∼150 K, much higher than what solid surfaces at Makemake’s heliocentric distance could reach by solar irradiation. We identify two potential explanations: a continuously visible, currently active region powered by subsurface upwelling and possibly cryovolcanic activity covering ≤1% of Makemake’s surface or an as-yet-undetected ring containing very small carbonaceous dust grains, which have not been seen before in trans-Neptunian or Centaur rings. Both scenarios point to unprecedented phenomena among trans-Neptunian objects and could greatly impact our understanding of these distant worlds.