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The purpose of this article is to propose a fuzzy logic system as a tool for automated risk identification of potential technical challenges and social barriers during the implementation of artificial intelligence-based co-bots on work-stations in manufacturing enterprises. On the basis of an extensive literature review, as well as industry reports and expert consultations, the basic challenges and enterprise barriers occurring during the implementation of changes in enterprises, especially during the implementation of the latest technologies, were selected. A fuzzy logic model was then developed that, based on the values of the input factors, generates an answer as to whether there is a risk of technical or social challenges in an enterprise when implementing the latest technologies. The results generated by the developed model, when confronted with expert knowledge, experience and subjective assessments, showed that the model works as expected. The results of the study suggest that the use of fuzzy logic can effectively support companies in detecting challenges and obstacles, thereby facilitating decision-making in reducing the risk of their occurrence. Adaptation to the conditions currently prevailing in the company allows for dynamic adjustment of co-bot deployment strategies, which in turn can lead to more effective management of technological changes and minimization of potential operational disruptions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the article there is an analysis of the national legal norms regarding the activities of audit committees, based on which the author concludes about their role in corporate governance in Ukraine. The determination of the economic competence of the audit committee of the board of directors is the article objective, which is achieved through the study and analysis of legislative acts and relevant scientific researches. The author states that the board of directors, in the course of exercising its economic competence, may, and in certain cases must, establish committees, including an audit committee, from among its members and other individuals, for the preliminary study and preparation of issues for discussion at meetings. The author concludes that the majority of members of the audit committee of a socially significant enterprise should not be affiliated with that enterprise (hold positions within it), and the chair of the committee should be appointed from among independent members. Taking into account the current national legal norms, the author concludes that the establishment of an audit committee by the board of directors may be mandatory, conditionally mandatory, voluntary, or conditionally voluntary. The grounds for such classification of prerequisites for the establishment of an audit committee by the board of directors are elaborated by the author in the article. To achieve the article objective, the author analyses the difference between external and internal audits. Based on the fact that several national corporations are required to conduct internal audits and establish an internal audit function (appoint an internal auditor), the article explores the boundaries of competence between the internal audit function (internal auditor) and the audit committee of the board of directors, and concludes that their competencies are not identical. Since the failure to establish an audit committee or not assigning relevant functions to an entity (subdivision) may lead to administrative liability for responsible individuals, the author examines the grounds for such liability. However, the conclusion is that the practical implementation of the relevant national norm regarding liability is currently absent due to the lack of amendments to the Code of Ukraine about Administrative Offenses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This scientific article examines the impact of the development of information and communication technologies on the field of management. The author examines how technological progress in the field of information technologies affects the efficiency and competitiveness of enterprises. Among the main problems associated with the introduction of ICT in the field of economy, the author singles out the following: difficulties in choosing the optimal software and equipment that will meet the needs of the enterprise; preservation and security of information, as a large amount of data is stored using modern technologies; the implementation of ICT requires additional investments, which becomes an important factor for many business entities. The article considers various aspects of the impact of ICT on economic activity. The author notes that the use of modern technologies allows enterprises to improve management processes, optimize production processes, reduce costs, and ensure increased profitability. The author claims that thanks to the use of digital technologies, enterprises can automate many routine processes and provide more accurate demand forecasting, inventory and production management. The article analyzes the judicial practice of the impact of the development of information and communication technologies on the sphere of business. The analysis of judicial practice shows the need to apply means of protection of commercial information that can be obtained with the help of information and communication technologies. Challenges and opportunities brought by digital technologies to enterprises in the field of economy are considered. The author notes that the development of ICT opens up new opportunities for enterprises in the market, while simultaneously presenting them with new challenges related to digital competition and cyber security. On the basis of the conducted research, conclusions were formed regarding the influence of the development of information and communication technologies on the sphere of management. The author sees the study of cyber security and its impact on business as one of the prospects for further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anchored on the economies of scale of production theory, this study utilized Nigeria’s firm-level enterprise survey data of the World Bank collected through stratified random sampling of 2 676 firms and face-to-face interviews with the application of the multinomial logit model to examine how enterprise productivity influences the size of firms in Nigeria. It was found that raising enterprise productivity relates to about 0.0009261 insignificant fall in the relative log odds of running micro-sized firms, about 0.010299 significant rise in relative log odds of having medium-sized firms, and about 0.0201428 significant encouragement in relative log odds of running large-sized enterprises/firms when related with small-sized enterprises/firms. It is recommended that governments at all levels (state, federal, and local), should encourage micro-sized firms in a bid to make them increase their productivity level. This encouragement can come in the form of providing increased access to credit, the provision of raw material inputs, and constant electricity supplies. The original contribution of this research work is hinged on its empirical contribution in the study area since there is dearth of literature in the study area as no study has looked at firm size and enterprise productivity in Nigeria using evidence from firm-level data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims at assessing business landscape and growth determinants of micro- and small enterprises working in WASH sector. The study also investigates the effect of determinant factors on enterprise growth. The study population comprised 6000 enterprises working in six cities. The study used varieties of data collection instruments including questionnaire administered with randomly selected enterprises and collected valid data from a total of 300 enterprises; conducted 24 Key informant interviews with different officials in the Cities who are concerned with WASH products and services including private WASH goods and service suppliers; conducted 12 FGDs with utility officers; community representatives; enterprise owners to triangulate the data come up with the questionnaire result. The WASH business landscape in Ethiopia faced several challenges that hinder its ability to create demand for WASH products and services among enterprises. These challenges include inadequate and ineffective demand creation efforts, low capacity of private commercial operators, limited financial services available to both the private sector and households, inadequate business support services at the local level, and inadequate workspace for WASH enterprises. However, there are also several drivers of WASH sector development in the city, such as increased government commitment to supporting access to WASH services through policies and budget support, support from development partners like the World Bank, and an increase in the city's population. The structural equation modeling result revealed that finance resources, administrative skills, marketing competence, and technical support were found to be significant. However, infrastructure facility was found insignificant. The study recommended that the government and stakeholders come together to support enterprises and play their roles in the growth of enterprises in Ethiopia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: the aim of the research results presented in the article is to strengthen a better understanding of the processes related to the transformation of hard coal mining in Poland, in particular the preparation of employees and their representatives, as well as employers from transformed areas for the upcoming changes. In this perspective, anticipating future skills against the internal potential of entrepreneurs becomes more and more important. It is a key element that enables entrepreneurs to adapt to changes, create innovative solutions and remain competitive on the market. Methodology: in the space of challenges and changes outlined in the article, qualitative research was carried out focused on predicting future skills from the perspective of entrepreneurs' internal capital. The research was conducted using the focus group interview (FGI) and in-depth individual interview (IDI) methods. Resultat: research results on predicting future skills in the perspective of the internal potential of entrepreneurs in transformed areas, indicate that these are areas characterized by major changes in the economy, technology and environment, which requires entrepreneurs to be able to quickly adapt to new conditions and the ability to adapt their activities to market requirements. Originality: predicting the future skills and potential of entrepreneurs in transformed areas is difficult due to the dynamic changes taking place in these areas and the complexity of factors influencing their development. Therefore, it is important that the approach to the identified problem areas is flexible and takes into account the changing needs of entrepreneurs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to identify and analyze the key determinants that influence the decisions of agile organizations to implement renewable energy sources. The study aims to understand which socio-economic and technological factors have the greatest impact on these decisions. Design/methodology/approach: The research was based on quantitative analysis conducted through a survey among representatives of agile organizations. The collected data was then subjected to statistical analysis, including the calculation of the Gini coefficient to assess the concentration of respondents' preferences. Findings: Research has shown that the development of new technologies and job creation are the most important determinants influencing decisions regarding the implementation of renewable energy sources. The results suggest that agile organizations give equal weight to different factors, which indicates a balanced approach to the energy transition. Research limitations/implications: The limitations of the research are the subjective nature of respondents' answers and the limited representativeness of the sample, which may affect the generalization of the results. In addition, dynamically changing technologies and regulations may affect the validity of the results in the future. Practical implications: The research results suggest that agile organizations should develop strategies that balance multiple determinants when implementing renewable energy sources. Investments in modern technologies and job creation can contribute to improved operational efficiency and market competitiveness. Social implications: The implementation of renewable energy sources supports sustainable development and contributes to environmental protection, which is gaining increasing public support. Organizations that engage in such activities can build a positive image as socially and ecologically responsible. Originality/value: The article adds value through a comprehensive analysis of the determinants influencing the use of renewable energy sources in agile organizations, emphasizing the importance of a sustainable approach. The study provides new conclusions that can support further development of energy strategies in a dynamically changing business environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The role of a low-profile visualized intraluminal support stent (LVIS) and Enterprise in the treatment of unruptured intracranial aneurysms is well established. Although previous studies have investigated one single type of stent for the treatment of ruptured intracranial aneurysms (RIA), the safety and efficacy between the two types of stents has not been fully explored. Herein we conducted a study to compare the outcomes of the two stents for treatment of RIA. This is a prospective registry database of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) patients admitted to a single institution between 2018 and 2021. We collected patient baseline information, secondary complications, follow-up angiographic data, long-term prognostic outcomes, and conducted propensity score matching (PSM) analysis with 1:1 ratio and a multivariable logistic regression to compare the outcomes of the two types of stents. A total of 231 patients with RIAs were included in this study, with 108 treated using the LVIS device and 123 treated using the Enterprise device. Before PSM analysis, only the incidence of poor prognosis after 12 months was higher in the Enterprise group comparing to the LVIS group (20% vs. 10%, P = 0.049). After PSM analysis, there was a higher occurrence of delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) in the Enterprise group compared to the LVIS group (odds ratio [OR] 3.95, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.20–13.01], P = 0.024). However, no significant difference in prognosis was observed after PSM adjustment. Furthermore, subgroup analysis revealed that patients with female (P = 0.019), hypertension (P = 0.048), and anterior circulation aneurysms (P = 0.019) receiving the Enterprise device had a higher risk of DCI. The overall efficacy of LVIS and Enterprise in the treatment of RIA is comparable, while the incidence of DCI in the LVIS group is lower than that in the Enterprise group after PSM analysis. Registration number: NCT05738083 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) has emerged as a cost-effective diagnostic tool that significantly augments physical examinations. Positioned as an extension of traditional examination methods, particularly appealing to the upcoming generation of clinicians, it holds promise in potentially replacing the stethoscope in various medical assessments and procedures. The University of Rochester is deploying 2500 POCUS machines, enhancing compliance for image storage and documentation. Halfway through our 4-year deployment plan, we will discuss our governance structure, educational initiatives, and credentialing strategies. While POCUS adoption has seen organic growth over the past decade, our aim is to implement a comprehensive strategy ensuring adherence to established protocols for image storage and documentation. At present, we have successfully deployed 789 probes, with integration across 64 departments or divisions into our IT platform. Notably, this implementation has resulted in a remarkable 116% increase in hospital charges, underscoring the tangible impact of POCUS integration. However, achieving compliance and education among established providers has proven to be challenging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of competition law, the concept of an enterprise includes any entity engaged in economic activity, irrespective of the legal status of that entity and how it is financed. From this definition of the company, we can see its characteristics, which are essentially the economic activity of this entity on the one hand and its legal independence on the other. Any conduct in the market can only be considered if the undertaking concerned carries out an economic activity, i.e., an activity of production, distribution or import and export. It must also be independent of other companies in the same market. In other words, each company must be in a position to compete with the other to create perfect competition in the market. Therefore, competition law prohibits anti-competitive practices only if economic and independent entities commit them. Through this study, we will highlight the concept of the institution in competition law, whether from a legal or economic perspective, and we will learn about the conditions for applying competition rules to the institution as a key element in the market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze and evaluate the consumption of thermal energy in a coal mining enterprise with separate business units, in the context of securing energy reserves and effectively managing the consumption of this energy. Design/methodology/approach: Based on the aggregation and analysis of historical data of thermal energy consumption, the method of statistical analysis of aggregated data from individual business units of the coal mining company was applied. Findings: The applied statistical analysis of the aggregate data made it possible to verify the planned short-and long-term activities for each group of facilities of the coal mining company. Research limitations/implications: The further direction of the research requires verification of the obtained results of the statistical analysis, after completing the data of thermal energy consumption in the following years and correlating the obtained results with the introduced pro-efficiency measures in the enterprise so as to clarify the division of the enterprise's facilities into individual groups. Practical implications: Statistical analysis of thermal energy consumption, can become an effective tool to support the process of managing pro-efficiency measures in mining enterprises with separate business units. Social implications: The right approach of coal mining companies to thermal energy analysis and management can contribute to securing energy reserves for the local environment in which the company operates. Originality/value: The presented classification of facilities into groups A, B and C and the use of statistical analysis to verify the introduced measures to reduce thermal energy consumption have not yet been introduced and tested in the Polish coal mining industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on establishing a comprehensive methodology for evaluating agility levels in enterprises. Topics include the significance of agility in adapting to rapidly changing market conditions, the development of a maturity model that outlines different levels of agility, and the practical application of this methodology within organizations to improve decision-making and enhance overall performance.

The article analyzes double taxation agreements and reveals a number of shortcomings that actually contribute to income shifting. The main shortcomings of the agreements are the application of the principle of residency and the definition of a special mechanism for the payment of passive income. The term "resident" does not have a precise and specific definition. Individuals and legal entities can be residents of many countries at the same time, and identifying a resident's affiliation to a specific country has a high corruption potential. And the determination of the jurisdiction of the enterprise is also carried out according to the concept of "being managed by a resident". In the age of digital technology and the Internet, almost any place on planet Earth can be considered a place of control. Therefore, these concepts should be first and foremost specified in the legislation of Ukraine and applied in all concluded agreements on the avoidance of double taxation. In particular, it is necessary to determine whether the enterprise belongs to the jurisdiction of the state in whose territory it is located (it also applies to subsidiaries with the status of a legal entity). And income taxation is carried out according to the principle of source - income is taxed where the enterprise is actually located, the added value is produced, the salary is paid and the profit is received. The concept of "resident" of the country should be replaced by the more specific concept of citizen. When taxing royalties, a distinction should be made between industrial property and copyright. Industrial property is taxed at the place of its use for obtaining income and is paid from the profit that remains after the payment of taxes, contributions and fees provided for by the legislation of the country of the source of income. The fee for the use of the copyright is paid as a reward. The proposed definitions should be used in all double taxation treaties, although the author sees no need to retain these treaties. Therefore, it is possible to propose to denounce all current agreements of Ukraine on the avoidance of double taxation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the last two decades, business has taken a more systematic approach to understanding its impact on all of its stakeholders. Companies are striving to operate in a more sustainable way to improve the environmental, social and economic impact of their activities. Even today, the interest in determining the value of a company or parts of a company has not waned. As the economy continues to evolve, there are reasons and impulses that encourage companies to find out what their value is. The new approach is dependent on re-thinking value creation. There has been a growing understanding that sustainability requires a more comprehensive view of value that includes economic, social and environmental benefits. The aim of this paper is to propose a methodology for determining the sustainable value of an enterprise with respect to the factors influencing its value. This study is based on information that was gathered through an extensive literature review (research publications and research studies; the company's financial statements with notes) using Internet and research databases and the authors' own experiences. Methods of analysis, comparison, selection, abstraction, induction, deduction and statistics were used. The main findings of this study are as follows: the stakeholders require a company's sustainable value; the modification of the EVA method with the sustainable value approach brings a different perspective to the issue of determining the value of an enterprise. In addition to the positives, the proposed methodology has limitations that can be removed or improved with further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this article is to propose a fuzzy logic system as a tool for automated risk identification of potential technical challenges and social barriers during the implementation of artificial intelligence-based co-bots on workstations in manufacturing enterprises. On the basis of an extensive literature review, as well as industry reports and expert consultations, the basic challenges and enterprise barriers occurring during the implementation of changes in enterprises, especially during the implementation of the latest technologies, were selected. A fuzzy logic model was then developed that, based on the values of the input factors, generates an answer as to whether there is a risk of technical or social challenges in an enterprise when implementing the latest technologies. The results generated by the developed model, when confronted with expert knowledge, experience and subjective assessments, showed that the model works as expected. The results of the study suggest that the use of fuzzy logic can effectively support companies in detecting challenges and obstacles, thereby facilitating decision-making in reducing the risk of their occurrence. Adaptation to the conditions currently prevailing in the company allows for dynamic adjustment of co-bot deployment strategies, which in turn can lead to more effective management of technological changes and minimization of potential operational disruptions.

Abstract This study aims at assessing business landscape and growth determinants of micro- and small enterprises working in WASH sector. The study also investigates the effect of determinant factors on enterprise growth. The study population comprised 6000 enterprises working in six cities. The study used varieties of data collection instruments including questionnaire administered with randomly selected enterprises and collected valid data from a total of 300 enterprises; conducted 24 Key informant interviews with different officials in the Cities who are concerned with WASH products and services including private WASH goods and service suppliers; conducted 12 FGDs with utility officers; community representatives; enterprise owners to triangulate the data come up with the questionnaire result. The WASH business landscape in Ethiopia faced several challenges that hinder its ability to create demand for WASH products and services among enterprises. These challenges include inadequate and ineffective demand creation efforts, low capacity of private commercial operators, limited financial services available to both the private sector and households, inadequate business support services at the local level, and inadequate workspace for WASH enterprises. However, there are also several drivers of WASH sector development in the city, such as increased government commitment to supporting access to WASH services through policies and budget support, support from development partners like the World Bank, and an increase in the city’s population. The structural equation modeling result revealed that finance resources, administrative skills, marketing competence, and technical support were found to be significant. However, infrastructure facility was found insignificant. The study recommended that the government and stakeholders come together to support enterprises and play their roles in the growth of enterprises in Ethiopia.

Production and economic situation observed in product manufacturing makes the problem of personnel management even more topical in view of needs in highly-qualified labour resources. The article provides analysis of HR condition at the industrial enterprise. The analysis is based on statistical data and information collected within the frames of personnel policy monitoring. Certain aspects of HR policy were compared with regard to attracting labour personnel into production sphere at modern industrial enterprise. Challenges of upgrading HR policy were studied with due regard to professional suitability. Special attention was paid to the necessity to implement the program of advanced training based on requirements of production and gathered experience.

SDGs Goal 8 aims to promote decent work and economic growth. The government must guarantee inclusive economic growth and development for disabilities. An inclusive economic environment should be guaranteed, as mandated by the Disabilities, Employment, and Job Creation Law, which also accommodates MSMEs. The tourism and creative industries are independent economic sectors contributing to DI Yogyakarta’s image and revenues. As an independent local economic actor and an MSMEs Yogyakarta-based, Sagata creates an inclusive environment. Sagata empowers local people with disabilities as craftsmen workers, showing inclusivity in recruitment and acceptance of disabilities. The method used in this research is normative-empirical legal research. Data were collected using an in-depth literature study. Data analysis uses Miles and Huberman qualitative data analysis. It is important to understand the Sagata’s efforts to realise the mandates. The findings show that Sagata is important in realising economic development and supporting efforts to implement the SDGs and related laws. Related to civic engagement value, these show that marginalised people can contribute even on a small economic scale.

The study uses general scientific and special methods, the main of which are: abstract-logical, deductive, inductive, historical, modelling and forecasting, methods of system-structural, system-functional analysis, economic and statistical (grouping, comparison, etc.). The use of system analysis methods made it possible to structure the constituent elements of the regulatory and legal support of public administration in the field of protection of atmospheric air and airspace of Ukraine. The purpose of the article is to characterise the protection of atmospheric air and airspace of Ukraine in the regulatory, legal, environmental and economic aspects. It is determined that the regulatory framework for regulating the principles of atmospheric air safety is a component of the mechanism for ensuring environmental safety. The article emphasises that for the first time the principles of environmental safety were enshrined in the Declaration of State Sovereignty of Ukraine, where the principles of environmental safety were established at the level of a separate section. It is emphasised that the functional content of the administrative and legal protection of atmospheric air includes: ensuring air pollution within the limits of the maximum permissible emission standards in order to ensure the right of a person to a safe and quality environment; greening of production; introduction of ecological fuel quality standards; greening of the energy cluster of the economy, including through the introduction of the principles of decentralisation of the country's energy system; establishment of information interaction between the participants of legal relations in order to ensure the transparency of economic activities related to environmental pollution; formation of a high level of environmental legal awareness, etc. The article draws a conclusion that ensuring proper quality of atmospheric air is a component of the mechanism for ensuring environmental safety. The authors underline that the understanding of the system of regulatory and legal regulation of atmospheric air and airspace protection should be functionally aimed at ensuring compliance with environmental standards for the operation of such facilities in accordance with economic feasibility and social justification. The paper concludes that atmospheric air safety and airspace safety are part of the national security system, where the former is a component of environmental safety and the latter is a component of state security, and should be understood as the state of atmospheric air and the integrity of the air environment, for which physical, chemical and biological properties are established which create favourable and sufficient conditions for the vital activity of people and settlements.

The article explores the relationship between enterprise and territory, delving into and applying the concepts of embeddedness and affective economy to ethnographic analysis. In doing so, it examines and deepens the case study of the Italian alpine village of San Lazzaro and its Formatge , a local product for which the community is known and characterized as a tourist destination. The analysis of food stories collected among the various actors of the community focusing on this product highlights not only the deep integration between company knowledge and ideals and community horizons but also demonstrates how companies and products cannot be understood outside the community context in which they are produced and contribute to building.

The introduction to the special issue "Inside and Outside Enterprises" presents anthropological perspectives on the debate surrounding the ethnography of entrepreneurship and globalized labor. It particularly examines the concept of the "double movement" formulated by Karl Polanyi, reflecting on the "applicable" contributions that the articles offer regarding developing and improving the local and global economic systems.

The ultimate aims of the research are to identify, on the basis of a systematic analysis, the peculiarities of digitalization of the processes of establishing business entities in Ukraine, to structure the relevant totality of organizational and managerial actions in the context of the actual state and potential of their digitalization, to develop a methodology for quantifying the degree of digitalization in the business establishment procedure and assess the impact of its individual organizational components on the final integrated indicator of digitalization. In modern research, significant attention is directed towards the digitalization of economic activities. The article proves the importance of systematically structuring the processes involved in establishing business entities to determine the extent of their digitalization. Such an approach enables the identification of components within the business establishment process that hold promise for digital transformation, representing a crucial factor in enhancing the efficiency of both the business sector and state regulatory institutions. The article provides a comparative analysis of the digitalization processes involved in establishing businesses in the “individual entrepreneur” and “Limited Liability Company” formats. This comparison enabled the identification of specific dependencies regarding the degree of digitalization within the establishment process based on the organizational and legal structure of the business being established. Methodical approaches for quantifying the degree of digitalization in the processes of establishing business entities were proposed. The article presents a structure for the processes of establishing business entities in Ukraine, which consists of six stages. Within each stage, corresponding sets of organizational actions are outlined, distinguishing between digital and non-digital forms. The potential for transforming non-digital organizational actions into digital ones was also identified. A methodology for expert evaluation of the weighting coefficients of the importance of individual components (organizational actions) of the overall process of business establishment was proposed. Based on the application of this methodology, quantitative parameters for assessing the strength of the impact of individual organizational actions on the overall level of digitalization of the process of establishing business entities were suggested. The article also justifies the priority directions for further digitalization of the process of establishing business entities in Ukraine. The key actors in implementing these directions are both the founders of business entities and managers, as well as the relevant state bodies. The article introduces indicators of the average and marginal propensity of founders to digitalize organizational actions when establishing business entities. The indicator of the marginal propensity for digitalization is essential for evaluating the dynamics of digitalization in the processes of establishing business entities. Its utilization enables the determination of how the overall level of digitalization in the business establishment process will change due to the transformation of another “traditional” organizational action into a digital format. The article calculates the actual degree of digitalization of the processes of establishing business entities in Ukraine on the examples of “individual entrepreneur” and “Limited Liability Company”. A methodology was developed and calculations were conducted to assess the potential for its enhancement through further digitalization of a certain totality of organizational actions.

In modern times, economic security stands as one of the primary strategic objectives for any state. However, achieving economic security is unattainable without the stable operation of enterprises. Amidst a constantly evolving external environment, the economic security of enterprises becomes a prerequisite for their survival. To this end, evaluating the financial indicators of enterprises and identifying areas for improvement are imperative. The state of an enterprise’s financial indicators is traditionally regarded as the primary factor ensuring its economic security, as these indicators reflect the ultimate outcome of its operations. To analyze the financial indicators of an enterprise effectively, it is essential to establish evaluation criteria and parameters. The significance of accurately defining criteria for evaluating the financial indicators of a company primarily stems from the necessity to ensure its security and formulate and execute effective management decisions. Relevance of the topic. Today, enterprises operate amidst various uncertainties such as crises, pandemics, inflationary processes, and price fluctuations observed worldwide. In such conditions, enterprises are compelled to operate efficiently, compete for market influence and income, accurately assess and enhance financial indicators, and identify, analyze, and neutralize negative effects that may threaten economic security. Conversely, enterprises should promptly analyze their financial indicators to develop a set of measures aimed at bolstering their competitive positions and enhancing the efficiency of their operations. These aspects underscore the relevance of the article’s topic. The purpose of the article is to study financial indicators, their evaluation, determination of resources for increasing profit and profitability, and the impact of those indicators on the financial activity of enterprises and economic security. Evaluating the financial indicators of enterprises aims to determine the indicators for analyzing their current financial situation and identifying areas and actions required to enhance these indicators. Additionally, it involves exploring methods to influence the economic security system of enterprises through the improvement of financial indicators. Achieving these objectives necessitates accurate assessment, forecasting, and management decisions to enhance the financial situation of the enterprise. Research methods. The article was written using theoretical-methodical approaches, systematic approach, comparative analysis, factor analysis, graphic analysis and economic-statistical methods. Scientific innovation. It is justified that evaluating the financial condition of an enterprise and assessing its economic security complement and depend on each other, being inseparably linked. Economic security can only be fully ensured in conditions of continuous financial development. It has been established that when evaluating the financial condition of the enterprise, all its economic indicators should be monitored, enabling the enterprise to swiftly and effectively adapt to changing environmental conditions. Given these considerations, the importance of closely examining, enhancing, and bolstering the financial stability of an enterprise’s financial indicators in ensuring economic security has been justified. Additionally, the authors have proposed the primary directions for improving the financial indicators of an enterprise.

The essay addresses the impact that digital-based organizational innovations have on the structure and function of the due diligence rule. After considering the complexity of organizational systems and the need for systematic thought control, the author relates diligence and professionalism, considering this as a synthesis of the supplier's knowledge, know-how and know-how to be, and emphasizes the renewed importance of the company's interest as a guiding criterion in the performance of the service.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Social and economic processes, which create a combination of capital and intelligence, influence the development of the urbanization process. Urban areas develop together with economic growth. The main factor influencing the growth of the economy is the increase in production, which should be based on quality management through the implementation of a business model for the innovative development of the enterprise in the context of economic security. Thus, the purpose of the research is to define and characterize the components of the business model of an enterprise’s innovative development based on economic security and to describe the main practical aspects of its implementation.METHODS: Using general scientific and special research methods, the theoretical and categorical content was analyzed and specified, namely, the essence of urbanization, innovative activity, innovative development, and business models of the enterprise’s innovative development were revealed. The main principles contributing to the effective operation of innovative enterprises were defined.FINDINGS: It was substantiated that strategic business development provided a business model in which all business processes were identified and analyzed, and development was optimized considering correlations. The main features of the business reflected in the business model were specified. Considering that during the implementation of the innovative development strategy, the business model is aimed at managing the chain of innovative value creation, the basic background for the implementation of the business model was determined. To form a model of innovative development in the context of economic security, the aspects of adaptability of innovative development were investigated. The business model of the enterprise’s innovative development in the context of economic security was formed, and its components and their significance were determined. The main practical aspects for implementing the business model of the enterprise’s innovative development were highlighted. It was noted that in the conditions of a dynamic market environment, full of dangers and threats, 40% of the success of further implementation should be based on taking into account well-known theoretical and methodological aspects, and 60% should be the ingenuity of the personnel of the enterprise on which the business model is being formed.CONCLUSION: The business model ensures the transformation of innovative technologies into economic benefits for the company. The practical application of the proposed business model with selected components would contribute to the increase of the enterprise’s innovative potential and its development during current activity and in the future.

Today, project activities permeate all areas of the functioning of a traditional industrial enterprise, playing a key role in marketing, research and development, production and sales. In the conditions of a market economy, complex enterprise restructuring projects, which include subprojects for updating the product portfolio, organizational and production restructuring, implementation of financial management and controlling, are of particular importance. The orientation of projects towards achieving certain goals creates a significant internal potential for effective management. The company’s project activities include planning, analysis, implementation, control and evaluation of projects. It helps to improve work efficiency, enhance competitiveness and increase the profitability of the business. An important element is the use of logistic solutions that provide comprehensive services for investment projects. Logistic processes include management of material flows, movement of resources, control, physical distribution of resources, warehousing and optimization of transport and warehouse complexes. The efficiency of logistic processes is determined by several aspects: understanding needs, identifying critical paths and risks, coordinating the supply chain, selecting suppliers, concluding contracts, organizing transportation, routing, tracking, packaging, warehousing, and inventory. In addition, cost control and flexibility of logistic processes are essential for the successful implementation of projects. Project activities require proper coordination of all processes – from planning to monitoring the implementation of tasks. Coordination between different parts of the enterprise, risk management, and sourcing are key aspects of successful project management. Careful organization of project activities allows enterprises to increase work efficiency, competitiveness and achieve their goals.

Enterprises are currently facing difficult decisions due to the threats caused by the ongoing economic crisis, the war in Ukraine, and inflation. Due to broken supply chains, companies are struggling with rising costs and problems in the supply of raw materials. The economies have turned towards local markets. Companies are looking for ways to become independent from global suppliers and are trying to look for those who offer similar goods but in closer proximity to diversify supplies. Difficulties in recruiting appropriate staff cause problems related to staff turnover and changes in the organizational culture of the company. The research shows that companies focus less on strategies for entering new markets and focus on waiting out the difficult period and generating as few losses as possible. Companies that were already struggling with problems and did not manage to return to the pre-pandemic state after the pandemic are starting to implement a strategy of survival in the market. As research by other researchers indicates, innovation and the creation of new products are strongly related to the crisis. Companies, faced with changing market rules, are looking for new solutions. Companies that have been operating in the market longer cope better with changes and are more prepared for crises than young enterprises.

Strategic management and strategy as a tool for managing business development have become responses to the increasing instability of the external environment. With the advent and development of digital technologies, there has been another quantitative and qualitative leap in the growth of uncertainty in the operating conditions of industrial enterprises. In order to remain competitive, they have embarked on a digital transformation process, the success of which also largely depends on having a clear strategy for implementing the transformation. The requirements for such a strategy, and the methods and tools used to develop it, are in some respects very different from those used in traditional strategic management. This determines the research relevance in the field of determining the nature of the digital strategy of the industrial enterprise, methods and tools for its development. It is shown that a digital strategy is a strategy for business development in a digital environment and that the key problem in its development is the need to significantly increase flexibility while maintaining a certain stability. Analysis of trends in the area of adaptation and development of methods for strategy development in the digital environment was carried out. Four broad sets of methods for increasing strategic flexibility have been identified: based on scenario development, experimentation, the use of organisational and management mechanisms, and on the use of ecosystem capabilities. Taking into account the stages of digital transformation process of the industrial enterprise and the basic practices of adaptive management, a landscape of methods and tools for the formation of a digital strategy of a company has been built up, allowing to broaden the understanding and to make a reasonable choice of an instrumental and methodological base. The concept of a minimum viable strategy is highlighted as a promising direction for developing a flexible digital strategy for an enterprise. A tool for its development is proposed in the form of a one-page presentation (canvas) that logically combines the key components of a digital strategy, ensuring its flexibility and sustainability.

The modern agricultural sector is going through a period of intense transformation caused by both internal and external factors. In the context of active globalisation, business entities are forced to withstand fierce competition and therefore need to constantly adapt to the environment. This creates an urgent need for agribusiness enterprises to constantly improve their approaches and mechanisms of operation. Continuous adaptation requires flexibility, innovation and strategic thinking. Changes in the economic, political and technological landscape require businesses to respond quickly to new opportunities and challenges to ensure their competitiveness and sustainability. This constant process of adaptation is becoming a prerequisite not only for success, but also for survival in today's global business environment. The purpose of the article is to develop an innovative mechanism for improving the competitiveness of agribusiness enterprises. Methodology. The methodological basis of the study, which objectively reveals and substantiates the problem of increasing the competitiveness of agro-industrial enterprises using the model of the innovation mechanism, is based on such special and general scientific methods as: monographic, logical-theoretical, statistical and economic-mathematical, visualisation, system analysis, neural network modelling, logical generalisation, abstraction and conclusion formation. The information base of the study was formed by the materials of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, statistical yearbooks, scientific developments of scientists on the defined topic, and financial statements of the studied enterprises. The subject and object basis of the study is the entrepreneurial activity of agricultural enterprises in Vinnytsia Oblast: Agricultural complex "Zelena Dolyna", PJSC "Dashkivtsi", LLC "Selyshchanske", FE "Yavir", FE "IRYNA – O.T". The results of the study have shown that the innovation mechanism, which consists in ensuring the management of innovative development of agribusiness enterprises, involves adjusting the business environment of an economic entity to achieve a cumulative effect from the efficient use of innovative and energy potentials. The paper emphasises that the cumulative effect means that the effect of the interaction of innovation and energy resources exceeds the simple effect of the impact of each of them separately. Practical implications. The authors calculated the indicators of competitiveness of the studied agricultural enterprises of Vinnytsia Oblast; assessed the level of innovation potential of these enterprises; determined the indicators of energy potential. On the basis of the obtained diagnostic results, a fuzzy knowledge base has been formed and a multicomponent decision-making system has been built for various combinations of values of the components of the innovation mechanism.

This study aims to analyse enterprises' performance in terms of the National Innovation System – NIS in three Africans countries: Egypt, Côte d'Ivoire and Cameroon. Drawing inspiration from the Schumpeterian approach of innovation and using the World Bank Enterprises Survey (WBES-2016) data, we estimated a multinomial logit model. The results show that innovation system's different spheres (academic, governmental, enterprise, societal and environmental) of the quintuple helix contribute more to improving the performance of technological innovation in Egypt than in other countries. In addition, the analyses enabled us to highlight the embryonic state of the NIS in Africa. Thus, underlying innovation policies have been proposed to improve enterprises' performance in terms of the NIS in the different countries studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Española de Orientación y Psicopedagogía (REOP) is the property of Revista Espanola de Orientacion y Psicopedagogia (REOP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper reviews literary sources by highlighting studies that explore various aspects of organizational culture in Montenegro, Serbia, North Macedonia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Slovenia. We have chosen this approach because these countries were once part of the Socialist Federative Republic of Yugoslavia, where similar understandings and value systems regarding organizational operations were long established. The value systems that emerged are undoubtedly a result of the transition processes that these countries underwent, shifting from socialist economic systems to market economies. In all the states that belonged to the unique area of the Socialist Federative Republic of Yugoslavia, a nearly identical understanding and long period of time established the same or similar business systems. After the collapse of the country and the formation of independent states, each country went through the same path of transition and found itself in an objectively difficult position. The transition manifested itself through economic transformation, primarily the affirmation of private property, followed by frequent minor economic changes, changes in regulations, political turmoil, crises, and disasters. Therefore, all of these factors had to impact the formation of attitudes, values and norms in the way employees think and behave. The formation of organizational cultures in their companies retained certain specificities that are the result of their national cultures. Research into organizational culture literature reveals that many authors approach the study of this phenomenon by focusing on its impact on organizational performance. The increased importance of theoretical research into organizational culture in different contexts, as demonstrated in this work, stems from the need to consider the management strategy structure within enterprises. Organizational culture influences nearly all aspects of business operations. It affects, to varying extents, key elements such as business strategy, organizational structure, performance style, and company change. It shapes the entire organizational framework, making it a critical factor in business success. The success of many companies has reinforced the belief that a strong organizational culture is crucial for achieving business success. According to this perspective, a strong organizational culture, characterized by a cohesive set of values, beliefs, and behavior patterns, leads to higher productivity and better goal achievement. This success is attributed not to financial capital or cheap labor but to the strength of the organizational culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper presents the results of a study characterizing managers of enterprises operating in the Beskids Region. The research attempts to identify selected personality traits of managers and assess the impact of these traits on organizational management. This research presents a picture of the existing reality and approaches to the use of abilities, creativity and skills of the manager in the Beskids Region. The research attempted to identify selected characteristics of managers that can affect organizational management. The research was a pilot study. The main objective of the study is to better understand the subject and satisfy the knowledge of the manager's work and his characteristics, which significantly affect the management style of a particular organization. Design/methodology/approach: The research attempts to identify selected personality traits of managers and assess the impact of these traits on organizational management in the Beskids Region. A diagnostic survey method was used for the study. A survey questionnaire was used as a tool. Findings: The results of the pilot study confirmed the general thesis that business management is influenced by the manager's personality traits and the manager's skills. Research limitations/implications: This research should be treated as pilot research. It is proposed to increase the number of surveyed managers in the Beskids Region. Practical implications: It is proposed to introduce systematic conducting continuous monitoring of the perception of the impact of managers' personality traits on company management in the Beskids Region. Making managers aware of the importance of the impact of their personality traits on company management and achieved results will encourage them to develop themselves and participate in training and training in the field of human resources management. Originality/value: New in the paper is an identification and analysis of the impact of managers' personality traits on company management in the Beskids Region. Effective managers should use liberating management, which stems from the resilience of the organization and a positive attitude towards the efforts of employees performing specific tasks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The aim of the article is to present various approaches to organizational identity, with particular reference to the approach of J.M.T. Balmer (2017) and various approaches to values. Moreover, presenting the results of empirical research on the perception of organizational identity by enterprise employees and values in relation to own construct of values oriented towards the functioning of enterprises in their various aspects. Design/methodology/approach: Theoretical research in the field of organizational identity and values in the enterprise. Conducting own empirical research, also in relation to own value construct, which takes into account various aspects of the company’s operation, also relations with the environment. The article is an innovative approach to the presented topic due to the use of author’s own value construct in relation to empirical research. Findings: According to the conducted research, all of the above-mentioned features of the organizational identity of the entities, the respondents are employed in, were considered important. These include: organizational type of the enterprise, purpose(s) of the enterprise/organization, area of activity, geographical scope, ethos and values, market position, management method and employee behaviour, markets and customers served, quality of products and/or services. Moreover, it was shown that all the areas included in the author’s value construct are important for the surveyed employees, i.e. customer service, quality, responsibility, teamwork. Research limitations/implications: Further research will focus on the remaining features of organizational identity by J.M.T. Balmer, also in relation to the analysis of the approach of representatives of different age groups and industry specificity. Moreover, it is worth including the cultural context in future research and indicating, on the basis of a representative sample, how representatives of lower levels of management and the management staff of enterprises approach the aspects discussed in this article. The study has some limitations. The results cannot be generalized because the sample was not selected probabilistically. Practical implications: The presented original value construct can constitute a set of indications for further diagnosis and modification of the development paths of an economic entity, also in the perspective dimension. Its application can be universal and the research results obtained on its basis may support the targeting of programs to improve the management of various types of business entities, also in the context of shaping their organizational identity. Social implications: The research presented in the article is part of the research trend that serves to shape attitudes conducive to building awareness of corporate social responsibility in the context of the presented approach to values oriented not only to the development of the enterprise but also to shaping appropriate relations with the environment. Originality/value: The study showed the perception of organizational identity by company employees in connection with the values identified in author’s own construct. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In modern times, economic security stands as one of the primary strategic objectives for any state. However, achieving economic security is unattainable without the stable operation of enterprises. Amidst a constantly evolving external environment, the economic security of enterprises becomes a prerequisite for their survival. To this end, evaluating the financial indicators of enterprises and identifying areas for improvement are imperative. The state of an enterprise’s financial indicators is traditionally regarded as the primary factor ensuring its economic security, as these indicators reflect the ultimate outcome of its operations. To analyze the financial indicators of an enterprise effectively, it is essential to establish evaluation criteria and parameters. The significance of accurately defining criteria for evaluating the financial indicators of a company primarily stems from the necessity to ensure its security and formulate and execute effective management decisions. Relevance of the topic. Today, enterprises operate amidst various uncertainties such as crises, pandemics, inflationary processes, and price fluctuations observed worldwide. In such conditions, enterprises are compelled to operate efficiently, compete for market influence and income, accurately assess and enhance financial indicators, and identify, analyze, and neutralize negative effects that may threaten economic security. Conversely, enterprises should promptly analyze their financial indicators to develop a set of measures aimed at bolstering their competitive positions and enhancing the efficiency of their operations. These aspects underscore the relevance of the article’s topic. The purpose of the article is to study financial indicators, their evaluation, determination of resources for increasing profit and profitability, and the impact of those indicators on the financial activity of enterprises and economic security. Evaluating the financial indicators of enterprises aims to determine the indicators for analyzing their current financial situation and identifying areas and actions required to enhance these indicators. Additionally, it involves exploring methods to influence the economic security system of enterprises through the improvement of financial indicators. Achieving these objectives necessitates accurate assessment, forecasting, and management decisions to enhance the financial situation of the enterprise. Research methods. The article was written using theoretical-methodical approaches, systematic approach, comparative analysis, factor analysis, graphic analysis and economic-statistical methods. Scientific innovation. It is justified that evaluating the financial condition of an enterprise and assessing its economic security complement and depend on each other, being inseparably linked. Economic security can only be fully ensured in conditions of continuous financial development. It has been established that when evaluating the financial condition of the enterprise, all its economic indicators should be monitored, enabling the enterprise to swiftly and effectively adapt to changing environmental conditions. Given these considerations, the importance of closely examining, enhancing, and bolstering the financial stability of an enterprise’s financial indicators in ensuring economic security has been justified. Additionally, the authors have proposed the primary directions for improving the financial indicators of an enterprise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ultimate aims of the research are to identify, on the basis of a systematic analysis, the peculiarities of digitalization of the processes of establishing business entities in Ukraine, to structure the relevant totality of organizational and managerial actions in the context of the actual state and potential of their digitalization, to develop a methodology for quantifying the degree of digitalization in the business establishment procedure and assess the impact of its individual organizational components on the final integrated indicator of digitalization. In modern research, significant attention is directed towards the digitalization of economic activities. The article proves the importance of systematically structuring the processes involved in establishing business entities to determine the extent of their digitalization. Such an approach enables the identification of components within the business establishment process that hold promise for digital transformation, representing a crucial factor in enhancing the efficiency of both the business sector and state regulatory institutions. The article provides a comparative analysis of the digitalization processes involved in establishing businesses in the “individual entrepreneur” and “Limited Liability Company” formats. This comparison enabled the identification of specific dependencies regarding the degree of digitalization within the establishment process based on the organizational and legal structure of the business being established. Methodical approaches for quantifying the degree of digitalization in the processes of establishing business entities were proposed. The article presents a structure for the processes of establishing business entities in Ukraine, which consists of six stages. Within each stage, corresponding sets of organizational actions are outlined, distinguishing between digital and non-digital forms. The potential for transforming non-digital organizational actions into digital ones was also identified. A methodology for expert evaluation of the weighting coefficients of the importance of individual components (organizational actions) of the overall process of business establishment was proposed. Based on the application of this methodology, quantitative parameters for assessing the strength of the impact of individual organizational actions on the overall level of digitalization of the process of establishing business entities were suggested. The article also justifies the priority directions for further digitalization of the process of establishing business entities in Ukraine. The key actors in implementing these directions are both the founders of business entities and managers, as well as the relevant state bodies. The article introduces indicators of the average and marginal propensity of founders to digitalize organizational actions when establishing business entities. The indicator of the marginal propensity for digitalization is essential for evaluating the dynamics of digitalization in the processes of establishing business entities. Its utilization enables the determination of how the overall level of digitalization in the business establishment process will change due to the transformation of another “traditional” organizational action into a digital format. The article calculates the actual degree of digitalization of the processes of establishing business entities in Ukraine on the examples of “individual entrepreneur” and “Limited Liability Company”. A methodology was developed and calculations were conducted to assess the potential for its enhancement through further digitalization of a certain totality of organizational actions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Strategic Issues of Northern Hungary ECONOMY-REGION-SOCIETY / Észak-magyarországi Stratégiai Füzetek GAZDASAG-REGIO-TARSADALOM is the property of University of Miskolc, Faculty of Economics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

China's carbon market is an important way to achieve carbon peak by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060. Blockchain technology can solve the problems of low trading efficiency, poor liquidity and regional heterogeneity in China's current carbon market. this paper explores the scenario of applying blockchain technology to China's carbon market. Firstly, this paper considers the allocation of carbon quota in the carbon market based on blockchain technology under policy regulation. The study found that the development of carbon trading pilots was uneven, and some pilot carbon trading volumes were low, presenting a situation of "no market price". Secondly, it describes the enhancement effect of blockchain technology on the carbon market from the perspective of technology and multiple factors. Considering only the technical factors, the enhancement process is an "inverted L" shape, while considering the superposition factors, the enhancement effect is approximately an "S" shape. Finally, based on the social learning model of major technological changes, the paper describes the process of dynamic utilization of blockchain technology by carbon trading enterprises and simulates the evolution law. The government should introduce relevant policies to guide the implementation of blockchain technology in the carbon market to strengthen the vitality of the carbon market and meet the expectation of carbon emission reduction. This paper provides theoretical support for the integration of blockchain technology into China's carbon market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Enterprise challenges are teaching activities that allow students to develop and pitch a creative idea in response to a real-life challenge, usually posed by a charitable organisation. Students work in teams to develop their ideas and draw on their subject knowledge, as well as entrepreneurial processes, to articulate their product or service that addresses the challenge. These activities have the potential to enhance psychological literacy as they provide an opportunity to utilise psychological knowledge and skills in novel and unfamiliar ways and urges students to find creative solutions to societal problems. This article presents the rationale and structure to design an enterprise challenge in psychology teaching and uses two case studies to show diverse ways of delivering these teaching events. Evaluation data from six previous challenges show that students self-rate their perceived psychological literacy and entrepreneurial orientation higher after having participated in an enterprise challenge. These teaching activities present a propitious way of enhancing psychological literacy in the curriculum and supporting students on their journey to develop as global citizens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The global supply chain is a complex system of systems made up of and relying on other complex systems of systems (SoS) to achieve its goals. To take a typical example, Enterprise A is supplied essential parts on a regular basis to manufacture its products. To place the order requires global financial systems, integrated email systems, the internet, multiple telecommunications systems, and supply software provided by large companies. To deliver the parts may require air and maritime transportation systems, the rail network, interstate highway systems, road haulage companies, state and local transportation systems and so forth. When any of these complex systems fail, the impact can be global, and the results catastrophic. Recent examples include the shortage of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) during the COVID pandemic, computer chip shortages delaying the assembly and sales of cars, and, most recently, the baby formula shortage. These were due to disruptions in the supply chain caused by an overreliance on single sourced suppliers who failed to deliver, transportation disruptions, outsourcing of critical parts, supplies, medicines to distant countries, and/or an overreliance on "Just In Time" for inventory management. This is the case of placing too many eggs in too few baskets, and often just one basket. Counterfeit or substandard parts and products can enter the supply chain via graft, breaks in chain of custody, or carelessness. This has included critical mechanical parts on aircraft, chips containing spyware, and substandard or out of date medicines substituted for the real thing resulting in serious illness and death. This complex SoS needs to be examined, studied, and understood in the same way as a mission critical system; threats, vulnerabilities, and risks need to be identified and mitigated and assurance cases defined to ensure a solid and reliable supply chain. This paper will look at the supply chain of an example factory system to determine how some of these problems can be predicted, prevented, mitigated, and solved using the UAF, RAAML and assurance case techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to explore the concept of 'enterprise' in the context of Systems Engineering (SE). The term 'enterprise' has been used extensively to generally describe large complex entities that have an extensive scope of operations. However, a deeper examination of 'enterprise' significance for SE can provide insights as our challenges continue with increasingly complex, uncertain, ambiguous, and integrated entities struggling to thrive in the future. The paper explores three central topics. First, the concept of enterprise is introduced as a central aspect of the future focus for SE, as recognized in the INCOSE SE Vision 2035. Second, a more detailed examination of the enterprise concept is developed in relationship to SE. The thrust of this examination is to understand the nature and role of 'enterprise' across a broad spectrum of literature and knowledge, ultimately providing a more informed perspective of enterprise for SE. As part of this exploration, a bibliometric analysis of the term 'enterprise' is performed. This exploration extracts key themes (clusters) in the 'enterprise' literature. Third, challenges for further development and inculcation of 'enterprise' within the SE discipline and support for realization of the SE 2035 Vision are suggested. These challenges point out the need to 'think differently' about 'enterprise' within the SE context. 'Enterprise' is proposed as a central, albeit different, perspective for the SE discipline. The paper closes with a first‐generation perspective for 'enterprise' in pursuit of the SE Vision 2035. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to present an approach for determining the most effective administrative and legal guidelines for the standardization of financial reporting in modern open socio-economic systems. It emphasizes the current state of financial reporting of these open socio-economic systems at the time of analysis and the application of the proposed approach. As the most common form of open socio-economic systems today, enterprises are taken as the basis. The method of multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA), which encompasses various approaches to decision-making based on multiple criteria, including hierarchical analysis, was applied. In addition to its comprehensiveness, the method of pairwise comparison, which involves the use of two elements for comparison, was also applied. Experts were involved in the assessment and determination of the administrative and legal guidelines. As a result, an approach to forming key administrative and legal guidelines for the standardization of financial reporting was developed, which, unlike other similar approaches, aims to take into account external environmental factors and the changes they bring in order to try to adjust financial reporting standardization policies in complex development conditions. The practical value is revealed in the possibility of application by state bodies and structures involved in the development and establishment of financial reporting standards in Ukraine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The market capitalization of an enterprise is one of the key indicators that characterize the degree of influence of financial and non-financial instruments on its volumes and dynamics. Establishing the relationship between such instruments and metrics of equity and cash flows best outlines the plane of their direct impact on stimulating market capitalization and implementing effective management measures in the context of optimizing the use of equity and cash flows. The purpose of the study is to establish how the impact of indicators of financial and non-financial instruments on equity and cash flows forms an appropriate basis for making managerial decisions to increase the market capitalization of enterprises. As a result of the study, the toolkit for increasing the market capitalization of the enterprise from the standpoint of its grouping in terms of financial and non-financial plane was clarified. It was found that among the 36 analyzed indicators of the impact on equity and cash flows of the studied machine-building enterprises in Ukraine during the period 2010-2021, the most significant are bank lending, investment and technical metals, research and development costs, foreign scientific and technical services received, production investments, work-in-progress, and accounts payable for products, goods, and services. The results were transformed into a model of ranked instruments for stimulating the market capitalization of machine-building enterprises, which demonstrates the degree and directions of the influence of indicators of financial and non-financial instruments on the dynamics of equity and cash flows, which ensures the formation of an information database for making decisions on the further use of such instruments. The structuring of the toolkit serves as the basis for forming a system of management decisions containing practical recommendations within each group of instruments aimed at optimizing market capitalization through increased equity and cash flows of the enterprise. The obtained results will be beneficial to financial analysts of enterprises in preparing databases for making financial and non-financial decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to enhance the effectiveness of social governance and accelerate economic development, this paper explores the role of diversified and inclusive policies introduced by local governments in service innovation and competitive performance, as well as their impact on improving local governance. From the perspective of social governance, several hypotheses are proposed, including: what role inclusive policies play in service innovation and competitive performance; Has diversification policy improved service innovation and competitive performance; Can the government's diversified and inclusive policies improve the social governance environment and enhance binding laws and regulations; Can service innovation and competitive performance provide conditions for social governance. The analysis results indicate that diversified and inclusive policies can effectively improve service innovation and competitive performance, and directly affect social governance. Inclusive and diverse policies can significantly improve service innovation and competitive performance, and drive them towards a positive direction. Service innovation and competitive performance are good conditions for social governance, providing support for the improvement of relevant laws and regulations. Therefore, the government should introduce diversified and inclusive policies to promote the development of service innovation and competitive performance, create a good external environment for social governance, and promote the improvement of relevant laws and regulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Social and economic processes, which create a combination of capital and intelligence, influence the development of the urbanization process. Urban areas develop together with economic growth. The main factor influencing the growth of the economy is the increase in production, which should be based on quality management through the implementation of a business model for the innovative development of the enterprise in the context of economic security. Thus, the purpose of the research is to define and characterize the components of the business model of an enterprise's innovative development based on economic security and to describe the main practical aspects of its implementation. METHODS: Using general scientific and special research methods, the theoretical and categorical content was analyzed and specified, namely, the essence of urbanization, innovative activity, innovative development, and business models of the enterprise's innovative development were revealed. The main principles contributing to the effective operation of innovative enterprises were defined. FINDINGS: It was substantiated that strategic business development provided a business model in which all business processes were identified and analyzed, and development was optimized considering correlations. The main features of the business reflected in the business model were specified. Considering that during the implementation of the innovative development strategy, the business model is aimed at managing the chain of innovative value creation, the basic background for the implementation of the business model was determined. To form a model of innovative development in the context of economic security, the aspects of adaptability of innovative development were investigated. The business model of the enterprise's innovative development in the context of economic security was formed, and its components and their significance were determined. The main practical aspects for implementing the business model of the enterprise's innovative development were highlighted. It was noted that in the conditions of a dynamic market environment, full of dangers and threats, 40% of the success of further implementation should be based on taking into account well-known theoretical and methodological aspects, and 60% should be the ingenuity of the personnel of the enterprise on which the business model is being formed. CONCLUSION: The business model ensures the transformation of innovative technologies into economic benefits for the company. The practical application of the proposed business model with selected components would contribute to the increase of the enterprise's innovative potential and its development during current activity and in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Historical scholarship on Chinese diasporic enterprise has largely rejected culturalist paradigms in favour of structuralist ones, but the question of culture remains contentious. It has also been addressed primarily via case studies of Southeast Asia's largest and most prominent Chinese firms. Through examining the collection of 101 Chinese insolvency and bankruptcy files created in Sydney between 1857 and 1926, this paper presents an unseen view of Chinese diasporic enterprise. It argues that Chinese entrepreneurs employed strategies common across business in Australia, coined and used distinctive methods of their own and applied cultural resources imported from China within complex and dynamic Chinese Australian entrepreneurial approaches. That these were so nuanced, I suggest, reveals the considerable scope for balancing different practices in Chinese business overseas that existed beyond the most familiar examples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The aim of the article is to examine the agile behavior of enterprises in the context of the ecological use of IT equipment. The focus was on analyzing how enterprises implement Green IT practices and how these activities affect their operational and environmental efficiency. Design/methodology/approach: The research methodology was based on an anonymous survey among 578 enterprises representing various sectors of the economy. The survey aimed to collect data on practices related to the successive replacement of IT equipment, the implementation of technological innovations, the use of energy-saving devices and the integration of Green IT as an element of a business strategy. Findings: Research has shown that enterprises that regularly replace IT equipment with new ones are more likely to implement technological innovations and use energy-saving devices. Strong correlations were observed between the implementation of innovations and energy efficiency. Choosing suppliers that promote Green IT is an important factor for companies striving for sustainable development. Research limitations/implications: Research limitations include the subjectivity of respondents' responses and the lack of full representativeness of the sample. Focusing on specific aspects of the green use of IT equipment may have omitted other important factors. Research results have limited validity due to changing regulations and technologies. Practical implications: The research results suggest that enterprises should focus on the gradual replacement of IT equipment with modern and energy-saving ones and on the integration of innovative technological solutions. This approach not only reduces energy consumption, but also reduces operating costs and improves the company's image as environmentally responsible. Social implications: Implementing Green IT solutions as an element of a business strategy contributes to the protection of the natural environment and supports sustainable development. Companies that promote agile and green practices can gain greater trust from customers, business partners and local communities. Originality/value: The article adds value by comprehensively analyzing the links between enterprise agility and their green practices in the use of IT equipment. The study highlights the importance of integrating Green IT into business strategies and shows how such activities can bring both operational and environmental benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to describe the enterprise architecture (EA) model in the management of Islamic institutions in Indonesia in the Industrial Era 5.0, which can be used as a reference for carrying out the activity process. This study was conducted using descriptive qualitative -- which provides data or documents in a complete, orderly, and gradual manner -- so as to be able to provide valid, reliable, authentic, and verifiable information. Data collection techniques used was interviews, documentation, observation, data analysis, and literature study. Based on this research, the EA model in Islamic tertiary institutions consists of facilities and infrastructure, staffing, finance, business units, offices, marketing, main activities, learning activities, and learning technology. This model can be implemented and used as a reference for Islamic tertiary institutions to carry out the activity process. Based on this research, the EA model in Islamic tertiary institutions consists of facilities and infrastructure, staffing, finance, business units, offices, marketing, main activities, learning activities, and learning technology. This model can be implemented and used as a reference for Islamic tertiary institutions to carry out the activity process. To sum up, the implementation of EA is a solution in the era of Information Technology 5.0 that thrives on the values of effectiveness, efficiency, accountability, user-friendliness, familiarity, and real-time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]