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Copyright of Revista de Indias is the property of Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article focuses on relations between Brazil and Angola between 1648 and 1822. It therefore concentrates more on justifying Angola's strong dependence on Brazil, emphasising the repercussions of this independence, especially in the Benguela region, which was the scene of diplomatic-military disputes between the Kingdom of Portugal and the Empire of Brazil.

The central aim of this article is to understand and analyse the internal and regional motivations of the River Plate Basin states and their external ties, in order to elucidate the political situation that would lead the Empire of Brazil to issue an ultimatum to the Uruguayan government in April 1864 and, subsequently, to invade Uruguayan territory, provoking the Paraguayan intervention in Mato Grosso and in the adjoining Argentine territory, in order to reach Rio Grande do Sul. The Paraguayan War would begin in December. We consider that the causes of the conflict were fundamentally centred on inter-Platin relations, particularly involving free navigation on the Paraná and Paraguay rivers, Brazil's interests in Uruguay, the ambition of the Argentinian leader Bartolomé Mitre (1862-1868) to consolidate the newly achieved political unity and the threats to the limited regional stability posed by the expansionist and militaristic policy of the Paraguayan dictator Solano López (1862-1870). We conclude that the United Kingdom did not orchestrate the war, nor that it was the result of British imperialism, but rather an expression of the tradition of violence of the 1860s, which characterised the process of building the national state in the River Plate Basin. In fact, the end of the conflict would make nationalism, previously unknown to everyone, clear as a determining element in the process of building a national state in the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Historia Constitucional is the property of Revista Historia Constitucional and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Anuario Colombiano de Historia Social y de la Cultura is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias Humanas, Departamento de Historia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

During the second half of the 19th century, the World’s Fairs were the largest mega-events in the world. Peripheral nations, European empires and their former colonies shared a physical space in which they could proudly exhibit their social and technological advances towards a utopian model of modern society. The recently created Empire of Brazil (1822-1889) took advantage of these opportunities to forge its own identity. Nevertheless, the Brazilian organizing committees of these events seemed uneasy with the fact that the country was one of the last nations in the Western Hemisphere which hadn’t abolished slavery. In this article, we have used the concept of symbolic annihilation (a term that comes from communication sciences) to analyze the means used by Brazilian committees to avoid the topic of slavery.

Copyright of Educacao e Pesquisa is the property of Faculdade de Educacao da Universidade de Sao Paulo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Clio: Revista de Pesquisa Histórica (01024736) is the property of Universidad Federal de Pernambuco / Revista Clio and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Colección is the property of Pontificia Universidad Catolica Argentina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The following work focuses on the legal status of offenses against press freedom under the Criminal Code of the Empire of Brazil, whether common crimes, special crimes, or political crimes. In light of the absence in the historiography of historical-legal investigations into this unique issue, this article has sought to analyze historical sources, such as doctrines on criminal and constitutional law by the Empire’s authors, as well as contemporary literature on history, law, and other fields of knowledge distinct from law. The result reveals a disparity in sources on offenses against press freedom, classifying them as regular crime, crime sui generis, private crime, and political crime, with the latter type predominating. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Caravelle: Cahiers du Monde Hispanique et Luso-Bresilien is the property of Presses Universitaires du Mirail and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Procesos: Revista Ecuatoriana de Historia is the property of Universidad Andina Simon Bolivar, Sede Ecuador and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

During the period spanning independence in 1822 to mid‐century, Brazil's south‐east shifted from specializing in the export of cane sugar to coffee. This article explores the mechanism underlying this shift by exploiting a wealth of new monthly data on the Brazilian and international coffee and cane sugar markets during the period 1827–40. It argues that the timing of the coffee boom was driven by a rapid increase in foreign market potential associated with the abolition of the tariff on coffee in the US. It estimates that American tariff reform served to increase coffee exports and African slave imports by around one‐fifth. American firms, with indirect links to the slave trade, rapidly became major players in the export market in Rio de Janeiro, while non‐American firms, traditionally specialized in continental European destinations, turned their sights on the American market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Estudos Ibero-Americanos is the property of EDIPUCRS - Editora Universitaria da PUCRS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Clio: Revista de Pesquisa Histórica (01024736) is the property of Universidad Federal de Pernambuco / Revista Clio and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article explore how Brazilian thinker Euclides Da Cunha's 1902 Sertões critically rewrites Argentine writer and statesman Domingo Faustino Sarmiento's 1845 Facundo, o civilización y barbarie. It mentions that in 1889 Brazil had overthrown the Hemisphere's last monarchy and embraced republican government under a president, and reports the region's uneven process of political, social, and economic modernization during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.

What can be found in the yellow pages of the periodicals from the 19th century is still immeasurable. The press is an intrinsic part of building a country, and working with this source reflects the richness and countless possibilities of history-making. This paper aims at showing the result of the material analysis of the printed periodical O Espelho [The Mirror, a magazine for literature, fashion, industry, and arts], and demonstrating how choosing this methodological path may also clarify questions about dubious authorship by acclaimed Brazilian writers, such as Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tempo (1413-7704) is the property of Universidade Federal Fluminense, Departamento de Historia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Oficina do Historiador is the property of EDIPUCRS - Editora Universitaria da PUCRS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Clio: Revista de Pesquisa Histórica (01024736) is the property of Universidad Federal de Pernambuco / Revista Clio and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Maracanan is the property of Revista Maracanan and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Between 1862 and 1889, the Empire of Brazil participated in the most important World’s Fairs in Europe and the United States. Especially within the scope of the exhibitions in Paris (1867), Vienna (1873), and Philadelphia (1876), one of the most frequently visualized topics was the Paraguayan War, which the exhibition organizers staged as an epical battle between “civilization” and “barbarism”. Besides, by constructing a “national memory” of the victory over the descendants of the indigenous Guaraní, generally considered as “savages”, Brazil sought to present itself as regional power as well as a society whose racial composition was about to change by the process of “whitening”.

This article deals with the reform in the Naval Academy’s statutes in 1858 in order to observe the evolution of a political and military project for naval and Imperial Navy officers. Such reform matched with conservative political project of the Empire of Brazil that sought to insert the innovations of Western modernity with the traditions inherited from the colonial period. The Imperial Navy was rescued as a state administration arm and introduced himself as a space where aspects of civilization, the new understanding of the military role in the West and the scientific and technological developments of the period were experienced.

Copyright of História Unisinos is the property of Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the War of Paraguay, in the Cordillera Campaign and the final stage of the hunt and capture of Solano López, General José Correia da Câmara, military and political Rio Grande do Sul, stood out as top commander of the allied forces. Our goals in this article are - through the analysis of the letters received and sent by General - scale its performance in the final phase of the war and also noted that in the period covered, Câmara emerged as an important political figure in the frames of the political system of the Empire of Brazil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Procesos Historicos is the property of Universidad de Los Andes (Venezuela) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

An essay on the British Empire and the suppression of the slave trade to Brazil in the mid-19th century is presented. Topics include the impact of the British tariff reforms, the different causes of the suppression of the Brazilian slave trade including international diplomatic relations, the social practices of Bantu-speaking African slaves in the Paraiba Valley that allowed for the 1848 slave conspiracy, and the geopolitical conditions sustaining the country's pro-slave trade policy.

This paper presents the question about the history of present time and its relations with the concept of history in the early nineteenth century in Brazil. The starting point of the discussion is the article Memoria Historica e Documentada da Revolução da Provincia do Maranhão desde 1839 até 1840, published by Gonçalves de Magalhães an influential Brazilian history journal in 1848. The goal is to analyze the condition of the historian as a subject involved in his own time, the delimitation of history field, its methods and limits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aimed to present a brief historiographical debate on land politic in Imperial Brazil, and the study related to the implementation of the 1850 Land Law in the province of Santa Catharina Plateau(Law Nº. 601 of September 18, 1850 and Decree Nº. 1318 of January 30, 1854 which regulates the implementation of the Law), with emphasis in Lages and in the parishes of Curitibanos and Campos Novos (emancipated of the jurisdiction of Lages during the last decades of the nineteenth century). The study was conducted based on purchasing requirements of devolutas (vacant) lands, produced between 1850 and 1889, provided by the law as the only legal form of access to land. As an agricultural frontier and population expanding, in the nineteenth century, the Santa Catarina Plateau was occupied in different ways - that go beyond the provisions of Law -, which reverberated in complex regulatory strategies of the property

Copyright of Revista de Sociologia e Política is the property of Revista de Sociologia e Politica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper stems from the near disappearance of references to the Principais of the indígenas avilados (Natives living in colonial villages) in the documentation about the province of Grão-Pará, in the 1820s and 1830s. By reducing the role of the Principais in workforce recruitment and descimentos (the transfer of Native villages to colonial towns), the Royal Charter of 1798 added to the increased integration of old Native villages to colonial towns. In the first half of the nineteenth century, the result appears to have been a different social organization from the one established by the Diretório. On one hand, these aspects should be taken into account when examining the issue of Native identities, which, in spite of an adverse scenario, remained quite clear in the provincial society. On the other hand, changes in Native labor organization also strengthened officials of the Milícias de Ligeiros. As political actors, they started having a leading role in the province, always marked by the opposition to groups identified as liberal. Finally, this paper includes some notes on the attempts of city councils to protect Natives from abuses. In a preliminary way, we examine whether Native voices were still preserved in such spaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of IBEROAMERICANA. América Latina - España - Portugal is the property of Vervuert Verlag and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This essay aims to propose some reflections about the possibilities of study on the military and military institutions from the social history. Using the Naval Council, an advisory body created in the organizational structure of the Secretariat of State for the Navy in the Second Empire, we propose the study of the relationship between civilians and military from the first insertion of the military. In addition to widespread ignorance about the role of this institution to the Navy Ministry and the Imperial State in general, does not know the role of the Naval Council of monarchy among the institutions through which circulated the elites of the Empire, because, since its Initially, the institution in question was occupied by great personalities such as the Viscount of Rio Branco and Zacarias de Goes e Vasconcelos.

This article analyzes the origins of party politics in the Empire of Brazil with the ob-jective of the dignity of human beings.

In this paper, we propose an analysis of the constant redefinition of the role of “Government Council” in the political and administrative organization of the provinces of the Empire of Brazil. We consider in particular the discussions around their creations in the Constituent Assembly of 1823 and subsequent assignments increase from a debated and enacted legislation during the First Empire and initial years of the Regency; the discussions to their extinction in 1834; and perceptions of the experience offered by their actions present in the proposals made in the second half of the nineteenth century for the reinstatement of auxiliary institution for the provincial Presidents.

Copyright of Revista de Indias is the property of Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

On April 13, 1831, a great popular uprising took place in the capital of Bahia. Its goal was to avenge the murder of a Brazilian individual by a Portuguese, a few days after the abdication of King Pedro i. This explains the acute tension between the expressions "being Portuguese" and "being Brazilian" in Bahia and Brazil during the first reign (1822-1831). The presente article relates the murder incident to the general formation and affirmation process of Brazilian national identity in the first moments of the Brazilian empire. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article seeks to examine the multiple socioeconomic occupations of the free population of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, when slave charqueadas were at their peak. It attempts to demonstrate that the site, which had in the production of jerked beef and hides its major economic sector, showed a significant urban population, with notable professional diversification. However, the article is not restricted to those issues, aiming also at demonstrating that individuals and social groups were hierarchically arranged in the society of that time, setting up a social structure in which a minority concentrated wealth and material resources at the expense of a majority. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article chronicles contestations between religious actors, represented by the Brazilian Santa Casa de Misericórdia Catholic lay brotherhood and the French nun order, the Daughters of Charity, on one hand, and emergent psychiatrists, on the other, over the governance of the Hospício Pedro II, Brazil's first public asylum. It investigates how psychiatrists, as apostles of professional rationality, developed their ideas about reason and bureaucratic power in a contested site of religious charity during Brazil's Second Empire (1852-90). Apart from sharing ideological ground about the need to seclude the insane in the asylum, I argue that these groups brought divergent and entangled epistemologies about the constructions of madness, its treatment, and its bureaucratic governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]