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2 results on '"EMISSION REDUCTION GOALS"'

1. Växthusgaser och regional tillväxt : Ett ohållbart dilemma?

Author

Hassani, Hamed and Hassani, Hamed

Abstract

Both Sweden and the European Union have set numerous goals to reduce the emission of greenhouse gasses. At the same time, regional growth is desired in most, if not all of Sweden’s counties. With economic- and population growth being essential for reaching this desire, there is a potential conflict brewing. Is it feasible to reduce the emission of greenhouse gasses while at the same time actively working on growing the economy and the population?This paper has explored this idea in Sweden largest counties Stockholm, Skåne and Västra Götaland. The development in these counties over the last decade or so show that reduced emissions and regional growth in fact have been compatible. Not only that, the county with the largest population, population growth and largest gross regional product, Stockholm, has also had the largest decrease in greenhouse gas emission over the period. The trend of the emission reductions in these three counties are also compatible with the Swedish and European emission targets. However, the trend does indicate the actual development of greenhouse gas emission over a longer period. The findings indicate that reduced greenhouse gas emission can and have coexisted with regional growth.

Published
2020

2. Developing Monitoring and Evaluation Systems for the National Climate Change and Low Carbon Green Growth Strategy and Action Plan in Romania

Author

World Bank

Subjects
SOLID WASTES, PRODUCERS, EMISSION REDUCTION GOALS, CARBON CONTENT, CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION, SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT, EMISSION TARGET, GASES, LOGGING, EMISSION TRENDS, POLICY MAKERS, TRADABLE PERMITS, WASTE RECYCLING, LAND USE, EMISSIONS, RENEWABLE ENERGY, LANDFILLS, EMISSIONS REDUCTION, VALUES, RESOURCE ALLOCATION, EMISSIONS INVENTORIES, EMISSIONS TRADING PROGRAMS, OIL, INCENTIVES, TOTAL EMISSIONS, OPTIONS, TRANSPORT SECTOR, GAS, FORESTRY SECTOR, ABATEMENT, RISK MANAGEMENT, GREENHOUSE GAS, MODELS, SUBSIDIES, ECOLOGY, FOREST MANAGEMENT, CAPACITY, LANDFILL, FISH, POLLUTION, FARMS, PRICES, GREEN HOUSE GASES, TIMBER, EXPLOITATION, GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORIES, GLOBAL WARMING, GOLD, LOW-CARBON, EMISSION FACTORS, AGGREGATE EMISSIONS, GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY, SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, DECISION MAKING, ENVIRONMENT, PUBLIC EXPENDITURES, GHGS, DRINKING WATER, ENERGY BALANCE, CONSUMPTION, AQUIFERS, EMISSIONS PROJECTIONS, ENVIRONMENTAL, PATENTS, FUEL TYPE, WASTE MANAGEMENT, TRADE, EMISSION REDUCTIONS, GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS, HISTORICAL EMISSIONS, NATIONAL EMISSIONS, EMISSION PROJECTIONS, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, PROPERTY, GREENHOUSE, SOIL CARBON, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, ECONOMIC INSTRUMENTS, EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS, CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE, ENERGY POLICY, RESOURCES, CLIMATE CHANGE, LANDFILL GAS, TRADEOFFS, PASTURES, SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE, ARABLE LAND, ELECTRICITY, NITRATES, COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS, CARBON, ENERGY, COAL, ECONOMIC INCENTIVES, VOLUNTARY AGREEMENTS, METHANE, FORESTS, ELECTRICITY GENERATION, CARBON DIOXIDE, CARBON CAPTURE, ALTERNATIVE FUELS, EMISSIONS TARGETS, TEMPERATURE, ENERGY CONSUMPTION, DU, COST EFFECTIVENESS, RESOURCE USE, NATIONAL EMISSION, IPCC, TARIFFS, CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS, BENEFIT ANALYSIS, ECONOMIC IMPACT, CO, ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION, LAND DEGRADATION, EMISSION REDUCTION, REVENUE, CO2, INCINERATION, ECONOMIC POLICIES, TAXES, EQUITY, LAND USE CHANGE, EMISSIONS INTENSITY, GREENHOUSE GASES, LAND, EFFICIENCY, EMISSION LEVELS, RECYCLING, FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE, CLEAN ENERGY, ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS, EXPENDITURES, NATURAL GAS, FINANCIAL RESOURCES, BENEFITS, CARBON TAX, POLICY INSTRUMENTS, ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS, FORESTRY, EXPECTATIONS, EMISSION TARGETS, CH4, ECONOMICS, ENERGY EFFICIENCY, WIND, NATURAL RESOURCES, CLIMATE, REVENUES, GAS EMISSIONS, COLLECTION SYSTEMS, ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, ECOSYSTEM, GHG, INDUSTRIAL SITES, EMISSION
Abstract

In support of the Climate Change and Low Carbon Green Growth Program of Romania (LCGGP), the World Bank has prepared the current report with the aim of helping the Romanian Government to operationalize the strategic path chosen by the country for implementing its National Climate Change and Low Carbon Green Growth Strategy 2016-20302 (NSCC) and the associated 2016-2020 Action Plan for Climate Change (APCC). This includes some relevant institutional arrangements and Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) activities for existing Climate Change (CC) related policies and measures, notably those derived from the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Kyoto Protocol, plus the requirements for European Union (EU) Member States regarding the monitoring and evaluation of the EU-level climate and energy package and the Europe 2020 goals for a smart, sustainable and inclusive growth. It was recommended that the Romanian government should build upon current obligations for M&E of public policies, whilst recognizing that the M&E system initially established for the NSCC and APCC for Romania must not be considered as static, but rather as an on-going continuum that will evolve, expand and improve over time. The report highlights some key weaknesses in institutional capacity for CC-related M&E and identifies several sector-specific examples of areas for improvement. The report usefully reviews international good practices for the M&E of CC strategies and action plans under the headings of General good practice; Green Growth good practices; Special considerations for CC adaptation (including the selection of indicators), and; European examples (including short case studies on relevant M&E practices from Germany and France). In order to facilitate the necessary learning processes for policy-makers and other key stakeholders it is recommended that the Romanian government adopts a “theory-based” approach (in conjunction with the OECD DAC criteria) as the evaluation framework for the NSCC and APCC. The theory-based approach follows an iterative process of design, evaluation, and redesign based on lessons learned about whether specific interventions are successful or not, why they succeeded or failed and how they can be improved. The report concludes with numerous additional practical recommendations for development of a simple, affordable and cost effective M&E system for the NSCC and APCC. These recommendations are grouped into four categories: (i) general recommendations; (ii) recommendations for improving institutional arrangements; (iii) recommendations for developing a solid evaluation framework; and (iv) recommendations for reporting. Finally, to ensure a robust framework, the M&E and Reporting system should clearly define goals, indicators, responsibilities and communication strategies. It should facilitate continuous learning by policy-makers and other key stakeholders in order to underpin the long-term development of the knowledge and understanding needed to better design, implement and deliver future CC strategies and action plans for Romania.

Published
2015

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