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Introduction: COVID-19 relief payments and programs may have contributed to the shift in food expenditures from food away from home to food at home during the pandemic. This shift has public health implications given the differences in the nutritional quality between food at home and food away from home. The objective of this study is to examine the association between COVID-19 relief and household food at home and food away from home expenditure shares. Economic Impact Payments, Pandemic-Electronic Benefits Transfer, Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, and charitable food receipt are considered. Methods: Food expenditure and COVID-19 relief data for 265,443 households were obtained from Phase 3.1 (April 28 to July 5, 2021) of the Household Pulse Survey. Poisson pseudo-maximum likelihood estimators were employed in 2023 to analyze the association between COVID-19 relief and household food at home and food away from home expenditure shares. Results: Pandemic-Electronic Benefits Transfer receipt was associated with households allocating 3% less of food expenditures to food at home and 9% more to food away from home. Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program and charitable food receipt were associated with spending 8% and 3% more of food expenditures on food at home and 22% and 9% less on food away from home, respectively. Recent Economic Impact Payment receipt was associated with reduced food at home and increased food away from home expenditure shares among households with low-income and/or a Black respondent. Conclusions: Study results indicate that COVID-19 relief contributed to changing food expenditure patterns during the pandemic. Of note, Pandemic-Electronic Benefits Transfer and Economic Impact Payment receipt were associated with spending a greater share of food dollars on food away from home. Nutritional implications of COVID-19 relief warrant further investigation and should be carefully considered in the design of future nutrition assistance emergency relief.

Modern relief organisations are overwhelmed with complex emergency response operations. Manmade and natural disasters are affecting millions of people, infrastructure and land. In developing countries, many emergency relief programs fail due to ineffective outsourcing management of emergency response services. This has been worsened by failure to understand the concept of outsourcing and measures to improve it. Little is known about the key strategies of outsourcing and their impact on emergency relief performance. Thus, the study sought to establish key strategies of outsourcing and their impact on performance of emergency relief programme. The study employed a descriptive research design tapping into quantitative research approach. To collect data from respondents, the closed-ended questionnaires were used. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used in analysing the quantitative data. The study found that adopting strategies to enhance outsourcing improved the organisation's efficiency and effectiveness in performing emergency relief services. The study revealed that investing in information technology and software systems; and adopting supply chain modelling, algorithms and programming are impetus strategies that can be implemented by a leading non-governmental organisation to enhance outsourcing. Thus, there is significant relationship between exercise of sustainable strategies that enhances outsourcing and performance improvement of emergency relief services. The management of the organisation should adopt information technology, artificial intelligence and data analytics when outsourcing services within the organisation. The study focused on a leading non-governmental organisation in Zimbabwe neglecting other emergency relief organizations and thus making it difficult to make inferences to other players. Therefore, the researcher recommends that further studies should consider taking all humanitarian organisations to have a comprehensive understanding on the issue under study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

IntentionGlobal emergencies cause significant damage to lives, assets, and the economy. Therefore, the supply of relief goods is essential in emergency relief contexts, which is generally the function of non-government organizations (NGOs) as they have unique relief goods supply advantages. However, few studies have explored the influencing factors on NGO relief goods supply efficiency. To systematically explore the factors affecting supply efficiency, we aim to develop a supply chain model for simulating and providing policy suggestions.MethodTaking the 2020 Hubei COVID-19 as case study, this research developed a system dynamic (SD) model for the NGO relief supply system to evaluate and quantify the impact of factor changes on relief supplies.ConclusionIt was found that transportation and information delays aggravated the NGO emergency supply chain bullwhip effect and caused large supply fluctuations. The initial relief goods inventory was found to be a decisive factor in reducing shortages in disaster areas; however, government support was found to play only a limited role in reducing information and transportation delays.ValueThis study enriches NGO emergency supply chain literature and provides suggestions for guiding NGO relief goods supplies in the future.

Copyright of Online Brazilian Journal of Nursing is the property of Fundacao Euclides da Cunha de Apoio Institucional a UFF and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ciencia, Cuidado e Saude is the property of Universidade Estadual de Maringa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Despite the significant role that hunger relief has played in global emergency response efforts throughout much of the last century—notably showcased with the 2015 naming of ‘Zero Hunger’ as the second Sustainable Development Goal, and more recently when the World Food Program was awarded the 2020 Nobel Peace Prize—significant hunger and malnutrition remain. Concerningly, past crises have demonstrated the potential for hunger relief efforts, particularly the provisioning of food aid, to undermine the ability of Global South countries and communities to recovery fully from shocks. This commentary takes a critical look at the role of food aid during extended crises and presents several thoughts for how aid agencies and Global North governments can continue to work toward Zero Hunger while simultaneously supporting Global South economies and cultures.

Introduction: COVID-19 relief payments and programs may have contributed to the shift in food expenditures from food away from home to food at home during the pandemic. This shift has public health implications given the differences in the nutritional quality between food at home and food away from home. The objective of this study is to examine the association between COVID-19 relief and household food at home and food away from home expenditure shares. Economic Impact Payments, Pandemic-Electronic Benefits Transfer, Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, and charitable food receipt are considered., Methods: Food expenditure and COVID-19 relief data for 265,443 households were obtained from Phase 3.1 (April 28 to July 5, 2021) of the Household Pulse Survey. Poisson pseudo-maximum likelihood estimators were employed in 2023 to analyze the association between COVID-19 relief and household food at home and food away from home expenditure shares., Results: Pandemic-Electronic Benefits Transfer receipt was associated with households allocating 3% less of food expenditures to food at home and 9% more to food away from home. Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program and charitable food receipt were associated with spending 8% and 3% more of food expenditures on food at home and 22% and 9% less on food away from home, respectively. Recent Economic Impact Payment receipt was associated with reduced food at home and increased food away from home expenditure shares among households with low-income and/or a Black respondent., Conclusions: Study results indicate that COVID-19 relief contributed to changing food expenditure patterns during the pandemic. Of note, Pandemic-Electronic Benefits Transfer and Economic Impact Payment receipt were associated with spending a greater share of food dollars on food away from home. Nutritional implications of COVID-19 relief warrant further investigation and should be carefully considered in the design of future nutrition assistance emergency relief., (© 2024 The Author(s).)

In the absence of social (public) assistance in Zimbabwe, poor urban households faced with idiosyncratic shocks rely largely on networked households and informal groups, and to a lesser extent on donors. This paper utilizes original household survey data collected in Bulawayo in the second quarter of 2014. A two-stage cross-sectional sample design was used. In the first stage, three out of 21 suburbs were randomly selected, namely Matshobana, Sizinda and Sokusile. In the second stage, 100 households from each township were systematically selected to yield a sample size of 300 households. We contribute to the literature in the following main ways: firstly, we provide a detailed examination of the nature of material exchange in mutual assistance networks; secondly, we undertake an econometric analysis of determinants of receipt of assistance through such networks; and thirdly, we provide an analysis of the role of networks in determining the receipt of external emergency relief. The results show that elderly- and female-headed households are especially likely to receive food as gifts and less likely to receive cash as loans compared to households headed by adult males. In the event that all households in a mutual assistance network are stressed, recourse is sought, via information received in burial societies, by means of emergency food relief provided by external agents such as faith-basedand non-governmental-organizations. In this context, the ability of the group to pass information to all networked households - poor and non-poor - is important. We find evidence for this and further show that the network strength, measured by the size of the burial society, seems to be related to the receipt of emergency relief. Households headed by young males have little recourse, as they neither belong to mutual assistance networks nor are they targeted for emergency relief. In the event of a systemic risk, households use information obtained through burial societies to access emergency relief. Policy interventions need to consider groups of households that may be falling through the cracks of mutual assistance network and community support, not only in Zimbabwe, but also in other developing nations lacking comprehensive social protection systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Enfermagem e Atenção à Saúde (REAS) is the property of Revista de Enfermagem e Atencao a Saude - Reas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Despite the significant role that hunger relief has played in global emergency response efforts throughout much of the last century--notably showcased with the 2015 naming of 'Zero Hunger' as the second Sustainable Development Goal, and more recently when the World Food Program was awarded the 2020 Nobel Peace Prize--significant hunger and malnutrition remain. Concerningly, past crises have demonstrated the potential for hunger relief efforts, particularly the provisioning of food aid, to undermine the ability of Global South countries and communities to recovery fully from shocks. This commentary takes a critical look at the role of food aid during extended crises and presents several thoughts for how aid agencies and Global North governments can continue to work toward Zero Hunger while simultaneously supporting Global South economies and cultures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This retrospective study evaluated the demographic profile of patients and the clinical characteristics of dental emergencies in a brazilian university outpatient clinic. Methods: During the period from June 2013 to May 2014, data were collected from 1.345 clinical records. Chief complaint, gender, age, systemic alteration, clinical inspection of the affected tooth, pulp and periapical diagnosis, the type of procedure performed and whether there was the need for post-operative systemic medication. Data were analyzed using the SAS software and chi-square test was used to verify the presence or absence of statistical significance at a level of 5%. Results: Dental pain (53.3%) was the main reason why people attended the emergency service, that is, female patients (63.1%), aged 29-48 years old (42%), patients without systemic conditions (75%), and patients with decayed teeth (25%). In addition, involvement of lower molars (29.81%) and diagnosis of irreversible pulpitis (30.42%) were the most frequent findings. Emergency endodontic treatment (45.8%) was the most performed procedure. Irreversible pulpitis (30.4%) and pulp necrosis associated with acute apical periodontitis (21.9%) were the most frequent conditions requiring emergency endodontic treatment, and in most cases, there was no need for post-operative systemic medications (95.7%). Conclusion: The prevalence of endodontic emergencies during the period of one year emphasizes the need for more accurate diagnosis and the importance of providing this service to the population.

In the real world, secondary disasters occur frequently after primary disasters, and their diverse and uncertain nature along with the destruction may make the emergency relief operations more challenging. A scenario-based three-stage stochastic programming model is proposed considering the correlation between primary and secondary disasters under uncertain conditions. In order to enhance the computational tractability of the model, an accelerated Benders decomposition algorithm is formulated. In addition, to tackle large-scale cases, an approximation method employing the worst-case scenario in the third stage is established to improve the computational tractability. A computational study is performed to highlight the significance of the model and the efficiency of the proposed solution strategy. The results indicate that, by considering secondary disasters, demand satisfaction can be considerably improved compared with considering only primary disasters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article refers to selected issues elaborated from my interdisciplinary doctoral thesis accomplished at the University of South Africa in 2019. I investigated the ethical-theoretical frameworks as well as practices of Christian humanitarian non-governmental organisations (NGOs) in Germany by combining a theoretical part (including philosophy, theology, business studies and development studies) and an empirical part. The empirical part was accomplished by interviewing 11 NGOs from the humanitarian field (development and/or relief agencies in an international context). The findings of theory and practice showed that many Christian NGOs typically conform to the secular mindset and regulations in order to be able to function as organisations. The results also revealed that Christian NGOs have difficulties in defining their identity in order to be attractive and convincing to their current and prospective employees and donors. In addition, organisational and hierarchical structures are mostly taken from business companies but do not necessarily always fit to the individual organisations. The research is significant because it shows to what extent these NGOs experience tensions and insecurities having to work in a secular environment, and it helps to identify some typical challenges that Christian organisations face in Western countries. The purpose of the thesis was to impact on the reflection and practice of leaders of NGOs in their quest to understand developments and paradigm shifts, and ensure that they will act in a recognisably Christian way. Contribution: This article has been held as a presentation at the Leadership Conference in Pretoria, South Africa, in 2019. It contributes to the research of specific Christian leadership, and particularly of leadership in Christian non-governmental organisations. This article aims to describe the challenges these organisations face, having to work in the midst of a secular environment.

Objective: to understand how nurses experience the action of moral deliberation in the practice scenario. Method: phenomenological research based on Alfred Schutz's reference conducted through interviews with 12 nurses from a Mobile Urgency Care Service. From the idiographic and nomothetic analysis, the concrete categories of the lived were obtained. Results: three categories emerged: meanings of the action of nurses' moral deliberation in the mobile pre-hospital emergency care that refer to the care context; technical-scientific knowledge as the basis for the action of moral deliberation; and the social dimension of the relationships established between the teams as a source of ethical problems. Conclusion: factors that affect practice were revealed, unveiling elements that favor deliberation, such as experiences of the lived, the sharing of situations and conflicts that require decision-making. Thus, a new look emerges for the practice of nurses based on an ethical, responsible and prudent action. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Pesquisa: Cuidado é Fundamental is the property of Revista de Pesquisa: Cuidado e Fundamental Online and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To know the nurse's perception of the performance of the professional category in the mobile pre-hospital care service. Methods: This is an exploratory-descriptive, qualitative research carried out with four nurses from a private pre-hospital care service and five residents from a Professional Residency Program in Nursing in Urgency / Trauma from a Higher Education Institution who were performing practice in mobile prehospital care. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and were submitted to Bardin's content analysis. Results: Four categories emerged: The importance of the nurse's performance in Pre-Hospital Care; Dual role of the nurse: management and clinic; Importance of technical and scientific knowledge; Professional autonomy of nurses in pre-hospital care. Conclusion: The relevance and need of nurses in Pre-hospital Care is evidenced, which contributes to the professional valorization of the category. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chest pain may be related to coronary syndrome, one of the main causes of death in Brazil. The clinical protocols are guidelines that aim at the early recognition and treatment of injuries in a routine approved by the care unit. The objective of the present study was to identify the efficacy of clinical protocols for the treatment of chest pain in emergency units. An integrative review of the literature on the scientific bases of Scielo and Lilacs was done based on the combination of descriptors in health sciences obtained through the Virtual Health Library portal. The main exams were electrocardiogram, coronary angiotomography and scintigraphy for the diagnostic elucidation of coronary syndromes in the presence of chest pain. It was concluded that the incorporation of clinical protocols in the hospital environment guarantees the patient's safety, directs and directs the medical conducts for the prevention of complications such as death. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The occurrences due to external causes grow over time and demand a large part of the financial resources of the public health system. The objective of the present study was to identify the main occurrences due to external causes attended by the mobile emergency service in Brazil. This was an integrative literature review carried out on the scientific bases of SCIELO and LILACS. The occurrences identified were falls in the elderly population, traffic accidents and domestic accidents, as well as urban violence and associated with the consumption of alcohol and other drugs in the young population between 20 and 60 years old. It was concluded that the occurrences due to external causes are influenced by human behavior, therefore, it is suggested the expansion of spaces for discussion on the subject aiming to raise awareness among the general population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Informacion Comercial Espanola Revista de Economia is the property of S.G.E.E.I.P.C., Secretaria de Estado de Comercio, Ministerio de Industria, Comercio y Turismo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article refers to selected issues elaborated from my interdisciplinary doctoral thesis accomplished at the University of South Africa in 2019. I investigated the ethical-theoretical frameworks as well as practices of Christian humanitarian non-governmental organisations (NGOs) in Germany by combining a theoretical part (including philosophy, theology, business studies and development studies) and an empirical part. The empirical part was accomplished by interviewing 11 NGOs from the humanitarian field (development and/or relief agencies in an international context). The findings of theory and practice showed that many Christian NGOs typically conform to the secular mindset and regulations in order to be able to function as organisations. The results also revealed that Christian NGOs have difficulties in defining their identity in order to be attractive and convincing to their current and prospective employees and donors. In addition, organisational and hierarchical structures are mostly taken from business companies but do not necessarily always fit to the individual organisations. The research is significant because it shows to what extent these NGOs experience tensions and insecurities having to work in a secular environment, and it helps to identify some typical challenges that Christian organisations face in Western countries. The purpose of the thesis was to impact on the reflection and practice of leaders of NGOs in their quest to understand developments and paradigm shifts, and ensure that they will act in a recognisably Christian way. Contribution: This article has been held as a presentation at the Leadership Conference in Pretoria, South Africa, in 2019. It contributes to the research of specific Christian leadership, and particularly of leadership in Christian non-governmental organisations. This article aims to describe the challenges these organisations face, having to work in the midst of a secular environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the number of elderly drivers increases, traffic accidents from the elderly also increase. In particular, the emergency situation of the elderly driver is not transmitted to the following vehicle during cloudy days and night highway accidents, so it is extended to the second and third accidents, leaving serious aftereffects. Therefore, there is an urgent need to establish an economic and effective inter-vehicle emergency communication system between the accident vehicle of the elderly and the following vehicles. In this paper, we have proposed a policy and method that can take advantage of the special emergency light pattern of an elderly driver in an emergency and transmit it to the following vehicles, thereby providing secondary accident prevention and emergency relief. Furthermore, by introducing an infrared emergency communication system between vehicles using red brake lights and implementing it as a prototype of RC-Car, we have checked the feasibility of the system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Brasileira em Promoção da Saúde is the property of Revista Brasileira em Promocao da Saude and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Una ayuda humanitaria que aborda los síntomas, pero no las causas de las emergencias complejas, ¿puede todavía considerarse "humanitaria"? Cuando las Agencias Humanitarias No Gubernamentales integran un componente político en su trabajo, ¿están comprometiendo el imperativo humanitario y los principios de imparcialidad, neutralidad e independencia? ¿La acción humanitaria está contribuyendo a eximir los Estados de una participación más directa en la resolución de emergencias complejas? ¿Existe un lugar para la acción humanitaria en la política internacional? ¿Cuál es ese lugar y qué forma puede tener esa acción? Este trabajo explora estas preguntas y se propone identificar qué herramientas permitirían a la NGHA cumplir con su imperativo humanitario, es decir, prevenir y aliviar el sufrimiento, mientras responden a la reivindicación humana por justicia sin comprometer el llamado "espacio humanitario".Publicación en línea: 11 diciembre 2017

Understanding facial trauma behaviors in different populations can help enhance effective prevention and efficient management of public resources in order to offer better treatment in large health systems. The aim of this study was to assess the epidemiology of maxillofacial trauma treated by a public health emergency care service. A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess maxillofacial trauma in patients treated by a public health service of emergency care at a midsize city in southern Brazil. Facial trauma records were retrieved directly from medical records from January 2010 to April 2014. The following variables were collected: patient age, sex, destination of patient after initial treatment, cause of trauma, and type of injury. Statistical analyses were performed using G tests with Williams' corrections (p <.05). The most frequent cause was road traffic collision (39.6%), followed by falls (33.6%) and interpersonal violence (22.0%). The prevalence of falls was higher in older adults. A statistically significant association was observed between age and causes (p <.05). After the initial care provided by the prehospital service, 44.1% of the patients were referred to secondary care centers and 40.1% to hospitals. Traffic accidents were the most common cause of facial trauma in Brazil, with a higher prevalence in young men. Falls were also a big concern for facial injuries, especially among older adults. Although most lesions could be classified as minor trauma, many patients are being treated at hospitals, which may increase the costs to the public health system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the inappropriate path caused by traffic control, climatic conditions, and inconsistent regional economic development, etc., the transportation efficiency of emergency relief supplies is low in mining areas in China. To improve the transportation efficiency, a road impedance function model was proposed based on the uniqueness of emergency relief supplies' transportation after mine disasters. The model, which aimed to solve the optimal transport time conforming to practical traffic conditions, was designed in accordance with China's road design norms and actual traffic flows while considering random delays at road junctions. The weight of path was calculated from the road impedance function model and traffic allocation simulation data. The feasibility and universality of the model were proved by performing simulations under normal traffic, rainfall and traffic control conditions. Results indicate that the optimal path selection by the Dijkstra algorithm achieves a high accuracy. Time cost under rainfall and traffic control conditions increases by 3.3 % and 1 %, respectively, compared with the normal condition. This study provides new ideas to select transport path for emergency relief supplies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We measured the producer price impacts of food and cash transfer programmes in Ethiopia using monthly panel data from 37 zones in four major regions over the period January 2007 to December 2010. We studied the independent and joint impacts of Ethiopia’s Productive Safety Net Programme (PSNP) and emergency relief programmes on producers’ prices for teff, wheat and maize. We estimated a series of dynamic, fixed-effects, seemingly unrelated regression (SUR) models. The results indicate that food aid allocated from both the PSNP and emergency relief programmes has either no discernible correlation with subsequent prices, or a weak negative correlation. This suggests no strong disincentive effect of food aid on agricultural producers. The magnitudes of the correlations between prices and seasonal and time trends are substantially stronger than those associated with cash and grain transfers to local markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Fisioterapia Brasil is the property of Atlantica Editora and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Nursing & Health is the property of Journal of Nursing & Health (JONAH) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Every year, many natural disasters strike Taiwan, destroying bridges and disrupting traffic. To allow shipping of relief provisions and salvage, fabricated steel bridges are often used to construct emergency relief bridges. This kind of bridge must meet strength and functionality requirements. Strength depends on the materials used, while functionality depends on displacement control. These two requirements affect the section design of the bridge deck. In order to quickly build a light-weight bridge for emergency relief with displacement control, a neutral equilibrium mechanism is proposed and developed to control the deflection of an emergency relief bridge. A neutral equilibrium mechanism is a system with an internal control mechanism that can actively change the internal structure. Structural transformation causes the size variation of the action force to respond to continuous changes in bridge deflection. This mechanism can expand the effective span of the bridge, maintain its strength and functionality, and increase the convenience of building and mobility. Experimental results reveal that a virtual pier at the center of a bridge with this proposed mechanism installed can control vertical deflection caused by vehicles carrying heavy loads. Test and analysis records also reveal that the vertical displacement at the center of a bridge with the neutral equilibrium mechanism installed is close to zero. The practicality of this neutral equilibrium mechanism has been verified by experiment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Temporary housing must be developed to support the long-term residence needs of disaster victims. The present study assesses a temporary housing unit, the so-called Mobile Energy Shelter House (MeSH), incorporating the “Korean Dwelling Insulation Standard” in order to reduce energy usage for cooling and heating. To assess energy performance, the characteristics of the indoor thermal environment were measured during the winter and summer seasons. In summer, at maximum insolation, the outdoor temperature was 37.6 °C and the indoor temperature of the MeSH ranged from 18 to 24 °C when the cooling system was not used. Conversely, during winter, the average outdoor temperature was −11.3 °C and the indoor temperature ranged from 16.09 to 20.63 °C when a temperature-controlled floor-heating was installed. Furthermore, the Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) was adopted to determine whether the ISO 7730 comfort criterion (i.e., PMV range from −0.5 to +0.5) was achieved. Based on the calculations presented here, PMV in summer ranged from −1.21 to +1.07 and that in winter ranged from −0.08 to −0.85, suggesting that the thermal environment is not always comfortable for occupants in either summer or winter. Nevertheless, the ISO comfort criterion can be achieved through varying air velocity in summer and changing clothing characteristics in winter. A comparison between yearly energy demand of existing characteristic temporary housing (Shelter House) and the MeSH modules used in this study was performed. The simulation results show a 60% difference in energy demand between MeSH and existing temporary housing shelter houses.

Copyright of RGO: Revista Gaúcha de Odontologia is the property of RGO: Revista Gaucha de Odontologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Pesquisa: Cuidado é Fundamental is the property of Revista de Pesquisa: Cuidado e Fundamental Online and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article reports on qualitative Australian research that was conducted with 32 workers from Job Services Australia and Emergency Relief agencies. Researchers investigated the operationalisation of assistance for unemployed people to illuminate the language, discourse and processes through which workers and unemployed people were constructed within the quasi-market culture. Findings included individualistic and behaviourist frames, paradoxical positions in relation to client choice and blame, and a metaphorical frame which reinforced position, status and difference. This study provides important evidence from the frontline of Australia’s deregulated employment services, adding to the growing body of international social work literature pertaining to neoliberal welfare reform. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Physiotherapy can be defined as the health science that studies, prevents and treats functional disorders. Emergency room is a sector of hospital health, service of secondary care and generally at the hospital entryway, where various types of patients come in who can be classified a state of urgency or emergency and run imminent death risk. The purpose of this study was to present the main activities of the physiotherapist and the his or her importance in the multidisciplinary team in emergency care in the emergency room. In this study, it was talked about the emergency room profiles with health indicators, use of emergency services and the causes why patients look for it, besides the physiotherapist's role as a member of the multidisciplinary team, as well as the current legislation on the subject. The professional insertion in the units is recent, and the studies are insufficient involving this new field, thus it is proposed further studies to evaluate the professional practice impact in the industry, and is of utmost importance that the professionals who will work in this new field to catch up on due to the area that he or she is inserted to.. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]