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The valorization of newspaper waste through adsorption-driven processes using activated carbon presents a promising avenue for sustainable waste management. This comprehensive review explores the advances and prospects of using activated carbon to enhance the value of newspapers. The fundamental properties of activated carbon, its unique adsorption mechanisms, and its interaction with contaminants commonly found in newspapers, such as ink dyes, heavy metals, and organic pollutants, are also discussed. Applications of activated carbon-treated newspapers span across air and water purification, soil enrichment, and odour control. The paper critically evaluates the environmental benefits of this approach, comparing it with conventional disposal methods. Furthermore, challenges associated with implementing activated carbon-assisted valorization and potential strategies for overcoming them are discussed. Real-world case studies highlight successful projects, shedding light on this innovative waste management solution's economic viability and technological feasibility. This review concludes by emphasizing the role of adsorption-driven valorization in transforming newspaper waste into a valuable resource, addressing environmental concerns, and shaping future research directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The leading role of the media is very important in the new media era to build the reporting system and framework of sexual violence crimes, guide people's awareness and public opinion, and improve society's vigilance on sexual crimes. This study took People's Daily Online, a representative online media in China, as a research object to analyse the reporting of sexual crimes over the past 15 years. We conducted relevant searches for specific keywords set in the Python crawler and used IBM SPSS Statistics 19 software to analyse the frequency of relevant content. The results of the research show that, firstly, there have been significant changes in the number of news stories about sexual crimes. Second, the majority of sexual crime news stories are from mainland China. Third, the focus of the news stories and people is relatively concentrated on the perpetrators. Fourth, the People's Daily Online's coverage of sexual crimes focuses on blaming the perpetrators. Fifth, sexual crimes show that the framework is more episodic. This paper examines changes in the coverage of sexual crimes in China and captures how the media cover socially relevant issues, providing important insights for future social health, psychological awareness and diversion, and media policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The insidious proliferation of online misinformation represents a significant societal problem. With a wealth of research dedicated to the topic, it is still unclear what determines fake news sharing. This paper comparatively examines fake and accurate news sharing in a novel experimental setting that manipulates news about terrorism. Design/methodology/approach: The authors follow an extended version of the uses-and-gratification framework for news sharing, complemented by variables commonly employed in fake news rebuttal studies. Findings: Logistic regression and classification trees revealed worry about the topic, media literacy, information-seeking and conservatism as significant predictors of willingness to share news online. No significant association was found for general analytical thinking, journalism skepticism, conspiracy ideation, uses-and-gratification motives or pass-time coping strategies. Practical implications: The current results broaden and expand the literature examining beliefs in and sharing of misinformation, highlighting the role of media literacy in protecting the public against the spread of fake news. Originality/value: This is, to the authors' knowledge, the first study to integrate a breadth of theoretically and empirically driven predictors of fake news sharing within a single experimental framework. Peer review: The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/OIR-12-2022-0693 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper critically explores the use of satire and humour by fast-foods outlets in South Africa and Zimbabwe to advertise and market their menu through digital media platforms, Facebook and Twitter. Using Nando's South Africa and Mambo's Chicken, in Zimbabwe, as case studies, we examine how satire and humour are used as advertising strategies, and as a reflection of these countries' economic and political environments. Consumers are overwhelmed with information coming from different sources such as Television, radio, newspapers and Internet. The paper's theoretical approach is gleaned from advertising and satire. We argue that through their encounter with food, consumers tend to understand the reason behind their 'empty stomach', and mediate on prevailing socio-political and economic issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the dynamic landscape of digital information, the rise of misinformation and fake news presents a pressing challenge. This paper takes a completely new approach to verifying news, inspired by how quantum actors can reach agreement even when they are spatially spread out. We propose a radically new—to the best of our knowledge—algorithm that uses quantum "entanglement" (think of it as a special connection) to help news aggregators "sniff out" bad actors, whether they are other news sources or even fact-checkers trying to spread misinformation. This algorithm does not rely on quantum signatures; it merely uses basic quantum technology which we already have, in particular, special pairs of particles called "EPR pairs" that are much easier to create than other options. More elaborate entangled states are like juggling too many balls—they are difficult to make and slow things down, especially when many players are involved. So, we adhere to Bell states, the simplest form of entanglement, which are easy to generate no matter how many players are involved. This means that our algorithm is faster to set up, works for any number of participants, and is more practical for real-world use. Additionally, as a "bonus point", it finishes in a fixed number of steps, regardless of how many players are involved, making it even more scalable. This new approach may lead to a powerful and efficient way to fight misinformation in the digital age, using the weird and wonderful world of quantum mechanics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research aimed to identify the relationship between media coverage of the Israeli aggression on Gaza via social media platforms for electronic newspapers and its relationship to social fear and future anxiety among the public, by revealing the extent of the spread of media coverage of the Israeli aggression via social media sites, and identifying the extent of exposure of the Egyptian public for media coverage of the Israeli aggression via social media sites. This study belongs to descriptive studies, and within its framework, the researcher used the sample survey method, besides questionnaire and content analysis were used as tools to collect the required data, and the study was applied to a random sample of (647) individuals from the Egyptian Public through the electronic application. The analytical study was also applied to a sample of the social media platforms of Al-Youm Al-Sabea newspaper and Al-Masry Al-Youm newspaper. The study concluded that there is a statistically significant correlation between the respondents’ exposure to media coverage of the Israeli aggression via the electronic newspapers' social media sites and their level of future anxiety and social fear. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social media platforms have emerged as fertile ground for the proliferation of hate speech, which can exacerbate the dissemination of hate crimes. The Federal Bureau of Investigation UCR Program gathers data on hate crimes and disseminates annual reports to identify national patterns and inform law enforcement agencies and policymakers, these reports often fail to keep pace with urgent demands. Real-time monitoring and predictive analysis of hate crime trends are imperative for more effective prevention and response efforts. This paper presents a framework that leverages information extraction techniques to extract incidents from articles published in The New York Times, enabling accurate prediction of hate crime trends at both the federal and state levels. Experimental findings demonstrate the superiority of our approach compared to other traditional methods. By expanding forecasting approaches for federal and state levels' hate crime trends, this framework offers valuable insights for law enforcement agencies and policymakers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On 12 March 2020, the Norwegian government instigated measures to limit the spread of COVID-19, the most drastic policies of any Norwegian government in peacetime. A particularly Norwegian metaphor used when introducing those measures concerned the "dugnad" tradition, a cultural practice of voluntary work carried out as a community. This article traces the trajectory of dugnad metaphors related to COVID-19 in Norwegian public discourse, to shed light on the aptness of their use. Aptness is measured in terms of "resonance," the public reception to the metaphor. It follows a threefold categorization: imposition, endorsement, or resistance, all of which are divided into inductively developed subcategories. The data consists of all relevant concordances of the lexeme DUGNAD appearing from March 2020-June 2021 in one of the three largest Norwegian national online newspapers. Findings indicate that the imposition of the dugnad struck a chord with the Norwegian people; supportive statements far outweighed those of opposition and continued throughout the investigated period, even though national government officials mostly stopped using the dugnad metaphor after May 2020. Resistance was nevertheless also present from the outset, reaching a renewed peak around March 2021. Aptness thus varies over time, a finding with implications for future pandemic communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This naturalistic study examines how broad societal events like the COVID-19 pandemic affect children's gratitude expressions for general and specific categories of needs. Gratitude expressions (N = 6908) written by children in the United States (N = 3613, Mage = 6.96 years) before the pandemic (November 2018, 2019) and during the pandemic (November 2020, 2021) were collected from online newspapers. The gratitude expressions were coded for general and specific categories based on Maslow's Theory of Motivation. Between time periods, there was no difference in prevalence of gratitude for the fulfillment of the general categories of deficiency needs (physiological, safety, belongingness and love, esteem) and growth needs (cognitive, aesthetic, self-actualization, and transcendence) as well as the specific sub-categories that they subsume. However, within time periods, there was a greater prevalence for the fulfillment of deficiency than growth needs, especially the specific category of love and belongingness. Together these results highlight the enduring nature of particular categories in the face of a broad societal event and have implications for public policies and services aimed at protecting children and meeting their needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This paper investigates initial exuberance and emotions surrounding ChatGPT's first three months of launch (1 December 2022–1 March 2023). The impetus for studying active discussions surrounding its implications, fears, and opinions is motivated by its nascent popularity and potential to disrupt existing professions; compounded by its significance as a crucial inflexion point in history. Capturing the public zeitgeist on new innovations—much like the advent of the printing press, radio, newspapers, or the internet—provides a retrospective overview of public sentiments, common themes, and issues. Objectives: Since launch, few big data studies delved into initial public discourse surrounding the chatbot. This report firstly identifies highest-engagement issues and themes that generated the most interaction; secondly, identifies the highest-engaged keywords on both sides of the sentiment valence scale (positive and negative) associated with ChatGPT. Methods: We interrogate a large twitter corpus (n = 4,251,662) of all publicly available English-language tweets containing the ChatGPT keyword. Our first research aim utilizes a prominent peaks model (upper-quartile significance threshold of prominence>20,000). Our second research aim utilized sentiment analysis to identify, week-on-week, highest-frequency negative, and positive keywords and emojis. Results: Six prominent peaks were identified with the following themes: 'hype and hesitance', 'utility and misuse in professional and academic settings', 'demographic bias', 'philosophical thought experiments on morality' and 'artificial intelligence as a mirror of human knowledge'. Of high-frequency valence, negativity included credibility concerns, implicit bias, environmental ethics, employment rights of data annotators and programmers, the ethicality of neural network datasets. Positivity included excitement over application, especially in coding, as a creative tool, education, and personal productivity. Conclusions: Overall, sentiments and themes were double-edged, expressing excitement over this powerful new tool and wariness toward its potential for misuse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article details the efforts of the online resource known as the Internet Archive to preserve Internet news web sites as well as digitizing and archiving physical newspaper collections from around the world.

This study proposes an innovative approach to develop a regional-scale landslide forecasting model based on rainfall thresholds optimized for operational early warning. In particular, it addresses two main issues that usually hinder the operational implementation of this kind of models: (i) the excessive number of false alarms, resulting in civil protection system activation without any real need, and (ii) the validation procedure, usually performed over periods too short to guarantee model reliability. To overcome these limitations, several techniques for reducing the number of false alarms were applied in this study, and a multiple validation phase was conducted using data from different sources. An intensity-duration threshold system for each of the five alert zones composing the Liguria region (Italy) was identified using a semiautomatic procedure called MaCumBA, considering three levels of criticality: low, moderate, and high. The thresholds were developed using a landslide inventory collected from online newspapers by a data mining technique called SECaGN. This method was chosen to account for only those events that echo on the Internet and therefore impact society, ignoring landslides occurred in remote areas, not of interest for civil protection intervention, which would adversely affect the model performance because they would result in false alarms. A calibration phase was performed to minimize the impact of false alarms, allowing at least one false alarm per year over the moderate criticality level. In addition, an innovative approach to include antecedent rainfall as the third dimension of the intensity-duration thresholds was applied, generating a consistent reduction in false alarms. The results were validated through an independent landslide inventory and were compared with (i) the alert issued by the regional civil protection agency to observe the improvements achieved with the proposed model and to evaluate to what extent the proposed model is consistent with the assessments of the civil protection and (ii) a dataset of the national states of emergency to verify the suitability of the developed thresholds for alerting citizens. The thresholds obtained showed high predictive capabilities, confirming their suitability for implementation in an operational landslide early warning system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to address the violent disputes between herders and farmers in Northern Nigeria, this article looked at the establishment of ranches, cattle routes, and grazing reserves. It also looked at how conflict is a social reality that exists in all human social systems, whether they are in cities or rural areas. It observes that disagreements are a common cause of conflict, particularly between the two opposing factions, the "herders," who are primarily Fulani and Muslim migrants seeking better pasture for their livestock, and the crop farmers, who are primarily from agrarian backgrounds. For data gathering, the paper used secondary sources such books, journals, articles, newspapers and other internet sources. The study discovered that there are a number of reasons why farmers and herdsmen in Northern Nigeria clash. Climate change badly executed government policies, illiteracy, a lack of a solid Alternative Dispute Resolution Mechanism (ADRM), anger and hostility brought on by the loss of life and property, and so forth are a few of these. The report suggested that pasture areas, livestock routes, and ranches be established in order to settle the disputes. The report also suggested that in order to stop the threat, the Federal Government of Nigeria should set up a practical ADRM and make sure that policies are implemented effectively. Additionally, it recommended a broad education campaign to inform the opposing sides of the risks their ceaseless fighting poses to Nigeria's progress as a developing nation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The existence of national symbols plays a crucial role in reflecting the identity of a nation. The national anthem is one of the national symbol categories that are commonly used by every nation in this world. The combination of syntactic (musical) and semantic (lyrical) structure make it unique from any other national symbols. Despite of tangibility of other national symbols, the national anthem is intangible, and the lack of transient makes it stronger towards the emotional attachment. Negaraku also faces the same problem as there is a lack of understanding regarding the significance of the national anthem as a symbol of national identity. The continuous issues of contempt regarding Negaraku from 1957 until 2022 show the lack of understanding of the anthem itself as a symbol of national identity. Therefore, this paper aims to emphasize the significance of Negaraku as a symbol of national identity as a foundation of knowledge for fellow citizens about Malaysia. An integrative literature review is used to analyze the significance of Negaraku towards national identity discussion. The analysis will review various sources of relevant information from international and local references which cover books, journals, websites as well as newspaper cutting. Based on the analysis drawn it proves that Negaraku textual structures indicate a direct interpretation of national identity through historical and cultural elements in political and economic perspectives. In conclusion, the conceptual discussion through Negaraku contextual analysis can widen the social sciences area through anthemology studies in Malaysia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

India has an extensive bird trade that provides income and livelihoods for many people but involves considerable unregulated and illegal activity, threatening both native and exotic species and posing potential health risks to people and wildlife. Action to curb illegal trade is vital, but there is currently a lack of information on trade routes and the species involved to inform the development of strategies to address such trade. We therefore examined media reports of bird trade seizures published during 2010–2020 as a cost-effective approach to gaining insights into the composition and structure of the bird trade in India. We collected 182 media reports referring to 109 seizure events by searching for keywords on popular search engines and Indian newspaper websites. We found that 25,850 birds were seized, most frequently members of the family Psittacidae. Of the 58 species identified, 18 were native and 40 non-native to India. The greatest numbers of birds were seized in Uttar Pradesh. Analyses of trade networks indicate that Uttar Pradesh is an important trade hotspot particularly for native species and has strong transnational connections with neighbouring Nepal. We identified West Bengal as an important trade hotspot, particularly for non-native species, probably because of its extensive land borders with neighbouring countries, including Bangladesh. Our study highlights priority areas for interventions as well as key knowledge gaps that need to be addressed to facilitate the development of strategies to manage illegal, unsustainable and otherwise harmful trading of birds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study identifies how three prominent Israeli online newspapers frame gay Members of Knesset (Israeli parliament) and cabinet ministers. 2019 was chosen since the number of gay MKs reached a historic milestone of representation. The study employed a mixed-methods design, combining descriptive statistics, based on a quantitative content analysis, with a thematic qualitative analysis. 1015 retrieved news items constituted the initial database. They were divided into two categories: "Gay relevant" (items explicitly referring to, or mentioning the politician's sexual orientation); or "Gay irrelevant" (all other items), to thematically focus on the Gay relevant items (N = 159). Six themes were then identified: Novelty; LGBTQ Political Representation; Private Sphere; Homophobia; Community Recognition and Rights; and Incongruity. Findings revealed that elite newspaper coverage is similar to popular ones; cabinet ministers' framing is more neutral compared to junior MKs; and liberal MKs are framed differently than conservative ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The global scale of Covid-19 has constrained academics from conducting much person-facing research. Reactively, trend is increasing for digital-based methodologies capturing already existing online data. Scholars often 'scrape' user-postings from internet forums using coding algorithms and text capture tools, before analysing data, drawing conclusions and publishing findings. The online social news aggregation and discussion website Reddit is a particularly rich source of data for researchers. The public nature of Reddit materials may suggest rationale for user-data to be replicated, analysed and archived; indefinitely and in multiple locations, for scholarly research. However, this position overlooks several key ethical considerations. This paper presents an overview and explanation of Reddit, followed by an exploration of studies that use Reddit-acquired data. Arising ethical issues are discussed, and solutions to salient dilemmas presented. This is to enhance awareness of potential problems and improve protections for those whose data is unknowingly used for research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper interrogates a shift in patriarchal media discourse related to women leaders' recognition and legitimation in the UK. We conduct a multimodal discourse analysis of an online newspaper article about the UK politician and Deputy Leader of the Labour Party, Angela Rayner, and analyzed public responses. Understanding the media as a means to distribute power and enable the challenging of norms, we contribute a theory of intersectional misrecognition in media's representation of women political leaders. This reveals an enduring and dynamic subordinate status of women leaders, shown specifically through the intersection of gender and class. We theorize that while women leaders continue to be misrecognized in the media, destabilizing their legitimacy, there is a demonstrable flexing of patriarchal discourse combined with stronger and accelerated resistance to ongoing sexism. We identify this resistance as productive in its call for consequences and a redistribution of cultural values, reflecting a discursive shift toward a productive resistance of resilient gender norms, evident in the intersection of gender with class. Intersectional misrecognition has value in making inequalities explicit for women leaders and where there may be productive tensions with potential to mobilize for change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The degree to which civility norms are upheld or violated is an important criterion in evaluating the democratic quality of public debates. We investigate civility across media types, political systems, and levels of socio-cultural division, offering a comparative perspective on how these factors shape levels of civility in public debates around a key question for societies around the world: What is the proper role of religion in public life? Capturing both positive and negative forms of civility (i.e., recognition and outrage) on multiple levels of analysis, we compile and analyze an original large-scale dataset of news items published during August 2015 until July 2016 in six democracies (Australia, Germany, Lebanon, Switzerland, Turkey, and the USA) across three types of media (printed newspapers, news websites, and political blogs). We find that mediated discourse was heavier on outrage in mixed political systems (Germany and Turkey) than in 'purely' majoritarian and consensus systems. Public debate in deeply divided countries contained more outrage but also more recognition compared to less divided countries, with newspapers and news websites mitigating outrage discourse compared to political blogs. Blogs also emerged as less nurturing of recognition than newspapers and news websites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite our deepening knowledge of non-perennial streams, they are still poorly recognized, and people still perceive them as less valuable and less worthy of conservation than perennial streams. Due to its power to shape attitudes and opinions, mass media plays a critical role, which can also contribute to improving perceptions regarding non-perennial streams. Here, we aim to analyse how non-perennial streams are depicted by mass media in the Balearic Islands and how a catastrophic flood influenced mass media communication about these ecosystems. We analysed all news reports related to streams, published in the most read online newspaper of the Balearic Islands, for 25 months (12 months before and after the catastrophic flood). A total of 407 news reports were analyzed to identify the topics covered (e.g. floods, ecology, stream uses, water quality). News reports related to non-perennial streams focused on past floods and their consequences; our analyses showed how the catastrophic flood event affected the news temporal agenda, as well as the territorial inequalities in media coverage. News reports rarely covered ecological aspects of non-perennial streams or their relevance for freshwater resources. We concluded that news reports contribute to generating a collective memory around flood events but also contribute to social misconception about non-perennial streams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The digital transformation has revolutionized the media industry, reshaping the way news is consumed and challenging the dominance of traditional printed publications. As technology continues to advance at an unprecedented pace, it is crucial to examine the evolving landscape of news publishing and understand the preferences and behaviors of readers in the context of digital and printed newspaper formats. This research article presents a comparative analysis of reader opinions on a significant Croatian e-publication over a five-year period, aiming to explore the impact of digital transformation on readers' perceptions, engagement, and preferences between online and traditional printed content. By delving into the advantages, challenges, and trends associated with e-publications and printed editions, this study provides valuable insights into the dynamic relationship between readers and news publications in the digital era. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today, most newspapers utilize social media to disseminate news. On the one hand, this results in an overload of related articles for social media users. On the other hand, since social media tends to form echo chambers around their users, different opinions and information may be hidden. Enabling users to access different information (possibly outside of their echo chambers, without the burden of reading entire articles, often containing redundant information) may be a step forward in allowing them to form their own opinions. To address this challenge, we propose a system that integrates Transformer neural models and text summarization models along with decision rules. Given a reference article already read by the user, our system first collects articles related to the same topic from a configurable number of different sources. Then, it identifies and summarizes the information that differs from the reference article and outputs the summary to the user. The core of the system is the sentence classification algorithm, which classifies sentences in the collected articles into three classes based on similarity with the reference article: sentences classified as dissimilar are summarized by using a pre-trained abstractive summarization model. We evaluated the proposed system in two steps. First, we assessed its effectiveness in identifying content differences between the reference article and the related articles by using human judgments obtained through crowdsourcing as ground truth. We obtained an average F1 score of 0.772 against average F1 scores of 0.797 and 0.676 achieved by two state-of-the-art approaches based, respectively, on model tuning and prompt tuning, which require an appropriate tuning phase and, therefore, greater computational effort. Second, we asked a sample of people to evaluate how well the summary generated by the system represents the information that is not present in the article read by the user. The results are extremely encouraging. Finally, we present a use case. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Trust is a critical element when it comes to news articles, and an important problem is how to ensure trust in the published information on news websites. First, this paper describes the inner workings of a proposed news-retrieval and aggregation architecture employed by a blockchain-based solution for fighting disinformation; this includes a comparison between existing information retrieval solutions. The decentralized nature of the solution is achieved by separating the crawling (i.e., extracting the web page links) from the scraping (i.e., extracting the article information) and having third-party actors extract the data. A majority-rule mechanism is used to determine the correctness of the information, and the blockchain network is used for traceability. Second, the steps needed to deploy the distributed components in a cloud environment seamlessly are discussed in detail, with a special focus on the open-source OpenStack cloud solution. Lastly, novel methods for achieving a truly decentralized architecture based on community input and blockchain technology are presented, thus ensuring maximum trust and transparency in the system. The results obtained by testing the proposed news-retrieval system are presented, and the optimizations that can be made are discussed based on the crawling and scraping test results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social media plays an important role in how journalists gather and report news. To understand journalists' professional environment, we examine the networks of journalists on Twitter who cover politics for U.S. newspapers in conjunction with a sample of journalists who completed a survey. By combining both their network data and survey responses, we examine the distribution of journalists' ideology (n = 264) and journalistic values (n = 247); and using the network data, we examine the directional relationships between journalists working at large and small papers (n = 4,661). We find that journalists tend to form connections with those who share similar journalistic values. However, we find little evidence that journalists build professional relationships based on similarity in political ideology. Lastly, journalists at larger media outlets are more likely to be central in journalists' Twitter networks, providing evidence that journalists look to other journalists at larger outlets for direction in news coverage. Our evidence provides unique insights into how social media illuminates journalists' professional environment and how that environment may shape news coverage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Quarantine is one of the most effective interventions to contain an infectious disease outbreak, yet it is one of the most disruptive. We investigated the quarantine of an entire village to better understand risk communication requirements for groups. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional, mixed-methods survey study on a single cohort of adult residents in Neustadt am Rennsteig, Germany, six weeks after the removal of a 14-day mandatory community quarantine. The survey response rate was 33% (289/883 residents). Findings: Survey participants reported a lack of information on the quarantine implementation process. What authorities communicated was not necessarily what residents desired to know. While inhabitants used social media and telephones to communicate with each other, the official information sources were regional radio, television, newspapers and official websites. Public health authorities did not employ social media communication to engage with their communities. Despite a lack of information, the majority of respondents stated that they had complied with the quarantine and they expressed little sympathy for those who violated the quarantine. After lifting the quarantine, many respondents continued to avoid places where they suspected a significant risk of infection, such as family and friends' homes, doctor's offices and grocery stores. Interpretation: The survey participants utilised existing social networks to disseminate vital information and stabilise its group identity and behaviour (quarantine compliance). The authorities communicated sparsely in a unidirectional, top-down manner, without engaging the community. Despite the lack of official information, the social coherency of the group contributed to considerate and compliant conduct, but participants expressed dissatisfaction with official leadership and asked for more attention. Conclusion: Public health risk communication must engage with communities more effectively. This necessitates a deeper comprehension of groups, their modes of communication and their social needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many new media technologies have emerged in modern society. The application of new media technologies has impacted traditional TV news media, which not only faces great challenges, but also brings some lessons for the development of TV news media. New media technology relies on powerful information processing technology and data storage technology to develop and grow continuously. Compared with traditional news, new media technology has more powerful information storage capacity and dissemination capacity. Firstly, this paper briefly introduces the concept of new media technology, summarizes the typical characteristics of new media technology, and analyzes the existing problems in the application of new media technology in the news communication industry based on the necessity of applying new media technology. Finally, some Suggestions are put forward based on this, hoping to provide some reference for the development of news communication industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper argues that Michael Polányi's account of how science, as an institution, establishes knowledge can provide a structure for a future institution capable of countering misinformation, or fake news, and deepfakes. I argue that only an institutional approach can adequately take up the challenge against the corresponding institution of fake news. The fact of filtering news and information may be bothering. It is the threat of censorship and free speech limitation. Instead, I propose that we should indicate reliable information with a trademark and news signing-approved information and brand equity. I offer a method of creating a standard for online news that people can rely on (similar to high-quality shopping products). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research is focused on the emerging practices of digital photojournalism in war contexts, in relation to the use of user-generated content from social networks. The focal point is the coverage of the Russo-Ukrainian conflict by the two main online newspapers of the belligerent countries: Ukrayinska Pravda and Rossiyskaya Gazeta. From the analysis of an initial sample of 7,194 articles (6,646 Ukrainian and 548 Russian), published during the first semester of the war, the preferred type of graphic content and the degree of presence of images from the different social platforms will be determined. Likewise, the article offers a theoretical innovation on the current state of the routine of war digital photojournalism, introducing the definition of the concept of “false collective source” due to the appropriation of mechanisms of collective intelligence for potential propaganda purposes. The informative use of the social web has generated a transition from “gatekeeping” to “gatewatching” that makes it necessary to review the state of the art to avoid a possible instrumentalization of the role of users. Finally, a decalogue is proposed to combat digital illiteracy and identify new appropriation practices, by distinguishing the use of the social web as an information source versus its use as a mere distribution channel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the concept of redeveloping Wrigley Field became prevalent, the Chicago Tribune has notably constructed a variety of narrative strands on related urban dynamics. Through a framework that connected post-Gramsci insights of hegemony, discourse, and critics of spatial and economic neoliberalism, this study examined how the newspaper strategically assembled discourses in mediatizing urban politics surrounding the Wrigley renovation. First, the newspaper fostered hegemonic consent that endorsed the redevelopment(s) by promoting old tropes of economic development and market growth despite mounting evidence to the contrary. Second, it also produced a parallel discourse that expressed moderate recognition and sympathy to the interest and experience of the community. Without fundamentally challenging neoliberal power, however, such discursive construction was a strategic and instrumental intervention that reinforced the contingencies and boundaries of neoliberal hegemony. Through such investigations, this study shed light on the ongoing rearticulation(s) of the media regime that strategically produced neoliberal rationalities, subjectivities, and discursive antagonism as it assisted to shape urban imageries and political economies of sporting spaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When making public statements about abortion, those serving in the Russian Orthodox Church are beholden to the legacy of the Soviet health care system and the need to connect with audiences whose religious sentiments are largely nominal. This article explores framing of abortion by clerics and others serving in the Church in 150 Russian online newspaper articles. Said framing was analyzed according to typologies from prior research of morality policy and church-state relations in Russia. The frequency with which these frames were employed was measured and cross-referenced with article genres. The results show that rational-instrumental frames rooted in secular reasoning surpassed religious argumentation and appeals for state intervention, and that frames expressing disillusionment with the Russian government outpaced positive assessments of the state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article uses the gender perspective to compare the 2020 Belarus protests and the Arab Spring and its aftermath in Egypt (2011–13). It argues that in both cases authoritarian militarized hegemonic masculinities, articulated through authoritarian body politics, attempted to suppress the protest movements. The latter, in turn, drew on a number of gendered images and symbols to perform its counter-hegemonic practices of resistance. The study employs discourse analysis and visual analysis methods and draws on a broad selection of data from Egyptian and Belarusian online newspapers and social media for the respective periods. The article concludes that, despite historical and cultural differences between the two countries, there are notable similarities in the ways gender is politicized and performed by both the regimes and the protest movements. These findings suggest a close connection between authoritarianism and militarized hegemonic masculinities, which can be established cross-regionally and cross-culturally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes four online school newspapers produced in Brazilian high school (Ensino Médio), aiming to explain how these school newspapers are configured as a hypergenre (Bonini, 2011b). To achieve this, were surveyed the genres which constitute those newspapers (organizing, functioning and support genres), as well as the themes evoked and, based on de Palácios (2003), the use of online journalism mechanisms, especially interactivity, hypertextuality and multimediality. The analyzed issues presented characteristics of an online digital hypergenre, showing blog and conventional journalism shapes, and also, although in a restrict way, categories of online journalism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Modern societies provide an abundance of opportunities, which could lead to acceleration and time poverty, thereby paradoxically limiting well‐being. This study examines this issue using social distancing measures introduced during the COVID‐19 pandemic. We analyzed a data set of over four million responses, collected by the German online newspaper "ZEIT ONLINE," where people responded to the question "How are you today?" with "good" or "bad," assessing subjective well‐being, and an optional self‐descriptive adjective of mood. The results showed that subjective well‐being significantly increased with the onset of social distancing regulations. This increase was closely accompanied by a rise in adjectives associated with deceleration, the daily usage of which best predicted daily well‐being during COVID‐19. Factor analysis showed that Factor 1 best predicted daily well‐being and was effectively described by adjectives associated with deceleration. An analysis of potential mechanisms of deceleration during the pandemic revealed lower stress levels during workdays and weekends, as well as better sleep. These findings provide large‐scale support to theories suggesting that acceleration and time poverty in modern societies may impair well‐being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using structural regression analyses, data from the U.S. 2017 Program on International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC) background survey were examined to test the effect of informal learning (observed through everyday activities, such as reading the newspaper or using the Internet to find information about issues) on civic engagement (observed through volunteerism, political self-efficacy, and social trust). Results showed a positive relationship between informal learning and civic engagement with ICT-related activities having the strongest effect. This effect was mediated by presence of a lifelong learning mindset (LLM) observed through traits related to learning motivation and persistence. Although a majority of respondents indicated agreement with LLM attitudes and behaviors, they also reported low frequencies of volunteerism and less agreement with political self-efficacy and social trust statements. The need for governments to provide meaningful opportunities for citizens to contribute their knowledge to the community, thus enabling a learning democracy, is discussed in light of these findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the nineteenth century, Irish newspaper culture became more experimental in nature. The form of Irish nationalist newspapers as an assemblage of various registers and genres embodied the politics of Irish nationalism and anti-colonialism in the period. These media innovations, as well as the forms of writing disseminated, transformed again during the Great Famine in Ireland (1846–51). During and after the Famine, the gothic was mobilized in newspaper columns, often in service of producing critiques of empire. Examining Irish newspaper writing on famine in India and on the Morant Bay Rebellion, this essay argues that engagement with the gothic in the anti-colonialist press in Victorian Ireland allowed for the emergence of powerful and distinctly internationalist critiques of colonial capitalism and its violent apparatuses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This contribution is part of a broader research programme – inspired by the 'modelling' paradigmatic approach to Social Representations Theory – articulated in 'field' and 'media' studies. The latter are aimed at detecting social representations of (im)migrants in relation to social inclusion/exclusion, identity affiliations and ideological positions in the 'multivoiced' and 'multiagent' 10.074 sources from: (a) scientific discourse, (b)political-institutional discourse, (c) media discourse in newspapers and broadcast, (d) social discourse 'by' and 'for' lay people via four social media. This contribution analyzes 908 articles about '(im)migration' published in 2017–2019 in four Italian online newspapers of different political orientations. The results here presented illustrate the five Clusters emerged by Descending Hierarchical Classification by IRaMuTeQ. Crossresults concerning the transversal analysis of other sources from different media are also briefly presented in the conclusions, highlighting the consistency of the polarized discourse on (im)migration, depending on the ideological political positioning of the multi-voiced and multi-agent social actors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Following developments in destandardisation of linguistic norms in non-standard Arabic writing practices (Mejdell, 2017), the present study aims to analyse formal intermediate registers emerging in Moroccan written productions. Using colloquial Arabic (ʕĀmmiyya) in writing is increasing, also in Morocco (Kebede & Hinds, 2016; Caubet, 2017a-b, 2018; Miller, 2017), where Dāriǧa (Moroccan Arabic) combined with Fuṣḥā (Standard Arabic), both in oral and written interactions (Mixed Arabic) is also emerging in more or less formal productions. Recently, Moroccan publications, such as Elmedlaoui’s (2019) monograph al-ʕArabiyyatu al-Dāriǧatu (a comprehensive description of Dāriǧa in Dāriǧa, and in Arabic script), corroborate the interest on «middle/educated» Arabic (intermediate registers of Moroccan Arabic, mixing Fuṣḥā and Dāriǧa in formal, but ordinary, interactions among educated speakers). Based on syntactic descriptions in Elmedlaoui (2019), the present study aims at analysing the stylistic variation of (middle/educated) Dāriǧa in a corpus of 346 articles and its corresponding 2176 comments of Goud (a Moroccan online newspaper expressing in Moroccan Arabic). Quantitative and qualitative approaches in analysing declarative sentences and genitive constructions, allow to observe contrasting trends. As opposed to the syntactic (and artificial) regularities described in al-ʕArabiyyatu al-Dāriǧatu, Goud’s written production shows syntactic and stylistic heterogeneous features of middle/educated (written) Dāriǧa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates migrant representation patterns according to media political orientation, analyzing the coverage of key-events by liberal/conservative online newspapers of France, Greece, Italy, UK. From our textual and visual analysis, it is possible to recognize slight specificities between liberals and conservatives, but not indicative of a deep change of narratives. In both, we registered a prevalence of the "acceptance frame", an infrequent use of negative tones in texts and aesthetic topic in images, among the "topics of suffering" by Boltanski. Moreover, a domesticity approach limiting the possibility of new narratives of Europe and the rest of the world emerges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]