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The broad availability of smartphones has provided new opportunities to develop less expensive, portable, and integrated point-of-care (POC) platforms. Here, a platform that consists of three main components is introduced: a portable housing, a centrifugal microfluidic disc, and a mobile phone. The mobile phone supplies the electrical power and serves as an analysing system. The low-cost housing made from cardboard serves as a platform to conduct tests. The electrical energy stored in mobile phones was demonstrated to be adequate for spinning a centrifugal disc up to 3000 revolutions per minute (RPM), a rotation speed suitable for majority of centrifugal microfluidics-based assays. For controlling the rotational speed, a combination of magnetic and acoustic tachometry using embedded sensors of the mobile phone was used. Experimentally, the smartphone-based tachometry was proven to be comparable with a standard laser-based tachometer. As a proof of concept, two applications were demonstrated using the portable platform: a colorimetric sandwich immunoassay to detect interleukin-2 (IL-2) having a limit of detection (LOD) of 65.17 ng/mL and a fully automated measurement of hematocrit level integrating blood-plasma separation, imaging, and image analysis that takes less than 5 mins to complete. The low-cost platform weighing less than 150 g and operated by a mobile phone has the potential to meet the REASSURED criteria for advanced diagnostics in resource limited settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this article is to improve the performance of DBD excimer lamps systems for UV production. Within this framework, our approach considers two distinct directions: the geometric dimensions of the double-barrier lamp bulb and the characteristics of the power supply. To explore these directions, a sampling of 19 bulbs of different geometries is considered, and a specially designed power supply is used, capable of controlling the shape (duration and magnitude) and frequency of current pulses injected into the plasma. A dedicated test bench, including a supervisory program that drives the power supply and collects system performance data, is used to perform parametric sweeps and guarantee measurement repeatability: the set of electrical parameters is fully explored for each lamp, and each experiment is characterized by UV emission performance and electrical generator operating conditions. Multiquadric response surfaces, used to format the results of this multi-variable exploration, reveal the most efficient directions for system optimization: increasing gas volume and, at a given operating frequency, providing the shortest possible current pulses with high amplitude can increase both UV emission and conversion efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article dealt the application of three-phase all-pass filter integrated with phase-locked loop (3Ø-APF-PLL) control approach in islanded electrical supply system for enhanced power quality (PQ). It also covers the effectiveness of proposed control under various operating conditions such as intermittent wind speed, variable solar irradiance, and unbalanced nonlinear load. An islanded electrical supply system includes wind energy generation, solar photovoltaic (SPV), and battery energy storage (BES). The proposed control technique provides a coordinated and balanced operation under a dynamical load. A 3Ø-APL-PLL-based control approach is proposed to extract the maximum value of fundamental component of load current and phase angle. The proposed control approach is utilized to operate voltage source converter (VSC) that performs multi-functions, such as reducing source current harmonics, power compensation (real & reactive), balancing of loads, and improving the overall power quality of the islanded SPV-wind-BES electrical supply system. The SPV system is developed using an incremental conductance (IC)-based maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique to extract maximum power during the intermittent conditions of solar irradiance. A bidirectional controller (BDC) is designed to operate the charging/discharging modes of a BES. Generally, an islanded electrical supply system suffers from poor voltage & frequency regulation due to the intermittency of power generation sources, which can be solved by utilizing a BES with BDC control to manage the power leveling between the power generation sources and the unbalanced load. A 3Ø-APF-PLL control approach is compared to existing controllers like a least mean square (LMS) (Singh et al. in IET Power Electron 13:2767–2774, 2020) and second-order generalized integrator-based frequency locked loop (SOGI-FLL) (Golestan et al. in IEEE Trans Power Electron 34:213–224, 2018). Numerous parameters, such as the evaluation of the maximum value of the fundamental component, stability, steady-state error, and harmonic compensation capabilities, are taken into account when comparing 3Ø-APF-PLL to the control approaches described above. The dynamic parameters of the islanded electrical supply system are justified under the IEEE-519 standard. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Ingenius, Revista Ciencia y Tecnología is the property of Universidad Politecnica Salesiana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Piezoceramic products are actively used in modern technical devices and appliances. Disk piezoelectric devices are widely used in elements of information systems: in wireless communication, elements of satellite communication, global positioning systems. Among such devices, microwave piezo motors on traveling waves of various types are distinguished, including a motor built on an electromechanical disk converter, which performs non-axisymmetric oscillations under the action of a harmonic electric load. In this study, we perform separation of the electrode coating of the plate with thin diametrical dielectric sections and introduce a time-varying electric potential difference of different amplitude or phase to individual parts of the plate. We study the problem of non-axisymmetric planar oscillations of a piezoceramic disk with thickness polarization and the problem of optimization of the electromechanical coupling coefficient (EMCO) value as a function of an infinite number of parameters in space l 2 of square summable sequences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For projectile impact penetration experiment, batteries or capacitors are usually used as power sources for projectile-borne recording devices. However, these power sources are easy to fail under high impact. In this paper, a small-impact magnetoelectric generator is introduced, which converts impact force into electrical energy to supply power for devices. The influence of generator structure on force–electricity conversion efficiency is analyzed. Based on the analysis, a small-impact magnetoelectric generator with double springs and two-part coils is designed. A hammer test is carried out on the generator. The test results show that this generator structure would achieve higher force–electricity conversion efficiency under small space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Approximately 90% of the global human population have access to a supply of electrical energy. Existing national electrical energy supply systems possess good technical availability but with significant system-inherent risks. The latter show their effects in the systems' operational behaviour, their impact on the national economy and on the global climate. National electrical energy supply systems in their current state can therefore not be considered sustainable. This invites the question, "can there be a national electrical energy supply system that is simultaneously technologically, economically and environmentally sustainable?". Main text: The contents of this article are of a fundamental nature. They start from a newly established axiomatic system for multiple-sustainable electric energy systems. The axioms contain no dependencies on individual users, nation states or technologies. For the transition into a sustainable energy system, core challenges faced by existing systems are synthesized, the fulfillment of which determines the feasibility of future systems. We state that anthropogenically generated electrical energy is a product possessing a cultural-technical significance. In this article, the possibilities arising from the physical fundamentals are considered. In addition, a new control system is developed that integrates user impact, quality assurance and cost developments in order to show a means to multiple-sustainable energy supply systems. An essential component of the control system is a unified view of energy production and energy transport. This also includes a transition from the previous, technology-dominated energy supply system into a new system for which the relevant social concerns are primary. One axiom deals with the economic concerns of management organizations of national electrical energy systems. At first, only the monetary working hypothesis is formulated, whereby organizations within the energy economy must be decoupled from basic business principles. Detailed discussions will be dealt with in a further article. Conclusions: Through the transition from a technology-defined to a user-defined electrical energy supply system, the system-immanent risks in the operational behaviour, the national economy and the climate can be avoided simultaneously in an ideal complementary combination. Building upon the physical solution space, the quality-assured control process, which contains a systematic cost-reversal and a central focus upon the cultural-technical product of electrical energy, ensures such a transition is achievable by means of fulfillment of the core challenges. For these fundamental statements, which refer to the transformation into a future system, detailed explanations of organizational units are not yet necessary since they are not subject to any natural-scientific restrictions. However, they are essential for the post-transformation process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The move away from fossil diesel fuel, the increasing demand for irrigation, and changes in the regulations on the use of fertilizers and pesticides make it necessary or offer the opportunity to systemically transform established agricultural processes. In this article, the wide span system is used to provide an infrastructure for continuous electric agricultural machinery, for irrigation and for the application of fertilizers and pesticides. A process simulation is used to calculate the additional energy requirements of the system. This is then compared with the energy demand of other energy supply and drive concepts based on renewable energy sources. When the system is aligned parallel to the main working direction of the agricultural machine, the additional electrical energy demand is less than 0.5 kWh/ha. An economic implementation of the wide span system as an agricultural production system remains to be investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anomalies in electricity consumption can have a significant impact on the efficiency and dependability of power systems. Therefore, precise and prompt anomaly detection is essential for ensuring efficient system operation. This research paper presents an in-depth analysis of various machine-learning approaches for detecting abnormalities in Indian electricity consumption data. Specifically, the performance of three widely used machine learning algorithms, namely eXtreme Gradient Boosting, (XGBoost) Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), is evaluated. The efficacy of each technique is assessed using performance indicators, including mean absolute error (MAE), mean squared error (MSE), and coefficient of determination (R2). The findings of this study provide valuable insights into the most effective machine-learning methods for identifying anomalies in Indian energy usage data. Moreover, this research contributes to the advancement of power grid anomaly detection technologies, leading to more effective systems. The anticipated outcome of this effort is an increase in the dependability and efficiency of the electrical supply system, benefiting both power system operators and end users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Rolling Stock (1002-7602) is the property of Rolling Stock Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Electric vehicles (EVs) are universally recognized as an incredibly effective method of lowering gas emissions and dependence on oil for transportation. Electricity, rather than more traditional fuels like gasoline or diesel, is used as the main source of energy to recharge the batteries in EVs. Future oil demand should decline as a result of the predicted rise in the number of EVs on the road. The charging infrastructure is considered as a key element of EV technology where the recent research is mostly focused. A strong charging infrastructure that serves both urban and rural areas, especially those with an unstable or nonexistent electrical supply, is essential in promoting the global adoption of EVs. Followed by different EV structures such as fuel-cell- and battery-integrated EVs, the charging infrastructures are thoroughly reviewed in three modes, specifically—off-grid (standalone), grid-connected, and hybrid modes (capable of both standalone and grid-connected operations). It will be interesting for the readers to understand in detail several energy-source-based charging systems and the usage of charging stations for different power levels. Towards the improvement of the lifetime and efficiency of EVs, charging methods and charging stations in integration with microgrid architectures are thoroughly investigated. EVs are a multi-energy system, which requires effective power management and control to optimize energy utilization. This review article also includes an evaluation of several power management and control strategies followed by the impact assessment of EVs on the utility grid. The findings and the future research directions provided in this review article will be extremely beneficial for EV operators and research engineers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Renewable distributed generators (RDGs) have made inroads in recent power systems owing to the environmental effect of traditional generators and their high consumption of electric energy. The widespread use of RDGs has been a recent trend in numerous nations. The integration complexity and the intermittent nature of RDGs can undermine the security and stability of microgrids (µGs). In order to guarantee the effectiveness, dependability, and quality of the electricity delivered, appropriate control methods are necessary. RDGs are being included in single-phase microgrids (1Ø-µGs) to generate energy closer to the user. The creation of low-voltage µGs allows for increased energy efficiency and improved electrical supply dependability. Nevertheless, the combined power pumped by DGs might create power quality (PQ) difficulties, especially during off-grid operations. The three biggest problems with PQ are reactive-power swapping, voltage and frequency (VαF) variations, and current and voltage (IαV) harmonic falsification associated with 1Ø-µGs; these conditions may affect the operation of µGs. The designed and implemented (primary–secondary control systems) in RDGs are the prevalent strategy discussed in the literature for mitigating these PQ difficulties. Furthermore, emerging grid innovations like the electrical spring offer viable alternatives that might reduce some problems through decentralized operation. Although several research studies have addressed PQ concerns in 3Ø-µGs, not all of these solutions are immediately applicable to their 1Ø equivalents. In this paper, the state of the art and a performance comparison of several PQ enhancement strategies of µGs is discussed. Additionally, the primary difficulties and several PQ approach tactics are highlighted. All vital features from high-quality published articles and new dimensions in this field are presented for mitigating PQ difficulties in 1Ø-µGs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Smart Rail Transit is the property of Smart Rail Transit Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper is a documentation work that will present several achievements regarding small-scale hydrokinetic energy production systems used as an alternative solution for supplying electrical energy to various consumers. Hydrokinetic turbine systems can represent an efficient technical and economic solution to meet the electricity needs for powers up to 1000 W in areas where connection to the distribution network is not possible, or for achieving electricity savings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the development of a disruption responsive smart room technology with an Attendance Management System. It outlines the key features of the technology, such as the use of sensors to identify environmental changes, the creation of algorithms to comprehend and react to these changes, and the integration of smart devices to facilitate smooth communication and control. The disruptive responsive technology has transformed traditional processes and industrial practices combined with the latest smart technology that evolved locally and globally. The proponent of this study created the Development of a Disruption Responsive Smart Room Technology, which will allow modern technologies to be used to generate a substantial difference from the traditional ones. The objectives of this study were to establish an RFID (Radio Frequency Identification)-based registration and identification system for faculty and students that will help with the accuracy of attendance management and an electrical supply relay socket that will enable the function of a smart room technology that will give the faculty the power to control the devices connected to and networked with a mobile console. The automatic temperature change based on the humidity levels of the room utilizing the humidity sensor is another highlight of the study. The technology needs to be linked to a network and the internet in order to function as intended. The researcher used Developmental Research in this study and utilized the Agile Methodology, which includes all of its phases. Its purpose is to assess the research effectiveness and efficiency with an excellent rating from its respondents. The paper concludes with an evaluation of the potential issues with the technology's development and application and provides recommendations for further research in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is interested in studying a system consisting of a wind turbine operating at variable wind speeds, and a two-feed asynchronous machine (DFIG) connected to the grid by a stator and fed by a transducer at the side of the rotor. The conductors are separately controlled for active and reactive power flow between the stator (DFIG) and the grid. The proposed controllers generate reference voltages for the rotor to ensure that the active and reactive power reaches the required reference values, to ensure effective tracking of the optimum operating point and to obtain the maximum electrical power output. Dynamic analysis of the system is performed under variable wind speeds. This analysis is based on active and reactive energy control. The new work in this paper is to introduce theories of genetic algorithms into the control strategy used in the switching chain of wind turbines in order to improve performance and efficiency. Simulation results applied to genetic algorithms give greater efficiency, impressive results, and stability to wind turbine systems are compared to classic PI regulators. Then, artificial intelligent controls, such as genetic algorithms control, are applied. Results obtained in the Matlab/Simulink environment show the efficiency of this proposed unit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Przegląd Elektrotechniczny is the property of Przeglad Elektrotechniczny and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this paper, a piezoelectric microgripper for arbitrary 2D trajectory is proposed. The desired trajectory of the specimen under consideration was obtained by the deformability of a structure consisting of 16 straight beams and 12 C-structures. The mechanical action that deforms the structure was obtained by an electrical voltage supplied to piezoelectric plates. In order to verify the proposed model a FEM software (COMSOL) was used and some of the most commonly used trajectories for medical applications, micropositioning, micro-object manipulation, etc., were examined. The results showed that the proposed microgripper was capable of generating any parametrizable trajectory. Parametric studies were also carried out by examining the most relevant parameters highlighting their influence on specimen trajectories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Uninterruptible power supply (UPS) is a form of electrical supply that is frequently used to regulate electrical current and perform as a backup power source when the primary power source fails. Apart from providing backup power, the inverter system proposed in this study can reduce harmonic effects and increase power factor. The control system is based on a synchronized reference frame (SRF) and uses online combined error adaptive fuzzy (OCEAF). The load voltage and current are decomposed into their symmetrical components: positive, negative, and zero. These components are then transformed to a synchronous reference frame (dq), which OCEAF controls. Controlling the inverter is accomplished by converting the controller output to abc coordinates. OCEAF combines the delta error adaptive fuzzy (DEAF) and the absolute error adaptive fuzzy (AEAF) techniques with the NN adaptor. This adaptive fuzzy-PI automatically modifies the Kp and Ki values when the system changes, significantly when the source value alters or is faulty. According to power factor measurements, OCEAF performance is superior, more consistent, and closely unity power factor. As for evaluating network harmonics, systems with OCEAF controllers may reduce network harmonics from 6.24 % to between 1 and 1.5 %. The DEAF and CEAF techniques reduce harmonics by 2- 2.5 and 1.5-2 %, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents an analysis of false triggers of fire protection systems installed on aircraft. They not only cause task interruption but also have a direct impact on flight safety, forcing the crew to land in a risky area. Simulation models of electronic actuators were developed to determine the conditions under which false alarms occur. Testing of the simulation models was carried out in the computational package Matlab-Simulink and Circum-Maker for different electrical disturbance generation conditions. The simulation of overvoltage, voltage drops and voltage decays in the on-board electrical network supplying the fire protection system, occurring during the start-up of aircraft engines and during the switching on and off of on-board high-power devices, was studied. The conducted studies have practical applications since the simulation results are an important element for planning experimental tests of the SSP-FK-BI executive blocks under electrical disturbance conditions. Based on the simulation and experimental studies, the conditions causing false tripping of the fire protection system and the parameters for selected disturbance factors have been determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Liberalization of the electricity market has forced the use of economic and efficient maintenance techniques. Thus, it is necessary to extend the useful life of the facilities in a perfect state of service, and with quality supply for customers. Furthermore, thermography is a maintenance technique that can be implemented quickly, has low cost, and is very effective in terms of the results provided. For this reason, it is very widespread within the electricity sector. As substations are critical facilities within the electrical supply, thermographic inspections are carried out on them very frequently. However, to ensure that the results obtained are reliable, a series of requirements must be met. A compilation of the complete process of the performance of a correct thermography in substations is shown. The factors that affect performing a correct thermographic inspection are indicated. These can be procedural, technical, and environmental. In addition, conditions for conducting thermographic inspections and the action to performed on a hot spot are indicated. The hot spot is usually identified with a current and wind speed other than nominal; these two variables can mask the true severity of the hot spot. For this reason, the extrapolation of the detected temperature to the nominal current conditions and in the absence of wind is carried out using a proposed formula. Finally, two examples of application of the proposed formula and the recommended action on them are exposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study addresses a sensitive topic, namely how human subjects undergoing medical procedures can be protected by means of medical electrical equipment. A solution to this problem is to monitor the stabilized electrical supply voltages of the medical equipment. The net effect of the proposed protection is the automatic disconnection of the medical equipment from the alternating voltage network supplying the medical equipment. This disconnection must be done without using electrical switching devices that contain electrical contacts that can generate electrical sparks. This is because most of the time the medical equipment is placed in an area where pure oxygen or other combustible gases predominate. Therefore, only static relays are used in this case. The realized electronic module has been tested in the laboratory and is capable of automatic disconnection of any medical equipment from the 230 V~, f = 50 Hz AC power supply in the case of major faults, which can be caused by accidental overvoltage on the electric energy supply lines, accidental over temperatures, transient overvoltage which are propagated during storms, etc. This study presents the transient phenomena that occur in the immediate vicinity of the monitored voltages range. Finally, a solution for simultaneous monitoring of four electric voltages and/or currents is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electric energy supply grids, which are regarded the largest segment of the energy system due to the structure, diversity, and multiplicity of the equipment used in them, have allocated the largest share of subscribers’ blackouts. Hence, enhancing the consistency of supply grids has attracted the attention of many experts in the electricity industry. One of the major and successful responses to enhancing the consistency of electrical energy supply grids is the effective use of disconnectors and maneuvering points. The number and situation of these tools have a crucial effect on the success of maneuver operations in supply grids, and with the proper design of these tools, the level of consistency of this part of the power system can be crucially enhanced. Considering that the appropriate situation of each of these two tools (disconnectors or maneuvering points) is dependent on the success of the other device, in the design of aerial supply grids, to achieve an ideal response, the issue of identifying the situation of both tools must be solved simultaneously. In this article, a new framework is offered to find response to the issue of simultaneous positioning of disconnectors and maneuvering points in supply grids, in which the expenses of switches, lines, and also the expense of blackouts in the network are included. Since the above issue has diverse objective functions, a developed multi-purpose particle swarm optimization framework has been utilized to solve it. The suggested extended model, considering additional operators, is trying to enhance its local and global search. Finally, the suggested technique and model have been discussed and explored on the sample system under diverse working conditions. The acquired outcomes show that this model can be used in the design and planning units of electricity distribution companies as a suitable tool for designing disconnectors and maneuvering points. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Experimental study of a solar simulator for investigation of photovoltaic modules. • Characterization of a large-scale solar simulator according to ASTM/IEC standards. • Evaluation of design features and components for a large-scale solar simulator. • Analysis of light source, energy source, and mounting structure. • Analysis of reflector geometry, lamp height, and distance between reflectors. The evaluation of photovoltaic devices must be carried out in laboratories under stable conditions of irradiance, spatial uniformity, and spectral mismatch. Large-scale solar simulators are a reliable option for this. Various designs of simulators have been reported; however, more needs to be deepened in their study. In this work, an experimental investigation was conducted in order to explore the relationship between spatial non-uniformity, temporal instability, and the design features and components of a large-scale solar simulator based on metal halide lamps. The evaluation was based on the standard performance requirements of solar simulators, and various parameters were considered, including the geometry of the reflectors, the distance between reflectors, and the height of the lamps. In addition, the forces and deformations of the complete structure of the simulator, as well as the effects of the lamp orientation and the type of electrical supply, were analyzed. Based on the evaluation results of the design features and components, a simulator solar with an illuminated area of 1.7 m x 1.8 m was designed, constructed, and experimentally tested. A simulator class C was achieved, covering an area of 0.50 m x 0.50 m. The performance of the solar simulator was validated by experimental tests performed on commercial photovoltaic modules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, cold atmospheric pressure plasma jets for treatment application was studied with COMSOL Multiphysics by a finite element solver. The device operated with argon gas in atmospheric pressure which was supplied by an alternating current power supply. Effective plasma parameters for treatment such as electron density and temperature as well as electrical potential were investigated. Plasma parameters that affect treatment were determined by establishing a virtual laboratory before the experiment. Using this virtual laboratory, the plasma parameters with probable effects on the treatment can be determined before the experiment. The results showed that the electron density value was suitable for the therapeutic applications and the plasma temperature was in the allowable range for treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The results of studies related to the problem of creating an infrared simulator of a multimodule type for modeling heat loads on the surface of a spacecraft during their thermal vacuum testing are presented. It is shown that such a simulator can be created using mesh emitters as modules used in autonomous thermal vacuum tests of individual elements of a spacecraft with predominantly flat outer surfaces. This raises the problem of controlling a multimodule simulator, which consists in the need to determine such a nature of the distribution of electrical power supplied to individual modules, in which the calculated external heat loads on the surface of the test object would be reproduced with the highest possible accuracy for the simulation system under consideration. This problem is solved as an inverse problem of the theory of control of thermal processes. The results of computational experiments indicate the possibility of achieving high accuracy in modeling external heat loads on a spacecraft with a nonconcave outer surface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite Grewendorf's well-known German binding data with the double-object verb zeigen 'show', where one object reflexively binds the other and which suggests that the direct object (DO) is generated higher than the indirect object (IO), this paper argues for the canonical surface order of IO > DO as base order. We highlight the exceptional status of Grewendorf's examples, build on scope facts as well as a quantitative acceptability rating study, and exploit the fact that zeigen can also be used as inherently reflexive with idiomatic meaning. Appealing to the base configuration of the pieces of idiomatic expressions and considering different Spell-Out possibilities of coreferential objects in German, we show that the case, number, and gender underspecification of the anaphor sich poses a previously unnoticed problem for derivational approaches to binding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines ethical implications of the growing AI carbon footprint, focusing on the fair distribution of prospective responsibilities among groups of involved actors. First, major groups of involved actors are identified, including AI scientists, AI industry, and AI infrastructure providers, from datacenters to electrical energy suppliers. Second, responsibilities of AI scientists concerning climate warming mitigation actions are disentangled from responsibilities of other involved actors. Third, to implement these responsibilities nudging interventions are suggested, leveraging on AI competitive games which would prize research combining better system accuracy with greater computational and energy efficiency. Finally, in addition to the AI carbon footprint, it is argued that another ethical issue with a genuinely global dimension is now emerging in the AI ethics agenda. This issue concerns the threats that AI-powered cyberweapons pose to the digital command, control, and communication infrastructure of nuclear weapons systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]