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Opportunities for the shared consumption of publicly available products that once might have been considered personal-use only, such as hand sanitizers and shampoos, are proliferating in the consumer environment. This work explores shared product consumption in these underresearched, but now ubiquitous, contexts. The authors suggest and find, over a series of five studies and across a variety of product domains, that sharing a product with strangers (i.e., sharing-out) engenders a lower sense of identification with the product, which leads to lower perceived product efficacy. They further show that the dampening effect of sharing-out on efficacy perceptions is limited to consumers high in self–brand connection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThere is a tendency in recent curriculum reforms to put the major emphasis on the status and role of students. The OECD’s Education 2030 project, for example, presents the concept of ‘student agency’ as a key vision for future learning frameworks. The OECD’s discourse of student agency appears to serve as a catalyst for spreading the slogan that students should be the subjects of learning and specifically for expanding the scope of student freedom as never before. This study aims to rethink the meanings of student freedom and subjectivity within this discourse of student agency. To this end, I analyse the characteristics of student freedom that emerge in recent curriculum reforms and then present some criticisms of this conceptualization. In response, I suggest an alternative conceptualization of student freedom that puts the emphasis on students becoming subjects in learning. In doing so, I draw upon the philosophical ideas of Levinas and Cavell. Both are philosophers who provide a theoretical horizon that can overcome egocentrism and re-examine human freedom and subjectivity in relationships with others. In the light of this conceptualization, I provide an account of the ideas of student freedom and subjectivity that should guide curriculum reform. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the widespread popularity of online reading challenges on platforms like Goodreads and The StoryGraph, research on this phenomenon has been mostly absent. This article addresses this gap by examining the motivations of adolescent participants in reading challenges, the outcomes of their participation and the implications for their reading routines. Drawing upon semi‐structured interviews with 20 participants aged 15–20 years, the article shows that motivations range from a desire for social engagement within a book‐loving peer group to self‐challenge. A common thread is that reading challenges serve as a catalyst for increased volitional reading by adolescents, accompanied by changes in their reading habits. Furthermore, analysis of the responses reveals that these evolving reading practices are perceived by participants as both stimulating and self‐directed. However, the research also underscores the significant role played by algorithms on platforms like Goodreads in influencing reading routines. The study also shows that some participants in online reading challenges are guided by social motivation, although most of them experience social motives as secondary to their individual and intrinsic desire to read more. At the same time, some individuals partaking in online reading challenges prove susceptible to negative perceptions from others. Hence, this research foregrounds crucial tensions in online reading cultures adolescents engage in, specifically those between autonomy and algorithm and sociocentrism and egocentrism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transhumanism presents a view of human progress by transcending the human, regarding finitude and suffering to be fundamental problems that must be overcome by radical bioenhancement technologies. Recent theologians have compared Christianity and transhumanism as competing deifications via grace and technology, respectively. Ron Cole-Turner is a cautious yet optimistic interpreter of the relationship between Christian deification and transhumanism, regarding them, on the one hand, to be incompatible based on self-centeredness vs. kenosis, while on the other hand, they can be compatible through a robust theology of creation and transfiguration such that creative human efforts via technology will be an active agent in transforming the world in glory. In this way, Christian transhumanism offers a vision of human progress in deification that transfigures creation through technology. In this paper, I challenge this proposal. I wish to show how transhumanism in any stripe, whether secular, Christian, or other, is fundamentally incompatible with Christian deification for two reasons: (1) incompatible views of progress and (2) incompatible views of human agency in deification. I will address each in turn. I then propose that human progress is infinite growth in the love of Christ. Finally, I suggest how a view of human agency affects how we think about suffering as a means to human progress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present research shows that public (vs. anonymous) donations are viewed as a sign of egoistic motives, such as wanting to impress others. In addition, such public donations also are viewed as a sign of altruistic motives, such as wanting to encourage others to donate. These perceptions inform inferences of donors' communal traits, with egoistic motives suggesting weaker communal traits, and altruistic motives suggesting stronger ones. Inferences of communal traits impact behavior, with stronger communal traits predicting greater charitable donations. In sum, public modes of giving can decrease donations (through inferences of egoistic motives and weaker communal traits) and increase donations (through inferences of altruistic motives and stronger communal traits). These effects occur in the context of $100 and $10 donations (Study 1) and impact real contributions of money (Study 2) and volunteer work (Study 3). Platform managers can strengthen inferences of altruistic motives by communicating that public donations can motivate others to give (Study 4). Together, these findings enhance understanding of how public forms of giving influence others to donate, which has practical implications for donation platform managers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractStudies of the U.S. population in general and transgender and gender diverse (TGD) communities specifically suggest that religion and spirituality (R/S) can function in both positive and negative ways, including on health outcomes. Patients recovering from gender-affirming surgeries were asked by chaplains, during the course of spiritual care visits, to describe their R/S identities in their own words. Seventy-five responses were included in the study and were coded. Six themes and 10 sub-themes were identified. The themes were (1) centeredness in self; (2) transcendent belief system; (3) non-religious belief systems; (4) importance of prayer; (5) R/S identity and practice as fixed and consistent; and (6) R/S identity and practice as flexible, contextual, and transforming. The findings broadly reflected national data about R/S belonging, including trends related to the growing share of the population that identifies as atheist, agnostic, or spiritual but not religious; ambivalent relationships with R/S communities due to transphobia; and R/S beliefs and practices as supportive. Implications for chaplaincy practice are discussed, including the need for chaplains to understand both demographic trends and the intersections of R/S and transphobia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper argues that Nietzsche is deliberately imprecise in his characterization of what he calls the slave revolt in morality. In particular, none of the people or groups he nominates as instigators of the slave revolt, namely, Jewish priests, the Jewish people, the prophets, Jesus, and Paul, were literally slaves. Analysis of Nietzsche's texts, including his usage of the term “slaves,” and his sources concerning those he nominates as the instigators of the slave revolt, make clear that Nietzsche knew none of these were literally slaves. He calls it a slave revolt because he means that the propagators of that revolt preached what he takes to be the slavish values, including, humility, compassion, obedience, and lack of egoism. He uses the high loaded term “slave” both to disparage those values and, most importantly, to bring home to his readers the message that they, as inheritors of Judeo‐Christian values, actual adhere to and practice the debased slavish values preached, but not necessarily practiced, by the original instigators of the slave revolt. For Nietzsche, his readers are strangers to themselves, thus he notes “slavery is everywhere visible, although it does not call itself as such.” [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conscience can be defined as a dynamic psychological function that regulates our behavior and identity through self-reflection, in an interplay of the constituent functions empathy, self-conscious emotions, and moral reasoning. Functions that are self-contained influences, but which together form the conscience. Compared to non-offenders, offenders have been reported to exhibit lower levels of these aspects. This study aims to provide a more dynamic understanding of how these aspects of conscience interact and constitute its functioning. Contrary to our expectation, network analysis (N = 281) revealed no significant differences in the structure or density of conscience networks between offenders (n = 123) and non-offenders (n = 158). Results of regression analyses suggest that conscience depends strongly on the development of self, on decentralization from self-centeredness to a broadened perspective, and more on capacities for affective than cognitive empathy. Cognitive distortions appeared not to be predictive of lower levels of guilt or shame. Failure of one of the constituent aspects appears to negatively affect the functioning of conscience as a whole. Diagnosing conscience functioning must therefore be aimed at all of those aspects in order to enable targeted interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article addresses a behavioral dichotomy that seems to be a prerequisite in proper leadership performance in today's world, especially in organizational settings that cultivate a culture of wellness and reciprocal progress. While the involved concepts - ego and altruism - are generally familiar human traits, the need for a shift from one to the other once leadership has been attained, has not been discussed as such before. This article therefore aims to evoke within leaders the awareness of the need to shift their mindset, and therefore their behavior, from ego-driven to collectivefocused once elevated into a leadership position. The content of this article was garnered through an introspective review, whereby the author reflected on internally and externally observed leadership experiences as a guiding factor toward substantiating or rectifying existing notions. Leadershift has thereby been interpreted as a phenomenon with egoism and altruism as the edges of the leadership continuum. What gets us into leadership is often not the same as what successfully keeps us there. Understanding the balance between the qualities that get us in the leadership position and the ones that will make us stay there - and do so in a satisfactory way - is a critical strategy in today's leadership. This article emphasizes an intuitive contrast that will only become easier to implement as leadership experience mounts and mindfulness is maintained. It confronts leaders with the need to understand and be receptive to paradigm shifts and behavioral adjustments as they transition toward higher career echelons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Political elites must know and rely faithfully on the public will to be democratically responsive. Recent work on elite perceptions of public opinion shows that reelection‐motivated politicians systematically misperceive the opinions of their constituents to be more conservative than they are. We extend this work to a larger and broader set of unelected political elites such as lobbyists, civil servants, journalists, and the like, and report alternative empirical findings. These unelected elites hold similarly inaccurate perceptions about public opinion, though not in a single ideological direction. We find this elite population exhibits egocentrism bias, rather than partisan confirmation bias, as their perceptions about others' opinions systematically correspond to their own policy preferences. Thus, we document a remarkably consistent false consensus effect among unelected political elites, which holds across subsamples by party, occupation, professional relevance of party affiliation, and trust in party‐aligned information sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tabayyun is the property of Arab Center for Research & Policy Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Neutral monism is the view that 'mind' and 'matter' are composed of, or grounded in, more basic elements of reality that are intrinsically neither mental nor material. Before adopting this view in 1918, Russell was a mind–matter dualist and a pointed critic of it. His most 'decisive' objection concerns whether it can provide an adequate analysis of egocentricity and our use of indexical expressions such as 'I', 'this', 'now', and so on. I argue that M. G. F. Martin (2024) and other recent interpreters cannot make proper sense of Russell's shifting views about egocentricity because they misascribe to his early dualism the thesis that experience is in some sense 'diaphanous' or 'transparent'. Against this, I make the case that (1) Russell rejected the diaphaneity of experience as a dualist, (2) this rejection played a key role in his early objections to neutral monism, and (3) several decades later Russell takes his neutral monism to have key resources for answering his prior objections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Freedom of religion and worship in accordance with religion and belief has been regulated in the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. Harmonization in respecting and respecting freedom of religion and worship must put aside egoism. The purpose of this study is to analyze examples of harmonization in freedom of religion and worship in a society that still maintains its beliefs but that still adheres the religion that is state-recognized religion. This study uses a qualitative method. Data collection was carried out through literature studies, participant observation, and interviews. The methods used to analyze the data are data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this study are: 1) Kejawen Islamic Society and Islamic Santri can tolerate and respect each other; 2) Kejawen Islamic Society and Islamic Santri have an understanding that worship is a personal or private matter between adherents of religions and God Almighty; and 3) A sense of egoism in society is put aside because of the understanding that the area is an area that historically and culturally has strong ties. The implication of this research is that it is an example for every society, which until now has still questioning the freedom of religion and belief of other people.

Imagine you are a real estate agent and are showing a prospective buyer a house with a lake view, but it is foggy, and the view is less than ideal. Are you inclined to tell the prospective buyer, "Unfortunately, it is foggy outside. If it were not foggy, the view would be even better!"? Eight studies, spanning diverse domains, reveal a novel discrepancy: most presenters (e.g., the seller) choose to communicate such upward counterfactual information (UCI) to experiencers (e.g., the prospective buyer), believing it will enhance experiencers' impressions (e.g., of the house)—yet UCI actually worsens their impressions. This discrepancy arises because presenters insufficiently account for the fact that they possess more knowledge about the presented target than experiencers do; they fail to realize that noting an imperfection reveals it. Accordingly, when experiencers are knowledgeable about the target, either because the imperfection is obvious or because they can easily envision the upward counterfactual, the discrepancy attenuates. Finally, the presenter–experiencer discrepancy occurs only when the counterfactual information is upward, such that presenters do not overcommunicate downward counterfactual information, which rules out a desire to share any information as an alternative mechanism for presenters' communication decisions. Together, this research highlights the prevalence and costs of sharing UCI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on in-depth interviews with 29 active drug robbers (25 male, 4 female) from St. Louis, MO (USA), we explore restraint among people and in circumstances where there should be none. Focusing on greed restraint at the crime's payoff point (i.e., not taking everything one could when rewards are seized), we identify the decision-making constructs and conceptual pathways by which this happens and discuss their implications for improved specification of the relationship between criminal propensity, self-regulation, and risk sensitivity. We contend that self-centeredness is the one dimension of criminal propensity that is sufficiently receptive to risk sensitivity to make self-regulation possible, and that individuals with low trait self-control can show state self-control when ambiguity aversion and reference point expectations align to sate anomic greed. This refinement offers novel pathways for future study of dual-influence models of crime, and suggests that offender decision-making is best conceptualized as a process that unfolds during crimes rather than a discrete event that precedes them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the effect of promotion strategies, altruism, and egoism on consumers' digital participation, attitudinal loyalty, and behavioral loyalty within the context of omnichannel cause‐related marketing. A scenario simulation method with a 3 × 2 × 2 factorial design is used to investigate the impact of the three promotion strategy types (celebrity endorsement, expert endorsement, and co‐branding), two altruism types (social donation and economic donation), and two egoism types (social incentives and economic incentives). The moderating effect of brand identification on the influence of strategies, altruism, and egoism on consumer digital participation, attitudinal loyalty, and behavioral loyalty is also tested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many modern programmes of preparation of young people for confirmation are based on theological models which are correct in theory but ineffective in practice. They often assume that young people come to know the Holy Spirit through catechesis based on Scripture. This article demonstrates that a much better way of preparing young people for confirmation can be found in the genuine letters of Paul the Apostle. He showed that the presence of the Holy Spirit in a human person is not merely a matter of belief, but it can also be experienced in a reliable way, which is not limited to charismatic phenomena. This way is based on the discovery of a number of virtues in young people's hearts, which are quite unexpected in the context of their human egoism, laziness, etc. For this reason, they must be regarded as the fruit of the Spirit, who broadens human hearts to love and to serve the poor. In this way, young people may also discover Christ - as the one who humbled himself to serve not his social status but people in need. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emotions shape how people understand and interact with others. Here, we review evidence on the relationship between anxiety—a future-oriented emotion characterized by negative valence, high arousal, and uncertainty—and mentalizing—the ascription of mental content to other agents. We examine three aspects of this relationship: how people with anxiety disorders perform on mentalizing tasks relative to controls; how situational anxiety alters mentalizing performance; and how autistic people, who experience the impacts of mentalizing differences, are at high risk of anxiety. We propose a bidirectional model for understanding how short-term and longer term anxiety are related to mentalizing. Key to this relationship is the aversive experience of uncertainty and the motivations that result from it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The role that the first-person perspective is allowed to play in moral reasoning is a major source of contemporary debate between partialists and impartialists. The discussion usually revolves around the question of partiality's justification when it is intended to benefit our loved ones. Surprisingly, the issue of partiality to oneself is rarely addressed directly and its link with egoism is left unexplored. This is a gap that this paper attempts to fill by focusing on some of the difficulties raised by the idea of justified partiality to oneself. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the possibility that product features may resonate differently with different consumers based on how consumers classify the product in relation to their selves. Prior research has shown that relating products to a consumer's self affects product memory, judgment, and choice. Here we identify a novel way in which the self contextualizes consumers' product decisions: egocentric processing. We introduce a theoretical distinction between two types of product features based on relative applicability to people versus products: person-related (e.g. toughness) and product-related (e.g. durability). Seven experiments demonstrated that consumers use self-categorization cues, such as ownership or brand, to classify products in relation to the category of self. Consumers then use the category of self, to which person-related features neatly apply, to process information about in-self products. Person-related features thus gain three advantages in consumer decisions about in-self (vs. out-self) products: greater consideration, faster processing, and higher importance. We see these advantages especially when (1) similar advantages are present in self-judgment, (2) consumers are self-focused, and (3) the self-categorization cue is self-defining. Our findings both open up new ways for marketers to increase the appeal of products for specific consumer segments and demonstrate ways to identify and target these segments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

First-generation Indian Australians may encounter challenges in adapting to the new country while trying to retain values from their homeland. The difficulties in their adjustment could potentially impact second-generation Australians raised in the country by immigrant parents, particularly regarding the reconciliation of differing value systems at home and within the broader society. This research explores the understudied area of coping and relationships among second-generation Indian-Australian teenagers. It is known that resilience plays a crucial role in mental health. Additionally, feelings of Alienation or detachment from oneself, others, or society can significantly contribute to mental health issues. Similarly, Positive Attachment to parents and significant adults is widely recognized as a facilitator of good psychological well-being among children and adolescents and Egocentrism is one of the crucial psychological factors in the development of Adolescents. This study aims to explore the connection between Positive Attachment, Alienation, Resilience and egocentrism among secondgeneration Indian-Australian teenagers. Total 180 adolescents of both Genders (Male N= 107, Female N= 73), participated in the study. 'Resiliency Scales for Children and Adolescents (RSCA) by Prince-Embury (2006)' and 'Bell Relationship Inventory for Adolescents by Bell, PhD. (BRIA) 2005' were the tools used. Pearson Correlation indicated that Resilience and Positive attachment are positively correlated. and there was a negative correlation between Resilience and Alienation. Resilience and Egocentrism were also negatively correlated. In terms of Gender difference there was no gender difference found on any of these variables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is the first to identify and conceptualize theological notions in contemporary rabbinic discourse which serve to undermine the advancement of women's rights and curtail the integration of feminist notions and norms into religious Zionist society in Israel. Our analysis identifies five discursive moves that serve as broad theological obstacles, providing religious grounding for the current illiberal hostility to feminism in Israel. The primary axes of backlash in rabbinic discourse are: "sacrifice," "the slippery slope," "gender essentialism," "normalcy" or "family values," and "nationalism". We argue that the emergence of these specific critiques at this time is tied to their role as oppositional narratives that counter the rising prominence of religious Zionist feminism. We examine this case in light of local and global trends such as "anti-gender ideologies," thereby contributing to the burgeoning literature on the rise of illiberal cultural and political forces in Western countries and emphasizing the roles played by religious ideologies, leaders and discourses in shaping and legitimizing an anti-feminist backlash. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In general, consumers perceive others to pay more attention to them than is actually the case (i.e., the spotlight bias). The present research examines how the magnitude of this bias (i.e., the relative inaccuracy of these attention-related perceptions) can be influenced by the attention consumers receive after sharing content online. Specifically, when consumers receive more (less) attention after sharing content online, they experience increased (decreased) egocentrism. This, in turn, increases (decreases) the inaccuracy of their perceptions regarding the attention others pay to their subsequent offline behavior—i.e., it increases (decreases) the magnitude of their spotlight biases. This effect is moderated by both consumers' need for attention and their intensity of social media use. Thus, this research highlights how online feedback mechanisms can have a detrimental effect on consumers' ability to accurately perceive their offline social environments. It also contributes to theory by demonstrating the online-to-offline contagion of egocentrism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between ego-resiliency and the intensity of health behaviors among Polish health sciences students. Methods: The study involved 483 students from health-related faculties in southern Poland, consisting of 314 women (63.7%) and 179 men (36.3%). The average age of the participants was 21.7 ± 2.5 years. To assess resiliency (ER), the Ego-Resiliency Scale (ER89-R12) by Block and Kremen was used in its Polish adaptation. The intensity of health behaviors was examined using the Health Behavior Inventory (HBI) developed by Z. Juczyński. Results: The results revealed a positive correlation between the intensity of health behaviors and ER (r = 0.43, p < 0.001), both for the general factor and its categories (positive mental attitude, proper eating habits, preventive actions, and prohealth activities). Students with a high level of health behaviors exhibited significantly higher ER (M = 38.95, SD = 5.15) compared to those with average (M = 35.93, SD = 5.03) and low (M = 32.97, SD = 5.12) HBI levels. Among the HBI categories, Positive Mental Attitude showed the strongest correlation with both general ER and its factors: optimal regulation (OR) and openness to life experiences (OL). Furthermore, the correlation was found to be stronger with the OR and weaker with OL. Conclusion: Higher ER in students is correlated with a greater frequency of health behaviors. Nurturing the development of ER may contribute to the maintenance of prohealth practices despite life difficulties and temporary loss of motivation. This, in turn, promotes the regularity of health behaviors, which is crucial for their positive impact on overall health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper extends Being-centered and spiritual leadership theory using non-self from the Buddhist philosophy to further our understanding of how inner life functions as the source of spiritual leadership. While spiritual leadership theory has received widespread acceptance and considerable empirical support, its developmental process and potential for being used to pursue self-centered ends remain underdeveloped. Drawing on non-self from the Buddhist emptiness theory, we identify different egoistic forms of attachment at each level of being that can lead to forms of suffering in spiritual leadership. Then we show how leaders operating at lower levels of being can fall into the trap of practicing a form of pseudo-spiritual leadership that is overly focused on self-centered or instrumental purposes and economic rationality. We then introduce mechanisms to move beyond pseudo-spiritual leadership practices and discuss implications for future theory, research, and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Both Nietzsche and La Rochefoucauld rejected metaphysical principles, such as the Kantian moral imperatives, and adopted psychology as their first philosophy. In this article I explore their views of self-love and of the will to power as the first principles of human motivation. Although both thinkers reduce actions to egoistic motives, they define the human drives and passions differently. While Nietzsche criticizes La Rochefoucauld's view of a self-love-oriented intention as the principal cause of deeds, his interpretation is reductionist seeing that La Rochefoucauld also gives a quasi-expressivist account of deeds based on multiple drives. Unlike La Rochefoucauld, Nietzsche claims that there is no preexisting intention before or behind deeds, but rather that the doer expresses herself in and through her deeds. He laments that La Rochefoucauld's concept of self-love is overshadowed by Christianity and criticizes him for condemning secular virtues as postlapsarian vices in disguise. Egoism, for Nietzsche, is a drive that is ingrained in the psyche for self-elevation. By comparing and contrasting their views, I conclude that self-love for La Rochefoucauld is pure self-affirmation at the expense of other drives or other agents, while Nietzsche's notion of the will to power is a master-drive's organization of other drives in service of the grander project of the self, which at the same time allows the subordinate drives to express themselves and fulfill the functions proper to their own nature. This interpretation sheds light on the key concept of egoism and the will to power in Nietzsche's moral psychology, as well as on the first principles of human action in Nietzsche and La Rochefoucauld. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies have shown that intergroup conflict may result from two distinct human motives: the desire to obtain personal retributions from conflict (egoism), and the desire to sacrifice for the benefit of the ingroup (parochial altruism). Yet, the relative strength of these motives is open to debate. In this study, we compare behaviors in two Intergroup Prisoner's Dilemmas (IPD), which respectively capture altruistic and egoistic motives to generate conflict. Egoistic motives result in about 40% more conflict than altruistic motives. Yet, parochial altruism generates more conflict when three conditions are gathered: i) other ingroup members are parochial altruists, ii) the outgroup is aggressive and iii) the outgroup is rich. Implications regarding the diverging structural causes of terrorism and civil wars are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Past research has shown that rape myths can have damaging consequences for victims of sexual assault. This study investigated the predictive relationship of grandiose narcissism, psychopathic traits and rape myths acceptance with attitudes towards rape victims in the general population of Pakistan. The research employed a cross-sectional design and utilized a purposive sample of 416 participants with 178 males, 158 females and 80 non-binary individuals in the age range 18–68. It is pertinent to mention that non-binary individuals have only recently been added in research as a separate group especially with regard to the Pakistani culture. Therefore, little is known regarding their perspectives towards rape victims. G Power analysis was used for determining the sufficiency of the sample size. Data analysis was done using Pearson Product Moment Correlation, stepwise regression, MANOVA, and Moderated Mediation Analysis via SPSS 21.0. The findings showed that most positive attitudes towards rape victims were held by non-binary individuals followed by females with the attitudes of males being least favorable. Additionally, the results indicated that acceptance of rape myths, primary psychopathy, and grandiose narcissism had significant effects on attitudes towards rape victims, with the latter also showing a conditional indirect effect through primary psychopathy on the relationship between rape myths acceptance and attitudes towards rape victims. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we develop and test a theoretical model based on ego-depletion theory that shows how compulsory citizenship behavior may deplete employee resources. During this process, role stressors mediate the relationship between compulsory citizenship behavior and ego-depletion, while egoism accelerates the process. In this study, 254 effective samples were collected on three occasions from four companies in northeast China. To test our hypotheses, empirical analysis was performed with SPSS 26 and Mplus 8.3. Accordingly, our results indicate that compulsory citizenship behavior is positively related to ego-depletion and that this relationship is mediated by role stressors. Moreover, egoism exacerbates the impact of compulsory citizenship behavior on role stressors and ego-depletion. Finally, we conclude the study by discussing its theoretical and practical implications and some future research directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Post-anarchism poses a profound challenge to the fundamental tenets of traditional anarchism, particularly its veneration of science and reason, its overarching narrative of human emancipation, and its reliance on a sanguine conception of innate human goodness. However, this challenge inadvertently erodes the utopian aspirations inherent in traditional anarchism, leaving a conspicuous absence of a tangible alternative. Yet, a sense of utopia remains integral to the impetus for political engagement. This article seeks to address the implicit quandary of political engagement within post-anarchism by examining the works of Max Stirner through the lens of existentialism. By juxtaposing Stirner's notions of involuntary egoism, ownness, the un-man, and insurrection with the philosophical perspectives of Sartre, Camus, and De Beauvoir, we discover that, despite its anti-political inclination, post-anarchism finds solace in the tragic and ceaseless nomadic pursuit of societal amelioration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study examined the association between general low self-control (LSC) and its three subcomponents: risk taking, self-centeredness, and impulsivity and various bystander behaviors of cyberbullying. The study utilized a bifactor modeling approach and included a sample of 501 adolescents aged 14–18 years old. Participants' behaviors were measured using a self-reported questionnaire. General LSC was positively associated with the cyberbully-supporters' and passive bystanders' behaviors. Additionally, risk taking was positively associated with both the victim-defender's and cyberbully-supporter's behaviors, while self-centeredness was positively associated with both the passive bystander's and the cyberbully-supporter's behaviors. Furthermore, impulsivity was positively associated with the cyberbully-supporter's behaviors. We conclude that general LSC plays an important role in understanding the cyberbully-supporter's and passive bystander's behaviors in cyberspace. Furthermore, the analysis revealed that LSC subcomponents were also associated with the bystanders' behaviors above and beyond the associations between general LSC and these types of behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Agora (0211-6642) is the property of Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Servicio de Publicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Co-herencia is the property of Universidad EAFIT and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Consumer polarization leading to buycotts and boycotts was magnified by the global crisis of 2020–2021 which changed consumer priorities and business practices: in-person shopping decreased, while social distancing, remote work, and media consumption increased. In this context, we examined the relationships among egoism, empathy, and consumer interest in social topics. These topics included employee treatment, social justice, and the environment. We highlighted aligning Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) efforts with consumer values. Using a survey method and structural equation modeling, we found such efforts increased consumer buycott. In this research we addressed whether consumers were motivated by empathy or egoism to engage in buycotting during global crisis. Consumers reacted to a firm's adherence to health and safety guidelines, respect for human rights, and engaged in environmental protection. This study contributes to the literature on CSR and prosocial behavior. It examined the relationships among key consumer characteristics and corporate behavior in times of crisis and expands the existing literature on psychological factors that play a role in buycotting. The findings are applicable to policy makers, academic literature, and practice as it offers practical recommendations on how companies might consider realignment of CSR activities during crisis. It also suggests directions for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to identify the problems of implementing inter-regional cooperation from the widest possible autonomy perspective. This becomes important because cooperation between regions seems to run well shortly after policies in the form of laws and government regulations are enacted. However, in regional cooperation, many problems lurk and can lead to the failure of cooperation between regions. This research is legal research using a statute approach, a conceptual approach, and a historical approach. This research method and approach are appropriate to explain the problematic phenomenon of cooperation between regions in Indonesia based on Law No. 23 of 2014 concerning Regional Government. Based on the results of preliminary research, several problems arise in the implementation of regional cooperation, especially cooperation between regions, including the following: First, cooperation between regions whose object is related to income sharing often experiences difficulties in its implementation, especially in determining the amount of income/profits for each region; Second, the emergence of regional egoism, especially in the cooperation between the Parent Region and the regions resulting from the expansion; Third, the lack of data and information about the object of cooperation that has the potential to be better if implemented through cooperation between regions that are geographically close together; Fourth, the lack of initiation to carry out cooperation between regions due to the mindset of each region to deal with internal affairs only; and Fifth, no institution/agency specifically handles inter-regional cooperation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Artefactos: Revista de Estudios Sobre La Ciencia Y La Tecnologia is the property of Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Kırıkkale University Journal of Social Sciences is the property of Kirikkale University Journal of Social Science (KUJSS) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This contribution aims to understand whether it is possible to speak of a care relationship between a patient in ‘irreversible apneic coma’ and his relative, in order to demonstrate the illusory nature of the relationship, lacking the same prerequisites that characterize the care ethic: absence of reciprocity and the relative emotional and human enrichment of ‘giving’ for both. The conclusion will be reached that the emotional assistance of the relative towards the patient in brain death is dictated only by the personal selfishness of the former, convinced that the physical closeness to the loved one provides him with an emotional-psychological return to his personal advantage.

Purpose: The authors draw on this approach to explore the consequences of compassion and altruism in the workplace for firm performance, using organizational resilience as a mediating variable. Design/methodology/approach: In recent years, a paradigm shift has been proposed in the organizational sciences that includes a change from self-centeredness to interconnectedness. This emergent management paradigm considers that employees are not only motivated by self-interest but also by other-centered values, such as altruism and compassion for others. This alternative proposal suggests the need for a more humanistic perspective for management. To carry out the research, the authors applied a structural equation model to a sample of highly innovative companies from different sectors. Findings: The results confirm that compassion at work leads to a climate based on altruism, which indirectly increases firm performance by means of organizational resilience. This study contributes to the organizational literature by revealing some benefits of promoting altruism and compassion in organizations. Originality/value: This study therefore provides a detailed analysis of the consequences of altruism and compassion in organizations and reveals some organizational conditions that can drive firm performance. Moreover, this study is the first to suggest and empirically validate that a work climate based on altruism enhances organizational resilience. In turn, organizational resilience enables the firm to take appropriate actions to convert unexpected and adverse situations that potentially threaten its survival into sources of opportunity and growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractTechnological advancements and augmenting technologies foster competitiveness and improved performance for businesses, nations, and individuals. The potential of memory implants offers a competitive edge to individuals seeking higher performance levels. The present study investigates whether the trait of competitiveness predicts the intention to use memory implants and explores how moral equity, egoism, and utilitarianism moderate this relationship. A total of 402 digital native technology users from four countries participated in the study. The results revealed a significant positive relationship between competitiveness traits and the intention to use memory implants. Furthermore, this relationship is weaker for individuals scoring high on moral equity against memory implants but stronger for those scoring high on utilitarianism in favor of memory implants. Egoism did not influence this relationship. This research improves the understanding of how competitiveness traits and ethical judgments influence the acceptance of human–machine hybrid technologies, enhancing competence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Voluntary simplicity (VS) refers to a minimalistic lifestyle of conscious, ecological, and ethical consumption, which is conducive to individual, societal, and environmental well-being. For policymakers and business managers, a key to leveraging this consumer shift is to promote persuasive appeals effectively. This research theorizes that the two forms of VS appeals are systematically associated with distinct temporal landmarks. In particular, we demonstrate that consumers are more likely to engage in biospheric voluntary simplicity (BVS) when priming a temporal landmark as the start of a time period. In contrast, consumers are more likely to participate in egoistic voluntary simplicity (EVS) when priming a temporal landmark as the end of a time period. Notably, the matching effects are driven by distinct mechanisms, such that the effect of a match between a start temporal landmark and BVS appeals is driven by self-transcendence, whereas the effect of a match between an end temporal landmark and EVS appeals is motivated by self-enhancement. Beyond their substantive theoretical significance, our findings provide marketing campaigns with tools to enact strategies that support voluntary simplicity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]