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Despite advancement in technology and healthcare delivery, infectious diseases still ravage humanity, plants-based remedies still remain our major kick back against them. The phytochemical screening, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-hyperglycemic activities of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanolic extracts of Senecio abyssinicus leaves were investigated in this study, in line with SDG 3, 9 and 12 goals, following standard methods. The in vitro antioxidant properties were tested using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2ʹ-azinobis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonate) (ABTS·+) radical scavenging assays. Agar diffusion-pour plate methods was used to evaluate the antimicrobial activities of the extracts. The phytochemical evaluation of the extracts unveiled the presence of polyphenols, steroids, terpenoids, alkaloids, and cardiac glycosides. The methanol extracts showed varying degrees of antibacterial activity against the tested bacterial: Klebsiella pneumonia, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella typhi at concentrations between 6.25 – 200 mg/mL relative to Gentamycin. Furthermore, it showed significant activity on the tested fungal strains: Rhizopus stolons,, Aspergillus niger, Pneumonae notatum, and Candida albicans between 12.5 – 200 mg/mL, with regards to Tioconazole. The methanol extract had the greatest inhibitory effect (IC50, 26.59µg/mL) on α-glucosidase enzyme, with respect to Acarbose (IC50 11.31 µg/mL). Similarly, it showed low ABTS·+ and DPPH antioxidant activity (IC50 ˃50 µg/mL) when compared to the standard Trolox (IC50 5.91 µg/mL) and Ascorbic acid (IC50 12.24 µg/mL) respectively. These findings demonstrated that S. abyssinicus leaves exhibits moderate to significant antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antidiabetic activities. Thus, could be considered as a good source of antioxidant, hypoglycemic, and antimicrobial agents for good health and well-being.

The chemical constituents of weighed, air-dried leaf samples of a native Nigerian plant, Drynaria laurentii, were examined. The bioactivity of n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of the plants were tested against ten (10) strains of bacteria and fungi, and their antioxidant activities and antimicrobial properties were studied. Ethyl acetate extract of Drynaria laurentii leaves exhibited 2,2-diphenyl-1-hydrazine (DPPH) radical scavenging property with Inhibition Concentration at 50% (IC50) of 298.912 μg/mL while hexane and methanol extracts of the plant showed no significant antioxidant activity. From the antimicrobial study, the methanol extract of the plant inhibited the growth of all the test organisms at all concentrations while the n-hexane extract specifically inhibited the growth of the test bacteria at 200-25 mg/mL and have low inhibitory effects on all the test fungi. Meanwhile, the ethyl acetate extract inhibited the growth of all the test bacteria from a range of 200–12.5 mg/mL and all the test fungi at the range 200-25 mg/mL. However, some bacteria (6.25 mg/mL) and fungi (12.5-6.25 mg/mL) displayed resistance to the ethyl acetate extract of the plant. The Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) characterisation of n-hexane leaf extract of D. laurentii afforded nineteen (19) compounds with heptadecanal constituting 15.64% as the most abundant constituent of the extract. Ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of the plant afforded eighteen (18) and seventeen (17) compounds with γ-sitosterol (14.34%) and clionasterol (15.32%) as the abundant constituents in both extracts respectively.

Porphyrin-Phthalocyanine nanorods had been formed by electrostatic self-assembly of two oppositely charged complexes. The negatively charged complex was meso-tetra-4-phenylsulfonated porphyrin (H2TPPS44) and the two positively charged complex were tin and indium complexes of tetra {2,(3)-(2-mercaptopyridine) phthalocyaninato}(MTSPyPc). The transmission electron microscope (TEM) images of the colloid suspensionof the aggregate confirmed formation of nanorods while their electron spectra showed that the molecules formed J-aggregation.Keywords: Porphyrin, Phthalocyanine, Nanorods, Electronic Spectra, Aggregates.

Mixed metal oxides of titanium and zinc nanocomposites were prepared through sol-gel method under hydrothermal condition using titanium oxy-(1, 2 - pentadione) and zinc acetate without hazardous additives. The resulting composites were characterized by X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and the optical property was determined from the ultraviolet/visible spectrum. The reactions were performed at 90OC and 180OC at different time intervals, in order to determine optimal condition for the formation of the nanoparticles.Keywords: Nanocomposites, Titanium dioxide, Zinc oxide, Particle sizes, Optical property, X-Ray Diffraction.