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Purpose: Experiential learning is crucial in education, as it offers hands-on, practical experiences that enable individuals to develop their skills and knowledge more engagingly and interactively. In recent years, experiential learning has become a significant aspect of education. To provide academic scholars with a thorough roadmap for further investigation, this study aims to provide useful insights into the bibliometric and content analysis of experiential learning, including keywords, well-known authors, publications, nations and topics. Design/methodology/approach: This research does a rigorous bibliometric analysis to give a thorough and visually instructional assessment of the evolution and advancement of the literature on experiential learning. Its fast development between 1976 and 2022 is meticulously tracked in the research. By using VOSviewer and Biblioshiny tools, the present study presents a concise overview of 507 records retrieved from the Scopus database using the keyword "Experiential Learning", following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis protocol. Deeper text mining was done using Python libraries "Pandas" and "Natural Language Toolkit" and regular expressions. Findings: The findings reveal a surge in the number of publications on experiential learning and provide insights, particularly using the theory, context, characteristics, methodology analysis, supporting researchers and practitioners to understand learning better and provide perspectives for future research. Descriptive bibliometric analysis showed that most contributions are from the USA, the UK and Canada. In-depth content analysis revealed five clusters: developments in learning, management education, engineering curricula, organisational learning and knowledge management and entrepreneurship education. The keyword co-occurrence analysis enabled linkages between relevant fields of study and significant research domains. The most commonly used theories were: experiential learning theory, social learning theory, relational coordination theory, empowerment theory, feedback learning theory, effectuation theory and human capital theory. Originality/value: This study uses information from the Scopus database to do a bibliometric analysis of experiential learning from 1976 to 2022. This study serves as a valuable resource for researchers in the field, helping them to position their work more explicitly within the existing literature and highlighting potential areas for future research. It does this by thoroughly analysing the literature on experiential learning using bibliometrics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lean startup, effectuation, creation theory, and the theory-based view represent four different descriptive theories of how new ventures emerge and/or normative theories of how new ventures should be developed. We juxtapose the four approaches and describe their similarities and differences, which provides a foundation for considering complementarities among the approaches and constructing a future research agenda for additional reconciliation and contextualization regarding how successful new ventures are, or should be, developed under varying circumstances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, there is increasing interest in building theories that offer actionable guidance to the practice of entrepreneurship. Here I present a general theoretical framework, called CAVE, for understanding, assessing, and enhancing existing tools that offer such guidance. The framework encompasses a two-dimensional space with prediction and control as its axes. The CAVE framework accommodates a wide variety of extant practical tools as well as relevant concepts from psychology and economics. Specifically, I compare and contrast effectuation with lean startup within this framework. Whereas lean startup centers around hypothesis testing, effectuation focuses on cocreative commitments from self-selecting stakeholders. In other words, the former takes markets as exogenous, while the latter explicates how they can be made endogenous and why that matters. More generally, I show how these differences connect with and delineate the scientific method from the entrepreneurial method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to discuss the relationships between knowledge search and innovation legitimacy and the moderation of promotion- and prevention-focused effectuation principles. Grounded in knowledge-based view (KBV) and effectuation theory, hierarchical multiple regression is employed to test the theoretical model on the basis of survey data of 212 technology firms in China. Findings reveal that exploitative knowledge search has a positive effect on innovation legitimacy, whereas exploratory knowledge search has a negative effect on innovation legitimacy. Moreover, prevention-focused effectuation principles strengthen the relationship between exploitative knowledge search and innovation legitimacy but weaken the relationship between exploratory knowledge search and innovation legitimacy. The moderating effects of promotion-focused effectuation principles are the opposite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Brazilian Business Law Journal / Administração de Empresas em Revista is the property of Administracao de Empresas em Revista and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Using the lenses of internationalization process theory and of effectuation theory, this study investigates how small and medium enterprises (SMEs) implement backshoring initiatives. A qualitative multiple case study is developed involving six SMEs that have relocated from China back to their respective home countries. The analysis illuminates SMEs' perspectives on the uncertainty perceived when returning to the home country and on how SMEs dynamically manage their domestic commitment and network of relations. The study also sheds light on the different alternative approaches they employ during different phases of the backshoring process and on the outcomes of these initiatives. Notably, the study demonstrates that the conceptual frameworks commonly employed in the literature to explain internationalization can effectively be extended to the domain of backshoring. Successful backshoring for SMEs hinges on their accurate perception of domestic uncertainty and their dynamic utilization of both planning and effectuation implementation strategies. Conversely, the failure of backshoring initiatives can be traced back to SMEs' misperception of their position within the domestic business network, a cognitive bias that can lead to suboptimal decisions and outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Uncertainty is a common challenge in managerial decision-making, especially when it comes to predicting future states, establishing cause-effect relationships, and having knowledge about relevant variables. However, it is difficult to deliberately address different types of uncertainty by applying specific decision-making strategies and hence enable reduction of uncertainty due to overlapping definitions and conflicting operationalization of the uncertainty construct. Purpose: The paper aims to delineate types of uncertainty along their epistemological configurations in terms of specific knowledge contexts to enable choices of suitable strategies for specific decision-making situations. Study design/methodology/approach: A literature review revises and discusses concepts of (un)certainty based on (im)perfect information and objectively/subjectively available assemblages of knowledge. Findings/conclusions: The paper provides a framework that encompasses and differentiates configurations of available information and knowledge applicable to decision-making situations. In order to achieve construct clarity and to free the original concept of uncertainty from conflicting definitions and heterogeneous operationalizations, the umbrella term contingency is introduced. It encompasses all states of (im)perfect information and variations in their epistemological configurations. Finally, the presented epistemological framework delineates levels of contingency along specific qualities of available information. The identified and discussed levels of contingency are certainty, risk, uncertainty in the narrow sense (i.n.s.), complexity, ambiguity/equivocality, and isotropy/radical uncertainty. The delineated levels of contingency help to tailor decision-making situation to specific epistemological configurations and hence may serve as a starting point for concluding and developing appropriate strategies to reduce contingency. Limitations/future research: A holistic understanding how to deal with and solve contingency requires further research focusing on aligning levels of contingency with strategies for decision-making (algorithms, causation, effectuation, bricolage, improvisation, trial & error) by taking types of knowledge (structural, procedural, conceptual) and contextual factors (e. g. time, [origin of] resources) into account. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Entrepreneurs have to price their innovations under the unpredictability of customers' reactions. While predictive pricing methods are prevalent in business-to-business pricing literature, we argue for the critical importance of control-oriented pricing strategies for digital services. By applying effectuation theory, our study investigates how entrepreneurs co-create their pricing strategies for their digital services as a co-evolutionary, iterative process with their customers. We found that pricing is the co-evolutionary process where entrepreneurs learn from their interactions with customers and use this knowledge to develop and improve their pricing practices further. The findings contribute to behavioural pricing literature by explaining pricing strategy formation as a co-creative process that focuses on interactions rather than predictive actions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the concept of the Medici effect, which highlights the importance of collaboration and the sharing of diverse perspectives and experiences in promoting innovation. It provides historical examples, such as the Renaissance and the development of the aqueduct system, to illustrate how innovation can flourish when ideas from different disciplines intersect. The article also explores the application of interdisciplinary thinking in entrepreneurship research and suggests areas for further exploration, including strategic leadership, platform ecosystems, new product development, and innovation in family businesses. The authors encourage scholars to embrace the Medici effect and contribute to the field of entrepreneurship through multidisciplinary approaches. [Extracted from the article]

Effectuation research suggests that effectuation is most appropriate in pure uncertain conditions. However, effectuation research is unclear about how decision-makers respond to varying levels of perceived uncertainty. Behavioral decision-making research suggests that as uncertainty increases, decision-makers may attempt to protect the status quo rather than engage in new opportunities. The present study combines these thoughts to derive a curvilinear relationship between uncertainty and effectuation, providing a more realistic picture of decision-making logic applied by entrepreneurs of small businesses. We also argue that the curvilinear relationship is moderated by the entrepreneurial orientation (EO) of the firm. We find, based on data from four samples of 990 entrepreneurs in three emerging economies,support for the curvilinear relationship and the negative moderating effect of EO. Our findings contribute to effectuation theory by extending its theoretical boundaries to include a spectrum of uncertainty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to discover how artificial intelligence adoption in notion (AI) plays a role in digital innovation using the theoretical foundation of diffusion of innovations and effectuation theories. The current research also investigates the moderating role of other edge Internet of Things (IoT) and the mediating role of adaptive resilience. The data collection is performed using a survey conducted among employees of family-owned SMEs. The findings reveal that AI forecasts digital innovation through adaptive resilience. The results also confirm the moderating role of threat to IoT edge and the mediating role of adaptive resilience, but moderated mediating is not supported. We conclude that family-owned SMEs intend to adopt AI, but SMEs face challenges using IoT edge. This study has implications for family firms specifically and technology adopters in general.

This study aims to examine the impact of entrepreneurship education and creativity on students' entrepreneurial intention through the perspective of Effectuation Theory and Cognitive Flexibility Theory. The research used a quantitative approach to analyze structural equation modeling (SEM) and Partial Least Square (PLS). Respondents were drawn from 100 university students in Subang Regency, Indonesia, through an online questionnaire. The findings of this study showed positive and significant evidence between entrepreneurship education, creativity, and students' entrepreneurial intention. Through the Effectuation and Cognitive Flexibility Theory principles, students could develop the entrepreneurial attitude, adaptability, and creative thinking necessary to run their own businesses. Entrepreneurship education helps them understand business opportunities, utilize existing resources, and cope with uncertainty.

This research draws on effectuation theory and service dominant logic to develop the concept of effectual selling. Effectual selling is focused on resource integration, stakeholder interaction, and value co-creation under environmental uncertainty. The effectual selling perspective developed here is consistent with the emerging service ecosystem view. As such, it is holistic and dynamic. Broadly, this investigation represents the longstanding and continuous effort to understand and articulate the important and evolving role of the salesperson. Several testable propositions are developed to facilitate further study of effectual selling behavior. Guided by the motivation, opportunity, ability (MOA) framework, the propositions suggest different salesperson characteristics, sales manager leader behaviors, and firm-level characteristics that will drive effectual selling behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to discover how artificial intelligence adoption in notion (AI) plays a role in digital innovation using the theoretical foundation of diffusion of innovations and effectuation theories. The current research also investigates the moderating role of other edge Internet of Things (IoT) and the mediating role of adaptive resilience. The data collection is performed using a survey conducted among employees of family-owned SMEs. The findings reveal that AI forecasts digital innovation through adaptive resilience. The results also confirm the moderating role of threat to IoT edge and the mediating role of adaptive resilience, but moderated mediating is not supported. We conclude that family-owned SMEs intend to adopt AI, but SMEs face challenges using IoT edge. This study has implications for family firms specifically and technology adopters in general. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Given the effervescent nature of external dynamic exasperations (EDEs) and uncertainties, this article enterprise application architecture (EAA) evaluates the probable effect on actual adoption of enterprise application architecture for supply chain management (SCM). Actual adoption (AA) of EAA is a major need for small and medium, hence the legal frameworks are there to ensure compliance on complex legal and regulatory constraints, a lack of external financing, low technological capacity, relative advantage, hardware systems and software systems compatibility. Objective: The central objective of this article is to establish whether EDEs affect the AA of EAA for SCM in SMEs, as well as supply chain success factors with five models used to identify the statistics gaps, which could be constructive for descriptive and correlational research studies. Method: A quantitative approach under correlational research is considered to investigate the relationships between variables without interventions and manipulations from the researcher. Results: To increase the reliability of measures, each variable was tested for data reliability and validity through Cronbach’s alpha and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, chronologically. The results indicate that EDEs have a direct impact on the AA of EAA as encrypted in Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Pearson’s coefficient and linear regression. Conclusion: The study revealed that EDEs have positive impact on the AA of EAA. Contribution: Consequently, this study makes a prominent contribution to research on the benefits of AA of EAA by signifying the effectuation theory by maintaining control on possibilities with foreseeable outcomes; then EDEs will be history.

Copyright of Revista da Micro e Pequena Empresa is the property of Faculdade Campo Limpo Paulista and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The present paper came into existence with the specific purpose of providing an optimized process that enables making resilient decisions in an uncertain context, and here our interest is particularly focused on the activity of new venture creation and on the entrepreneurial decision-making logic, in particular, effectuation theory. Within this framework, the rational resilience-based decision-making model (R2DM) is introduced. The relevant steps of this model are: (1) The identification of the problem and the available options. In this instance, the studied situation is the effectual customer co-creation case, and the available alternatives are planning, visionary, adaptative and transforming approaches, (2) The definition of the selection criteria that should be used to evaluate the available alternatives. In our case, these criteria are the six principles of entrepreneurial resilience, which are set out in detail, (3) The choice of the methodology to be followed in assessing the available options. To that end, three interconnected methods, based mainly on logical thinking and reasoning, are proposed. They are respectively devoted to Entrepreneurial resilience (ER) calculation, options classification using logistic regression algorithm, and the determination of the most resilient route to reach objectives employing graph theory. The obtained results are compared to what is advocated in the literature and conclusions are made. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The cross-sector partnership (CSP) is an increasingly more frequently and widely described phenomenon presented in various areas and perspectives. This variety of approaches causes conceptual chaos, so it is worth creating a systematic review of scientific theories that categorize this phenomenon. This paper aims to synthesize knowledge about theories to describe CSP and to show their location in management sciences. Design/methodology/approach: The article uses a systematic literature review based on the SCOPUS literature database. As a result of the terms and synonyms search, 8317 articles regarding the concept of CSP have been identified. After applying specific search restrictions, e.g., article type, year of publication, business, management, accounting, etc., 392 articles were identified. The above considerations indicate a significant, disordered research gap in this area. After reviewing the content, 194 referred to the CSP. After reviewing the content, 194 articles referred to the CSP, while the analysis of abstracts of mentioned 392 articles brought 194 which were strictly related to the CSP Then, in the course of the above analysis, the author noticed that 36 items in the database reference to scientific trends, of which 34 articles are widely available after analyzing the content of 34 available after analysing their content relating to the location of CSP within the selected theories. There is no clear indication of which theories describing the CSP phenomenon are the broadest and the most reliable, complete, appropriate, etc. Findings: This article identifies the following conclusions. All authors in the analyzed articles agree that there is no one "universal" theory describing CSP. The next conclusion is most of the "applied" theories through the prism, which described the phenomenon, are in scope of the management science (MS) (28 articles out of 34 analysed) The most common theories cited by the authors are Resource based view theory, Agency theory, Resource-Based theory, Institutional theory, Effectuation theory, and Value Creation Theory. In the author's opinion, the scientific achievements in this area should be constantly monitored, as this may facilitate the description of the CSP phenomenon. Originality/value: A systematic review of the literature and analysis of its content enabled the creation of a scientific trends review, using the phenomenon of CSP included. Moreover, the most common scientific trends are distinguished, and efforts have been made to consolidate these approaches in management sciences. These activities will probably allow the researchers to direct the perspectives of perceiving CSP phenomenon. They could also qualify for the identification/definition of one's approach, as well as organize/categorize the conceptual chaos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper redefines hybrid practice as a form of creative institutional design rooted in the problems of dealing with multiple forms of value, an area in which the arts offer pioneering cases for general theory-building around external amalgamation of existing legal forms, internal design within hybrid legal forms, and field-building across communities and economic systems. Informed by, but distinct from, implicitly neoliberal and social-impact literatures on institutional entrepreneurship, hybridity, and agency, this framework extends theories of effectuation to argue for a view of arts entrepreneurship as a laboratory for complex problem-solving both within and well beyond the arts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research on international entrepreneurship has studied entrepreneurial orientation's influence on the international performance of small and medium-sized firms (SMEs), but scholars need to learn more about the mechanisms that allow a firm to translate its entrepreneurial orientation into new opportunities to enter foreign markets. In this study, we employ effectuation theory to investigate this association and to enhance the understanding of international opportunity development by resource-poor SMEs. Our analysis of 164 SMEs in New Zealand supported the mediating role of effectual and causal decision-making logics in the association between entrepreneurial orientation and international opportunity. Our study contributes to the literature on international entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial orientation and helps SMEs to successfully translate their entrepreneurial orientation to foreign market entries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to examine the entrepreneurial logic of mumpreneurs in the light of effectuation theory and to analyse their entrepreneurial motivation. The research is based on qualitative data from five mumpreneurs and semi-structured interviews. The data were analysed using thematic analysis. The results show that mumpreneurs are motivated by several factors such as dissatisfaction, motherhood, independence and the need to improve their financial situation. As a result of the multiple constraints faced by mumpreneurs, the five principles of effectuation emerge as an inherent mode of operation. This study provides valuable information on how effectuation theory can be used to describe the way in which mumpreneurs, depending on their situation, create new businesses to improve their situation and better develop personally and professionally in their lives as mothers and entrepreneurs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cross-border e-commerce can enable smaller firms to quickly reach many foreign markets. This article examines how effectual market creation affects the international performance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) engaged in cross-border e-commerce. Building upon effectuation theory, we suggest that firms can drive foreign market demand by creating new ways to interact and engage with customers in the digital space. Analysing a sample of 99 Swedish e-commerce SMEs, we find that effectual market creation has a positive effect on their international performance. We also find that this positive effect is enabled by insidership in international markets, illustrated by activities related to international marketing analytics and international networking. Through these findings, we contribute to theory development on the internationalisation of small digital firms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Given the effervescent nature of external dynamic exasperations (EDEs) and uncertainties, this article enterprise application architecture (EAA) evaluates the probable effect on actual adoption of enterprise application architecture for supply chain management (SCM). Actual adoption (AA) of EAA is a major need for small and medium, hence the legal frameworks are there to ensure compliance on complex legal and regulatory constraints, a lack of external financing, low technological capacity, relative advantage, hardware systems and software systems compatibility. Objective: The central objective of this article is to establish whether EDEs affect the AA of EAA for SCM in SMEs, as well as supply chain success factors with five models used to identify the statistics gaps, which could be constructive for descriptive and correlational research studies. Method: A quantitative approach under correlational research is considered to investigate the relationships between variables without interventions and manipulations from the researcher. Results: To increase the reliability of measures, each variable was tested for data reliability and validity through Cronbach's alpha and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, chronologically. The results indicate that EDEs have a direct impact on the AA of EAA as encrypted in Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Pearson's coefficient and linear regression. Conclusion: The study revealed that EDEs have positive impact on the AA of EAA. Contribution: Consequently, this study makes a prominent contribution to research on the benefits of AA of EAA by signifying the effectuation theory by maintaining control on possibilities with foreseeable outcomes; then EDEs will be history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ekonomia XXI Wieku is the property of Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wroclawiu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study elaborates the concept of green effectuation orientations (GEOs) to enhance the environmental performance of entrepreneurial SMEs based in the Jiangsu province of China. For this purpose, we collected the data from 328 employees of entrepreneurial SMEs via a survey and analyzed it through SEM. We evaluated the GEO concept on mindset and action-based views to operationalize the construct with all subdimensions fully. Our study illustrates some unexplored domains of entrepreneurship research and comes up with the findings that (GEOs) are positively correlated with environmental performance (EP), green innovation performance (GIP), and environmental management initiatives (EMI). Additionally, the findings of this research also unveil that EMI and GIP pave the way for EP, as both mediate the relationship between GEO and EP. Last but not the least, this research study also explained the effective mechanism through which CSR commitment as a moderator can affect the relationship between GEO and EP. The findings of this study expand the spheres of effectuation theory and come up with several exciting theoretical and managerial implications. Besides, it is the first of its kind to demonstrate that GEO could enhance GIP, EMI, and EP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Effectuation is a theory of entrepreneurial expertise and decision-making. Effectual logic (EL) has been identified as an organizational creation process or strategy that is thought to be used by expert entrepreneurs when creating their new organizations. Sarasvathy spells out four principles that form the core of the theory of effectuation: (1) Affordable loss rather than expected returns. (2) Strategic alliances rather than competitive analyses. (3) Exploitation of contingencies rather than exploitation of preexisting knowledge. (4) Controlling an unpredictable future rather than predicting an uncertain one. The authors propose that these principles can be emulated during the product development process by mature firms to create transformative product innovations. Thus, mature firms that employ a strong resource orientation and utilize cross-functional teams on a portfolio of R&D projects while becoming proficient in prototyping done early, rapidly, and repetitiously can emulate EL and more probably be able to create transformative product innovations. Moreover, rather than working individually, the emulating techniques act synergistically to emulate the EL process used by entrepreneurs and to thereby increase the likelihood of successful transformative product innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study builds on the effectuation theory to explain the mechanism that enables and mobilizes embedded means in the process of new venture co-creation in a small community to provide a foundation for the accumulation integration of resources. Effectuation theory enables us to illustrate the context of entrepreneurial cognition and actions at community level. Using rich qualitative data from homestay entrepreneurs in a rural Malaysian community, the findings reveal how trust transforms embedded means, such as a hierarchical collective sense of community and an authentic culture, transform into resources and interact with other resources, such as capital and expertise, in the venture creation process. The study contributes to community-level entrepreneurship research by applying effectuation theory to illustrate the social construction of new venture at the level of community. It also contributes to effectuation theory knowledge by applying it at a community level and extending the key concept of trust as a mechanism that transforms intangible means into new resources. Based on the finding, three testable propositions were proposed for future scholarly research and provide implications for the practitioners and policy makers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the sustainable food entrepreneurship framework (SFEF). It aims to further the understanding of the role of entrepreneurship in the sustainability transition of the food system, especially in the context of food system re-localization. The framework conceptualizes sustainable food entrepreneurship as a cyclical ongoing process of change. We argue this enables transcending the behaviour of entrepreneurs and their enterprises and map the ongoing development they fit into. The framework is based on literature reviews and expert interviews in the Dutch city-region of Almere–Flevoland. Theoretically, it expands on effectuation and bricolage theory, i.e. the 'resourcefulness perspective', that centres the socio-material context in the entrepreneurial process. The framework assumes the uncertainty of sustainability incites a cyclical process of change and implores entrepreneurs to reflect on the past before imagining the future. These imagined futures must be fitted to the socio-material context before emerging as artefacts (e.g. products, services or firms), which incites new uncertainties and a new cycle of change. Our framework has implications for policy and science. Its temporal dimension, that accentuates the continuous change entrepreneurship spurs, incites a reevaluation of terms such as 'success' and 'failure'. Moreover, it stresses the importance of intermediary actors in facilitating entrepreneurship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Entrepreneurial passion lies at the foundation of the business development process, yet the available evidence is ambiguous regarding its effects on firm performance. In this study, we examine the entrepreneurial passion puzzle by looking into decision-making mechanisms underlying its potential to increase business performance outcomes. Based on the literature on passion and effectuation theory, we link harmonious passion to firm performance through effectual behavioral logic. Design/methodology/approach: To empirically test the theoretical model, we performed bootstrapping-based mediation, ordinary least squares moderated regression and moderated mediation analysis based on survey data collected from 105 executives of US firms. Findings: We found that harmonious passion indirectly increases firm performance through effectuation. The direct link between harmonious passion and firm performance is insignificant. Moreover, the proposed mediation model is strengthened when the executives attain high levels of entrepreneurial experience. Research limitations/implications: This study is not without limitations. First, a cross-sectional data set was adopted as the empirical setting of our research. Hence, further studies could benefit from applying longitudinal research designs. Second, a self-reported survey was utilized to measure firm performance. Although such operationalization is widely accepted in management and entrepreneurship studies, objective measures can produce additional insights into focal relationships. Practical implications: This study provides practical implications for educators, consultants and managers. First, educators should encourage harmonious passion and teach effectual decision-making through various educational programs. Consultants and business practitioners should take similar orientations when organizing training for employees and executives. Finally, managers need to comprehend the motivational types of their employees and promote harmonious passion through appraisal systems and organizational culture. Originality/value: This research uncovers a mechanism and a boundary condition on the relationship between harmonious passion and performance. The results show the critical moderating role of human capital and the mediating role of effectual decision-making on the passion and performance relationship. The current study contributes to the passion literature by providing a more nuanced understanding of the dynamics between entrepreneurial passion and firm performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This conceptual paper provides a theoretical perspective on tourism that goes beyond merely acknowledging the fact that tourism organizations have to take into account multiple actors. It contributes to the tourism literature by (1) conceptualizing ecosystems in such a way that it embraces the complexity inherent in tourism ecosystems and enabling a truly holistic perspective on tourism and (2) describing the organizational capabilities that are needed for dealing with this complexity. Four distinct but interrelated capabilities are distinguished: mapping the ecosystem, dealing with tension, involving the ecosystem, and effectuating the ecosystem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The integrated correlations of ethical leadership, environmental innovation, sustainable performance, and entrepreneurial bricolage were examined using the upper echelons and effectuation theories. The research utilised data from 223 manufacturing firms in north-eastern China, which indicated a 74.33 per cent response rate. The partial least square structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) analysis exposed the significant positive impact of ethical leadership on environmental innovation and of the latter on sustainable performance. Furthermore, the current findings support the significant indirect effect of ethical leadership on sustainable performance through environmental innovation. The empirical results suggest an amplified impact of ethical leadership on environmental innovation, suggesting increasing bricolage values. Accordingly, the implications and limitations of the present study are elucidated in the final section of this article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista da Micro e Pequena Empresa is the property of Faculdade Campo Limpo Paulista and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: This paper aims to investigate the mediating role of founders/managers' logic of control in transforming experiential knowledge and human capital into successful international performance of small- and medium-sized enterprises. Design/methodology/approach: Using a quantitative methodology, this study used hierarchical regression analysis to test the hypotheses. Findings: Drawing upon effectuation theory, the study proposed and found empirical evidence for the logic of control as an important mechanism that transforms experiential knowledge and human capital into international performance. Originality/value: This study contributes to the international entrepreneurship (IE) research by investigating how the application of logic of control by SME founders/managers enables them to make use of their experiential knowledge and human capital as important intangible means to achieve successful international performance. The study tested the model in New Zealand wherein SMEs play a central role in economic development and depend heavily on international markets for survival and growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores accelerated internationalization among inexperienced digital entrepreneurs who lack resources such as prior experience, knowledge, and networks, which previous research regards as prerequisites for such growth. Following an in-depth qualitative research methodology, the findings reveal three theoretical mechanisms through which inexperienced entrepreneurs can make international commitment decisions with regard to the internationalization of their digital firms. The first is a novel mindset-based approach through which an entrepreneur can make an affective commitment to the international stakeholders within a digital community. Entrepreneurs do that by applying pull-based tools in digital communication to build interest among potential network contacts. The second mechanism is a means-based approach following effectuation logic resulting in an effectual form of commitment to international stakeholders in the digital community. The mechanism relies on applying push-based tools for digital communication to facilitate interactions with known network contacts. The third mechanism is continuance commitment to international business that entrepreneurs can foster over time in tandem with accumulated international experiential knowledge. This research provides an entrepreneurial decision-making model that extends effectuation theory and integrates it with extant research. The resulting holistic entrepreneurial decision-making model explains the accelerated internationalization of digital firms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article conducts an in-depth investigation of International Opportunity Recognition in a Born Digital Start-up based on how entrepreneurs' decisions drive the new firm's internationalization behaviour and explores the role of digital capabilities possessed by the entrepreneurs. Accordingly, the aim of this research is to enhance our understanding of entrepreneurs' digital capabilities and their decision-making logic regarding internationalization within a Born Digital Start-up using effectuation as a theoretical approach. A qualitative and interpretive method is used for this purpose in a single case setting. The primary data collection method was in-depth interviews conducted with two of the founders of the case company and two members of their management team. Moreover, an inductive analysis was applied. In doing so, this study offers novel and significant perspectives for the fields of Digital and International Entrepreneurship, as well as from the lens of effectuation theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A letter to the editor is presented in response commentary featured in the issue on the authors' article "Effectuation as Ineffectual? Applying the 3E Theory-Assessment Framework to a Proposed New Theory of Entrepreneurship" in volume 40 of the periodical.

A letter to the editor is presented in response to the article "Effectuation as Ineffectual? Applying the 3E Theory-Assessment Framework to a Proposed New Theory of Entrepreneurship" by R.J. Arend, H. Sarooghi, and A. Burkemper in volume 40 of the periodical.