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Background COVID-19 has negatively impacted the mental health of frontline health care workers, including pharmacists. Objective(s) The aim of this longitudinal study was to assess the psychological impact of the COVID-19 outbreak in French owner community pharmacists. Methods We carried out a postal-based survey to assess the psychological difficulties of the COVID-19 outbreak in French owner community pharmacists based on three psychologically validated self-report questionnaires: Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Impact of Event Scale-revised (IES-R) and Maslach Burnout Inventory. The baseline assessment was during the first sanitary lockdown period and the second one 5 months later. Results The sample consists of 135 owner community pharmacists. At follow-up, 67 answered the questionnaires (response rate: 49.6%). The mean scores of the PSS and IES-R significantly decreased (p=0.002). Fifteen pharmacists reported significant posttraumatic stress symptoms (23.1%) at baseline and eleven at follow-up (16.4%, p=0.02). Age and sex were not significantly associated with persistent posttraumatic stress or burnout symptoms. Conclusion This is the first longitudinal study that showed the psychological impact of owner community pharmacists as health care workers dealing with their community's COVID-19 outbreak. Based on validated self-report questionnaires, stress, posttraumatic stress and burnout symptoms decreased during follow-up. It is necessary to continue monitoring psychological difficulties for health care workers, especially during consecutive waves of the COVID-19 outbreak.

Highlights • U.S. neurosurgery residents report moderate burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic. • Neurosurgery residents report uncertainty about future healthcare reform & earnings. • The COVID-19 pandemic may impair residents’ achievement of surgical milestones. • Burnout is associated with altered rotation or vacation schedules and lower PGY. • Career satisfaction is associated with delivery of neurosurgical patient care., The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has posed significant changes to resident education and workflow. However, the impact of the pandemic on U.S. neurosurgery residents has not been well characterized. We investigated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on U.S. neurosurgery resident workflow, burnout, and career satisfaction. In 2020, a survey evaluating factors related to career satisfaction and burnout was emailed to 1,374 American Association of Neurological Surgeons (AANS) residents. Bivariate and multivariate (logistic) analyses were performed to characterize predictors of burnout and career satisfaction. 167 survey responses were received, with a response rate (12.2%) comparable to that of similar studies. Exclusion of incomplete responses yielded 111 complete responses. Most respondents were male (65.8%) and White (75.7%). Residents reported fewer work hours (67.6%) and concern that COVID-19 would impair their achievement of surgical milestones (65.8%). Burnout was identified in 29 (26.1%) respondents and career satisfaction in 82 (73.9%) respondents. In multivariate analysis, burnout was significantly associated with alterations in elective rotation/vacation schedules (p = .013) and the decision to not pursue neurosurgery again if given the choice (p

Background Burnout syndrome (BS) is a common condition among medical professionals. It is composed of 3 different subdimensions: emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DP), and reduced personal accomplishment (PA). In the last years, interest in BS in the neurosurgical community has increased. Here we investigated burnout among neurosurgeons and residents in neurosurgery. Methods A systematic review with meta-analysis was performed following PRISMA guidelines. A search of bibliographic databases was conducted from study inception to February 2020. A total of 16,377 studies were found. Six articles were included in our final analysis. Their references were checked for additional studies, but none were found. Results From the initial 16,377 studies identified, only 6 met our inclusion criteria. These studies included a total of 3310 physicians. The general prevalence of BS was 48%. The prevalence in neurosurgeons was 51.1%, higher than that recorded in neurosurgical residents (45.4%). Regarding subdimensions, personal accomplishment seemed to be the most influential factor for burnout development among neurosurgeons (42.57%) and residents (51.56%) alike. Conclusions Neurosurgery is a rewarding career choice, but numerous challenges and stressors can lead to lower levels of satisfaction and dangerously increased levels of burnout. We hope that our results will generate discussion, raise awareness, stimulate further studies, and lead to programs designed to mitigate excessive stress and burnout in neurosurgeons.

Objective To assess the effect of a faculty development program (Mentoring and Professionalism in Training [MAP-IT]) that fosters humanism in medicine on elements of burnout and the development of resilience. Participants and Methods The cohort of participants was drawn from a cross-section of disciplines and represented a diverse group of health professionals, including physicians, nurses, physician assistants, pharmacists, psychologists, social workers, and chaplains. The 106 participants were divided into 12 groups, each of which was facilitated by two or three leaders. Each group completed the MAP-IT curriculum from October 1, 2017, through July 31, 2018. All participants and leaders completed the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (assessing emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment) before and after completion of the program. Results The participants’ scores for emotional exhaustion and depersonalization remained unchanged following the completion of the MAP-IT curriculum. However, their scores for personal accomplishment and resilience increased significantly and approximated those of the leaders. Conclusion The MAP-IT program has shown effectiveness both in fostering resilience and a sense of personal accomplishment. The time is ripe for institutional programming to create and foster the personal tools needed to prevent burnout and its sequelae.

Burnout syndrome (BO) may be increased during periods of high work and emotional stress, as occurred in the 2019 coronavirus disease pandemic (COVID-19). Resident physicians appear to be more exposed due to the higher workload, prolonged exposure and the first contact with patients. To compare the incidence of burnout syndrome before and during the COVID 19 pandemic in cardiology residents. A prospective study was carried out. The Maslach questionnaire was implemented in cardiology residents of an institution of the City of Buenos Aires, in the month of September 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic and the results were compared with those prospectively collected in the same population during September of 2019. The survey was anonymous. The questionnaire was responded by 39 residents (2019: 16; 2020: 23). Burnout was observed in 30% (n = 7) in 2019, and in 39% (9%) residents during the COVID-19 pandemic (P= 0.77). The median score for emotional exhaustion was 38 (IQR 29-43) for the 2020s group, and 34 (IQR 27-42) for the 2019 (P = 0.32). The median score for depersonalization was 12 (IQR 5-19) and 15 (IQR 11-18) for 2020 and 2019 respectively (P = 0.50). The median score for personal accomplishment in the 2020s group was 30 (IQR 23-37) and 31 (IQR 26-35) in the 2019s (P = 0.28). The COVID-19 pandemic was not associated with an increase in the incidence of burnout in cardiology residents, who already report a significant prevalence of this syndrome in pre pandemic period. We emphasize the importance of creating prevention strategies aimed at improving resident's working conditions and quality of life, especially in periods of high stress and workload such as a global health emergency.