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The purpose of this paper is to present the situation of Polish care farms in the context of legal and economic conditions. The need to analyze this topic arises from the current lack of literature that has synthetically addressed the challenges posed by the ageing population in the European Union, including in Poland. The research gap revealed by the authors is especially prominent when it comes to aspects related to the setting up and running of care farms in Poland. Therefore, this paper analyzes the legal forms of establishing a care farm. Next, it discusses the economic aspects of how care farms operate. Based on research materials, especially including those retrieved through the use of the formal dogmatic approach, the authors determined the formal conditions for the setting up and successive running of care farms. The authors have analyzed with the help of formal dogma the forms of running care farms in Poland referring to the current legislation, as well as the position presented in the literature. Also, due to the method used in analyzing the materials collected in this study, the authors have presented their views on how to finance such facilities. Findings from this research confirm that Polish care farms have promising outlooks as they respond to the changing needs of an ageing society. Moreover, as a result of the formal dogmatics method used, it was found that in Poland the most common form of running a care farm is an association. This is because the establishment of an association does not require the fulfillment of many legal criteria as is the case with a sole proprietorship. For this reason, those interested in starting a care farm may opt for the association form. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the empirical relationship between local economic conditions, social capital, and individual characteristics on the one hand and satisfaction with democracy on the other hand, using detailed information from the German Socio-Economic Panel. In contrast to previous literature, we focus on economic conditions at the state level instead of the national one. We find that local economic conditions, proxies of social capital, and individual characteristics (e.g., risk attitude, reciprocity, past unemployment experience) are important correlates of satisfaction with democracy and that some heterogeneity between genders, West and East Germany, and people with and without college degree exists in the data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agritouristic guesthouse expansion in Romania has been influenced by the interaction between legislative and economic conditions. In this comparative study, we examine the northwestern and northeaster development regions through a SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) in order to gain insight into how these factors affect the expansion of agritourism. The objective is to measure the impact of regulatory frameworks and economic landscapes on the establishment and evolution of agritourism businesses. Final findings reveal distinct regulatory environments, accessibility of finance, and market dynamics across regions. On the practical level, this research highlights the importance of legislative and economic conditions in stimulating or hindering the development of agritourism. The findings provide strategic insights for policymakers and stakeholders seeking to enhance sustainable growth in the agritourism sector, focusing on targeted responses adapted to regional challenges and opportunities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper uses information at the daily, monthly, and quarterly frequencies to construct a daily World Economic Gauge (WEG). We postulate a mixed‐frequency dynamic factor model to extract data observable at different frequencies in order to track the health of the global economy. We show that the WEG offers a reliable basis for tracking economic activity during key events such as COVID‐19 and the Global Financial Crisis. Moreover, the WEG is shown to contain leading information about the output growth of the OECD, G7, NAFTA, European Union, and euro areas, in addition to the output growth of 42 individual countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rising temperatures have profound impacts on the well-being of urban residents. However, factors explaining the temporal variability of urban thermal environment, or urban warming, remain insufficiently understood, especially in the Global South. Addressing this gap, we studied the relationship between city-level economic conditions and urban warming, and how urban green space mediated this relationship, focusing on 359 major Latin American cities between 2001 and 2022. While effect sizes varied by economic and temperature measures used, we found that better economic conditions were associated with lower baseline greenness in 2011, which contributed to faster warming. There was modest evidence that this faster warming associated with lower baseline greenness and improved economic conditions was partially offset by cooling from recent greening (2001-2022) in cities of better economic conditions. This offset was more evident in arid cities. Together, these findings provide insights into the urban warming mechanism manifested through the effect of economic conditions on urban green space, for Latin American cities and other high-density cities transforming in a similar context.

This study examines the ironic vision in Musa Idris Okpanachi's debut volume of poetry titled The Eaters of the Living. The study argues that owing to pervasive disillusionment of third world writers with the appalling sociopolitical and economic conditions of their societies, African writers, in their quest for social renaissance, tend to evolve different artistic media to historicize society. In this context, this exploration of Okpanachi's artistic vision is anchored on the poetics of irony through which the poet offers important sociopolitical commentaries on postcolonial Nigeria. Specifically, the study examines how the representations of the themes of leadership and marriage, respectively, animate Okpanachi's ironic vision in the text. The conclusion is that, through the use of this aesthetic medium, the poet is contributing to the discourse of nation-formation by critiquing the gross contradictions of postcolonial Nigerian experience., INTRODUCTION The history of Africa is undeniably implicated in what Femi Abodunrin describes as the 'unending presence of disorder and disorder' (9). This unending state of chaos in Africa is [...]

The purpose of this article is to examine the economic cycles in Colombia and to empirically corroborate the fulfillment of nine stylized facts documented in the specialized international literature. For this purpose, the retropolated series 1975-2013 and the series 2005:1-2022:4 of the National Administrative Department of Statistics (DANE) were analyzed using the Hodrick-Prescott filter. Thus, the occurrence of four economic cycles is recorded between 1975 and 2013 with an average duration of 9.3 years with an expansionary phase of 5.0 years and a contractionary phase of 5.3 years. Similarly, between 2005:1 and 2022:4 there were three cycles with an average duration of 21.7 quarters, with an expansionary phase of 14.7 quarters and a contractionary phase of 7.0 quarters. It should also be said that the cyclical fluctuations of employment and unemployment are closely related to effective demand and domestic demand in accordance with Keynesian theory; for example, the positive correlation between the real GDP cycle and the implicit GDP deflator cycle suggests that the cycles were not due to shifts in the aggregate production function as the dominant theory stresses, but to shifts in the aggregate demand function.

الهدف من هذا البحث هو دراسة الآثار الاقتصادية للسيطرة المصرية على المجموعة "ج" بالنوبة السفلى خلال عصر الدولة الوسطى، مع التعرض للعلاقات المصرية النوبية ، والتعريف بالمجموعة "ج" ، وأسباب التدخل المصرى في النوبة السفلى، بالإضافة إلى إلقاء الضوء على النشاط الاقتصادي للمجموعة "ج" فى النوبة فى ظل السيطرة المصرية، ومنه مزاولة سكان تلك المجموعة لحرفة الرعى والزراعة، والتعرف على سكان المجموعة "ج" في ظل السيطرة المصرية على منتجات المناجم والمحاجر، وعلى منتجات الذهب، ومقتنيات مقابر المجموعة "ج" المتأثرة بالفن المصرى، وكذلك التعرف على طبيعة العلاقات التجارية فى ظل السيطرة العسكرية المصرية، وأخيرًا أسباب سقوط المجموعة "ج".AbstractThe aim of this paper is to study the economic impact of Egyptian control over Group "C" in Lower Nubia during the Middle Kingdom, as well as addressing Egyptian-Nubian relations and introducing Group "C" and the reasons for Egyptian intervention in Lower Nubia. Moreover, it will shed light on the economic activities of Group "C" in Nubia under Egyptian control, including the practice of herding and agriculture by the group’s inhabitants. It will also explore the involvement of Group "C" inhabitants in mining and quarrying products, gold products, and the burial goods of Group "C" influenced by Egyptian art. It will examine trade exchange under Egyptian military control, and finally the reasons for the fall of Group "C".

Since most Latin American countries achieved their independence in the 19th century, they have encountered a double challenge: Internally, to consolidate strong states that provide security and a sense of identity to their citizens and, internationally, to insert themselves effectively into the political and economic system. Within this process, the economic models and adjustment plans established in the region since the end of World War II have had an impact on the middle class, either increasing or decreasing its size. This is how the possibility of entering the middle class – although segmented into traditional and new – continues to be an idealized scenario where citizens can achieve decent living standards and even access certain luxuries. Unfortunately, the COVID-19 pandemic increased the feeling of uncertainty and instability in the region, which resulted in negative macroeconomic indicators in terms of GDP or an increase in external debt. This situation had a substantial impact on the middle class, which was affected by the loss of jobs and income that would allow them to maintain or improve their living conditions. The possibilities of improving these conditions are aligned with the redirection of the social contract in force in the majority of Latin American societies, in which both communities and states must strive for agreements that reduce uncertainty and mutual distrust. This path opens the way to the application of actions that benefit not only the middle class but also the less favored classes.

The All-Pakistan Textile Mills Association (APTMA) has called on the Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) to cut interest rates by at least 400 basis points during the meeting with Monetary Policy [...]

People perceive immigration as a source of uncertainty in the host society, making them more susceptible to the most extreme ideological messages that threaten a peaceful relationship between immigrants and the host population. One such message is the idea that immigrants threaten ingroup prerogatives. This, in turn, is related to prosocial and contesting behavioral intentions (negatively and positively, respectively). Implementing inclusive integration policies can create conditions for the institutionalization of norms that promote tolerance and mitigate the negative effects of threat, which can be particularly relevant when the population perceives an economic decline. We address this phenomenon by proposing an analytic model that predicts that the perceived state of the economy and inclusive policies moderate the impact of uncertainty on realistic threat and prosocial and contesting behavioral intentions toward immigrants. We used a 2 (self-uncertainty about immigration: high vs. low) × 2 (perception of economic conditions: decline vs. stability) × 2 (integration policies: very inclusive vs. not very inclusive) between-participants design (N = 579). Results indicated that realistic threat mediated the influence of uncertainty on behavioral intentions. Importantly, the results also confirmed the impact of an economic decline on participants' realistic threat in an uncertain immigration situation and showed that integration policy influences the relationship between realistic threat and prosocial and contestation behavioral intentions. We discuss the implications of these findings for the literature on the role of uncertainty and legitimacy in anti-immigrant attitudes. Public Significance Statement: With an economic decline imminent, the progress made so far to develop a peaceful relationship between immigrants and the host population may be in jeopardy. The findings of this study suggest that integration policies can be an essential tool in the struggle for an inclusive society by suppressing people's intentions to challenge immigrants' integration, even when they feel that they threaten the nation's resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The problem faced by the company is the use of debt that is not according to plan. The purpose of this study is to determine whether debt policy affects company performance. This study was conducted on manufacturing sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2018-2023 with a population of 296 companies, the sample used was 73 companies for six years. Thus, the number of samples used in this study was 438. The company performance variable is proxied by (ROE) while the independent variables in this study are debt policy proxied by (DER and DER*KE), investment decisions (KI), managerial ownership (MNJR), and economic conditions (KE). The data analysis method uses multiple linear regression methods with SPSS software version 26. The results of the study show that the debt policy variable (DER) has a negative and significant effect on company performance (ROE) and the debt policy variable*economic conditions (DER*KE) has a positive and significant effect on company performance (ROE). This means that when economic conditions are supportive, companies that use debt to finance operational activities or business expansion tend to experience increased performance. Funds obtained from debt can be used for investment, new product development, or market expansion. Proper use of debt can increase a company's return on equity (ROE), as long as the rate of return on the investment financed by debt is higher than the cost of debt. Timing the debt decision is crucial. In improving economic conditions, companies can take advantage of low interest rates and increase production capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tendencias: Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Administrativas is the property of Universidad de Narino, Facultad de Ciencias Economics y Administrativas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pedagogía Social is the property of Pedagogia Social and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

January 2024 Nonprofit organizations are an integral part of the U.S. economy. These organizations--from museums and social advocacy groups to healthcare providers and universities--can be found across all segments of [...]

In Japan, public sports institutions sell BIG, a type of sports lottery, to promote sports activities. Consumers purchase these tickets for both monetary incentives and entertainment. The monetary investment made by consumers in BIG is declining and depends on their spending abilities and consumption habits. This study employs a time-series analysis to examine the relationship between income or consumption and payments made per BIG ticket. It focuses on the relationship between payments and the economic situation. The findings indicate that individuals with lower incomes allocate higher payments for BIG tickets. Furthermore, an increase in entertainment consumption is correlated with higher BIG payments. This study’s results clarify the previously unexplored relationship between Japanese sports lotteries and economic conditions and offer implications for lottery policymakers. The study highlights the necessity of strategies that address profit-making in economically disadvantaged situations.

Copyright of Contributions to Contemporary History / Prispevki za Novejšo Zgodovino is the property of Prispevki za Novejso Zgodovino and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Prior research has explored the association between women's employment status and breastfeeding at the individual level, however; a notable gap in scholarly inquiry exists regarding the relationship between labor market performance and breastfeeding at the population level. Research Aim: The aim of this paper is to investigate the association between labor market performance and breastfeeding prevalence in the United States. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional analysis of the association between labor market performance and the prevalence of breastfeeding. Our analysis is conducted at the state level using data published up to late 2021 from the Current Population Survey and the National Immunization Survey. The first dataset was used to construct aggregate and sex-specific state level indicators of labor market performance for both males and females. The second dataset supplied the proportion of mothers breastfeeding for the corresponding birth cohort from each state. Results: Higher average weekly hours worked by females in the year before giving birth was associated with a lower prevalence of breastfeeding, but employment rates among females did not significantly affect breastfeeding prevalence. Among males, current employment rates were positively associated with breastfeeding prevalence; however, no significant relationship was observed between breastfeeding prevalence and average weekly work hours worked. Conclusion: Sex-specific labor market performance may play a role in breastfeeding decisions and the timing of labor market performance relative to childbirth is important. Furthermore, these results highlight that employment rates and hours worked might be associated with child health through breastfeeding prevalence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Economies of the African continent have been faced with difficulties in the last decade caused by various factors including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), unemployment, poverty and so forth. In the South African context, there is another factor that has emerged in the last decade called ‘load-shedding’ resulting in power cuts that affected the economy of the country. Consequently, many small businesses had cut jobs as they could not afford alternative energy generation such as generators and solar energy. These harsh economic conditions have produced some level of economic difficulties where the economy is not growing because of job losses and other challenges. How do Pentecostals respond to economic difficulties? This article attempts to answer this question through the radical economic approach. This approach is framed as a theory that confronts the conventional economic approaches. In addition, this theory is based on radical giving, radical charities and radical development. Contribution: The radical economic approach is relevant in dealing with economic difficulties; however, its radical giving has the potential to produce some level of exploitation of the poor and the marginalised in some instances. To deal with these exploitations, this article suggests a radical economic approach that will be considerate of the poor and the marginalised in communities by juxtaposing it with radical sociology.

This research was conducted to analyze and study the factors that can influence the return of BNI people's business credit (KUR) in Taman Sari District, West Jakarta. The research method used is descriptive qualitative research with data collection techniques through interviews with 9 informants. Data analysis techniques use data triangulation to reveal the facts of the research objectives. The research results show that the factors that influence KUR returns are financial management which is the main basis for continuity consisting of managing income, expenses, and debt wisely, economic conditions consisting of business growth and opportunities for borrowers to increase income, customer risk perceptions influence take a KUR loan because they have an understanding of business risks and business security which includes physical protection, security and legal compliance. The research recommendation is to build a more in-depth risk assessment model by considering factors such as age, length of business, and gender to provide a more accurate picture of potential credit risk. Develop special programs to support groups that tend to experience difficulties in repayment, such as groups with low levels of education or groups with low income levels. Conduct regular monitoring and evaluation of the implementation of this policy to assess its effectiveness and make changes if necessary.

The sustainability of the supply of electrical energy at favorable levels for growing and sustainable human development in the current context is in question due to the accelerated depletion of fossil fuels for electrical generation. Therefore, it is pertinent from the country's senior management to develop a global strategy that favors the gradual replacement of the consumption of fossil fuels for electricity generation with technologies that use solar energy as a basis for electricity generation. Describe some of the most significant economic conditions associated with the greater use of solar energy in Cuba for human development. A descriptive observational study was carried out of some of the main conditions existing in Cuba for the greater use of photovoltaic solar energy for electrical consumption. For this, scientific observation and bibliographic review were used as scientific methods. The strategy of emigration from electricity generation with fossil fuel to generation with photovoltaic panels in Cuba must be thought, planned, planned and executed from the convergence of national and foreign economic interests. Committing to the greater use of photovoltaic solar panels does not mean giving up conventional sources for electricity generation, but rather diversifying the national energy matrix in pursuit of greater economic, political and social benefits. To this end, the ingenuity of human resources to adapt to any scenario, together with the motivational benefits for domestic and foreign capital, can constitute the most complete formula to stimulate the greatest possible participation in electricity generation with photovoltaic solar panels in Cuba.