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The article discusses the new environmentally friendly catalytic technologies for processing butane cut, developed by SIE Neftehim LLC, giving wide opportunities for involving LPG in production of commercial value-added products. Development of petrochemical industry has created a demand for technologies and catalysts that enhance the economic efficiency of petrochemical products’ manufacturing and expand the feed base of petrochemical facilities without involving primary processing feeds. As the environmentally safe and economically effective solution, SIE Neftehim, LLC offers Isomalk-3 technology to produce maximum amount of isobutane, and Isomalk-3R technology to produce maximum amount of n-butane from isobutane cut. Application of Isomalk-3R technology expands the feed base for ethylene production due to isomerization of isobutane by-product to n-butane. N-butane is a valuable feed for pyrolysis units, providing high yields of ethylene, propylene, and n-butene used for polymer production. In turn, obtaining additional amounts of isobutane is possible due to application of n-butane to isobutane catalytic isomerization technology Isomalk-3. Isobutane cut produced in Isomalk-3 technology is notable for its high purity: the isobutane content may exceed 99 wt.%, it has no sulfur, nitrogen, chlorine, and oxygen impurities. Isobutane is in demand as the feed for production of alkylate, butyl rubber, oxygenates (MTBE and ETBE), isooctane. Isomalk-3 and Isomalk-3R processes do not require injection of chlorinating reagents, and the highly active catalytic system is resistant to poisons and impurities. Isomalk-3 and Isomalk-3R process designs are very similar, which allows integrating two units into one for alternate production of n-butane and isobutane.

This article discusses the connection of the new Russian classification of reserves and resources (NCR) with international standards and practices, provides the main conditions and factors that shape the need for Russian oil and gas companies to audit reserves according to international classifications. The aim of the study is to identify the need for further integration of domestic and international methods for quantifying and categorizing reserves. The objective of the study is to identify areas of modernization of domestic approaches in order to increase the credibility of the Russian classification for the international financial institutions

The experience of applying of scattered waves interpretation to search for perspective fracture reservoir in complex geotectonic conditions is considered. The field of scattered waves is extracted from full wave field by the CSPD method. Interpretation is carried out in directions from reservoir macro attributes to local delineation of exploratory drilling objects.

The double strangeness production has been observed in two final states of annihilation of antiprotons at momentum less than 0.9 GeV/c on Xe nuclei: K+K+X (8 events) and K+K0ΛX (6 events). The probabilities of the reaction pXe → K+K+X vary from 2 · 10−5 (at rest) up to 7 · 10−5 (in flight). The reaction pXe → K+K0ΛX is observed only in flight with probability 3 · 10−4. The properties of the observed reactions are similar to those resulting from the cascade process with production of Ξ hyperon: pN → K∗−K∗, K∗ → Kπ, −K∗N → ΞK, ΞN → ΛΛ. The new upper limit on the production probability of the stable H(S = −2) dibaryon in the reaction Xe → K+K+H(H → Σ− p)X was obtained to be < 2 · 10− (90%C.L.).

From a sample of 20 000 pXe annihilations obtained in the bubble chamber DIANA a search has been made for strange-particle production at rest and in flight (0.4–0.9 GeV/ c ) taking advantage also of the unique capability of the chamber to detect neutral (photon) channels. Inclusive features such as Λ, K s 0 and Σ 0 (the first time for the last particle) rates are presented, together with momentum and rapidity distributions. Semi-inclusive double-strangeness final states ΛKX, Σ.KX and KKX are also presented. The observation of almost all strange channels allowed one to deduce the effective total strangeness content which turned out to be (6.2 ± 0.9)%. The K/π ratios, together with the mean multiplicities of protons, π ± and π 0 mesons associated or not to strangeness production are also given. The results have been compared with a modified version of the standard intranuclear cascade model obtaining, within the model uncertainties, a good agreement under the assumption that the produced hyperons have no further nuclear interaction (no elastic scattering and no sticking).