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The authors illustrate the way in which many standard processing techniques, such as laser cutting, thick- and thin-film deposition, glassing, and soldering, can be used with aluminium nitride and highlight some of the ways in which material and process compatibilities can be achieved. The viability of such techniques is demonstrated by the production of aluminium nitride prototype packages and substrates using thick- and thin-film technologies. It is shown that thick and thin film substrates can be successfully produced in aluminium nitride. These can be incorporated into hermetic demonstrator packages quickly and easily by adopting standard techniques to assemble package components. By adopting this approach, it is possible to achieve a rapid turnaround of small numbers of demonstrator packages, allowing prompt assessment of both chip and package technologies and materials. >

The Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) has twenty toroidal-field (TF) coils with a maximum current rating of 73 kA for 3.6 s when cooled with water. Operation of the TF array at this maximal current produces a 5.2-T magnetic field at a major radius of 2.48 m. Repetition rate is dependent upon the efficiency of the cooling system for the array. An alternative approach to the water cooling would be to circulate a silicate ester (oil) in the coils. This technique would improve the electrical insulation of a leaking coil because, unlike water, the oil will not dissolve electrolytes and, therefore, retains a high dielectric strength as it wets the insulation. The oil cooling system is composed of a pump, heat exchanger and piping, and associated control and protective action circuits. Due to higher viscosity and lower heat capacity than water, oil removes 0.89 MW (maximum) at 12 L/s for each coil (1.4 MW at 12 L/s for water). This decreases the repetition rate to one maximum power pulse every 900 s, as opposed to one every 300 s for water. A thermal analysis is presented, and the equipment and controls are described. A flow diagram for the system is provided. >

The objective of the DT (deuterium-tritium) Preparation Project on the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) is to provide the capability required to perform a sequence of DT experiments in a manner which is consistent with DOE (US Department of Energy) orders and the environmental, safety and health requirements of the DOE and Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory. These experiments will include the study of confinement and heating of DT plasmas, determining the effects of alpha particles, the demonstration of DT technical capability, and the demonstration of DT power production. The TFTR research plan summarizing these activities is shown. >

A diborane gas handling system has been constructed for the purposes of boronizing TFTR. Numerous safety features have been incorporated to mitigate the toxic and inflammable nature of diborane, including many features adopted from the semiconductor industry. The carborane films deposited in TFTR have significantly improved the operational performance of the machine.