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On the basis of biotesting of the different parts and organs of Echinacea purpurea plants (Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench) cultivated in Poltava region it has been established that plants of the first vegetation year showed higher allelopathy activity compared with plants of the second year. The most perceptible hamper effect was typical to stem extracts of Echinacea purpurea of the first year existence. Allelopathy active components are accumulated more in an overground part than in a root system. It should be taken into account during agroecological evaluation of phytocoenosis.

Historical and analytical review of formation and development fundamental allelopathy in Ukraine have been given. Theoretical and experimental studies by academician A.M. Grodzinsky and his coworkers have been generalized. The most priority elaborations in modern allelopathy from description of ecological mechanisms between higher plants and microorganisms to isolation and identification of physiologically active substances have been considered.

On the basis of allelopathic properties of donor plants, viz. Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop., Barbarea vulgaris R. Br., Fumaria officinalis L., preparation technology of herbicide like phytoregulators with active substances – polycomponent mixtures of phenolic compounds. Chemical composition of above-mentioned plants has been investigated at the first time. At that the compounds of lipid and phenolic nature with high growth inhibiting activity have been isolated.

For the first time allelopathic aspects of formation and functioning of landscape compositions in the natural ecosystems of reserves and artificial plantings of botanical gardens and dendroparks were formulated. They were based on three principles: 1) cluster methods; 2) allelopathic properties of ornamental cultivars of trees and bushes; 3) donor-acceptor mechanisms of plant interactions. Formation of allelopathic soil sickness under monocultures of introduced plants (Syringa vulgaris L.) and accumulation of phytotoxic compounds under crowns of tree treated with chips mulch.

Formation, development and present state of allelopathy founded by A.M. Grodzinsky, Member of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, have been considered. A brief review of the history of plant physiology from A.S. Fomintsyn, K.A. Timiryazev, E.F. Botchal to K.M. Lyubimenko and M.G. Kholodny is presented. Fundamental investigations of A.M. Grodzinsky and his collaborators have been generalized, the priority of Ukrainian school in the study of ecological mechanisms of allelopathy, in introduction of original methods of isolation and identification of physiologically active substances in shown.

Optical density of root exudate of yellow lupin of Promin’, Motuv 369, Borsel'fa, Obriy varieties and line 448/8 and lupin white of Olezhka, Suniy parys, Pizhovuy varieties and alcaloides form in laboratory conditions were studied. Variety peculiarities of secretory activity of root plants systems and influence of their exometabolites on formation of microbiota in soil-climatic conditions Western Podillya have been shown. Essential changes in quantity mushrooms, bacteria and streptomices in rhizosphere and space between rows of diverse lupin sort have been found. It has been established, that the amount of amino acids in soil after harvest of lupin depends on species and variety peculiarities of plants.

Allelopathical and microbiological investigations of biological recultivation of slames of the copper ore productions have proved that the growing of agricultural plants cause colonization of substrates by agronomically important groups of microorganisms. Active primary soil-formation and decrease of phytotoxicity of substrates are observed under these conditions.

Principal points in the history of introducing several Echinacea Moench species in Ukraine have been considered. Biological, botanical, biochemical peculiarities of representatives of the above-mentioned genus have been described. Data concerning their biological activity prove, that this genus is promising for a more comprehensive study in various directions.

Allelopathic analysis of rhizospherical ground of the steppe plant groups in the reserve of Kamyani Mohyly has been carried out. The effect of the steppe vegetation on formation of the number of sporulating bacteria and ground micromycetes has been shown. The dynamics of biological activity rhizospherical ground depending on the species of the steppe vegetation has been studied.