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The paper presents an improved key to the co-occurring species of Polymerus Hahn, 1831 (Heteroptera, Miridae) based on morphological characters and our new data on the differences between the COI gene DNA sequences of these species. These characters, together with the data stored in the NCBI GenBank, provide the means for accurate and rapid identification of adults and nymphs of Polymerus unciniger Gapon, 2014, P. unifasciatus (Fabricius, 1794), P. cognatus (Fieber, 1858), P. vulneratus (Panzer, 1806), and P. brevicornis (Reuter, 1879). The subgenera Poeciloscytus Fieber, 1858 and Pachycentrum Gapon, 2014 differ considerably in morphological and molecular genetic characteristics. A PCR-RFLP method has been developed for rapid identification of the pest species P. vulneratus. The morphological characters of P. unifasciatus and the COI gene sequences of the forms earlier registered in GenBank as P. unifasciatus and P. microphthalmus (Wagner, 1951) reveal high intrapopulation variability. Polymerus microphthalmus may be a submacropterous form of P. unifasciatus with shortened hemelytra and smaller eyes, while the macropterous form of the latter species is characterized by larger eyes.

The study set the goal of improving the efficiency of various technological schemes of purification plants of the enterprise through the development of an expert system based on fuzzy logic methods and the formation of practical recommendations for improving the characteristics of wastewater from the operation of schemes of purification plants.

Research of dynamic membranes with biocidal grafting in the treatment of waters with a high content of organic substances. Technique. For the research, was used a semi-industrial plant that was designed to test the applicability of the membrane modification method in the water purification process. In the experiment were used three parallel-working membrane modules, each of them has an active area of 5 m2. Modification of the two modules is carried out according to the standard scheme by treatment with aluminum oxychloride. The third membrane is treated with aluminum oxychloride and a mixture of biocides. Results. The data obtained as a result of the experiment showed the possibility of using this technology in the process of water purification. However, one of the limitations was the development of biofilms on the membrane surface. Biofilms led to a decrease in the filtering ability. To reduce the influence of biofilms in the membrane-forming layer, biocidal grafts were introduced. These vaccinations made it possible to obtain a membrane with stable filtering properties and to reduce the effect of biomass on the process of membrane contamination, as evidenced by the experiment. Practical significance. The creation of a dynamic layer with biocidal grafting will improve the efficiency of water purification from surface water sources

The study involved 106 elderly people of the Arctic aged 61-74 years, 42 of them were residents of the Subarctic region (SR) and 64 residents of the Arctic region (AR). Using gas-liquid chromatography there was determined the serum content of saturated fatty acids (SFA): short-chain (SCFA), medium-chain (MCFA) and long-chain (LCFA); and the levels of carbohydrate metabolism parameters were determined by spectrophotometric methods. Correlation analysis showed that elderly people of SR had no significant interrelationships between the contents of SCFA, MCFA and LCFA, since all the correlation dependences were weak (r=0,2-0,29, p=0,08-0,786), against AR with a lower occurrence of high values of glucose (Glu), lactate (Lac) and low pyruvate (Pyr). In AR, with the highest occurrence of high and low values of GIu, the greatest number of its interrelations was noted with LCFA (palmitic, margarine, stearic, behenic, tricosanoic), then with MCFA (myristic, pentadecanoic) and SCFA (pelargonic), low values of Pyr with MCFA (lauric, myristic, ∑MCFA) and SCFA (decanoic), and a slight decrease in the occurrence of high levels of Lac and Lac/Pyr with LCFA (palmitic, margarine, stearic, tricosanoic), MCFA (lauric, tridecanoic) and SCFA (caproic, capric).

The paper is devoted to the problems of using modern digital technologies to manage the implementation of programs for the development of the regional economy’s agro-industrial cluster. An approach based on the use of intelligent (knowledge-oriented) information systems for analyzing the progress of program implementation is proposed. As a model for representing knowledge about the subject area, it is proposed to use the apparatus of the linguistic variable theory and fuzzy production rules, which makes it possible to take into account the high level of uncertainty inherent in the agricultural sector of the economy. The inference engine included in the information system is based on explicitly interpreted Mamdani’s procedure of fuzzy logical inference, which makes it possible to form explanations of the course of reasoning. The developed structure of the intelligent information system is a concretization and extension of the traditional one, taking into account the reflection of the specifics of the tasks of managing the implementation of programs for the development of the agro-industrial cluster. The preliminary results of the experimental operation of the research prototype of the developed system can serve as confirmation of the effectiveness of the proposed design solutions.

Цель статьи ‑ изучение проблемы микробиологического обрастания поверхности мембранных элементов. Поиск методов решения данной проблемы. Результаты . Понимание состава и механизма действия биомассы на поверхность мембранных элементов. Практическая значимость. Получение нового метода предотвращения микробиологического обрастания поверхности мембранных элементов.

The article considers the research hypothesis - drive to increase the uniformity of animal husbandry development in different natural and climatic zones, due to production robotization and digitalization. The high level of technical equipment of livestock farms contributes to the reduction of regional heterogeneity. To determine the models and indicators describing the processes in agriculture, it is necessary to consider the characteristics of the object of study. The working hypothesis was evaluated using cluster analysis based on data from 84 regions of the Russian Federation based on 11 indicators reflecting financial, industry and labor characteristics. Cluster analysis showed that only 30% of farms have indicators that exceed the average level for Russia. The complex of existing problems does not allow to fully and rationally use available opportunities for the development of the livestock industry in the regions.

The study involved 106 elderly people of the Arctic aged 61-74 years, 42 of them were residents of the Subarctic region (SR) and 64 residents of the Arctic region (AR). Using gas-liquid chromatography there was determined the serum content of saturated fatty acids (SFA): short-chain (SCFA), medium-chain (MCFA) and long-chain (LCFA); and the levels of carbohydrate metabolism parameters were determined by spectrophotometric methods. Correlation analysis showed that elderly people of SR had no significant interrelationships between the contents of SCFA, MCFA and LCFA, since all the correlation dependences were weak (r=0,2-0,29, p=0,08-0,786), against AR with a lower occurrence of high values of glucose (Glu), lactate (Lac) and low pyruvate (Pyr). In AR, with the highest occurrence of high and low values of GIu, the greatest number of its interrelations was noted with LCFA (palmitic, margarine, stearic, behenic, tricosanoic), then with MCFA (myristic, pentadecanoic) and SCFA (pelargonic), low values of Pyr with MCFA (lauric, myristic, ∑MCFA) and SCFA (decanoic), and a slight decrease in the occurrence of high levels of Lac and Lac/Pyr with LCFA (palmitic, margarine, stearic, tricosanoic), MCFA (lauric, tridecanoic) and SCFA (caproic, capric).Обследованы 106 человек 61–74 лет населения Арктики, из них 42 — жители Приарктического региона (ПР) и 64 — Арктического региона (АР). Методом газожидкостной хроматографии в сыворотке крови определено содержание насыщенных жирных кислот (НЖК) — короткоцепочечных (КЦ ЖК), среднецепочечных (СЦ ЖК) и длинноцепочечных (ДЦ ЖК). Спектрофотометрическим методом определены уровни параметров углеводного обмена. Корреляционный анализ показал, что у лиц пожилого возраста ПР, относительно АР, с меньшей встречаемостью высоких значений глюкозы (Глю), лактата (Лак) и низких пирувата (Пир), значимых взаимосвязей с содержанием КЦ, СЦ и ДЦ ЖК не установлено, так как все корреляционные зависимости были слабые по силе (r=0,2–0,29; р=0,08–0,786). В АР при большей встречаемости высоких и низких значений Глю, наибольшее число ее взаимосвязей отмечено с ДЦ (пальмитиновой, маргариновой, стеариновой, бегеновой, трикозановой), затем СЦ (миристиновой, пентадекановой) и КЦ (пеларгоновой) ЖК, низких значений Пир с СЦ (лауриновой, миристиновой, суммарного содержания СЦ ЖК) и КЦ (декановой), а незначительное снижение встречаемости высокого уровня Лак и величины Лак/Пир с ДЦ (пальмитиновой, маргариновой, стеариновой, трикозановой), СЦ (лауриновой, тридекановой) и КЦ (капроновой, каприновой).

Transformations of structure, phase composition, and mechanical properties of 45Cr26Ni33Si2Nb2 alloy during hightemperature (800-1100 °C) tests for longterm strength are investigated. The formation of the G phase of Ni 16 Si 7 Nb 6 was revealed, and the temperature range of its stability was determined. The cor� relation of strength properties with the formation of the G phase at intercrystalline boundaries is found.

The properties of materials of the heat-exchange equipment components of the fast breeder reactor BN-600 after 130000–170000 h of operation at 500–550°C are studied. The effect of long-term aging on the strength, ductility, impact strength, and fracture toughness of 18Cr-9Ni steel (type 304 stainless steel) and its welds is examined. The mechanisms that give rise to changes in the mechanical properties are analyzed on the basis of microstructural and fractographic studies. The predicted degradation of material properties is estimated as a function of operating temperature and time.

In the article, the problem of development of multi-criteria assessment instruments for investment projects in the healthcare sphere is analyzed. Distinguishing the medical, scientific, and innovative aspects from the social component of the project complies with the specific features of the innovative projects in the healthcare sphere. The Analytic Hierarchy Method has allowed developing a hierarchy of the considered criteria and the indicators, corresponding to them. The proposed scheme is used as a basis upon designing and implementation of the analytical information system, designated to help the tender committee upon choosing investment projects in the regional healthcare sphere (AIS “SAP-Analytics. Healthcare”). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2227-930X-2013-2-4

Sample preparation and HPLC conditions for the quantitative determination of ascorbic acid in objects with a complex matrix (blood) were studied. Influences of ascorbic acid degradation in the presence of different stabilizers and a sample matrix on the determination accuracy and sample stability were investigated. It was shown the possibility of ascorbic acid determination in blood samples, provided the mandatory acid denaturation in presence of the complexing and reducing agents. Data on stability of ascorbic acid in aqueous solutions and blood samples are provided. Key words: Ascorbic acid, HPLC, blood samples (Russian) DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2013.17.3.008 V.V. Khasanov, K.A. Dychko, T.T. Kuriaeva, E.V. Nesterova Tomsk State University , Tomsk, Russian Federation

A mathematical model of the kinetics of ferrite formation in the structure of pipe steels is developed. It allows for predicting the structural parameters of ferrite as a function of chemical composition, features of the structure of the initial austenite, and cooling mode after hot rolling.

The durability and plasticity of Kh18N9 steel was experimentally studied after its service for 170000 h at temperatures of 500–550°C in various components of an intermediate heat exchanger of a reactor facility. The properties of austenitic metal and the aged metal during operation were compared. The effect of thermal aging on durability and durable plasticity of Kh18N9 steel was simulated.

The application of local criteria for predicting brittle fracture of reactor pressure vessel steels is discussed with an emphasis on radiation embrittlement. An association of the radiation-induced damages and the processes of initiation and propagation of cleavage microcracks is analyzed from the standpoint of the local criterion for fracture. Physical-mechanical models are put forward to describe the influence of radiation damages on the cleavage microcrack initiation. The influence of the material hardening caused by neutron irradiation and plastic deformation on the fracture toughness is studied.

Meiosis of wild (Helianthus praecox) and cultivated (H. annuus) sunflower species, their F1 interspecific hybrid, and two backcross generations were studied. A low level of meiotic chromosomal aberrations in the parents was detected. Interspecific hybridization between wild and cultivated sunflower accessions led to a considerable (50%) increase in the rate of meiotic aberrations in microsporocytes. Backcrossing of hybrids to cultivated sunflower decreased the chromosomal aberration rate to 12.8% in BC1 and to 9.6% in BC2. Cytological stability of plants was restored only in BC2.

Results of the development of additive-correlation and multiplicative-correlation methods for a tomographic reconstruction of the distribution pattern of the total bloodstream velocity vector with the help of ultrasound are presented for relatively low frequencies (1–2) MHz, which provide a sufficient penetration depth. The reconstruction of the vector field uses a great body of spatial-correlation data and is closely related to the process of constructing the tomographic image of a given organ as a whole. A spatial cross-correlation of intermediate images is used, which makes it possible to estimate the bloodstream velocity vector independently of the value of the real blood transfer within the total measurement time. Results of numerical simulations for constant and varying distributions of the bloodstream velocity vector in the cross sections of blood vessels are presented.

Scientific foundations of the creation of reduced-activation bainitic steel of type 15Kh2V2FA-A are considered. Data on the structure and mechanical properties of the steel after various kinds of heat treatment are presented.

The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) microstructure of a low-carbon Ti-killed interstitial-free (IF) steel has been examined after simple-shear/simple-shear and uniaxial-tension/simple-shear strain-path changes, in connection with the crystallographic orientation of the grains. The results are discussed in the context of the inter-relation between the microstructure and texture evolutions and their joint influence on the mechanical behavior. A partial disappearance of prestrain microstructures is shown to cause the stagnation of work hardening at earlier stages of reversed loading during Bauschinger simple-shear sequences. Under progressing reversed deformation, a fragmentation of the grains of unstable orientations still slows down the work-hardening rate. A strong localization of plastic flow within microbands following an orthogonal strain-path change is shown to occur within the grains containing well-developed prestrain dislocation boundaries and belonging to certain orientation groups.

The microstructure of a Ti-killed interstitial free (IF) steel has been examined through TEM observations after simple-shear/simple-shear strain-path changes, in connection with the crystallographic orientation of the examined grains. A partial disappearance of prestrain microstructures is shown to cause the stagnation of work hardening at earlier stages of reversed loading during Bauschinger simple shear sequences. Under progressing reversed deformation, a fragmentation of the grains of unstable orientations still slows down the work-hardening rate. A strong localization of plastic flow within microbands following an orthogonal strain-path change is shown to occur within the grains containing well-developed prestrain dislocation boundaries and belonging to certain orientation groups.

Effects of molybdenum replacement by tungsten in steels of the bainitic, martensitic, and martensitic–ferritic classes containing 2.5%, 8% and 11% Cr, respectively, were investigated. The phase composition and structure of the bainitic steels were varied by changing the cooling rates from the austenitization temperature (from values typical for normalization up to V=3.3 × 10−2°C/s) and then tempering. The steels were irradiated to a fluence of 4×10 23 n / m 2 (⩾0.5 MeV) at 270°C and to fluences of 1.3×1023 and 1.2×10 24 n / m 2 (⩾0.5 MeV) at 70°C. The 2.5Cr–1.4WV and 8Cr–1.5WV steels have shown lower values of the shifts in ductile–brittle transition temperature (DBTT) under irradiation in comparison with corresponding Cr–Mo steels. Radiation embrittlement at elevated irradiation temperature was lowest in bainitic 2.5Cr–1.4WV steel and martensitic–ferritic 11Cr–1.5WV steel. The positive effect of molybdenum replacement by tungsten at irradiation temperature ∼300°C is reversed at Tirr=70∘C.

The deformability and fracture appearance of neutron irradiated Ti–Zr alloy were investigated. It was shown that irradiation at 200–250°C resulted in a drastic decrease of uniform elongation. The material irradiated at 350°C and over was characterized by high deformability. The dimple ductile transgranular fracture was found to be typical for the examined material both in initial state and after the low temperature irradiation. Elements of ductile intergranular fracture were observed in the material after neutron irradiation at 400°C.

Meiosis of wild species (H. praecox) and cultivated sunflower (H. annuus), their F1 interspecific hybrid as well as two backcross generations has been studied. A low level of chromosomal abnormalities in the parents was detected. Interspecific hybridization between the wild and cultivated samples has led to a considerable (50%) increase of meiosis abnormalities in sunflower pollen mother cells. Backcrossing of hybrids by cultivated sunflower decreased the chromosomal abnormalities level to 12.8% in BC1 and 9.6% in BC2. Cytological stability of plants restored in BC2 only.

The influence of lacidipine (0.1-10 mg/kg, intragastric) on the clastogenic effect of dioxidine (100 and 200 mg/kg, i.p.) under conditions of their single and repeated (five-fold, 24-h interval) administration was studied by the chromosome aberration assay in the metaphase bone marrow cells of BALB/c and C57BL/6 male mice. It was found that single (5 or 10 mg/kg) and repeated (10 mg/kg) introduction of lacidipine enhances the clastogenic effect of dioxidine in both genotypes. At the same time, a single treatment of C57BL/6 mice with 0.1 and 1 mg/kg of lacidipine sometimes significantly reduced the clastogenic effect of dioxidine (200 mg/kg). Thus, lacidipine exhibits a comutagen effect in vivo when administered at large doses (5 and 10 mg/kg) but not at small doses, where the drug sometimes acted as antimutagen in C57BL/6 mice.

The method of chromosome aberration count in the bone marrow cells of male BALB/c and C57Bl/6 mice was used to study the influence of intraperitoneal injection of verapamil in doses of 0.1-10 mg/kg and its administration into the stomach in doses of 2.5-10 mg/kg on the clastogenic effect of cyclophosphamide (10 mg/kg intraperitoneally) in a single and repeated (5 times at intervals of 24 h) administration. In repeated administration in all the doses used, verapamil significantly intensified the mutagenic activity of cyclophosphamide in C57Bl/6 mice and in doses 10 mg/kg in BALB/c mice. A single intraperitoneal verapamil injection (0.1-0.4 mg/kg) caused a statistically increase in the clastogenic effect of cyclophosphan in mice of both strains. The same effect was encountered in intraperitoneal injection (2.5 mg/kg) and administration into the stomach (5 mg/kg) of the calcium antagonist in BALB/c mice. Thus, the effect of verapamil on cyclophosphamide clastogenic activity depends on the dose, method, and schedule of administration of the calcium antagonist.

Multifunctional coatings from materials with amorphized microcrystalline or nano-phase structure cause a considerable scientific and practical interest. With their help it is to manufacture heat resistant neutralizers of harmful ejections, to produce ecologically clean sources of electric current, to design electromagnetic protective shields and to fabricate a lot of other technical products. The variety of application and a unique complex of operating characteristics (ductility, strength, magnetic and chemical properties) are governed by the basic peculiarity of material in amorphized state -- its thermodynamic instability. In comparison with traditional thermodynamically equilibrium metallic alloys, the kinetics of structure changes in amorphous materials is quite different. Thus, it is suggested, that they have peculiar defects (phasonics) which are not typical of materials in crystalline state, they have no translational symmetry and elementary cells. In the process of coatings forming with non-equilibrium structure states can be realized in them, which are characterized by a fluctuation type of origin, entropy export, appearance of space or temporary symmetry uncertainty of the transition direction 'order $ARLR disorder' in bifurcation points. The aforesaid explains a great scientific (not only practical) interest in the structure study of disordered medium. Functional coatings with amorphized, nano- and microcrystalline structure components formed on copper substrate by plasma spraying of dispersed (to 50 mcm) Ni-Al powder. According to the constitutional diagram it was expected to obtain a mixture from equilibrium intermetallide phases NiAl 3 + Ni 2 Al 3 . The experimental results and investigations performed by X-ray structure, X-ray spectrum and electron microscopy techniques have shown it is possible to obtain phases of variable composition (Ni) m (Al) n with Ni content from 25 to 75 vol.%, including NiAl. It turned out that in the process of spraying the dispersed particles of the size 3 - 70 mcm were generating at the coating surface, which differed significantly in morphology, crystallinity degree and chemical composition. Thus, equiaxial and scaly particles stand out in their morphologic characteristics among particles. Scales are fixed as isolated aggregates on the whole coating, including the surface of equiaxial formations. It has been determined the internal structure of thin scales is amorphous of they contain above 50 vol.% Ni. This fact is illustrated by a typical diffusion halo around the central reflex in microdiffractional picture. Massive scales and equiaxial particles are classified as nano- and microcrystalline objects of variable chemical composition. On the basis of the obtained experimental data it is possible to state that the amorphized state can be detected with a high probability in particles containing above 50 vol.% Ni, having a scaly appearance and relief contour with a fractional space dimensionality. The latter agrees with the principle of the existence of a close correlation between stoichiometry and geometrical peculiarities of the phase solidified. The experimental results were used as the base of formation process model for amorphized particles.