Author: "E. Scifoni" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

Your search keyword '"E. Scifoni"' showing total 123 results

Start Over Author "E. Scifoni"

123 results on '"E. Scifoni"'

1. Charge identification of fragments produced in 16O beam interactions at 200 MeV/n and 400 MeV/n on C and C2H4 targets

Author: G. Galati, V. Boccia, A. Alexandrov, B. Alpat, G. Ambrosi, S. Argirò, M. Barbanera, N. Bartosik, G. Battistoni, M. G. Bisogni, G. Bruni, F. Cavanna, P. Cerello, E. Ciarrocchi, S. Colombi, A. De Gregorio, G. De Lellis, A. Di Crescenzo, B. Di Ruzza, M. Donetti, Y. Dong, M. Durante, R. Faccini, V. Ferrero, C. Finck, E. Fiorina, M. Francesconi, M. Franchini, G. Franciosini, L. Galli, M. Ionica, A. Iuliano, K. Kanxheri, A. C. Kraan, C. La Tessa, A. Lauria, E. Lopez Torres, M. Magi, A. Manna, M. Marafini, M. Massa, C. Massimi, I. Mattei, A. Mengarelli, A. Mereghetti, T. Minniti, A. Moggi, M. C. Morone, M. Morrocchi, S. Muraro, N. Pastrone, V. Patera, F. Pennazio, F. Peverini, P. Placidi, M. Pullia, L. Ramello, C. Reidel, R. Ridolfi, L. Salvi, C. Sanelli, A. Sarti, O. Sato, S. Savazzi, L. Scavarda, A. Schiavi, C. Schuy, E. Scifoni, A. Sciubba, L. Servoli, G. Silvestre, M. Sitta, R. Spighi, E. Spiriti, V. Tioukov, S. Tomassini, F. Tommasino, M. Toppi, G. Traini, A. Trigilio, G. Ubaldi, A. Valetti, M. Vanstalle, M. Villa, U. Weber, R. Zarrella, A. Zoccoli, and M. C. Montesi
Subjects: particle therapy, fragmentation, cross sections, nuclear emulsion detector, protons RBE, charge measurement, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: Introduction: Charged Particle Therapy plays a key role in the treatment of deep-seated tumours, because of the advantageous energy deposition culminating in the Bragg peak. However, knowledge of the dose delivered in the entrance channel is limited by the lack of data on the beam and fragmentation of the target.Methods: The FOOT experiment has been designed to measure the cross sections of the nuclear fragmentation of projectile and target with two different detectors: an electronic setup for the identification of Z ≥ 3 fragments and a nuclear emulsion spectrometer for Z ≤ 3 fragments. In this paper, we analyze the data taken by exposing four nuclear emulsion spectrometers, with C and C2H4 targets, to 200 MeV/n and 400 MeV/n oxygen beams at GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung (Darmstadt, Germany), and we report the charge identification of produced fragments based on the controlled fading induced on nuclear emulsion films.Results: The goal of identifying fragments as heavy as lithium has been achieved.Discussion: The results will contribute to a better understanding of the nuclear fragmentation process in charged particle therapy and have implications for refining treatment planning in the presence of deep-seated tumors.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

2. Elemental fragmentation cross sections for a 16O beam of 400 MeV/u kinetic energy interacting with a graphite target using the FOOT ΔE-TOF detectors

Author: M. Toppi, A. Sarti, A. Alexandrov, B. Alpat, G. Ambrosi, S. Argirò, R. A Diaz, M. Barbanera, N. Bartosik, G. Battistoni, N. Belcari, S. Biondi, M. G. Bisogni, M. Bon, G. Bruni, P. Carra, F. Cavanna, P. Cerello, E. Ciarrocchi, A. Clozza, S. Colombi, G. De Lellis, A. De Gregorio, A. Del Guerra, M. De Simoni, A. Di Crescenzo, B. Di Ruzza, M. Donetti, Y. Dong, M. Durante, V. Ferrero, E. Fiandrini, C. Finck, E. Fiorina, M. Fischetti, M. Francesconi, M. Franchini, G. Franciosini, G. Galati, L. Galli, G. Giraudo, R. Hetzel, E. Iarocci, M. Ionica, A. Iuliano, K. Kanxheri, A.C. Kraan, C. La Tessa, M. Laurenza, A. Lauria, E. L Torres, M. Marafini, M. Massa, C. Massimi, I. Mattei, A. Meneghetti, A. Mengarelli, R. Mirabelli, A. Moggi, M.C. Montesi, M.C. Morone, M. Morrocchi, S. Muraro, F. Murtas, A. Muscato, A. Pastore, N. Pastrone, V. Patera, F. Pennazio, F. Peverini, P. Placidi, M. Pullia, L. Ramello, C. Reidel, R. Ridolfi, V. Rosso, C. Sanelli, G. Sartorelli, O. Sato, S. Savazzi, L. Scavarda, A. Schiavi, C. Schuy, E. Scifoni, A. Sciubba, A. Sécher, M. Selvi, L. Servoli, G. Silvestre, M. Sitta, R. Spighi, E. Spiriti, G. Sportelli, A. Stahl, S. Tomassini, F. Tommasino, V. Tioukov, G. Traini, A. Trigilio, S.M. Valle, M. Vanstalle, U. Weber, R. Zarrella, A. Zoccoli, and M. Villa
Subjects: fragmentation, cross section, timing detectors, particle therapy, space radioprotection, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: The study of nuclear fragmentation plays a central role in many important applications: from the study of Particle Therapy (PT) up to radiation protection for space (RPS) missions and the design of shielding for nuclear reactors. The FragmentatiOn Of Target (FOOT) collaboration aims to study the nuclear reactions that describe the interactions with matter of different light ions (like H1, He4, C12, O16) of interest for such applications, performing double differential fragmentation cross section measurements in the energy range of interest for PT and RPS. In this manuscript, we present the analysis of the data collected in the interactions of an oxygen ion beam of 400 MeV/u with a graphite target using a partial FOOT setup, at the GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Research facility in Darmstadt. During the data taking the magnets, the silicon trackers and the calorimeter foreseen in the final FOOT setup were not yet available, and hence precise measurements of the fragments kinetic energy, momentum and mass were not possible. However, using the FOOT scintillator detectors for the time of flight (TOF) and energy loss (ΔE) measurements together with a drift chamber, used as beam monitor, it was possible to measure the elemental fragmentation cross sections. The reduced detector set-up and the limited available statistics allowed anyway to obtain relevant results, providing statistically significant measurements of cross sections eagerly needed for PT and RPS applications. Whenever possible the obtained results have been compared with existing measurements helping in discriminating between conflicting results in the literature and demonstrating at the same time the proper functioning of the FOOT ΔE-TOF system. Finally, the obtained fragmentation cross sections are compared to the Monte Carlo predictions obtained with the FLUKA software.
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

3. A Novel Hybrid Microdosimeter for Radiation Field Characterization Based on the Tissue Equivalent Proportional Counter Detector and Low Gain Avalanche Detectors Tracker: A Feasibility Study

Author: M. Missiaggia, E. Pierobon, M. Castelluzzo, A. Perinelli, F. Cordoni, M. Centis Vignali, G. Borghi, E. V. Bellinzona, E. Scifoni, F. Tommasino, V. Monaco, L. Ricci, M. Boscardin, and Chiara La Tessa
Subjects: particle tracking, ion therapy, low gain avalanche diode, tissue equivalent proportional counter, microdosimetry, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: In microdosimetry, lineal energies y are calculated from energy depositions ϵ inside the microdosimeter divided by the mean chord length, whose value is based on geometrical assumptions on both the detector and the radiation field. This work presents an innovative two-stages hybrid detector (HDM: hybrid detector for microdosimetry) composed by a tissue equivalent proportional counter and a silicon tracker made of 4 low gain avalanche diode. This design provides a direct measurement of energy deposition in tissue as well as particles tracking with a submillimeter lateral spatial resolution. The data collected by the detector allow to obtain the real track length traversed by each particle in the tissue equivalent proportional counter and thus estimates microdosimetry spectra without the mean chord length approximation. Using Geant4 toolkit, we investigated HDM performances in terms of detection and tracking efficiencies when placed in water and exposed to protons and carbon ions in the therapeutic energy range. The results indicate that the mean chord length approximation underestimate particles with short track, which often are characterized by a high energy deposition and thus can be biologically relevant. Tracking efficiency depends on the low gain avalanche diode configurations: 34 strips sensors have a higher detection efficiency but lower spatial resolution than 71 strips sensors. Further studies will be performed both with Geant4 and experimentally to optimize the detector design on the bases of the radiation field of interest.The main purpose of HDM is to improve the assessment of the radiation biological effectiveness via microdosimetric measurements, exploiting a new definition of the lineal energy (yT), defined as the energy deposition ϵ inside the microdosimeter divided by the real track length of the particle.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

4. Linking Microdosimetric Measurements to Biological Effectiveness in Ion Beam Therapy: A Review of Theoretical Aspects of MKM and Other Models

Author: V. E. Bellinzona, F. Cordoni, M. Missiaggia, F. Tommasino, E. Scifoni, C. La Tessa, and A. Attili
Subjects: microdosimetry, microdosimetric kinetic model, relative biological effectiveness, oxygen enhancement ratio, biophysical modeling, ion beam therapy, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: Different qualities of radiation are known to cause different biological effects at the same absorbed dose. Enhancements of the biological effectiveness are a direct consequence of the energy deposition clustering at the scales of DNA molecule and cell nucleus whilst absorbed dose is a macroscopic averaged quantity which does not take into account heterogeneities at the nanometer and micrometer scales. Microdosimetry aims to measure radiation quality at cellular or sub-cellular levels trying to increase the understanding of radiation damage mechanisms and effects. Existing microdosimeters rely on the well-established gas-based detectors or the more recent solid-state devices. They provide specific energy z spectra and other derived quantities as lineal energy (y) spectra assessed at the micrometer level. The interpretation of the radio-biological experimental data in the framework of different models has raised interest and various investigations have been performed to link in vitro and in vivo radiobiological outcomes with the observed microdosimetric data. A review of the major models based on experimental microdosimetry, with a particular focus on ion beam therapy applications and an emphasis on the microdosimetric kinetic model (MKM), will be presented in this work, enlightening the advantages of each one in terms of accuracy, initial assumptions, and agreement with experimental data. The MKM has been used to predict different kinds of radiobiological quantities such as the relative biological effects for cell inactivation or the oxygen enhancement ratio. Recent developments of the MKM will be also presented, including new non-Poissonian correction approaches for high linear energy transfer radiation, the inclusion of partial repair effects for fractionation studies, and the extension of the model to account for non-targeted effects. We will also explore developments for improving the models by including track structure and the spatial damage correlation information, by using the full fluence spectrum and by better accounting for the energy-deposition fluctuations at the intra- and inter-cellular level.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

5. The FLUKA Monte Carlo simulation of the magnetic spectrometer of the FOOT experiment.

Author: Yunsheng Dong, Serena M. Valle, Giuseppe Battistoni, Ilaria Mattei, C. Finck, Vincenzo Patera, A. Alexandrov, B. Alpat, G. Ambrosi, S. Argirò, M. Barbanera, N. Bartosik, M. G. Bisogni, V. Boccia, F. Cavanna, P. Cerello, E. Ciarrocchi, A. De Gregorio, G. De Lellis, Antonio Di Crescenzo, B. Di Ruzza, M. Donetti, M. Durante, R. Faccini, V. Ferrero, E. Fiorina, M. Francesconi, M. Franchini, G. Franciosini, G. Galati, L. Galli, M. Ionica, A. Iuliano, K. Kanxheri, A. C. Kraan, C. La Tessa, A. Lauria, E. Lopez Torres, M. Magi, A. Manna, M. Marafini, M. Massa, C. Massimi, A. Mengarelli, A. Mereghetti, T. Minniti, A. Moggi, M. C. Montesi, M. C. Morone, M. Morrocchi, N. Pastrone, F. Peverini, F. Pennazio, C. Pisanti, P. Placidi, M. Pullia, L. Ramello, C. Reidel, R. Ridolfi, L. Sabatini, L. Salvi, C. Sanelli, A. Sarti, O. Sato, S. Savazzi, L. Scavarda, Angelo Schiavi, C. Schuy, E. Scifoni, L. Servoli, G. Silvestre, M. Sitta, R. Spighi, E. Spiriti, V. Tioukov, S. Tomassini, F. Tommasino, M. Toppi, A. Trigilio, G. Traini, G. Ubaldi, A. Valetti, M. Vanstalle, M. Villa, U. Weber, R. Zarrella, A. Zoccoli, and S. Muraro
Published: 2025
Full Text: View/download PDF

6. Investigation of in- and out-of-field radiation quality with microdosimetry and its impact on RBE in proton therapy

Author: M, Missiaggia, G, Cartechini, F, Tommasino, E, Scifoni, and C, La Tessa
Abstract: Using microdosimetry, we investigated the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) and quality factor (Q¯) variations in- and out-of-field as a function of radiation quality for clinical protons.we irradiated a water phantom with a Spread-Out-Bragg-Peak (SOBP) and acquired microdosimetric spectra at several distal and lateral depths with a Tissue Equivalent Proportional Counter. The measurements were used as inputs to the Microdosimetric Kinetic and Loncol models to determine the RBE spatial distribution and compared it to predictions from the LETThe data demonstrate that radiation quality changes more rapidly with depth than lateral distance from the SOBP. In-beam, yFurther investigation will be necessary to evaluate the quantitative impact of RBE variations on the treatment planning and assess the clinical consequences both in terms of tumor control and normal tissue toxicity. The achievement of this goal calls for accurate radiobiological data to validate the RBE models.
Published: 2022

7. FLASH Mechanisms Track (Oral Presentations) A MULTISCALE EXTENSION OF THE GENERALIZED STOCHASTIC MICRODOSIMETRIC MODEL (GSM2) TO DESCRIBE DYNAMICAL OXYGENATION AND FAST REACTION KINETICS FOR UNRAVELING THE FLASH EFFECT

Author: F.G. Cordoni, A. Attili, F. Tommasino, D. Boscolo, M. Fuss, C. La Tessa, and E. Scifoni
Subjects: Biophysics, General Physics and Astronomy, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, General Medicine
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

8. Spatial Dose Patterns Associated With Radiation Pneumonitis in a Randomized Trial Comparing Intensity-Modulated Photon Therapy With Passive Scattering Proton Therapy for Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Author: Laura Cella, Radhe Mohan, Marco Durante, Serena Monti, E. Scifoni, Stephen M. Hahn, Zhongxing Liao, Giuseppe Palma, Pei Yang, and Ting Xu
Subjects: Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, Lung Neoplasms, medicine.medical_treatment, Radiation Tolerance, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, law, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung, Statistical significance, Proton Therapy, medicine, Carcinoma, Humans, Scattering, Radiation, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Prospective Studies, Radiosensitivity, Lung cancer, Prospective cohort study, Lung, Proton therapy, Photons, Radiation, business.industry, Heart, Radiotherapy Dosage, medicine.disease, Radiation Pneumonitis, Radiation therapy, Oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated, Radiology, business
Abstract: Purpose Radiation pneumonitis (RP) is commonly associated with thoracic radiation therapy, and its incidence is related to dose and volume of the normal lung in the path of radiation. Our aim was to investigate dose patterns associated with RP in patients enrolled in a randomized trial of intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) versus passive scattering proton therapy (PSPT) for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Methods We analyzed 178 patients prospectively treated with PSPT or IMRT for non-small cell lung cancer to a prescribed dose of 66 or 74 Gy in conventional daily fractionation with concurrent chemotherapy. Forty patients (22%) developed clinically symptomatic RP. Voxel-based analysis of local dose differences was done with a nonparametric permutation test accounting for multiple comparisons. From the obtained 3-dimensional significance maps, we derived clusters of voxels that exhibited dose differences between groups at a statistical significance level of 0.05. Results The voxel-based analysis highlighted that (1) significant dose differences between patients with and without RP were found in the lower part of the lungs and in the heart and (2) the anatomic regions significantly spared by PSPT and the clusters in which doses were significantly correlated with RP development were disjoint. Conclusions The analyzed trial data provide an unprecedented opportunity to substantiate previous hypotheses regarding the role of the heart and the lower lungs in the development of RP. Knowledge of this relationship between RP and thoracic regional radiosensitivity should be considered in clinical practice and in the design of future trials.
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

9. The investigation of RBE-weighted dose and LETd distribution for skull base patients in proton therapy and correlation with observed necrosis regions

Author: M. Garbacz, M. Durante, J. Gajewski, R. Kopeć, N. Krah, P. Olko, V. Patera, I. Rinaldi, M. Rydygier, A. Schiavi, E. Scifoni, T. Skóra, F. Tommasino, and A. Ruciński
Subjects: Biophysics, General Physics and Astronomy, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, General Medicine
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

10. Interaction of therapeutic

Author: S, Colombi, M, Rovituso, E, Scifoni, C, Schuy, A, Eichhorn, M, Kraemer, M, Durante, and C, La Tessa
Subjects: Ions, Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted, Humans, Radiometry, Helium, Bone and Bones
Abstract: Carbon therapy is a promising treatment option for cancer. The physical and biological properties of carbon ions can theoretically allow for the delivery of curative doses to the tumor, while simultaneously limiting risks of toxicity to adjacent healthy structures. The treatment effectiveness can be further improved by decreasing the uncertainties stemming from several sources, including the modeling of tissue heterogeneity. Current treatment plans employ density-based conversion methods to translate patient-specific anatomy into a water system, where dose distribution is calculated. This approach neglects differences in nuclear interactions stemming from the elemental composition of each tissue. In this work, we investigated the interaction of therapeutic carbon ions with bone-like materials. The study concentrated on nuclear interactions and included attenuation curves of 200 and 400 AMeV beams in different types of bones, as well as kinetic energy spectra of all charged fragments produced up to 29 degrees from the beam direction. The comparison between measurements and calculations of the treatment planning system TRiP98 indicated that bone tissue causes less fragmentation of carbon ions than water. Overall, hydrogen and helium particles were found to be the most abundant species, while heavier fragments were mostly detected within 5 degrees from the beam direction. We also investigated how the presence of a soft tissue-bone interface could affect the depth-dose profile. The results revealed a dose spike in the transition region, that extended from the entry channel to the target volume. The findings of this work indicated that the tissue-to-water conversion method based only on density considerations can result in dose inaccuracies. Tissue heterogeneity regions containing bones can potentially produce dose spikes, whose magnitude will depend on the patient anatomy. Dose uncertainties can be decreased by modeling nuclear interactions directly in bones, without applying the tissue-to-water conversion.
Published: 2021

11. Generalized stochastic microdosimetric model: The main formulation

Author: F. Cordoni, Andrea Attili, E. Scifoni, C. La Tessa, M. Missiaggia, and Scott M. Welford
Subjects: Physics, Stochastic Processes, Stochastic modelling, Quantitative Biology::Tissues and Organs, Physics::Medical Physics, Monte Carlo method, Time evolution, FOS: Physical sciences, Probability density function, Probability and statistics, Models, Theoretical, 01 natural sciences, Article, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph), Physics - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability, 0103 physical sciences, Master equation, Probability distribution, Physics - Biological Physics, Statistical physics, Radiometry, 010306 general physics, Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an), Energy (signal processing)
Abstract: The present work introduces a rigorous stochastic model, called the generalized stochastic microdosimetric model (GSM^{2}), to describe biological damage induced by ionizing radiation. Starting from the microdosimetric spectra of energy deposition in tissue, we derive a master equation describing the time evolution of the probability density function of lethal and potentially lethal DNA damage induced by a given radiation to a cell nucleus. The resulting probability distribution is not required to satisfy any a priori conditions. After the initial assumption of instantaneous irradiation, we generalized the master equation to consider damage induced by a continuous dose delivery. In addition, spatial features and damage movement inside the nucleus have been taken into account. In doing so, we provide a general mathematical setting to fully describe the spatiotemporal damage formation and evolution in a cell nucleus. Finally, we provide numerical solutions of the master equation exploiting Monte Carlo simulations to validate the accuracy of GSM^{2}. Development of GSM^{2} can lead to improved modeling of radiation damage to both tumor and normal tissues, and thereby impact treatment regimens for better tumor control and reduced normal tissue toxicities.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

12. FLASH radiotherapy with carbon ion beams

Author: Marco Durante, E. Scifoni, Uli Weber, Weber, U. A., Scifoni, E., and Durante, M.
Subjects: Materials science, Carbon ion beam, medicine.medical_treatment, Radiation, FLASH, heavy ion therapy, Ion, Ionizing radiation, Flash (photography), scanning, dose rate, medicine, ddc:610, Ions, C-ion, Radiotherapy, business.industry, Radiobiology, Radiotherapy Dosage, General Medicine, Carbon, Charged particle, Radiation therapy, Radiation Oncology, Optoelectronics, Protons, business, Dose rate
Abstract: Medical physics 49(3), 1974 - 1992 (2022). doi:10.1002/mp.15135, Published by AAPM, College Park, Md.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

13. Charge identification of fragments with the emulsion spectrometer of the FOOT experiment

Author: Maria Ionica, Eleuterio Spiriti, P. Carra, N. Bartosik, L. Scavarda, Osamu Sato, Adele Lauria, G. Silvestre, Alberto Del Guerra, Giovanni Ambrosi, Valeri Tioukov, Maria Cristina Montesi, Maria Giuseppina Bisogni, Nadia Pastrone, Alberto Clozza, S. Savazzi, M. Pullia, Alessandra Pastore, Antonio Zoccoli, M. Vanstalle, A. Moggi, E. Bellinzona, V. Lante, Elisa Fiorina, Antonia Di Crescenzo, A. Secher, Ilaria Mattei, Stefano Argiro, Giovanni De Lellis, Antonio Iuliano, Giuliana Galati, Chiara La Tessa, V. Gentile, Gaia Franciosini, Matteo Morrocchi, Luciano Ramello, R. Ridolfi, Giacomo Traini, Silvia Muraro, M. Selvi, Francesco Pennazio, Marco Francesconi, Michela Marafini, Alessio Sarti, A.C. Kraan, Marco Durante, M. Toppi, Pisana Placidi, S. Colombi, F. Raffaelli, C. Finck, Andrey Alexandrov, Christoph Schuy, Valeria Rosso, Adalberto Sciubba, Keida Kanxheri, Behcet Alpat, Nicola Belcari, Leonello Servoli, Sandro Tomassini, Achim Stahl, Angelo Schiavi, Giancarlo Sportelli, Ulrich Weber, Benedetto Di Ruzza, Luca Galli, R. Spighi, E. Iarocci, Martina Laurenza, Roberto Zarrella, Graziano Bruni, Raul Arteche Diaz, S. M. Valle, Y. Dong, Veronica Ferrero, R. Hetzel, Riccardo Faccini, Ernesto Lopez Torres, Silvia Biondi, Giuseppe Battistoni, Mario Sitta, M. Fischetti, Micol De Simoni, E. Scifoni, M. C. Morone, Giuseppe Giraudo, Marco Donetti, Gabriella Sartorelli, Vincenzo Patera, Federica Murtas, Alberto Mengarelli, Francesco Tommasino, E. Fiandrini, Esther Ciarrocchi, Mauro Villa, Matteo Franchini, Piergiorgio Cerello, Cristian Massimi, C. Sanelli, Galati G., Alexandrov A., Alpat B., Ambrosi G., Argiro S., Diaz R.A., Bartosik N., Battistoni G., Belcari N., Bellinzona E., Biondi S., Bisogni M.G., Bruni G., Carra P., Cerello P., Ciarrocchi E., Clozza A., Colombi S., Guerra A.D., Simoni M.D., Di Crescenzo A., Ruzza B.D., Donetti M., Dong Y., Durante M., Faccini R., Ferrero V., Fiandrini E., Finck C., Fiorina E., Fischetti M., Francesconi M., Franchini M., Franciosini G., Galli L., Gentile V., Giraudo G., Hetzel R., Iarocci E., Ionica M., Iuliano A., Kanxheri K., Kraan A.C., Lante V., Tessa C.L., Laurenza M., Lauria A., Torres E.L., Marafini M., Massimi C., Mattei I., Mengarelli A., Moggi A., Montesi M.C., Morone M.C., Morrocchi M., Muraro S., Murtas F., Pastore A., Pastrone N., Patera V., Pennazio F., Placidi P., Pullia M., Raffaelli F., Ramello L., Ridolfi R., Rosso V., Sanelli C., Sarti A., Sartorelli G., Sato O., Savazzi S., Scavarda L., Schiavi A., Schuy C., Scifoni E., Sciubba A., Secher A., Selvi M., Servoli L., Silvestre G., Sitta M., Spighi R., Spiriti E., Sportelli G., Stahl A., Tioukov V., Tomassini S., Tommasino F., Toppi M., Traini G., Valle S.M., Vanstalle M., Villa M., Weber U., Zarrella R., Zoccoli A., De Lellis G., De Lellis, Giovanni, Di Crescenzo, Antonia, Montesi, Maria Cristina, Lauria, Adele, Iuliano, Antonio, and Durante, Marco
Subjects: Materials science, Spectrometer, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Physics, QC1-999, Settore FIS/07, Analytical chemistry, General Physics and Astronomy, Charge (physics), 01 natural sciences, Fragmentation (mass spectrometry), particle therapy, nuclear emulsion, fragmentation, 0103 physical sciences, Emulsion, ddc:530, Nuclear emulsion, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics
Abstract: Open physics 19(1), 383 - 394 (2021). doi:10.1515/phys-2021-0032, Published by de Gruyter, Berlin
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

14. FLASH Mechanisms Track (Oral Presentations) ADVANCED DOSIMETRY AND BIOPHYSICAL MODELING FOR PRECLINICAL FLASH RADIOTHERAPY

Author: A. Spinelli, C. Fiorino, M. Schwarz, F. Tommasino, E. Bellinzona, A. Del Vecchio, P. Mangili, Z. Shakarami, C. Deantoni, M. Cianchetti, A. Attili, R. Galli, A. Bisio, L. Perani, P. Simoniello, M. Fuss, J. Pawelke, J. Wong, M. Durante, and E. Scifoni
Subjects: Biophysics, General Physics and Astronomy, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, General Medicine
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

15. CURRENT STATUS OF THE TRAX-CHEM EXTENSION TO THE HOMOGENEOUS CHEMICAL STAGE

Author: G. Camazzola, D. Boscolo, E. Scifoni, M. Durante, M. Kraemer, and M. Fuss
Subjects: Biophysics, General Physics and Astronomy, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, General Medicine
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

16. CONDITIONS FOR RADICAL-RADICAL RECOMBINATIONS AT ULTRA-HIGH DOSE RATE FOR DIFFERENT LET AND PARTICLES

Author: M. Fuss, D. Boscolo, G. Camazzola, M. Durante, M. Kraemer, and E. Scifoni
Subjects: Biophysics, General Physics and Astronomy, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, General Medicine
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

17. THE FOOT EXPERIMENT: FRAGMENTATION MEASUREMENTS IN PARTICLE THERAPY

Author: E. Bellinzona, Nadia Pastrone, Alessandro Pastore, E. López Torres, M. Selvi, L. Alunni Solestizi, Pisana Placidi, E. Iarocci, F. Ferroni, Silvia Muraro, C. La Tessa, M. C. Morone, E. Spiriti, M. Ionica, P. Cerello, Y. Dong, R. Arteche Diaz, A. Zoccoli, A. Secher, Giuliana Galati, V. Lante, Elisa Fiorina, Christoph Schuy, M. De Simoni, M. Vanstalle, Luciano Ramello, K. Kanxheri, Stefano Argiro, S. M. Valle, M. Donetti, M. Garbini, A. C. Kraan, R. Ridolfi, Alberto Mengarelli, Marco Durante, N. Bartosik, A. Moggi, Valeria Rosso, M. Emde, Giacomo Traini, Angelo Schiavi, F. Raffaeli, Niccolò Camarlinghi, M. Pullia, M. Francesconi, G. De Lellis, L. Scavarda, M. Franchini, Mario Sitta, M. Villa, E. Fiandrini, M. Rovituso, Ilaria Mattei, R. Faccini, Alberto Clozza, S. Savazzi, Gabriella Sartorelli, Graziano Bruni, Matteo Morrocchi, Esther Ciarrocchi, Vincenzo Patera, A. Di Crescenzo, A. Sciubba, A. Del Guerra, G. Ambrosi, Valeri Tioukov, M. Fischetti, Veronica Ferrero, E. Scifoni, Francesco Pennazio, Livio Narici, Osamu Sato, Alessio Sarti, Adele Lauria, Francesco Tommasino, S. Colombi, Giancarlo Sportelli, M. G. Bisogni, A. Stahl, V. Gentile, S. Bianucci, R. Mirabelli, Leonello Servoli, U. Weber, Luca Galli, R. Spighi, Nicola Belcari, M. Marafini, A. Embriaco, C. Sanelli, S. Tommasini, C. Finck, Maria Cristina Montesi, P. Carra, G. Silvestre, A. Alexandrov, R. Hetzel, Silvia Biondi, Giuseppe Battistoni, Giuseppe Giraudo, A. Alexandrov, L. Alunni Solestizi, G. Ambrosi, S. Argirò, R. Arteche Diaz, N. Bartosik, G. Battistoni, N. Belcari, E. Bellinzona, S. Bianucci, S. Biondi, M. G. Bisogni, G. Bruni, N. Camarlinghi, P. Carra, P. Cerello, E. Ciarrocchi, A. Clozza, S. Colombi, G. De Lellis, A. Del Guerra, M. De Simoni, A. Di Crescenzo, M. Donetti, Y. Dong, M. Durante, A. Embriaco, M. Emde, R. Faccini, V. Ferrero, F. Ferroni, E. Fiandrini, C. Finck, E. Fiorina, M. Fischetti, M. Francesconi, M. Franchini, G. Galati, L. Galli, M. Garbini, V. Gentile, G. Giraudo, R. Hetzel, E. Iarocci, M. Ionica, K. Kanxheri, A. C. Kraan, V. Lante, A. Lauria, C. La Tessa, E. Lopez Torres, M. Marafini, I. Mattei, A. Mengarelli, R. Mirabelli, A. Moggi, M. C. Montesi, M. C. Morone, M. Morrocchi, S. Muraro, L. Narici, A. Pastore, N. Pastrone, V. Patera, F. Pennazio, P. Placidi, M. Pullia, F. Raffaeli, L. Ramello, R. Ridolfi, V. Rosso, M. Rovituso, C. Sanelli, A. Sarti, G. Sartorelli, O. Sato, S. Savazzi, L. Scavarda, A. Schiavi, C. Schuy, E. Scifoni, A. Sciubba, A. Sécher, M. Selvi, L. Servoli, G. Silvestre, M. Sitta, R. Spighi, E. Spiriti, G. Sportelli, A. Stahl, V. Tioukov, S. Tommasini, F. Tommasino, G. Traini, S. M. Valle, M. Vanstalle, M. Villa, U. Webe, A. Zoccoli, Alexandrov, A., Alunni Solestizi, L., Ambrosi, G., Argirò, S., Arteche Diaz, R., Bartosik, N., Battistoni, G., Belcari, N., Bellinzona, E., Bianucci, S., Biondi, S., Bisogni, M. G., Bruni, G., Camarlinghi, N., Carra, P., Cerello, P., Ciarrocchi, E., Clozza, A., Colombi, S., De Lellis, G., Del Guerra, A., De Simoni, M., Di Crescenzo, A., Donetti, M., Dong, Y., Durante, M., Embriaco, A., Emde, M., Faccini, R., Ferrero, V., Ferroni, F., Fiandrini, E., Finck, C., Fiorina, E., Fischetti, M., Francesconi, M., Franchini, M., Galati, G., Galli, L., Garbini, M., Gentile, V., Giraudo, G., Hetzel, R., Iarocci, E., Ionica, M., Kanxheri, K., Kraan, A. C., Lante, V., Lauria, A., La Tessa, C., Lopez Torres, E., Marafini, M., Mattei, I., Mengarelli, A., Mirabelli, R., Moggi, A., Montesi, M. C., Morone, M. C., Morrocchi, M., Muraro, S., Narici, L., Pastore, A., Pastrone, N., Patera, V., Pennazio, F., Placidi, P., Pullia, M., Raffaeli, F., Ramello, L., Ridolfi, R., Rosso, V., Rovituso, M., Sanelli, C., Sarti, A., Sartorelli, G., Sato, O., Savazzi, S., Scavarda, L., Schiavi, A., Schuy, C., Scifoni, E., Sciubba, A., Sécher, A., Selvi, M., Servoli, L., Silvestre, G., Sitta, M., Spighi, R., Spiriti, E., Sportelli, G., Stahl, A., Tioukov, V., Tommasini, S., Tommasino, F., Traini, G., Valle, S. M., Vanstalle, M., Villa, M., Weber, U., and Zoccoli, A.
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Particle therapy, Materials science, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, medicine.medical_treatment, Quantitative Biology::Tissues and Organs, Physics::Medical Physics, Media Technology, medicine, Fragmentation (computing), Nuclear Experiment, fragmentation, hadrotherapy, cross section, Settore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali, Ambientali, Biol.e Medicin)
Abstract: Charged Particle Therapy (CPT) is a powerful radiotherapy technique for the treatment of deep-seated tumours characterized by a large dose released in the Bragg peak area (corresponding to the tumour region) and a small dose delivered to the surrounding healthy tissues. The precise measurement of the fragments produced in the nuclear interactions of charged particle beams with patient tissues is a crucial task to improve the clinical treatment plans. The FOOT (FragmentatiOn Of Target) experiment is an international project, funded by the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), aimed to study the dose released by the tissues and particle beams fragmentation. The target (16O, 12C) fragmentation induced by 150-400 MeV/n proton beams will be studied via the inverse kinematic approach, where 16O and 12C therapeutic beams collide on graphite and hydrocarbon target to provide the cross section on Hydrogen. A table-top detector is being developed and it includes a drift chamber as a beam monitor upstream of the target to measure the beam direction, a magnetic spectrometer based on silicon pixel and strip detectors, a scintillating crystal calorimeter able to stop the heavier produced fragments, and a ΔE detector, with TOF capability, for the particle identification. A setup based on the concept of the “Emulsion Cloud Chamber”, coupled with the interaction region of the electronic FOOT setup, will complement the physics program by measuring lighter charged fragments to extend the angular acceptance up to about 70 degrees. In this work, the experimental design and the requirements of the FOOT experiment will be discussed and preliminary results on the emulsion spectrometer tests will be presented.
Published: 2019

18. Interaction of therapeutic 12C ions with bone-like targets: physical characterization and dosimetric effect at material interfaces

Author: M. Rovituso, E. Scifoni, Marco Durante, Anna Eichhorn, Michael Kraemer, S Colombi, C. La Tessa, and Christoph Schuy
Subjects: Work (thermodynamics), Materials science, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, Hydrogen, Attenuation, chemistry.chemical_element, Bone tissue, Molecular physics, Spectral line, Characterization (materials science), Ion, medicine.anatomical_structure, chemistry, medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Carbon
Abstract: Carbon therapy is a promising treatment option for cancer. The physical and biological properties of carbon ions can theoretically allow for the delivery of curative doses to the tumor, while simultaneously limiting risks of toxicity to adjacent healthy structures. The treatment effectiveness can be further improved by decreasing the uncertainties stemming from several sources, including the modeling of tissue heterogeneity. Current treatment plans employ density-based conversion methods to translate patient-specific anatomy into a water system, where dose distribution is calculated. This approach neglects differences in nuclear interactions stemming from the elemental composition of each tissue. In this work, we investigated the interaction of therapeutic carbon ions with bone-like materials. The study concentrated on nuclear interactions and included attenuation curves of 200 and 400 AMeV beams in different types of bones, as well as kinetic energy spectra of all charged fragments produced up to 29 degrees from the beam direction. The comparison between measurements and calculations of the treatment planning system TRiP98 indicated that bone tissue causes less fragmentation of carbon ions than water. Overall, hydrogen and helium particles were found to be the most abundant species, while heavier fragments were mostly detected within 5 degrees from the beam direction. We also investigated how the presence of a soft tissue-bone interface could affect the depth-dose profile. The results revealed a dose spike in the transition region, that extended from the entry channel to the target volume. The findings of this work indicated that the tissue-to-water conversion method based only on density considerations can result in dose inaccuracies. Tissue heterogeneity regions containing bones can potentially produce dose spikes, whose magnitude will depend on the patient anatomy. Dose uncertainties can be decreased by modeling nuclear interactions directly in bones, without applying the tissue-to-water conversion.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

19. Can We Assess Early DNA Damage at the Molecular Scale by Radiation Track Structure Simulations? A Tetranucleosome Scenario in Geant4-DNA

Author: E. Scifoni, Gianluca Lattanzi, Lorenzo Petrolli, and Francesco Tommasino
Subjects: tetranucleosome, DNA damage, Materials Science (miscellaneous), Monte Carlo method, ion beam irradiation, Biophysics, General Physics and Astronomy, Radiation, Tetranucleosome, PDB4DNA, DNA double strand breaks, Geant4-DNA, track structure, chromatin, Monte Carlo simulations, ion beam irradiation, 01 natural sciences, Monte Carlo simulations, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0103 physical sciences, Entropy (information theory), Nucleosome, Statistical physics, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, 010306 general physics, Mathematical Physics, Tetranucleosome, Physics, PDB4DNA, Geant4-DNA, DNA double strand breaks, computer.file_format, Protein Data Bank, Collision, lcsh:QC1-999, track structure, chemistry, chromatin, computer, lcsh:Physics, DNA
Abstract: Advanced track structure codes excel as state-of-the-art tools to low scale dosimetric models: the rational evolution for a cell-like scenario is detailed within a microsecond of an ion collision, that is the standard timescale for critical DNA modifications. The in vitro DNA double strand breaks (DSB) yield is matched indirectly by nanodosimetric track structure assessments. However, the score to specific DSB motifs (i.e. the yield associated to each DSB distance between DNA cuts) is mostly overlooked. In this work, we extend the PDB4DNA example of the Geant4-DNA toolkit, to briefly assess the hit and double strand break scores over a nucleosome tetramer framework (Protein Data Bank entry: 1zbb). We describe a critical scenario that biases the statistical significance for an event-by-event track structure assessment at the nanometric scale, based on a Shannon’s entropy estimate of the volumetric hit score; finally, we draw a tentative correlation between the mean DSB quality and a proton track features, and conclude that short-distanced DSBs by direct effect are favored within a Bragg peak-relevant energy range.
Published: 2020

20. Measurement of 12C Fragmentation Cross Sections on C, O, and H in the Energy Range of Interest for Particle Therapy Applications

Author: E. Spiriti, P. Cerello, G. De Lellis, Alberto Mengarelli, Angelo Schiavi, M. Francesconi, Nicola Belcari, L. Scavarda, E. Iarocci, F. Ferroni, C. La Tessa, Sandro Tomassini, Cristian Massimi, Giancarlo Sportelli, R. Ridolfi, Nadia Pastrone, A. Embriaco, P. Carra, M. Pullia, G. Silvestre, Silvia Muraro, Giacomo Traini, M. Marafini, M. Emde, S. Colombi, E. Catanzani, G. Ambrosi, A. Di Crescenzo, C. Sanelli, Francesco Tommasino, Francesco Pennazio, Y. Dong, Leonello Servoli, R. Mirabelli, M. Rovituso, Alberto Clozza, S. Savazzi, C. Schuy, Alessio Sarti, A. Del Guerra, Luca Galli, C. Finck, Matteo Franchini, E. Fiandrini, A. Alexandrov, S. M. Valle, M. Ionica, R. Hetzel, Sebastian Hild, Silvia Biondi, Giuseppe Battistoni, Esther Ciarrocchi, Valeria Rosso, Mario Sitta, Maria Cristina Montesi, R. Faccini, A. Stahl, Antonio Zoccoli, V. Lante, Elisa Fiorina, M. Vanstalle, Vincenzo Patera, A. Secher, A. Sciubba, M. Fischetti, M. De Simoni, E. Scifoni, N. Bartosik, Graziano Bruni, Luciano Ramello, M. Selvi, Stefano Argiro, M. C. Morone, A. C. Kraan, Niccolò Camarlinghi, Mauro Villa, L. Alunni Solestizi, K. Kanxheri, Ilaria Mattei, Matteo Morrocchi, V. Gentile, Veronica Ferrero, Osamu Sato, Adele Lauria, M. Donetti, M. Toppi, Pisana Placidi, R. Spighi, Maria Giuseppina Bisogni, Marco Durante, G. Sartorelli, Ulrich Weber, Alessandro Pastore, T. Valeri, E. Lopez Torres, L. Narici, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Perugia (INFN, Sezione di Perugia), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Politecnico di Torino = Polytechnic of Turin (Polito), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare [Pisa] (INFN), European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati (LNF), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Département d'Astrophysique, de physique des Particules, de physique Nucléaire et de l'Instrumentation Associée (DAPNIA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Département Recherches Subatomiques (DRS-IPHC), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Engineering, Università degli Studi di Ferrara (UniFE), Department of Materials [ETH Zürich] (D-MATL), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Biophysics Department [Darmstadt], Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research (GSI), Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università di Bologna, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna (INFN, Sezione di Bologna), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN)- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN)-Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), University of York [York, UK], Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Dipartimento di Energetica, Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications, Italy, Mattei, I., Bisogni, M. G., Bruni, G., Camarlinghi, N., Carra, P., Catanzani, E., Ciarrocchi, E., Cerello, P., Clozza, A., Colombi, S., De Lellis, G., Alexandrov, A., Del Guerra, A., De Simoni, M., Di Crescenzo, A., Donetti, M., Dong, Y., Durante, M., Embriaco, A., Emde, M., Faccini, R., Ferrero, V., Alunni Solestizi, L., Ferroni, F., Fiandrini, E., Finck, C., Fiorina, E., Fischetti, M., Francesconi, M., Franchini, M., Galli, L., Gentile, V., Hetzel, R., Ambrosi, G., Hild, S., Iarocci, E., Ionica, M., Kanxheri, K., Kraan, A. C., Lante, V., Lauria, A., La Tessa, C., Lopez Torres, E., Massimi, C., Argiro, S., Marafini, M., Mengarelli, A., Mirabelli, R., Montesi, M. C., Morone, M. C., Morrocchi, M., Muraro, S., Narici, L., Pastore, A., Pastrone, N., Bartosik, N., Patera, V., Pennazio, F., Placidi, P., Pullia, M., Ramello, L., Ridolfi, R., Rosso, V., Rovituso, M., Sanelli, C., Sartorelli, G., Battistoni, G., Sato, O., Savazzi, S., Scavarda, L., Schiavi, A., Schuy, C., Scifoni, E., Sciubba, A., Secher, A., Selvi, M., Servoli, L., Belcari, N., Silvestre, G., Sitta, M., Spighi, R., Spiriti, E., Sportelli, G., Stahl, A., Tomassini, S., Tommasino, F., Traini, G., Toppi, M., Biondi, S., Valeri, T., Valle, S. M., Vanstalle, M., Villa, M., Weber, U., Zoccoli, A., Sarti, A., Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Ferrara = University of Ferrara (UniFE), Dipartimento di Fisica [Bologna], Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), and Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA)
Subjects: Materials science, Proton, Radiation therapy clinical/preclinical evaluation/application studies, Analytical chemistry, Scintillator, scintillators radiation detector, Kinetic energy, 01 natural sciences, Particle identification, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Radiation therapy studie, 0103 physical sciences, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Range (particle radiation), Settore FIS/04, scintillators radiation detectors for medical applications, Settore FIS/07, Center (category theory), therapy imaging clinical/preclinical evaluation/application studies, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Charged particle, Deuterium, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-MED-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Medical Physics [physics.med-ph], therapy imaging
Abstract: In a carbon ion treatment the nuclear fragmentationof both target and beam projectiles impacts on the dose releasedon the tumor and on the surrounding healthy tissues. Carbon ionfragmentation occurring inside the patient body has to be stud-ied in order to take into account this contribution. These dataare also important for the development of the range monitoringtechniques with charged particles. The production of chargedfragments generated by carbon ion beams of 115-353 MeV/ukinetic energy impinging on carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen tar-gets has been measured at the CNAO particle therapy center(Pavia, Italy). The use of thin targets of graphite (C), PMMA(C2O5H8) and polyvinyl-toluene [plastic scintillator (PS), CbHa]allowed to measure fragments production cross sections, exploit-ing a time-of-flight (ToF) technique. PS detectors have been usedto perform the ToF measurements, while LYSO crystals havebeen used for the deposited energy measurement and to performparticle identification. Cross sections have been measured at 90◦and 60◦with respect to the beam direction. The measured pro-ton, deuteron, and triton differential production cross sectionson C, O, and H, obtained exploiting the target subtraction strat-egy, are presented here as a function of the fragment kineticenergy.
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

21. Modelling the risk of radiation induced alopecia in brain tumor patients treated with scanned proton beams

Author: Alberto Taffelli, Marco Durante, F. Fellin, Laura Cella, E. Scifoni, Vittoria D’Avino, Daniele Scartoni, Marco Schwarz, Dante Amelio, Maurizio Amichetti, Giuseppe Palma, and F. Tommasino
Subjects: Adult, Brain tumor, NTCP, Logistic regression, digestive system, Brain tumors, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Risk factor, Radiation treatment planning, Radiation Injuries, Proton therapy, Radiation-induced alopecia, Receiver operating characteristic, business.industry, Brain Neoplasms, Alopecia, Radiotherapy Dosage, Hematology, medicine.disease, medicine.anatomical_structure, Oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Scalp, Protons, Complication, business, Nuclear medicine
Abstract: Purpose To develop normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) models for radiation-induced alopecia (RIA) in brain tumor patients treated with proton therapy (PT). Methods and materials We analyzed 116 brain tumor adult patients undergoing scanning beam PT (median dose 54 GyRBE; range 36–72) for CTCAE v.4 grade 2 (G2) acute (≤90 days), late (>90 days) and permanent (>12 months) RIA. The relative dose-surface histogram (DSH) of the scalp was extracted and used for Lyman-Kutcher-Burman (LKB) modelling. Moreover, DSH metrics (Sx: the surface receiving ≥ X Gy, D2%: near maximum dose, Dmean: mean dose) and non-dosimetric variables were included in a multivariable logistic regression NTCP model. Model performances were evaluated by the cross-validated area under the receiver operator curve (ROC-AUC). Results Acute, late and permanent G2-RIA was observed in 52%, 35% and 19% of the patients, respectively. The LKB models showed a weak dose-surface effect (0.09 ≤ n ≤ 0.19) with relative steepness 0.29 ≤ m ≤ 0.56, and increasing tolerance dose values when moving from acute and late (22 and 24 GyRBE) to permanent RIA (44 GyRBE). Multivariable modelling selected S21Gy for acute and S25Gy, for late G2-RIA as the most predictive DSH factors. Younger age was selected as risk factor for acute G2-RIA while surgery as risk factor for late G2-RIA. D2% was the only variable selected for permanent G2-RIA. Both LKB and logistic models exhibited high predictive performances (ROC-AUCs range 0.86–0.90). Conclusion We derived NTCP models to predict G2-RIA after PT, providing a comprehensive modelling framework for acute, late and permanent occurrences that, once externally validated, could be exploited for individualized scalp sparing treatment planning strategies in brain tumor patients.
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

22. FOOT: a new experiment to measure nuclear fragmentation at intermediate energies

Author: M. Pullia, E. Iarocci, Nadia Pastrone, C. La Tessa, M. Emde, M. Rovituso, Alberto Clozza, C. Sanelli, M. C. Morone, A. Di Crescenzo, G. Ambrosi, L. Narici, Giancarlo Sportelli, Veronica Ferrero, Francesco Tommasino, Matteo Franchini, Maria Cristina Montesi, M. Ionica, Stefano Argiro, Niccolò Camarlinghi, R. Faccini, Mauro Villa, Gabriella Sartorelli, Antonio Zoccoli, L. Galli, M. Vanstalle, K. Kanxheri, Christoph Schuy, Esther Ciarrocchi, Vincenzo Patera, A. Sciubba, Marco Durante, Valeria Rosso, M. Selvi, Ilaria Mattei, M. Sitta, M. Garbini, Uli Weber, Matteo Morrocchi, Giacomo Traini, Marco Francesconi, Piergiorgio Cerello, Eleuterio Spiriti, Nicola Belcari, S. Brambilla, L. Ramello, R. Hetzel, C. Finck, Andrey Alexandrov, Silvia Biondi, Giuseppe Battistoni, Osamu Sato, Adele Lauria, M. Marafini, Giuseppe Giraudo, R. Mirabelli, R. Spighi, F. Ferroni, Silvia Muraro, Leonello Servoli, Achim Stahl, S. M. Valle, G. De Lellis, Graziano Bruni, Angelo Schiavi, Alessio Sarti, Maria Giuseppina Bisogni, E. Scifoni, Alessandra Pastore, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Valle, S.M., Alexandrov, A., Ambrosi, G., Argirò, S., Battistoni, G., Belcari, N., Biondi, S., Bisogni, M.G., Bruni, G., Brambilla, S., Camarlinghi, N., Cerello, P., Ciarrocchi, E., Clozza, A., De Lellis, G., Di Crescenzo, A., Durante, M., Emde, M., Faccini, R., Ferrero, V., Ferroni, F., Finck, C., Francesconi, M., Franchini, M., Galli, L., Garbini, M., Giraudo, G., Hetzel, R., Iarocci, E., Ionica, M., Kanxheri, K., Lauria, A., La Tessa, C., Marafini, M., Mattei, I., Mirabelli, R., Montesi, M.C., Morone, M.C., Morrocchi, M., Muraro, S., Narici, L., Pastore, A., Pastrone, N., Patera, V., Pullia, M., Ramello, L., Rosso, V., Rovituso, M., Sanelli, C., Sarti, A., Sartorelli, G., Sato, O., Schiavi, A., Schuy, C., Scifoni, E., Sciubba, A., Selvi, M., Servoli, L., Sitta, M., Spighi, R., Spiriti, E., Sportelli, G., Stahl, A., Tommasino, F., Traini, G., Vanstalle, M., Villa, M., Weber, U., Zoccoli, A., Valle, S. M., Bisogni, M. G., Montesi, M. C., and Morone, M. C.
Subjects: Materials science, Tracking detector, medicine.medical_treatment, Quantitative Biology::Tissues and Organs, Physics::Medical Physics, Bragg peak, Scintillator, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, Fragmentation (mass spectrometry), Hadrontherapy, 0103 physical sciences, medicine, lcsh:Science, lcsh:Science (General), 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Particle therapy, cross section, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Projectile, Settore FIS/04, Settore FIS/07, Nuclear fragmentation, Scintillating detectors, Charged particle, Time of flight, Physics::Accelerator Physics, lcsh:Q, Beam (structure), lcsh:Q1-390
Abstract: Summary: Charged particle therapy exploits proton or 12C beams to treat deep-seated solid tumors. Due to the advantageous characteristics of charged particles energy deposition in matter, the maximum of the dose is released to the tumor at the end of the beam range, in the Bragg peak region. However, the beam nuclear interactions with the patient tissues induces fragmentation both of projectile and target nuclei and needs to be carefully taken into account. In proton treatments, target fragmentation produces low energy, short range fragments along all the beam range, which deposit a non negligible dose in the entry channel. In 12C treatments the main concern is represented by long range fragments due to beam fragmentation that release their dose in the healthy tissues beyond the tumor. The FOOT experiment (FragmentatiOn Of Target) of INFN is designed to study these processes, in order to improve the nuclear fragmentation description in next generation Treatment Planning Systems and the treatment plans quality. Target (16O and 12C nuclei) fragmentation induced by –proton beams at therapeutic energies will be studied via an inverse kinematic approach, where 16O and 12C therapeutic beams impinge on graphite and hydrocarbon targets to provide the nuclear fragmentation cross section on hydrogen. Projectile fragmentation of 16O and 12C beams will be explored as well. The FOOT detector includes a magnetic spectrometer for the fragments momentum measurement, a plastic scintillator for ΔE and time of flight measurements and a crystal calorimeter to measure the fragments kinetic energy. These measurements will be combined in order to make an accurate fragment charge and isotopic identification. Keywords: Hadrontherapy, Nuclear fragmentation cross sections, Tracking detectors, Scintillating detectors
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

23. PO-1425: Secondary cancer risk in breast cancer patients treated with protons compared to 3D-CRT and VMAT

Author: L. Menegotti, E. Scifoni, Paolo Farace, G. Cartechini, F. Tommasino, Marco Schwarz, C. La Tessa, and F. Fracchiolla
Subjects: Oncology, Secondary cancer, medicine.medical_specialty, Breast cancer, business.industry, Internal medicine, medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Hematology, business, medicine.disease
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

24. Development and characterization of a ΔE-TOF detector prototype for the FOOT experiment

Author: R. Hetzel, Silvia Biondi, Giuseppe Battistoni, Alessandra Pastore, M. Pullia, Marco Francesconi, Giovanni De Lellis, M. C. Morone, Pisana Placidi, Giuseppe Giraudo, Mario Sitta, Alberto Mengarelli, Graziano Bruni, Nicola Belcari, Adalberto Sciubba, E. Fiandrini, Niccolò Camarlinghi, A.C. Kraan, S. Colombi, Esther Ciarrocchi, Maria Ionica, A. Embriaco, Eleuterio Spiriti, Nadia Pastrone, Livio Narici, N. Bartosik, Alberto Del Guerra, Christoph Schuy, Sebastian Hild, P. Carra, L. Scavarda, M. Selvi, V. Lante, Elisa Fiorina, G. Silvestre, Sandro Tomassini, Osamu Sato, Adele Lauria, Behcet Alpat, Stefano Argiro, Marco Durante, Valeria Rosso, Giancarlo Sportelli, M. G. Bisogni, F. Ferroni, M. Emde, Ulrich Weber, R. Mirabelli, Veronica Ferrero, Francesco Pennazio, Keida Kanxheri, G. Ambrosi, M. Garbini, Valeri Tioukov, Alessio Sarti, R. Ridolfi, Giacomo Traini, Leonello Servoli, Achim Stahl, M. Fischetti, Raul Arteche Diaz, Silvia Muraro, S. M. Valle, Antonia Di Crescenzo, Micol De Simoni, M. Rovituso, Chiara La Tessa, C. Finck, Matteo Bertazzoni, Andrey Alexandrov, Alberto Clozza, S. Savazzi, Y. Dong, E. Scifoni, V. Gentile, Ilaria Mattei, Marco Donetti, Gabriella Sartorelli, Matteo Morrocchi, M. Villa, Vincenzo Patera, Luciano Ramello, A. Schiavi, Roberto Spighi, Piergiorgio Cerello, L. Galli, C. Sanelli, Maria Cristina Montesi, Riccardo Faccini, M. Marafini, Ernesto Lopez Torres, Antonio Zoccoli, M. Vanstalle, Francesco Tommasino, Matteo Franchini, Morrocchi, Matteo, Ciarrocchi, Esther, Alexandrov, Andrey, Alpat, Behcet, Ambrosi, Giovanni, Argirò, Stefano, Arteche Diaz, Raul, Bartosik, Nazar, Battistoni, Giuseppe, Belcari, Nicola, Bertazzoni, Matteo, Biondi, Silvia, Bruni, Graziano, Camarlinghi, Niccolò, Carra, Pietro, Cerello, Piergiorgio, Clozza, Alberto, Colombi, Sofia, De Lellis, Giovanni, Del Guerra, Alberto, Simoni, Micol De, Crescenzo, Antonia Di, Donetti, Marco, Dong, Yunsheng, Durante, Marco, Embriaco, Alessia, Emde, Max, Faccini, Riccardo, Ferrero, Veronica, Ferroni, Fernando, Fiandrini, Emanuele, Finck, Christian, Fiorina, Elisa, Fischetti, Marta, Francesconi, Marco, Franchini, Matteo, Galli, Luca, Garbini, Marco, Gentile, Valerio, Giraudo, Giuseppe, Hetzel, Ronja, Hild, Sebastian, Ionica, Maria, Kanxheri, Keida, Kraan, Aafke Christine, Lante, Valeria, Lauria, Adele, La Tessa, Chiara, Lopez Torres, Ernesto, Marafini, Michela, Mattei, Ilaria, Mengarelli, Alberto, Mirabelli, Riccardo, Montesi, Maria Cristina, Morone, Maria Cristina, Muraro, Silvia, Narici, Livio, Pastore, Alessandra, Pastrone, Nadia, Patera, Vincenzo, Pennazio, Francesco, Placidi, Pisana, Pullia, Marco, Ramello, Luciano, Ridolfi, Riccardo, Rosso, Valeria, Rovituso, Marta, Sanelli, Claudio, Sarti, Alessio, Sartorelli, Gabriella, Sato, Osamu, Savazzi, Simone, Scavarda, Lorenzo, Schiavi, Angelo, Schuy, Christoph, Scifoni, Emanuele, Sciubba, Adalberto, Selvi, Marco, Servoli, Leonello, Silvestre, Gianluigi, Sitta, Mario, Spighi, Roberto, Spiriti, Eleuterio, Sportelli, Giancarlo, Stahl, Achim, Tomassini, Sandro, Tommasino, Francesco, Traini, Giacomo, Tioukov, Valeri, Valle, Serena Marta, Vanstalle, Marie, Villa, Mauro, Weber, Ulrich, Zoccoli, Antonio, Bisogni, Maria Giuseppina, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Milano (INFN), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Département de Radiobiologie, Hadronthérapie et Imagerie Moléculaire (DRHIM-IPHC), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik (MPQ), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Perugia (INFN, Sezione di Perugia), Department of Basic and Applied Sciences for Engineering, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], INFN Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare [Frascati], Dipartimento di Scienze di Base e Applicate per l'Ingegneria (SBAI), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Union Internationale des Transports Publics (UITP), and UITP
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Particle therapy, Particle detectors, Particle detectors Particle therapy Plastic scintillator Silicon photomultiplier, Scintillator, Silicon photomultiplier, Kinetic energy, 01 natural sciences, Ion, Settore FIS/04 - Fisica Nucleare e Subnucleare, Optics, 0103 physical sciences, Plastic scintillator, Instrumentation, Irradiation, 010306 general physics, Image resolution, Particle detectors, Particle therapy, Plastic scintillator, Silicon photomultiplier, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Detector, Settore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali, Ambientali, Biol.e Medicin), Time of flight, High Energy Physics::Experiment, business
Abstract: This paper describes the development and characterization of a Δ E-TOF detector composed of a plastic scintillator bar coupled at both ends to silicon photomultipliers. This detector is a prototype of a larger version which will be used in the FOOT (FragmentatiOn Of Target) experiment to identify the fragments produced by ion beams accelerated onto a hydrogen-enriched target. The final Δ E-TOF detector will be composed of two layers of plastic scintillator bars with orthogonal orientation and will measure, for each crossing fragment, the energy deposited in the plastic scintillator ( Δ E), the time of flight (TOF), and the coordinates of the interaction position in the scintillator. To meet the FOOT experimental requirements, the detector should have energy resolution of a few percents and time resolution of 70 ps, and it should allow to discriminate multiple fragments belonging to the same event. To evaluate the achievable performances, the detector prototype was irradiated with protons of kinetic energy in the 70–230 MeV range and interacting at several positions along the bar. The measured energy resolution σ Δ E ∕ Δ E was 6–14%, after subtracting the fluctuations of the deposited energy. A time resolution σ between 120 and 180 ps was obtained with respect to a trigger detector. A spatial resolution σ of 1.9 cm was obtained for protons interacting at the center of the bar.
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

25. Ion charge separation with new generation of nuclear emulsion films

Author: E. Bellinzona, Alberto Mengarelli, M. Villa, E. Fiandrini, F. Raffaelli, Y. Dong, M. Ionica, Esther Ciarrocchi, Marco Francesconi, Nadia Pastrone, Francesco Pennazio, P. Carra, R. Spighi, Alessio Sarti, Antonio Zoccoli, M. Pullia, F. Ferroni, Pisana Placidi, M. Vanstalle, G. Silvestre, M. Emde, C. La Tessa, S. Muraro, L. Narici, M. C. Morone, A.C. Kraan, Marco Durante, R. Arteche Diaz, A. Di Crescenzo, L. Alunni Solestizi, Valeria Rosso, A. Secher, Niccolò Camarlinghi, L. Ramello, Nicola Belcari, E. Iarocci, L. Galli, M. De Simoni, Riccardo Faccini, E. Lopez Torres, C. Finck, Mario Sitta, M. Rovituso, G. De Lellis, M. Marafini, Marco Donetti, Gabriella Sartorelli, V. Gentile, S. Bianucci, Vincenzo Patera, Alberto Clozza, S. Savazzi, M. Fischetti, C. Sanelli, S. M. Valle, A. Sciubba, Osamu Sato, Adele Lauria, E. Scifoni, A. Embriaco, M. Selvi, Ambrosi Giovanni, Maria Cristina Montesi, Francesco Tommasino, Matteo Franchini, Veronica Ferrero, S. Colombi, K. Kanxheri, Christoph Schuy, Uli Weber, Leonello Servoli, A. Alexandrov, Achim Stahl, Stefano Argiro, A. Moggi, R. Mirabelli, Ilaria Mattei, Matteo Morrocchi, M. Garbini, R. Ridolfi, Giacomo Traini, L. Scavarda, Eleuterio Spiriti, Piergiorgio Cerello, V. Lante, Elisa Fiorina, R. Hetzel, Alessandra Pastore, Silvia Biondi, Giuseppe Battistoni, A. Del Guerra, Giuseppe Giraudo, G. Galati, N. Bartosik, Valeri Tioukov, Graziano Bruni, Sandro Tomassini, Giancarlo Sportelli, M. G. Bisogni, A. Schiavi, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Montesi M.C., Lauria A., Alexandrov A., Solestizi L.A., Giovanni A., Argiro S., Diaz R.A., Bartosik N., Battistoni G., Belcari N., Bellinzona E., Bianucci S., Biondi S., Bisogni M.G., Bruni G., Camarlinghi N., Carra P., Cerello P., Ciarrocchi E., Clozza A., Colombi S., Guerra A.D., Simoni M.D., Crescenzo A.D., Donetti M., Dong Y., Durante M., Embriaco A., Emde M., Faccini R., Ferrero V., Ferroni F., Fiandrini E., Finck C., Fiorina E., Fischetti M., Francesconi M., Franchini M., Galati G., Galli L., Garbini M., Gentile V., Giraudo G., Hetzel R., Iarocci E., Ionica M., Kanxheri K., Kraan A.C., Lante V., Tessa C.L., Torres E.L., Marafini M., Mattei I., Mengarelli A., Mirabelli R., Moggi A., Morone M.C., Morrocchi M., Muraro S., Narici L., Pastore A., Pastrone N., Patera V., Pennazio F., Placidi P., Pullia M., Raffaelli F., Ramello L., Ridolfi R., Rosso V., Rovituso M., Sanelli C., Sarti A., Sartorelli G., Sato O., Savazzi S., Scavarda L., Schiavi A., Schuy C., Scifoni E., Sciubba A., Secher A., Selvi M., Servoli L., Silvestre G., Sitta M., Spighi R., Spiriti E., Sportelli G., Stahl A., Tioukov V., Tomassini S., Tommasino F., Traini G., Valle S.M., Vanstalle M., Villa M., Weber U., Zoccoli A., Lellis G.D., Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Montesi, M. C., Lauria, A., Alexandrov, A., Solestizi, L. Alunni, Giovanni, Ambrosi, Argirò, S., Diaz, R. Arteche, Bartosik, N., Battistoni, G., Belcari, N., Bellinzona, E., Bianucci, S., Biondi, S., Bisogni, M. G., Bruni, G., Camarlinghi, N., Carra, P., Cerello, P., Ciarrocchi, E., Clozza, A., Colombi, S., Guerra, A. Del, Simoni, M. De, Crescenzo, A. Di, Donetti, M., Dong, Y., Durante, M., Embriaco, A., Emde, M., Faccini, R., Ferrero, V., Ferroni, F., Fiandrini, E., Finck, C., Fiorina, E., Fischetti, M., Francesconi, M., Franchini, M., Galati, G., Galli, L., Garbini, M., Gentile, V., Giraudo, G., Hetzel, R., Iarocci, E., Ionica, M., Kanxheri, K., Kraan, A. C., Lante, V., Tessa, C. La, Torres, E. Lopez, Marafini, M., Mattei, I., Mengarelli, A., Mirabelli, R., Moggi, A., Morone, M. C., Morrocchi, M., Muraro, S., Narici, L., Pastore, A., Pastrone, N., Patera, V., Pennazio, F., Placidi, P., Pullia, M., Raffaelli, F., Ramello, L., Ridolfi, R., Rosso, V., Rovituso, M., Sanelli, C., Sarti, A., Sartorelli, G., Sato, O., Savazzi, S., Scavarda, L., Schiavi, A., Schuy, C., Scifoni, E., Sciubba, A., Sécher, A., Selvi, M., Servoli, L., Silvestre, G., Sitta, M., Spighi, R., Spiriti, E., Sportelli, G., Stahl, A., Tioukov, V., Tomassini, S., Tommasino, F., Traini, G., Valle, S. M., Vanstalle, M., Villa, M., Weber, U., Zoccoli, A., and Lellis, G. De
Subjects: Health Physics and Radiation Effects, Materials science, QC1-999, General Physics and Astronomy, 29.40.Rg, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Ion, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Charge identification, 0103 physical sciences, charged particles therapy, nuclear emulsions, Nuclear emulsion, ddc:530, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, 42.62.Be, Nuclear Experiment, [PHYS]Physics [physics], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Settore FIS/04, Physics, Settore FIS/07, Chemical physics
Abstract: In hadron therapy, the accelerated ions, interacting with the body of the patient, cause the fragmentation of both projectile and target nuclei. The fragments interact with the human tissues depositing energy both in the entrance channel and in the volume surrounding the tumor. The knowledge of the fragments features is crucial to determine the energy amount deposited in the human body, and - hence - the damage to the organs and to the tissues around the tumor target. The FOOT (FragmentatiOn Of Target) experiment aims at studying the fragmentation induced by the interaction of a proton beam (150-250 MeV/n) inside the human body. The FOOT detector includes an electronic setup for the identification of Z ≥ 3 fragments integrated with an emulsion spectrometer to measure Z ≤ 3 fragments. Charge identification by nuclear emulsions is based on the development of techniques of controlled fading of the particle tracks inside the nuclear emulsion, that extend the dynamical range of the films developed for the tracking of minimum ionising particles. The controlled fading strongly depends on temperature, relative humidity and treatment duration. In this study the performances in terms of charge separation of proton, helium and carbon particles, obtained on a batch of new emulsion films produced in Japan are reported.
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

26. STUDY for A PASSIVE SCATTERING LINE DEDICATED to RADIOBIOLOGY EXPERIMENTS at the TRENTO PROTON THERAPY CENTER

Author: P. Cirrone, C. La Tessa, Francesco Tommasino, E. Scifoni, Marco Durante, Stefano Lorentini, M. Rovituso, Marco Schwarz, Giada Petringa, Fabrizio Romano, Tommasino, F., Rovituso, M., Lorentini, S., La Tessa, C., Petringa, G., Cirrone, P., Romano, F., Scifoni, E., Schwarz, M., and Durante, M.
Subjects: Radiobiology, Proton, Quantitative Biology::Tissues and Organs, Physics::Medical Physics, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Nuclear physics, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Proton Therapy, Dosimetry, Scattering, Radiation, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Radiometry, Proton therapy, Range (particle radiation), Radiation, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, Detector, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, General Medicine, Equipment Design, Italy, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Facility Design and Construction, Electromagnetic shielding, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Beam (structure)
Abstract: The recent worldwide spread of Proton Therapy centers paves the way to new opportunities for basic and applied research related to the use of accelerated proton beams. Clinical centers make use of proton beam energies up to about 230 MeV. This represents an interesting energy range for a large spectrum of applications, including detector testing, radiation shielding and space research. Additionally, radiobiology research might benefit for a larger availability of proton beams, especially in those centers where a room dedicated to research activities also exists. Here, we describe the initial activities for the setup of a radiobiology irradiation facility at the Trento Proton Therapy Center. Data referring to the characterization of the beam in air are essential to that purpose and will be presented. A basic setup for large field irradiation will be also proposed, which is needed for the majority of in vitro and in vivo radiobiology experiments.
Published: 2019

27. Proton Therapy Treatment Plan Verification in CCB Krakow Using Fred Monte Carlo TPS Tool

Author: Antoni Rucinski, F. Tommasino, A. Skrzypek, E. Scifoni, G. Battistoni, Angelo Schiavi, Vincenzo Patera, M. Garbacz, Marco Durante, Nils Krah, Ilaria Rinaldi, J. Gajewski, Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Krakow, Poland, Politecnico di Torino = Polytechnic of Turin (Polito), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Imagerie Tomographique et Radiothérapie, Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitement de l'Image pour la Santé (CREATIS), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications, Italy, and AGH University of Science and Technology [Krakow, PL] (AGH UST)
Subjects: Computer science, business.industry, Nuclear engineering, Monte Carlo method, Cyclotron, GPU, Imaging phantom, Monte Carlo simulations, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Pencil (optics), law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, law, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, proton therapy, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-MED-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Medical Physics [physics.med-ph], treatment planning system, business, Radiation treatment planning, Proton therapy, Quality assurance, Beam (structure)
Abstract: International audience; Monte Carlo (MC) methods account for many details of the interactions of particles with human tissue in proton beam therapy. The accuracy and fast dose calculation time offered by GPU-accelerated MC treatment planning systems (TPS) pushed development of such tools to support experimental treatment plan verification in the clinical routine. The GPU-accelerated MC-TPS Fred (Schiavi et al, Phys Med Biol 62:7482, 2017, [4]; University of Rome) is currently investigated in Cyclotron Centre Bronowice (CCB) Krakow proton beam therapy centre (Poland) that is in clinical operation from October 2016. The Krakow proton centre physical beam model has been implemented in Fred and was validated against Eclipse TPS calculations and patient Quality Assurance (QA) measurements in water phantom. We analyzed depth-dose distributions of single proton pencil beams and dose cubes of varying range and modulation in water. We used the gamma index method as quantitative measure and obtained a good agreement between Fred and analytical TPS calculations. We have also found that Fred reach proton tracking rates over $$ 10^{6} $$ primaries per second. In the future, the proposed fast MC methods can help to reduce the time needed for experimental patient treatment plan verification measurements in water phantoms that are part of clinical routine procedures.
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

28. The Low-Dose Bath Paradox: Do Spatial Irradiation Patterns Play a Role in the Incidence of Radiation Pneumonitis Following PSPT or IMRT?

Author: Stephen M. Hahn, Laura Cella, E. Scifoni, Pei Yang, Serena Monti, Zhongxing Liao, Marco Durante, Ting Xu, Giuseppe Palma, and Radhe Mohan
Subjects: Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, Radiation, Oncology, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), Low dose, medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Radiology, Irradiation, business, Radiation Pneumonitis
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

29. EP-1884 Commissioning and clinical validation of FRED: Monte Carlo on GPU for proton beam therapy

Author: M. Pawlik-Niedzwiecka, Vincenzo Patera, A. Skrzypek, Antoni Rucinski, M. Garbacz, E. Scifoni, J. Gajewski, F. Tommasino, Marco Durante, B. Sas-Korczynska, Jakub Baran, K. Krzempek, G. Battistoni, Ilaria Rinaldi, Angelo Schiavi, and Nils Krah
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear physics, Oncology, Proton, Monte Carlo method, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Hematology, Beam (structure)
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

30. EP-1837 A new hybrid approach to allow robust Monte Carlo-based multi-field optimization in proton therapy

Author: Daniele Scartoni, Marco Cianchetti, Stefano Lorentini, Carlo Algranati, Marco Schwarz, R. Righetto, L. Widesott, Maurizio Amichetti, F. Fracchiolla, Francesco Dionisi, Paolo Farace, E. Scifoni, F. Tommasino, and Dante Amelio
Subjects: Oncology, Computer science, Monte Carlo method, Multi field, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Hematology, Hybrid approach, Proton therapy, Algorithm
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

31. OC-0613 Spatial dose patterns of radiation pneumonitis in lung cancer patients treated by photons or protons

Author: Giuseppe Palma, Radhe Mohan, Stephen M. Hahn, Serena Monti, Laura Cella, E. Scifoni, Marco Durante, Ting Xu, Zhongxing Liao, and Pei Yang
Subjects: Photon, Oncology, business.industry, Medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Hematology, business, Lung cancer, medicine.disease, Nuclear medicine, Radiation Pneumonitis
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

32. 48. Dosimetric predictors of radiation induced alopecia in brain tumours proton therapy

Author: F. Fellin, M. Amichetti, A. Taffelli, E. Scifoni, Francesco Tommasino, Marco Durante, Giuseppe Palma, Laura Cella, Dante Amelio, Vittoria D’Avino, and Marco Schwarz
Subjects: Scoring system, business.industry, Biophysics, General Physics and Astronomy, Radiation induced, General Medicine, medicine.anatomical_structure, Patient age, Median time, Scalp, medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, In patient, Nuclear medicine, business, Proton therapy
Abstract: Purpose Hair follicles are very sensitive to radiation, and radiation may induce temporary or permanent alopecia. Our aim was to determine dose predictors for radiation-induced alopecia (RIA) in patients treated with proton therapy (PT) for brain tumours (BT). Methods We evaluated 72 consecutive BT patients undergoing PT by pencil beam scanning at Trento Proton Therapy Center (median dose, 50.4 Gy; range, 36–72 Gy) in a study prospectively assessing acute and late RIA classified according to the CTCAE v.4 scoring system. Median patient age was 56 years (range, 30–84). Median follow-up was 5 months (range, 1–19). Results Acute Grade 2 RIA was found in 34 of 69 (49%) patients at a median time of 1.2 months (range, 0–2.3) from the end of PT; late Grade 2 RIA was found in 18 of 59 patients (31%) at a median time of 4.1 months (range, 3–19). Acute G2 RIA events were significantly correlated with late events (p p Conclusions We found a significant correlation between the occurrence of late G2 RIA and scalp RS20 in BT patients receiving PT. Further studies are needed to determine if the observed RIA is only temporary or permanent.
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

33. 216. Biological treatment planning with multiple ion beams

Author: E. Scifoni, Michael R. Kramer, O. Sokol, Marco Durante, and S. Hild
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Materials science, Ion beam, Biophysics, General Physics and Astronomy, General Medicine, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Ion, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, 0302 clinical medicine, Cell killing, Oxygen enhancement ratio, Relative biological effectiveness, Biological optimization, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Irradiation, Biological system, Radiation treatment planning
Abstract: Purpose To exploit the potential and different advantages of different ion beams when used at the same time, in a mixed irradiation, accounting for biological effects (relative biological effectiveness (RBE) and oxygen enhancement ratio (OER)) at an advanced level in inverse planning. Methods Firstly, a biologically oriented treatment planning system for particles (TRiP98) was upgraded with the possibility to perform “kill painting” [1] in hypoxic targets, i.e. restoring a uniform cell killing in the all over the target, accounting for the differently oxygenated regions. The code is further enabled to perform simultaneous biological optimization of multiple ion species (MIBO), especially tuned for cases of hypoxic tumors. Calculation on idealized geometries as well as on selected patient cases have been considered. Results A comparative assessment of treatment plans using different ion beams singly or in combinations has been performed. In particular, the use of oxygen beams appears to be more effective when used in combination with lower LET ions like He, rather than using only oxygen beams [2] ; improvements up to a 12% relative effect can be found, on the level of peak to entrance ratio for idealized geometries, as well as in critical organs sparing in test patient plans cases. Conclusions MIBO can provide in selected conditions an indication for an alternative treatment, where combination of different ions lead to better therapeutic ratio as compared to any of the single ion plans. The present approach has been proposed and accepted to be tested on in vitro phantoms at the MIT ion beam facility (Marburg, Germany) which provides different ions in a fast source switching mode. Download : Download high-res image (544KB) Download : Download full-size image
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

34. NTCP Models for Permanent Radiation Induced Alopecia in Brain Tumor Patients Treated with Scanned Proton Beams

Author: E. Scifoni, F. Fellin, Marco Durante, Vittoria D’Avino, F. Tommasino, Laura Cella, Daniele Scartoni, A. Taffelli, Maurizio Amichetti, Giuseppe Palma, Dante Amelio, and Marco Schwarz
Subjects: Cancer Research, Radiation, Oncology, Proton, business.industry, Brain tumor, Medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Radiation induced, business, medicine.disease, Nuclear medicine
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

35. DOSIMETRIA ESR CON ALANINA PER ADRONTERAPIA CON IONI CARBONIO

Author: GALLO, Salvatore, MARRALE, Maurizio, BRAI, Maria, CARLINO, Antonio, LONGO, Anna, PANZECA, Salvatore, M. Kramer, C. La Tessa, T. Lomax, E. Scifoni, M. Durante, S. Gallo, M. Marrale, M. Brai, A. Carlino, A. Longo, S. Panzeca, M. Kramer, C. La Tessa, T. Lomax, and E. Scifoni, M. Durante
Subjects: CARBON IONS, ESR, EPR, ALANINE, DOSIMETRY, LEM MODEL, SOBP, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, Settore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali, Ambientali, Biol.e Medicin)
Abstract: La sicurezza del paziente sottoposto a trattamenti terapeutici con radiazioni ionizzanti e il buon esito degli ultimi sono strettamente legati all’ottimizzazione delle procedure di esposizione alle radiazioni ionizzanti. In particolare è fondamentale arrecare il danno minore possibile ai tessuti sani che circondano la neoplasia da trattare. Rispetto ai campi di radiazione convenzionali utilizzati in radioterapia (fotoni), le particelle cariche pesanti (protoni e ioni carbonio) offrono diversi vantaggi quali la bassa dispersione laterale, l’alta efficacia biologica (RBE) nella regione del picco di Bragg ed un profilo di dose caratteristico in profondità del tutto differente da quello dei fotoni. Queste caratteristiche rendono particolarmente vantaggioso l’uso di queste particelle per il trattamento di tumori radio-resistenti localizzati vicino agli organi a rischio. Tra i rivelatori a stato solido usati in ambito dosimetrico, trovano largo utilizzo i dosimetri a Risonanza Elettronica di Spin (ESR) a base di alanina per le loro caratteristiche dosimetriche quali la tessuto-equivalenza per fotoni, la linearità di risposta alla dose in un ampio range, l’alta stabilità nel tempo del segnale radioindotto, la non distruttività della procedura di lettura, l’indipendenza dal dose-rate; inoltre non è richiesto alcun trattamento del campione prima della misura ESR e i dosimetri hanno un costo decisamente basso. Queste peculiarità, associate alla possibilità di riconoscere le varie componenti di un campo misto di radiazioni, rendono l'alanina un buon candidato per effettuare stime di dose durante l’uso di fasci di protoni e ioni carbonio. L'obiettivo principale del presente lavoro è quello di studiare la risposta di pellets di alanina analizzati tramite ESR irradiati con fasci di ioni carbonio utilizzati in ambito clinico. Nello specifico, per gli ioni carbonio sono stati condotti studi dosimetrici in acqua ed in presenza di disomogeneità del mezzo (come all'interfaccia osso-acqua) per simulare uno scenario quasi-clinico. Gli esperimenti sono stati condotti presso il Dipartimento di Biofisica del GSI Helmholtzzentrum in Germania utilizzando un fascio modulato attivamente usato per il trattamento di tumori in profondità. I risultati sperimentali sono stati modellizzati e confrontati con I dati del treatment plannig system (TPS).
Published: 2015

36. Fragmentation of 120 and 200 MeV u

Author: M, Rovituso, C, Schuy, U, Weber, S, Brons, M A, Cortés-Giraldo, C, La Tessa, E, Piasetzky, D, Izraeli, D, Schardt, M, Toppi, E, Scifoni, M, Krämer, and M, Durante
Subjects: Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted, Humans, Polymethyl Methacrylate, Water, Helium, Relative Biological Effectiveness, Synchrotrons
Abstract: Recently, the use of
Published: 2017

37. Modeling the Risk of Radiation Induced Alopecia in Brain Tumor Patients Treated with Active Beam Proton Therapy

Author: Laura Cella, Dante Amelio, F. Fellin, F. Tommasino, Marco Durante, Marco Schwarz, E. Scifoni, A. Taffelli, Daniele Scartoni, Vittoria D’Avino, Giuseppe Palma, and Maurizio Amichetti
Subjects: Cancer Research, Radiation, business.industry, Brain tumor, Radiation induced, medicine.disease, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, business, Nuclear medicine, Proton therapy, Beam (structure)
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

38. EP-1848: GPU-accelerated Monte Carlo TPS for treatment plan verification at CCB Krakow proton therapy centre

Author: Ilaria Rinaldi, A. Skrzypek, M. Garbacz, Marco Durante, J. Gajewski, E. Scifoni, Angelo Schiavi, G. Battistoni, Antoni Rucinski, F. Tommasino, Pawel Olko, Nils Krah, and Vincenzo Patera
Subjects: Oncology, Treatment plan, Computer science, Nuclear engineering, Monte Carlo method, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Hematology, Proton therapy
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

39. Dosimetria ESR con alanina per adronterapia per protoni e ioni carbonio

Author: CARLINO, Antonio, A,Bolsi, C,Goma, J,Hrbacek, M,Kramer, C,La Tessa, T,Lomax, E,Scifoni, M,Durante, GALLO, Salvatore, MARRALE, Maurizio, BRAI, Maria, LONGO, Anna, PANZECA, Salvatore, A,Carlino, S,Gallo, M,Marrale, M,Brai, A,Longo, S,Panzeca, A,Bolsi, C,Goma, J,Hrbacek, M,Kramer, C,La Tessa, T,Lomax, E,Scifoni, and M,Durante
Subjects: ESR, EPR, Dosimetria, Protoni, ioni carbonio, PSI, GSI, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, Settore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali, Ambientali, Biol.e Medicin)
Published: 2014

40. Helium and Oxygen beam models in TRiP98: implementation, treatment planning tests and experimental verification

Author: Thomas Friedrich, O. Sokol, Michael Scholz, M. Rovituso, Christoph Schuy, Michael Kramer, Rebecca Grün, Stephan Brons, Marco Durante, E. Scifoni, and Walter Tinganelli
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Materials science, Nuclear engineering, chemistry.chemical_element, Hematology, Oxygen, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Oncology, chemistry, Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Medical physics, Radiation treatment planning, Helium, Beam (structure)
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

41. A Multiscale Approach to the Physics of Radiation Damage

Author: E. Surdutovich, E. Scifoni, A. V. Solov’yov, Andrey Solov́yov, and Eugene Surdutovich
Subjects: Physics, business.industry, Quantitative Biology::Tissues and Organs, Physics::Medical Physics, Cancer therapy, Radiation damage, Aerospace engineering, Radiation protection, Atomic physics, business, Calculation methods
Abstract: A multiscale approach to the phenomena relevant to radiation damage as a result of irradiation of tissue with ions is overviewed. This approach is aimed at understanding the scenario of physical, chemical, and biological effects taking place after energetic ions deposit their energy in the tissue. A quantitative picture is very much desired for applications in ion‐beam cancer therapy and analysis of radiation safety in space. We present a brief history of our approach including the latest achievements and give an overlook for the future development of this method.
Published: 2009
Full Text: View/download PDF

42. A multi-scale approach to the physics of ion beam cancer therapy

Author: A. V. Solov’yov, E. Surdutovich, E. Scifoni, I. Mishustin, W. Greiner, Károly Tokési, and Béla Sulik
Subjects: Physics, Double strand, Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph), Ion beam, Scale (ratio), Cancer therapy, FOS: Physical sciences, Secondary electrons, Ion, Nuclear physics, Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph), Physics - Chemical Physics, Irradiation, Physics - Biological Physics
Abstract: We propose a multi-scale approach to understanding physics related to the ion/proton-beam cancer therapy and calculation of the probability of the DNA damage as a result of irradiation of patients with energetic (up to 430 MeV/u) ions. This approach is inclusive with respect to different scales starting from the long scale defined by the ion stopping followed by a smaller scale defined by secondary electrons and radicals ending with the shortest scale defined by interactions of secondaries with the DNA. We present calculations of the probabilities of single and double strand breaks of the DNA and suggest a way of further elaboration of such calculations., Comment: submitted to RADAM2008 proceedings. 8 pages,5 Figures, class files for AIP included
Published: 2008
Full Text: View/download PDF

43. EFFECTS OF IONIC CORES IN SMALL RARE GAS CLUSTERS: POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE CHARGES

Author: F. A. Gianturco, E. Scifoni, Francesco Sebastianelli, I. Pino, and C. di Paola
Subjects: Rare gas, Materials science, Chemical physics, Ionic bonding, Atomic physics
Published: 2004
Full Text: View/download PDF

44. Dynamical ionization of the He-4 trimer: A time-dependent modeling of its fragmentation

Author: M. Satta, E. Scifoni, and F. Gianturco
Subjects: Physics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters, Physics::Chemical Physics
Abstract: He-4 trimer 3D-photoionization has been studied using a new quantum time-dependent model based on a wavelet expansion of the time-dependent vibrational self-consistent-field equations. Dissociation probabilities and final vibrational populations of the fragment molecules, together with time-snapshots of the angular distributions during fragmentation, are analyzed. Special emphasis is given to the internal vibrational rearrangements occurring during the fragmentation process following the photoionization event. Our calculations found (He-2(+))* to be preferentially formed in one of its vibrationally excited states and also that the amount of (He-3(+))* surviving the fragmentation, is mostly left in vibrationally excited states involving its ionic part.
Published: 2003

45. 200 ADAPTIVE TREATMENT PLANNING WITH TRIP98

Author: Wilma Kraft-Weyrather, E. Scifoni, M. Kraemer, and Marco Durante
Subjects: Oncology, Computer science, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Operations management, Hematology, Radiation treatment planning
Published: 2012
Full Text: View/download PDF

46. 109: New challenges for biologically adapted ion beam treatment planning: single and multi-ion approaches

Author: Michael Kramer, Marco Durante, Ryoichi Hirayama, E. Scifoni, Walter Tinganelli, and Yoshiya Furusawa
Subjects: Materials science, Oncology, Ion beam, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Nanotechnology, Hematology, Radiation treatment planning, Ion
Published: 2014
Full Text: View/download PDF

47. EP-1459: Characterization of alanine electron paramagnetic resonance detector in clinical carbon ion and proton beams

Author: M. Kraemer, Maria Brai, Maurizio Marrale, A. Carlino, E. Scifoni, Marco Durante, T. Lomax, Anna Longo, Salvatore Panzeca, and Alessandra Bolsi
Subjects: Alanine, Carbon ion, Electron nuclear double resonance, Materials science, Proton, business.industry, Detector, Hematology, Characterization (materials science), law.invention, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Oncology, law, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Nuclear medicine, business, Electron paramagnetic resonance
Published: 2014
Full Text: View/download PDF

48. Dynamical ionization of the [sup 4]He trimer: A time-dependent modeling of its fragmentation

Author: F. A. Gianturco, E. Scifoni, and M. Satta
Subjects: Chemistry, Photodissociation, General Physics and Astronomy, Ionic bonding, Trimer, Photoionization, Dissociation (chemistry), Fragmentation (mass spectrometry), Ionization, Excited state, Physics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters, Physics::Chemical Physics, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Atomic physics
Abstract: 4He trimer 3D-photoionization has been studied using a new quantum time-dependent model based on a wavelet expansion of the time-dependent vibrational self-consistent-field equations. Dissociation probabilities and final vibrational populations of the fragment molecules, together with time-snapshots of the angular distributions during fragmentation, are analyzed. Special emphasis is given to the internal vibrational rearrangements occurring during the fragmentation process following the photoionization event. Our calculations found (He2+)* to be preferentially formed in one of its vibrationally excited states and also that the amount of (He3+)* surviving the fragmentation, is mostly left in vibrationally excited states involving its ionic part.
Published: 2003
Full Text: View/download PDF

49. Systematic quantification of nanoscopic dose enhancement of gold nanoparticles in ion beams.

Author: M C Fuss, D Boscolo, M Durante, E Scifoni, and M Krämer
Subjects: GOLD nanoparticles, ION bombardment, PARTICLE tracks (Nuclear physics), LINEAR energy transfer, ION beams, NANOPARTICLE size
Abstract: High-Z material nanoparticles are being studied as localized dose enhancers in radiotherapeutic applications. Here, the nano-scale physical dose enhancement of proton, carbon and oxygen ion beam radiation by gold nanoparticles was studied by means of Monte Carlo track structure simulation with the TRAX code. We present 2D distributions and radial profiles of the additional dose and the dose enhancement factor for two geometries which consider an isolated and a water-embedded nanoparticle, respectively. Different nanoparticle sizes (radius of 1.2–22 nm) were found to yield qualitatively different absolute and relative dose enhancement distributions and different maximum dose enhancement factors (up to 20). Whereas the smallest nanoparticles produced the highest local dose enhancement factor close to the metal, larger ones led to lower, more diffuse dose enhancement factors that contributed more at larger distances. Differential absorption effects inside the metal were found to be responsible for those characteristics. For the energy range 15–204 MeVu−1, also a mild trend with ion E/A, regardless of the ion species, was found for embedded nanoparticles. In analogy to the width of the ion track itself, slower ions increased the enhancement at the nanoparticle surface. In contrast, no dependence on linear energy transfer was encountered. For slower ions (3–10 MeVu−1), the enhancement effect began to break down over all distances. Finally, the significance of any indirect physical effect was excluded, giving important hints especially in view of the low probabilities (at realistic concentrations and fluences) of direct ion-NP-hits. The very localized nature of the physical dose enhancement found suggests a strong action upon targets closeby, but no relevant effect at cellular distances. When pondering different possible damage enhancement mechanisms of gold nanoparticles in the context of published in vitro and in vivo experimental results, biological pathways are likely to play the key role. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

50. Backscattered electron emission after proton impact on gold nanoparticles with and without polymer shell coating.

Author: F Hespeels, A C Heuskin, T Tabarrant, E Scifoni, M Kraemer, G Chêne, D Strivay, and S Lucas
Subjects: SECONDARY electron emission, ELECTRON emission, ELECTRON distribution, PROTONS, CARBON films, GOLD nanoparticles, PROTON beams
Abstract: This work aims at measuring experimentally proton induced secondary electron energy spectra after interaction with gold nano particles (GNPs) and polymer-coated GNPs. Backscattered electron energy spectra were collected over a 0 to 1000 eV energy range using a retarding field analyzer (RFA). This paper presents the spectra obtained for proton beam energies of 0.5 and 2 MeV and diameter 2.5 and 3.8 nm GNPs. The spectra were also measured for 3.8 nm GNPs after 5 and 10 MeV proton irradiations. GNPs were deposited on a 100 nm carbon film. Each experimental spectrum was compared with dedicated simulations based on existing numerical models used in the TRAX and Geant4 Monte Carlo codes. For 100 nm carbon target, good agreement between experimental, TRAX and Geant4 simulation results can be observed. For 3.8 nm GNPs, the TRAX simulations reproduce with good agreement the electron energy spectra produced after 0.5, 2, 5 and 10 MeV proton irradiations, while Geant4 spectra display a lower secondary electron yield at low energy (<600 eV) for all the studied energies. This underestimation can mostly be explained by the 790 eV threshold applied in the condensed history model used by Geant4 which impacts the secondary electron energy distribution. Results obtained for carbon and gold targets highlight the impact of the secondary electron production threshold for proton ionization process considered in condensed history models. The experimental results demonstrate that the single interaction approach used in TRAX is adapted to reproduce secondary electron emission from GNPs. On the other hand, the standard electron generation threshold implement in G4BetheBlochModel and G4BraggModel condensed-history models used in Geant4 is not adapted to reproduce low energy electron emission in gold targets. Finally, the results highlight that the GNP coating leads to a decrease of the electron yield and mostly affects low energy electrons (<500 eV) emitted from GNPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources

See catalog results

Searchworks

Select search scope, currently: Articles Catalog books, media & more in Jio Institute collections Articles journal articles & other e-resources

Search

Search Constraints

Refine your results

Search Limiters

Topic

Publication Year Range

Language

Publication Type

Journal

Region

Database

Publisher

123 results on '"E. Scifoni"'

Search Results

Catalog

Select search scope, currently: Articles

Catalog

books, media & more in Jio Institute collections

Articles

journal articles & other e-resources