Search

D-glycero-Pent-2-enono-1,4-lactone (trivial name: D-erythroascorbic acid) occurs in the phytopathogen, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary, where it has a potential role as precursor of oxalic acid. On Glc/yeast/malt medium, S. sclerotiorum produces only nominal amounts of D-erythroascorbic acid but even partial replacement of Glc by D-Ara increases production of erythroascorbic acid and oxalic acid. Use of D-[1-14C]-, -[3-14C]-, or -[6-14C]Glc and D-[5-3H]-, -[2-14C,5-3H]-, or -[UL-14C]Ara provide additional information on erythroascorbic acid biosynthesis and cleavage. The latter process resembles that obtained by peroxygenation of erythroascorbic acid in alkaline solution. An unknown erythroascorbic acid-like compound also occurs in both Glc- and Ara-based cultures.

L'A. presente une etude culturelle d'un genre musical japonais appelle shnuka : il s'agit de chansons populaires grivoises et de banquet qui sont classes dans le registre erotique et parfois pornographique. Au Japon, la chanson erotique est issue d'une longue et ancienne tradition mais connait aussi certains changements morphologiques et fonctionnels lies a la modernisation et a l'industrialisation de la societe japonaise. L'A. presente les formes musicales populaires les plus courantes, puis decrit la tradition shunka ou chant de printemps : il decrit le contexte culturel (chants de travail agricole, tradition orale, fonction communautaire de la chanson) dans lequel elle s'est developpee, le contexte des banquets et spectacles dans lesquels on chante ce genre musical, la structure musicale et les caracteristiques textuelles et poetiques, et enfin les changements et l'avenir de ce genre musical.

The methods by which the organisms causing feline cytauxzoonosis have been maintained in laboratory cats for 2.5 years are described. Passage of the parasite was accomplished by parenteral administration of fresh or deep frozen blood or ground tissue from infected moribund cats. The clinical disease produced experimentally by minimal doses fo inoculum resembled naturally occurring feline cytauzoonosis. The most frequently noted clinical signs included pyrexia, anorexia, dehydration, and depression. The experimentally induced illness was consistently fatal within 20 days. The domestic cat is believed to be an accidental or dead-end host of the infection in nature because of the short course of illness and the uniformly fatal outcome of the disease.

This paper is based on the results of a Federal Highway Administration study to reevaluate national highway travel forecasts in light of such factors as declining birth rates, possible saturation of vehicle ownership, and fuel constraints. Results indicate that highway travel is expected to increase at an annual compound rate of 2%/yr - 3%/yr to 1990 as compared to an average annual growth of 4.6% for the last 20 yr. The travel projections are based on anticipated increases in population, licensed drivers, vehicles, and personal income. Even with fairly severe constraints on fuel the travel projections appear reasonable, assuming continued increases in the fuel efficiency of the vehicle fleet using presently available technology. Although this was a national assessment, review and application of these analyses at the state and local level are encouraged.

Incorporation of ATP terminal phosphate into sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) occurs very rapidly on ice. Ca 2+ is a requirement and half-maximal activation is obtained in the presence of 1 × 10 −7 , m Ca 2+ . The activating Ca 2+ concentrations are identical for phosphate incorporation and ATPase, while excess Ca 2+ only inhibits ATPase. The rate of enzymatic degradation of the 32 P-membrane complex, in the presence of Mg 2+ , is comparable to that of ATP hydrolysis. Mg ++ accelerates the P- membrane complex turnover. The pH stability of the phosphorylated species is different in membranes denatured at acid pH (trichloroacetic acid), as opposed to membranes denatured at neutral pH (Salyrgan, acetone) and then exposed to various pH values. ATPase activity and steady-state levels of 32 P-membrane complex are reduced when SR is incubated in the presence of hydroxylamine. However, SR incubated with hydroxylamine in optimal conditions for formation of P-membrane complex, regains full activity after washings. This lack of permanent inactivation suggests that hydroxylamine does not form a stable hydroxamate at the active site. Degradation of trichloroacetic acid-treated 32 P-membrane complex is accelerated by hydroxylamine. On the other hand, 0 -( 14 C) methylhydroxylamine is bound by trichloroacetic acid-treated SR, independent of its previous incubation in the presence or in the absence of ATP. This indicates that the hydroxylamine effect may not be related to a specific reaction with an acylphosphate. Solubilization of 32 P-membrane complex with Triton X 100 at acid pH, and gel chromatography, yield phosphorylated particles with 60–80% of the original specific activity. On the other hand, particles solubilized with deoxycholate at neutral pH retain only traces of 32 P. A mechanism is proposed for SR ATPase, in which Ca 2+ binding to the membrane (a) occurs as a consequence of site modification induced by ATP binding, and (b) activates phosphoryl transfer and formation of a phosphorylated intermediate.