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Micropatterning crystalline materials with oriented pores is necessary for the fabrication of devices with anisotropic properties. Crystalline and porous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are ideal materials as their chemical and structural mutability enables precise tuning of functional properties for applications ranging from microelectronics to photonics. Herein, a patternable oriented MOF film is designed: by using a photomask under X-ray exposure, the MOF film decomposes in the irradiated areas, remaining intact in the unexposed regions. The MOF film acts simultaneously as a resist and as functional porous material. While the heteroepitaxial growth from aligned Cu(OH)2 nanobelts is used to deposit oriented MOF films, the sensitivity to radiation is achieved by integrating a brominated dicarboxylate ligand (Br2 BDC) into a copper-based MOF Cu2 L2 DABCO (DABCO = 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane; L = BDC/Br2 BDC). The lithographed samples act as diffraction gratings upon irradiation with a laser, thus confirming the quality of the extended MOF micropattern. Furthermore, the oriented MOF patterns are functionalized with fluorescent dyes. As a result, by rotating the polarization angle of the laser excitation, the alignment of the dye in the MOF is demonstrated. By controlling the functional response to light, this MOF patterning protocol can be used for the microfabrication of optical components for photonic devices. ispartof: ADVANCED MATERIALS vol:35 issue:25 ispartof: location:Germany status: published

Данная научная работа посвящена изучению некоторых особенностей деятельности адвоката в гражданском процессе. В работе будут рассмотрены основные аспекты деятельности адвоката в гражданском процессе, анализируются особенности правового регулирования данной деятельности, рассматриваются примеры практического применения норм гражданского процесса и адвокатской деятельности. Результаты данного исследования могут быть полезными для юристов, адвокатов, студентов и всех интересующихся данной темой.

Vapor-phase film deposition of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) would facilitate the integration of these materials into electronic devices. We studied the vapor-phase layer-by-layer deposition of zeolitic imidazolate framework 8 (ZIF-8) by consecutive, self-saturating reactions of diethyl zinc, water, and 2-methylimidazole on a substrate. Two approaches were compared: (1) Direct ZIF-8 "molecular layer deposition" (MLD), which enables a nanometer-resolution thickness control and employs only self-saturating reactions, resulting in smooth films that are crystalline as deposited, and (2) two-step ZIF-8 MLD, in which crystallization occurs during a postdeposition treatment with additional linker vapor. The latter approach resulted in a reduced deposition time and an improved MOF quality, i.e., increased crystallinity and probe molecule uptake, although the smoothness and thickness control were partially lost. Both approaches were developed in a modified atomic layer deposition reactor to ensure cleanroom compatibility.

Funding Information: This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under Marie Skłodowska-Curie Grant Agreement 765378 and from Academy of Finland (PREIN). V.R.-G. thanks the Research Foundation Flanders for a Junior Postdoctoral Fellowship (1263622N). The research leading to this result has been supported by the project CALIPSOplus under Grant Agreement 730872 from the EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation Horizon 2020. We acknowledge the use of the RawMatters Finland Infrastructure at Aalto University as well as Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste for providing access to its synchrotron radiation facilities (Proposal 20210538) and thank Luisa Barba and Nicola Demitri for assistance using beamline XRD1. We thank Prof. Roland Resel for assistance in using GIDVis software. Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society. Atomic/molecular layer deposition (ALD/MLD) allows for the direct gas-phase synthesis of crystalline metal-organic framework (MOF) thin films. Here, we show for the first time using krypton and methanol physisorption measurements that ALD/MLD-fabricated copper 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate (Cu-BDC) ultrathin films possess accessible porosity matching that of the corresponding bulk MOF.

Micropatterning crystalline materials with oriented pores is necessary for the fabrication of devices with anisotropic properties. Crystalline and porous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are ideal materials as their chemical and structural mutability enables precise tuning of functional properties for applications ranging from microelectronics to photonics. Herein, we design a patternable oriented MOF film: by using a photomask under X-ray exposure, the MOF film decomposes in the irradiated areas, remaining intact in the unexposed regions. The MOF film acts simultaneously as a resist and as functional porous material. While the heteroepitaxial growth from aligned Cu(OH)2 nanobelts is used to deposit oriented MOF films, the sensitivity to radiation is achieved by integrating a brominated dicarboxylic ligand (Br2BDC) into a copper-based MOF Cu2L2DABCO (L=BDC/Br2BDC). The lithographed samples act as a diffraction grating upon irradiation with a laser, thus confirming the quality of the extended MOF micropattern. Furthermore, the oriented MOF patterns are functionalized with fluorescent dyes. As a result, by rotating the polarization angle of the laser excitation, we demonstrate the alignment of the dye in the MOF. By controlling the functional response to light, this MOF patterning protocol could be used for the microfabrication of optical components for photonic devices.

Background. Quality of life (QL) is no less important question in modern oncohematology than longstanding survival rate and convalescence. Pediatric patients with lymphomas have high chances for recovery, that’s why it is important to provide a good QL during and after end of anti-cancer treatment. In Russia aspects of QL are not give up in pediatric oncohematology and used questionnaires are translated and poor adopted for our country.The study objective is to evaluate parameters of QL in pediatric patients with lymphomas and their parents during anti-cancer treatment and to assign abilities for improvement of QL.Materials and methods. From January 2018 to January 2020 fifty primary pediatric patients with lymphomas and fifty their parents were enrolled the study. All the patients were treated in the Chemotherapy Hemoblastoses Department No. 1 of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology Research Institute of N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology of the Ministry of Health of Russia. The analysis of QL parameters was performed by Scale “Life satisfaction” of E. Diener, psycho-emotional tension was assessed by questionnaire “Your filling healthy” (for parents), mental activity, motivation, emotional tonus, psychic tension and comfort were analyzed by L.A. Kurgansky and T.A. Nemchin method.Results. 50 % parents and 60 % of children with lymphomas had medium level of life satisfaction. High life satisfaction level was unusual for respondents of pediatric age (0 %) and parents (8 %). During anti-cancer treatment children had low mental activity (60 %), motivation (44 %) and emotional tonus (60 %). It should be noted that psychic tension level in 60 % of children also was low.Conclusion. Anti-cancer treatment, stay in hospital, changed habitual condition favour to decrease QL of patients and their parents, which resulting in low mental activity, embrace of the world around, emotional tonus, not enough life satisfaction. For QL improvement it is necessary to work with psychologists, teachers, social workers, performing of art therapy. A large amount of work should be done with persons closest to child and parents, with whom they will communicate after end of treatment.

The paper presents the results of studying the tractive resistance of the combined sowing section for no-till technology-based seeding. The sowing section consists of a slotting disk, an anchor colter, and a press wheel. To ensure the stability of the colter motion, the section has a parallelogram suspension and a balancing wheel with an adjustable vertical force acting on it, depending on the soil resistivity and the tilling depth. The sowing section ensures that the seeds are sown at a given depth in a moistened soil layer according to the agrotechnical requirements. Based on the theoretical studies, an analytical dependence was obtained, which allows for determining the tractive resistance of individual tools and the sowing section, depending on the design and operating parameters. The paper presents the results of the experimental studies on the dynamometer testing of the sowing section in laboratory conditions. To this end, an analog-digital measuring and computing complex and a software suite were used for the experimental data's post-experimental processing. Experimental dependences of the tractive resistance of individual tools and the sowing section, in general, were obtained, confirming the theoretical studies' correctness. The nominal tractive force of tractors was approximately determined, and the results of laboratory-field and field experiments with the sowing complex were presented.

A method has been developed for the synthesis of nanocrystalline NbB2 powder with an average particle size of 65 nm. The material has been prepared by reacting Nb and amorphous B powders (1 : 2 ratio) in Na2B4O7, KCl, and KBr ionic melts after pretreatment with hydrogen and activation in a high-energy planetary mill for 40 min. The synthesis process was run for 32 h at 800°C in argon at a pressure of 4 MPa. The results demonstrate that, independent of the composition and nature of the melt, the process yields NbB2 nanoparticles with hexagonal symmetry (sp. gr. P6/mmm) and unit-cell parameters a = 0.3100–0.3108 nm and c = 0.3278–0.3298 nm. The products of the oxidation of the NbB2 nanoparticles with atmospheric oxygen during heating to 1000°C and isothermal oxidation at 400, 450, 500, 550, and 600°C have been characterized by thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and IR frustrated total internal reflection spectroscopy. The rate constants for the oxidation of NbB2 nanoparticles at these temperatures have been determined to be 0.0013, 0.045, 0.47, 2.61, and 8.83 h–1, respectively. The oxidation onset temperature has been determined to be 310°C. The effective activation energy evaluated for the oxidation of NbB2 nanoparticles from the temperature dependence of rate constants is 220 ± 8 kJ/mol.

Journal of the American Chemical Society 145(1), 152 - 159 (2023). doi:10.1021/jacs.2c09007, Crystalline coordination polymers with high electrical conductivities and charge carrier mobilities might open new opportunities for electronic devices. However, current solvent-based synthesis methods hinder compatibility with microfabrication standards. Here, we describe a solvent-free chemical vapor deposition method to prepare high-quality films of the two-dimensional conjugated coordination polymer Cu-BHT (BHT = benzenehexanothiolate). This approach involves the conversion of a metal oxide precursor into Cu-BHT nanofilms with a controllable thickness (20–85 nm) and low roughness (, Published by ACS Publications, Washington, DC

A vapor-assisted synthesis method was developed for the metal-organic framework (MOF) HKUST-1 in both powder and film format. The use of a solvent template supplied from the vapor phase is essential to form the framework under these conditions. Chemical vapor deposition of HKUST-1 films (MOF-CVD) results in smooth films that show the expected adsorption behavior. Interestingly, the HKUST-1 films obtained this way show a (111) preferred crystallographic orientation.

Efficient methods to deposit thin layers of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are needed to integrate these microporous materials into microelectronics, sensing devices, and membranes. Herein, we report for the first time the direct aerosol jet printing of a MOF material. The ultramicroporous MOF [Ca(C4O4) (H2O)] (UTSA-280) was deposited from an aqueous precursor solution. In addition to blanket coatings, aerosol jet printing provides direct access to patterned coatings with a resolution of 100 μm via a digital, maskless approach. Moreover, by enabling spatial control over the layer thickness via the number of passes of the nozzle, this direct-write approach presents a more accessible alternative to advanced patterning techniques such as grayscale lithography.

The article provides an overview of domestic and foreign literary sources devoted to an urgent challenge in modern health care infectious morbidity. The extraordinary socio-economic importance of infectious diseases at the present stage throughout the world, including in the Russian Federation, based on their global spread and high economic losses associated with disability, treatment costs and anti-epidemic measures. In recent decades, the emergence of previously unknown new infectious diseases and the return of old infections, many of which pose a high epidemiological danger and are characterized by high mortality, have been noted. Among the significant reasons for the emergence of new infections, an increase in infectious diseases, changes in the nature of the course of known diseases, it is necessary to note such reasons as a change in a person's lifestyle and the introduction of new technologies. In Russia, a high incidence of acute respiratory infections is recorded annually. An increase in the incidence of acute intestinal infections of viral etiology and a decrease in the incidence of these diseases of bacterial etiology are noted. An urgent problem is the high level of morbidity and mortality from infection caused by the human immunodeficiency virus, as well as the incidence of chronic viral hepatitis and an increase in mortality from their unfavorable outcomes. Natural focal infections remain an important problem, among which hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and tick-borne infections occupy a significant place. The threat of the invasion of infections that cause emergencies in the field of sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population into the Russian Federation territory remains. Infectious diseases are becoming one of the leading causes of premature mortality in the working-age population. In 2020, the Russian Federation faced the pandemic of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19, which led to high morbidity and mortality. Thus, infectious diseases are an urgent problem for the Russian Federation at the present stage, necessitates the development of a targeted program to reduce morbidity and mortality from infectious diseases.

This article presents the results of using a simple closed screening questionnaire for oncopediatricians to identify mental disorders in children and adolescents with cancer. Long-term experience of monitoring underage patients suffering from cancer suggests that borderline mental disorders are widespread among these patients. Their diagnosis and therapy, which go beyond traditional specialized cancer care, require practitioners to have appropriate qualifications, which many pediatric oncologists do not have. To facilitate the selection of patients who need to consult a psychiatrist, oncopediatriciansare offered a simple screening questionnaire, which takes a minimum of time to complete, and which can be easily used when examining all patients under treatment.

An analysis of coronavirus infection in Russia and evaluation of different AVT regimens effectiveness.The study involved a retrospective analysis of 1082 patient records with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 in 17 regions of Russia. The number of men and women was equal, mean age 48.718.1 (median 50). Patients with moderate COVID-19 (85%) versus mild COVID-19 (15%) were characterized by higher age (median 54 vs 21 years; p0.001), higher body mass index (27.8 vs 23.4; p0.001), prevalence of chronic diseases (75.3% vs 8.5%; p0.001), including circulatory system diseases (37.8%). Moderate COVID-19 characterized higher intoxication (10.86.1 vs 4.22.7 days; p0.001) and catarrhal symptoms duration (10.25.4 vs 6.14.1 days; p0.001).During hospitalization 92% of the patients received AVT, 77% antibiotics, and 16% corticosteroids. Umifenovir therapy resulted in a significant reduction of intoxication (8.75.5 vs 11.75.5 days; p0.001) and catarrhal symptoms duration (8.85.1 vs 12.04.9 days; p0.001) compared to the group without AVT. The usage of INF reduced intoxication symptoms compared with the group without AVT (8.97.5 vs 11.75.5; p0.05). Therapy with hydroxychloroquine, imidazolylethanamide pentandioic acid, and lopinavir + ritonavir combination did not affect the course of COVID-19. Most of adverse reactions were related to antibiotics.Umifenovir therapy and inclusion of interferon in AVT regimens was associated improvement in the clinical manifestation of the disease among patients.Обоснование. В течение 2020 г. в Российской Федерации был рекомендован к применению ряд этиотропных препаратов, однако вопрос противовирусной терапии (ПВТ) COVID-19 остается открытым. Цель. Фармакоэпидемиологический анализ коронавирусной инфекции COVID-19 на территории РФ с февраля по ноябрь 2020 г. и оценка эффективности разных схем ПВТ. Материалы и методы. Анализируемая популяция включала 1082 пациента с лабораторно подтвержденным диагнозом COVID-19, проходивших стационарное лечение в лечебных учреждениях в 17 регионах РФ. Средний возраст составил 48,718,1 года (медиана возраста 50 лет), равное число мужчин и женщин. Среднетяжелая форма COVID-19 (85% пациентов) по сравнению с легкой (15%) характеризовалась большим возрастом пациентов (медиана возраста 54 vs 21 год; p0,001), индексом массы тела (27,8 vs 23,4; p0,001), частотой хронических заболеваний в анамнезе (75,3% vs 8,5%; p0,001), в основном заболевания системы кровообращения (37,8%). Клиническая картина среднетяжелой формы COVID-19 отличалась более длительной продолжительностью симптомов интоксикации (10,86,1 vs 4,22,7 дня; p0,001), катаральных симптомов (10,25,4 vs 6,14,1 дня; p0,001). Результаты. Во время лечения в стационаре 92% пациентов получали ПВТ, 77% антибактериальные препараты, 16% кортикостероиды (дексаметазон). Терапия умифеновиром приводила к значимому снижению продолжительности интоксикационного (8,75,5 vs 11,75,5 дня; p0,001) и катарального (8,85,1 vs 12,04,9 дня; p0,001) синдромов в сравнении с группой без ПВТ. Применение интерферона снижало продолжительность симптомов интоксикации в сравнении с группой без ПВТ (8,97,5 vs 11,75,5 дня; p0,05). Терапия гидроксихлорохином, имидазолилэтанамид пентандиовой кислотой и комбинацией лопинавир + ритонавир не влияла на течение COVID-19. Нежелательные реакции в основном были связаны с приемом антибиотиков. Заключение. Умифеновир снижал продолжительность интоксикационных и катаральных симптомов. Включение интерферона в схемы ПВТ также приводит к улучшению клинической картины.

Energy‐efficient indoors temperature and humidity control can be realised by using the reversible adsorption and desorption of water in porous materials. Stable microporous aluminium‐based metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) present promising water sorption properties for this goal. The development of synthesis routes that make use of available and affordable building blocks and avoid the use of organic solvents is crucial to advance this field. In this work, two scalable synthesis routes under mild reaction conditions were developed for aluminium‐based MOFs: (1) in aqueous solutions using a continuous‐flow reactor and (2) through the vapour‐assisted conversion of solid precursors. Fumaric acid, its methylated analogue mesaconic acid, as well as mixtures of the two were used as linkers to obtain polymorph materials with tuneable water sorption properties. The synthesis conditions determine the crystal structure and either the MIL‐53 or MIL‐68 type structure with square‐grid or kagome‐grid topology, respectively, is formed. Fine‐tuning resulted in new MOF materials thus far inaccessible through conventional synthesis routes. Furthermore, by varying the linker ratio, the water sorption properties can be continuously adjusted while retaining the sigmoidal isotherm shape advantageous for heat transformation and room climatisation applications., Going with the flow: A collection of microporous aluminium fumarate‐mesaconate metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are prepared by using an aqueous flow reactor and vapour‐assisted synthesis. The materials have a variable and, for some, previously unreported crystal structure, and their tuneable water sorption properties depend on the preparation method and linker content.

Nano- and microcrystalline ZrB2 powders have been studied by high-temperature X-ray diffraction in the temperature range 300–1400 K, and their unit-cell parameters have been measured as functions of temperature. The thermal expansion coefficient (TEC) of ZrB2 has been shown to be a linear function of temperature, and its thermal expansion has been shown to be anisotropic: in the temperature range 300–600 K, both the micro- and nanocrystalline ZrB2 powders have anisotropic thermal expansion, with αa < αc. Above 640 K, the a-axis TEC of ZrB2 exceeds its c-axis TEC. The thermal expansion of the nanocrystalline ZrB2 powder has been shown to be considerably smaller than that of the microcrystalline ZrB2. The anomalously small thermal expansion of the nanocrystalline ZrB2 is tentatively attributed to the effect of a boric anhydride layer on the surface of the nanoparticles.

To study the contribution of polymorphic variants of antioxidant system enzyme genes to the susceptibility to chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and to elicit their associative relationships with a clinical course of the disease. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of antioxidant enzymes genes, superoxide dismutase SOD2 (rs4880, C47T), and catalase CAT (rs1001179, G262A) were studied in 100 patients with CHC, 86 “anti-HCV carriers,” and 64 healthy individuals. The study involved a genomic DNA analysis with the use the diagnostic kit “SNP Screen.” DNA was extracted from samples collected from the cheek epithelium. There was a statistically significant relationship between CAT SNPs (rs1001179, G262A) and a high risk of chronic hepatitis C. It has been found that the presence of the CAT gene (G262A) G allele increases the susceptibility to chronic hepatitis C. Patients with the CAT SNP (G262A) G allele (GG and GA genotypes) had significantly higher ALT levels than those with the A allele (AA genotype). The study has demonstrated that CHC patients with the CAT SNP (G262A) G allele (G/G G/A genotype) had a significantly higher risk of liver fibrosis progression as compared with those with the A/A genotype. Thus, with hepatitis C virus infection, polymorphic variants of CAT genes (G262A) are risk factors for the development of chronic hepatitis C and affect a clinical course of the disease, including the development of hepatic cytolysis, and as a result, the formation of liver fibrosis. The roles of genes polymorphisms coding for the anti-oxidant enzyme which play a role in the development of CHC were evaluated. The G/A genotype of CAT SNP (rs1001179, G262A) is a genetic risk factor for the development of chronic hepatitis C, with the G/G genotype of CAT SNP (rs1001179, G262A) being a risk factor for liver fibrosis.

We present the results of observations of two powerful limb solar flares which occured on 17 July 1981 and 14 July 2005. Spectral observations of these flares were carried out with the Echelle spectrograph of the Horizontal Solar Telescope of the Astronomical Observatory of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. In order to measure the magnetic fields in these flares, I ± V profiles of К СаІІ, HeI 4471.5 and Нα lines were studied. It was found that effective (averaged) magnetic field Вeff in the flares reached 1100–3000 G on heights 2–14 Mm. However, the spectral evidences to yet stronger fields of ~ 104 G range were found. In particular, the weak spectral evidences of large Zeeman splitting were found in first flare by HeI 4471.5 line; this evidences corresponds to superstrong magnetic field of 15.5 kG. In the second flare, Нα line has non-parallelism of bisectors of I ± V profiles which can reflect existence of 1550–3000 G fields in the flare. However, in frame of simple two-component model these observed values can correspond to true local (amplitude) magnetic fields Вmax in range 4.65–18 kG. Apparently, such superstrong magnetic fields arise in structures of a force-free type, with strong twisting of the field lines. It is precisely such field values that are necessary in solar flares for energy reasons. Indeed, solar flares emit energy in the range of 1027-1032 erg in a volume of the order of 1027 cm3. Elementary calculations show that in order to provide such energy in such a volume, the magnetic field strength should be at least 103 G. In addition, if we take into account that solar magnetic fields have the sub-telescopic (spatially unresolved) structure, then the local magnetic field intensities in the flares at the coronal level can be expected even higher.

Close to spherical nanosized niobium diboride particles with an average diameter of 65 nm were synthesized by the reaction of amorphous boron with niobium powder at 1073 K in an argon atmosphere in KCl and Na2B4O7 ionic melts (autoclave, argon pressure of 4 MPa, 32 h).

Chemical vapor deposition of metal-organic frameworks (MOF-CVD) will facilitate the integration of porous and crystalline coatings in electronic devices. In the two-step MOF-CVD process, a precursor layer is first deposited and subsequently converted to a MOF through exposure to linker vapor. We herein report the impact of different metal oxide and metalcone layers as precursors for zeolitic imidazolate framework ZIF-8 films. ispartof: DALTON TRANSACTIONS vol:50 issue:20 pages:6784-6788 ispartof: location:England status: published

—Confocal microscopy and colocalization analysis using Pearson correlation coefficients were used to show that esterified chlorin e6 derivatives and their liposomal forms are mainly localized in the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complexes, cell mitochondria, and levels of their localization in lysosomes are low. Cellular uptake and accumulation kinetics of chlorin e6 derivatives were strongly depended on the type of pharmacological formulation used for photosesitizers administration, while intracellular localization was independent on the formulation. Differences in the photodynamic activity and sensitization mechanisms for chlorin e6 derivatives and their liposomal forms were shown when compared to those of chlorin e6 photosensitizers in K562 cells. It is assumed that the observed differences in the mechanisms of cellular damage are to a greater extent due to specific photosensitizer localization.

Reaction between vanadium and boron powders in the stoichiometric ratio 1 : 2 at a temperature of 800°C, argon pressure of 4 MPa, and reaction time of 32 h in Na2B4O7 and KCl ionic melts has been studied by X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, frustrated total internal reflection IR spectroscopy, thermal analysis, and elemental analysis. The results demonstrate that, independent of the composition and nature of the melts, the reaction yields phase-pure vanadium diboride nanoparticles with an average diameter near 90 nm.