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The boronization of Ti-6A1-4V Eli alloy was prepared by powder pack method. As a result of the boronizing process, the boride coating was presented as titanium boride (TiB) with a coating thickness about 2-9 /spl mu/m. Furthermore, the microhardness of the boron coating was about 500-800 HK. The microstructure of the coating was also observed by the optical microscope.

The effect of copper ions on the blood coagulation time was determined. In the experiment that was performed in vitro, there were three different aliquots for each blood sample. The three aliquots were composed of the control, 0.05 mM CuSO/sub 4/, and 0.1 mM CuSO/sub 4/. Thirty two microliters of 0.1 M CaCl/sub 2/ was then added to each aliquot to initiate blood coagulation. When the copper ion concentration was increased, there was a significant increase in blood coagulation time.

Whether copper sulfate affects the sedimentation rate of erythrocytes in blood was investigated. We performed the experiment by placing by 1ml of blood in plastic vials. After that, we added 10/spl mu/l of 1% CuSO/sub 4/ solution to an aliquot. Then, we put 10/spl mu/l of 5% of CuSO/sub 4/ to 1ml of the same blood into different vial. Following this procedure, we incubated the blood with the various concentrations of CuSO/sub 4/ to 37 degrees Celcius for ten minutes. Then, we determined the sedimentation rates of the red blood cells (RBCs) for the control, the blood that contained .001% of CuSO/sub 4/, and the blood that contained .005% of CuSO/sub 4/. We repeated this experiment with fourteen (n=14) different samples of blood. The results indicate that there was a statistical significance (P