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11 results on '"E. García-Ortega"'

1. Daytime identification of summer hailstorm cells from MSG data

Author

A. Merino, L. López, J. L. Sánchez, E. García-Ortega, E. Cattani, and V. Levizzani

Subjects
Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, TD1-1066, Geography. Anthropology. Recreation, Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract

Identifying deep convection is of paramount importance, as it may be associated with extreme weather phenomena that have significant impact on the environment, property and populations. A new method, the hail detection tool (HDT), is described for identifying hail-bearing storms using multispectral Meteosat Second Generation (MSG) data. HDT was conceived as a two-phase method, in which the first step is the convective mask (CM) algorithm devised for detection of deep convection, and the second a hail mask algorithm (HM) for the identification of hail-bearing clouds among cumulonimbus systems detected by CM. Both CM and HM are based on logistic regression models trained with multispectral MSG data sets comprised of summer convective events in the middle Ebro Valley (Spain) between 2006 and 2010, and detected by the RGB (red-green-blue) visualization technique (CM) or C-band weather radar system of the University of León. By means of the logistic regression approach, the probability of identifying a cumulonimbus event with CM or a hail event with HM are computed by exploiting a proper selection of MSG wavelengths or their combination. A number of cloud physical properties (liquid water path, optical thickness and effective cloud drop radius) were used to physically interpret results of statistical models from a meteorological perspective, using a method based on these "ingredients". Finally, the HDT was applied to a new validation sample consisting of events during summer 2011. The overall probability of detection was 76.9 % and the false alarm ratio 16.7 %.

Published
2014
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2. Synoptic patterns associated with wildfires caused by lightning in Castile and Leon, Spain

Author

E. García-Ortega, M. T. Trobajo, L. López, and J. L. Sánchez

Subjects
Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, TD1-1066, Geography. Anthropology. Recreation, Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract

The Iberian Peninsula presents the highest number of wildfires in Europe. In the NW of Spain in particular, wildfires are the natural risk with the greatest economic impact in this region. Wildfires caused by lightning are closely related to the triggering of convective phenomena. The prediction of thunderstorms is a very complex task because these weather events have a local character and are highly dependent on mesoscale atmospheric conditions. The development of convective storms is directly linked to the existence of a synoptic environment favoring convection. The aim of this study is to classify the atmospheric patterns that provide favorable environments for the occurrence of wildfires caused by lightning in the region of Castile and Leon, Spain. The database used for the study contains 376 wildfire days from the period 1987–2006. NCEP data reanalysis has been used. The atmospheric fields used to characterise each day were: geopotential heights and temperatures at 500 hPa and 850 hPa, relative humidity and the horizontal wind at 850 hPa. A Principal Component Analysis in T-mode followed by a Cluster Analysis resulted in a classification of wildfire days into five clusters. The characteristics of these clusters were analysed and described, focusing particularly on the study of those wildfire days in which more than one wildfire was detected. In these cases the main feature observed was the intensification of the disturbance typical of the cluster to which the wildfire belongs.

Published
2011
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3. Study of 11 September 2004 hailstorm event using radar identification of 2-D systems and 3-D cells

Author

M. Ceperuelo, M. C. Llasat, L. López, E. García-Ortega, and J. L. Sánchez

Subjects
Science, Geology, QE1-996.5, Dynamic and structural geology, QE500-639.5
Abstract

The most important hail event recorded in the region of the Ebro Valley (NE Spain) in 2004 was the 11 September episode. Large hailstones (some of them with a diameter of over 30 mm) caused important damages in agriculture and properties. The hail event affected an area of 3848 ha and was caused by several multicellular systems. The aim of this paper is the analysis of the associated convective structures using the meteorological radar as well as the MM5 mesoscale model, thermodynamic data and a hailpad network. To achieve this end, the new hailstorm analysis tool RHAP (Rainfall events and Hailstorms Analysis Program) has been applied. It identifies tracks and characterises precipitation systems and convective cells, taking into account 2-D and 3-D structures. The event has also been studied with the TITAN software (Thunderstorm Identification, Tracking, Analysis and Nowcasting) in an attempt to compare both methods. Results show that the episode had a strong convective activity with CAPE values over 4000 J/kg and with hail-forming cells characterised by VIL (Vertical Integrated Liguid) exceeding 40 kg/m2, VILD (VIL density) over 4 g/m3, HP (Hail Probability) of 100% and SHP (Severe Hail Probability) of over 75%. The hail cells evolved into multicellular systems that lasted between 70 and 90 min. Finally, the comparison of RHAP and TITAN has shown significant correlations between methods.

Published
2006

4. Imágenes, valores y biografías en la enseñanza de la historia en México: 1950-1970

Author

Leopoldo E. García Ortega

Subjects
ceremonias cívicas, biografías, educación, escuela, libros, liberales, Education
Abstract

La Herencia liberal dio grandes directivas en la educación mexicana a través de la construcción de escuelas, nuevos métodos de enseñanza y la creación de la historia nacional, con biografía de héroes como Morelos, Hidalgo, Allende y otros. A fines del siglo XIX, escritores y biógrafos como Guillermo Prieto. Vicente Riva Palacio e Ignacio Manuel Altamirano hicieron una historia épica con palabras alegóricas acerca de la nación mexicana. Los libros de historia tienen escenas donde los buenos mexicanos son un ejemplo para los niños en las clases de historia, a la vez que se promovían las ceremonias cívicas con estatuas, monumentos, flores y discursos acerca de la vida y obra de los héroes. Después del movimiento revolucionario 1910-1921, hay un nuevo concepto de educación, el primer cambio ocurrió en los años 1934-1940 con la educación socialista, con lecciones acerca de la maldad del capitalismo y la defensa de México contra el fascismo y el colonialismo. La década de 1940 trajo un cambio en la percepción de México, ya que los problemas derivados de la ignorancia, la marginación y el analfabetismo, hicieron que los políticos mexicanos regresaran al nacionalismo revolucionario y a la historia patriótica. Entonces, las escuelas crearon asignaturas como Geografía e Historia, para ayudar a educar buenos ciudadanos, con respeto por las instituciones y valores para la convivencia social.

Published
2007

5. First observations of speed of light tracks by a fluorescence detector looking down on the atmosphere

Author

G. Abdellaoui, S. Abe, J.H. Adams Jr., A. Ahriche, D. Allard, L. Allen, G. Alonso, L. Anchordoqui, A. Anzalone, Y. Arai, K. Asano, R. Attallah, H. Attoui, M. Ave Pernas, S. Bacholle, M. Bakiri, P. Baragatti, P. Barrillon, S. Bartocci, J. Bayer, B. Beldjilali, T. Belenguer, N. Belkhalfa, R. Bellotti, A. Belov, K. Belov, K. Benmessai, M. Bertaina, P.L. Biermann, S. Biktemerova, F. Bisconti, N. Blanc, J. Błȩcki, S. Blin-Bondil, P. Bobik, M. Bogomilov, E. Bozzo, A. Bruno, K.S. Caballero, F. Cafagna, D. Campana, J-N. Capdevielle, F. Capel, A. Caramete, L. Caramete, P. Carlson, R. Caruso, M. Casolino, C. Cassardo, A. Castellina, C. Catalano, O. Catalano, A. Cellino, M. Chikawa, G. Chiritoi, M.J. Christl, V. Connaughton, L. Conti, G. Cordero, G. Cotto, H.J. Crawford, R. Cremonini, S. Csorna, A. Cummings, S. Dagoret-Campagne, C. De Donato, C. de la Taille, C. De Santis, L. del Peral, M. Di Martino, A. Diaz Damian, T. Djemil, I. Dutan, A. Ebersoldt, T. Ebisuzaki, R. Engel, J. Eser, F. Fenu, S. Fernández-González, J. Fernández-Soriano, S. Ferrarese, M. Flamini, C. Fornaro, M. Fouka, A. Franceschi, S. Franchini, C. Fuglesang, T. Fujii, J. Fujimoto, M. Fukushima, P. Galeotti, E. García-Ortega, G. Garipov, E. Gascón, J. Genci, G. Giraudo, C. González Alvarado, P. Gorodetzky, R. Greg, F. Guarino, A. Guzmán, Y. Hachisu, M. Haiduc, B. Harlov, A. Haungs, J. Hernández Carretero, W. Hidber Cruz, D. Ikeda, N. Inoue, S. Inoue, F. Isgrò, Y. Itow, T. Jammer, S. Jeong, E. Joven, E.G. Judd, A. Jung, J. Jochum, F. Kajino, T. Kajino, S. Kalli, I. Kaneko, Y. Karadzhov, J. Karczmarczyk, K. Katahira, K. Kawai, Y. Kawasaki, A. Kedadra, H. Khales, B.A. Khrenov, Jeong-Sook Kim, Soon-Wook Kim, M. Kleifges, P.A. Klimov, D. Kolev, H. Krantz, I. Kreykenbohm, K. Kudela, Y. Kurihara, A. Kusenko, E. Kuznetsov, A. La Barbera, C. Lachaud, H. Lahmar, F. Lakhdari, R. Larson, O. Larsson, J. Lee, J. Licandro, L. López Campano, M.C. Maccarone, S. Mackovjak, M. Mahdi, D. Maravilla, L. Marcelli, J.L. Marcos, A. Marini, W. Marszał, K. Martens, Y. Martín, O. Martinez, M. Martucci, G. Masciantonio, K. Mase, M. Mastafa, R. Matev, J.N. Matthews, N. Mebarki, G. Medina-Tanco, M.A. Mendoza, A. Menshikov, A. Merino, J. Meseguer, S.S. Meyer, J. Mimouni, H. Miyamoto, Y. Mizumoto, A. Monaco, J.A. Morales de los Ríos, C. Moretto, S. Nagataki, S. Naitamor, T. Napolitano, W. Naslund, R. Nava, A. Neronov, K. Nomoto, T. Nonaka, T. Ogawa, S. Ogio, H. Ohmori, A.V. Olinto, P. Orleański, G. Osteria, A. Pagliaro, W. Painter, M.I. Panasyuk, B. Panico, G. Pasqualino, E. Parizot, I.H. Park, B. Pastircak, T. Patzak, T. Paul, I. Pérez-Grande, F. Perfetto, T. Peter, P. Picozza, S. Pindado, L.W. Piotrowski, S. Piraino, L. Placidi, Z. Plebaniak, S. Pliego, A. Pollini, Z. Polonski, E.M. Popescu, P. Prat, G. Prévôt, H. Prieto, G. Puehlhofer, M. Putis, J. Rabanal, A.A. Radu, M. Reyes, M. Rezazadeh, M. Ricci, M.D. Rodríguez Frías, M. Rodencal, F. Ronga, G. Roudil, I. Rusinov, M. Rybczyński, M.D. Sabau, G. Sáez Cano, H. Sagawa, Z. Sahnoune, A. Saito, N. Sakaki, H. Salazar, J.C. Sanchez Balanzar, J.L. Sánchez, A. Santangelo, A. Sanz-Andrés, M. Sanz Palomino, O. Saprykin, F. Sarazin, M. Sato, T. Schanz, H. Schieler, V. Scotti, S. Selmane, D. Semikoz, M. Serra, S. Sharakin, H.M. Shimizu, K. Shinozaki, T. Shirahama, B. Spataro, I. Stan, T. Sugiyama, D. Supanitsky, M. Suzuki, B. Szabelska, J. Szabelski, N. Tajima, T. Tajima, Y. Takahashi, H. Takami, M. Takeda, Y. Takizawa, M.C. Talai, C. Tenzer, S.B. Thomas, O. Tibolla, L. Tkachev, H. Tokuno, T. Tomida, N. Tone, S. Toscano, M. Traïche, R. Tsenov, Y. Tsunesada, K. Tsuno, J. Tubbs, S. Turriziani, Y. Uchihori, O. Vaduvescu, J.F. Valdés-Galicia, P. Vallania, G. Vankova, C. Vigorito, L. Villaseñor, B. Vlcek, P. von Ballmoos, M. Vrabel, S. Wada, J. Watanabe, J. Watts Jr., M. Weber, R. Weigand Muñoz, A. Weindl, L. Wiencke, M. Wille, J. Wilms, Z. Włodarczyk, T. Yamamoto, J. Yang, H. Yano, I.V. Yashin, D. Yonetoku, S. Yoshida, R. Young, I.S Zgura, M.Yu. Zotov, A. Zuccaro Marchi, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Organisation de Micro-Électronique Générale Avancée (OMEGA), École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), JEM-EUSO, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Abdellaoui, G., Abe, S., Adams, J., Ahriche, A., Allard, D., Allen, L., Alonso, G., Anchordoqui, L., Anzalone, A., Arai, Y., Asano, K., Attallah, R., Attoui, H., Ave Pernas, M., Bacholle, S., Bakiri, M., Baragatti, P., Barrillon, P., Bartocci, S., Bayer, J., Beldjilali, B., Belenguer, T., Belkhalfa, N., Bellotti, R., Belov, A., Belov, K., Belz, J. W., Benmessai, K., Bertaina, M., Biermann, P. L., Biktemerova, S., Bisconti, F., Blanc, N., Blecki, J., Blin-Bondil, S., Bobik, P., Bogomilov, M., Bozzo, E., Bruno, A., Caballero, K. S., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Capdevielle, J-N., Capel, F., Caramete, A., Caramete, L., Carlson, P., Caruso, R., Casolino, M., Cassardo, C., Castellina, A., Catalano, O., Cellino, A., Chikawa, M., Chiritoi, G., Christl, M. J., Connaughton, V., Conti, L., Cordero, G., Cotto, G., Crawford, H. J., Cremonini, R., Csorna, S., Cummings, A., Dagoret-Campagne, S., De Donato, C., de la Taille, C., De Santis, C., del Peral, L., Di Martino, M., Djemil, T., Dutan, I., Ebersoldt, A., Ebisuzaki, T., Engel, R., Eser, J., Fenu, F., Fernández-González, S., Fernández-Soriano, J., Ferrarese, S., Flamini, M., Fornaro, C., Fouka, M., Franceschi, A., Franchini, S., Fuglesang, C., Fujii, T., Fujimoto, J., Fukushima, M., Galeotti, P., García-Ortega, E., Garipov, G., Gascón, E., Genci, J., Giraudo, G., González Alvarado, C., Gorodetzky, P., Greg, R., Guarino, F., Guzmán, A., Hachisu, Y., Haiduc, M., Harlov, B., Haungs, A., Hernández Carretero, J., Hidber Cruz, W., Ikeda, D., Inoue, N., Inoue, S., Isgrò, F., Itow, Y., Jammer, T., Jeong, S., Joven, E., Judd, E., Jung, A., Jochum, J., Kajino, F., Kajino, T., Kalli, S., Kaneko, I., Karadzhov, Y., Karczmarczyk, J., Katahira, K., Kawai, K., Kawasaki, Y., Kedadra, A., Khales, H., Khrenov, B. A., Kim, Jeong-Sook, Kim, Soon-Wook, Kleifges, M., Klimov, P. A., Kolev, D., Krantz, H., Kreykenbohm, I., Kudela, K., Kurihara, Y., Kusenko, A., Kuznetsov, E., La Barbera, A., Lachaud, C., Lahmar, H., Lakhdari, F., Larsson, O., Lee, J., Licandro, J., López Campano, L., Maccarone, M. C., Mackovjak, S., Mahdi, M., Maravilla, D., Marcelli, L., Marcos, J., Marini, A., Marszal, W., Martens, K., Martín, Y., Martinez, O., Martucci, M., Masciantonio, G., Mase, K., Mustafa, M., Matev, R., Matthews, J., Mebarki, N., Medina-Tanco, G., Mendoza, M. A., Menshikov, A., Merino, A., Meseguer, J., Meyer, S. S., Mimouni, J., Miyamoto, H., Mizumoto, Y., Monaco, A., Morales de los Ríos, J. A., Nagataki, S., Naitamor, S., Napolitano, T., Nava, R., Neronov, A., Nomoto, K., Nonaka, T., Ogawa, T., Ogio, S., Ohmori, H., Olinto, A. V., Orleański, P., Osteria, G., Pagliaro, A., Painter, W., Panasyuk, M. I., Panico, B., Parizot, E., Park, I. H., Pastircak, B., Patzak, T., Paul, T., Pérez-Grande, I., Perfetto, F., Peter, T., Picozza, P., Pindado, S., Piotrowski, L. W., Piraino, S., Placidi, L., Plebaniak, Z., Pliego, S., Pollini, A., Polonski, Z., Popescu, E. M., Prat, P., Prévôt, G., Prieto, H., Puehlhofer, G., Putis, M., Rabanal, J., Radu, A. A., Reyes, M., Rezazadeh, M., Ricci, M., Rodríguez Frías, M. D., Ronga, F., Roudil, G., Rusinov, I., Rybczyński, M., Sabau, M., Sáez Cano, G., Sagawa, H., Sahnoune, Z., Saito, A., Sakaki, N., Salazar, H., Sanchez Balanzar, J. C., Sánchez, J. L., Santangelo, A., Sanz-Andrés, A., Sanz Palomino, M., Saprykin, O., Sarazin, F., Sato, M., Schanz, T., Schieler, H., Scotti, V., Selmane, S., Semikoz, D., Serra, M., Sharakin, S., Shimizu, H. M., Shin, H. S., Shinozaki, K., Shirahama, T., Sokolsky, P., Spataro, B., Stan, I., Sugiyama, T., Supanitsky, D., Suzuki, M., Szabelska, B., Szabelski, J., Tajima, N., Tajima, T., Takahashi, Y., Takami, H., Takeda, M., Takizawa, Y., Talai, M. C., Tameda, Y., Tenzer, C., Thomas, S. B., Thomson, G. B., Tibolla, O., Tkachev, L., Tokuno, H., Tomida, T., Tone, N., Toscano, S., Traïche, M., Tsenov, R., Tsunesada, Y., Tsuno, K., Tubbs, J., Turriziani, S., Uchihori, Y., Vaduvescu, O., Valdés-Galicia, J. F., Vallania, P., Vankova, G., Vigorito, C., Villaseñor, L., Vlcek, B., von Ballmoos, P., Vrabel, M., Wada, S., Watanabe, J., Watts, J., Weber, M., Weigand Muñoz, R., Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wille, M., Wilms, J., Włodarczyk, Z., Yamamoto, T., Yang, J., Yano, H., Yashin, I. V., Yonetoku, D., Yoshida, S., Young, R., Zgura, I. S., Zotov, M. Yu., and Zuccaro Marchi, A.

Subjects
visible and IR photons, Balloon instrumentation, Detectors for UV, visible and IR photons, Lasers, Space instrumentation, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Laser, chemistry.chemical_element, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, Fluorescence spectroscopy, law.invention, Aeronáutica, Atmosphere, Xenon, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Calibration, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Detectors for UV, Physics, Instrumentation et méthodes en physique, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Detector, Autres mathématiques, Speed of light (cellular automaton), 3. Good health, Pathfinder, chemistry, business, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Detectors for UV, visible and IR photon
Abstract

EUSO-Balloon is a pathfinder mission for the Extreme Universe Space Observatory onboard the Japanese Experiment Module (JEM-EUSO). It was launched on the moonless night of the 25th of August 2014 from Timmins, Canada. The flight ended successfully after maintaining the target altitude of 38 km for five hours. One part of the mission was a 2.5 hour underflight using a helicopter equipped with three UV light sources (LED, xenon flasher and laser) to perform an inflight calibration and examine the detectors capability to measure tracks moving at the speed of light. We describe the helicopter laser system and details of the underflight as well as how the laser tracks were recorded and found in the data. These are the first recorded laser tracks measured from a fluorescence detector looking down on the atmosphere. Finally, we present a first reconstruction of the direction of the laser tracks relative to the detector., 0, SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Published
2018

6. Day-time identification of summer hailstorm cells from MSG data

Author

A. Merino, L. López, J. L. Sánchez, E. García-Ortega, E. Cattani, and V. Levizzani

Abstract

Identifying deep convection is of paramount importance, as it may be associated with extreme weather that has significant impact on the environment, property and the population. A new method, the Hail Detection Tool (HDT), is described for identifying hail-bearing storms using multi-spectral Meteosat Second Generation (MSG) data. HDT was conceived as a two-phase method, in which the first step is the Convective Mask (CM) algorithm devised for detection of deep convection, and the second a Hail Detection algorithm (HD) for the identification of hail-bearing clouds among cumulonimbus systems detected by CM. Both CM and HD are based on logistic regression models trained with multi-spectral MSG data-sets comprised of summer convective events in the middle Ebro Valley between 2006–2010, and detected by the RGB visualization technique (CM) or C-band weather radar system of the University of León. By means of the logistic regression approach, the probability of identifying a cumulonimbus event with CM or a hail event with HD are computed by exploiting a proper selection of MSG wavelengths or their combination. A number of cloud physical properties (liquid water path, optical thickness and effective cloud drop radius) were used to physically interpret results of statistical models from a meteorological perspective, using a method based on these "ingredients." Finally, the HDT was applied to a new validation sample consisting of events during summer 2011. The overall Probability of Detection (POD) was 76.9% and False Alarm Ratio 16.7%.

Published
2013

7. The Influence of Adrenalin on the Pharmacokinetics of Interpleurally Administered Lidocaine in Patients With Pancreatic Neoplasia

Author

Rosa Maria Hernandez, Clemente Muriel, Begoña Calvo, José Luis Pedraz, E. García-Ortega, Alfonso Domínguez-Gil, F. Vara, and Alicia R. Gascón

Subjects
Adult, Male, Time Factors, Epinephrine, Lidocaine, medicine.drug_class, Radioimmunoassay, Cmax, Pain, Absorption, Cerebrospinal fluid, Pharmacokinetics, Humans, Medicine, Pharmacology (medical), Pharmacology, business.industry, Local anesthetic, Half-life, Middle Aged, Pancreatic Neoplasms, Anesthesia, Chronic Disease, Pleura, Female, Analgesia, business, Half-Life, medicine.drug
Abstract

The influence of adrenalin on the pharmacokinetics of lidocaine given interpleurally to 10 patients with pancreatic neoplasia was studied. Five patients received an interpleural dose of lidocaine (200 mg; control group), and 5 patients received an interpleural dose of lidocaine (200 mg) plus adrenalin (1:200,000). Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of lidocaine were measured before and at specified times (up to 8 hours) after the dose. The analytical technique was radioimmunoassay; and plasma and CSF data were assessed using noncompartmental analysis. The drug was quickly absorbed into the plasma in the control group (Cmax = 2.76 +/- 0.10 microgram/mL at 0.33 +/- 0.14 hours after administration); whereas drug access to CSF was decreased and occurred slowly (Cmax = 0.32 +/- 0.07 microgram/mL at 1.66 +/- 1.35 hours). The drug was eliminated more quickly from plasma than from CSF, with half-lives of 1.71 +/- 0.43 hours and 3.86 +/- 1.27 hours, respectively. The simultaneous administration of adrenalin delayed absorption (tmax = 0.91 +/- 0.52 hours). The drug elimination half-lives in plasma and CSF of this group increased to 3.22 +/- 1.22 hours and 8.71 +/- 3.28 hours, respectively. The duration of the analgesia, evaluated as the time until the patient needed another dose, increased from 8.2 +/- 1.5 hours in the control group to 9.7 +/- 1.3 hours in the group that received adrenalin. From these results the levels that would be reached on a multiple-dose regimen (D = 200 mg, tau = 8 hours) were predicted.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Published
1995

8. Weather features associated with aircraft icing conditions: a case study.

Author

Fernández-González S, Sánchez JL, Gascón E, López L, García-Ortega E, and Merino A

Subjects
Aviation methods, Geographic Mapping, Radiometry methods, Aircraft standards, Aviation standards, Humidity adverse effects, Ice adverse effects, Weather
Abstract

In the context of aviation weather hazards, the study of aircraft icing is very important because of several accidents attributed to it over recent decades. On February 1, 2012, an unusual meteorological situation caused severe icing of a C-212-200, an aircraft used during winter 2011-2012 to study winter cloud systems in the Guadarrama Mountains of the central Iberian Peninsula. Observations in this case were from a MP-3000A microwave radiometric profiler, which acquired atmospheric temperature and humidity profiles continuously every 2.5 minutes. A Cloud Aerosol and Precipitation Spectrometer (CAPS) was also used to study cloud hydrometeors. Finally, ice nuclei concentration was measured in an isothermal cloud chamber, with the goal of calculating concentrations in the study area. Synoptic and mesoscale meteorological conditions were analysed using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. It was demonstrated that topography influenced generation of a mesolow and gravity waves on the lee side of the orographic barrier, in the region where the aircraft experienced icing. Other factors such as moisture, wind direction, temperature, atmospheric stability, and wind shear were decisive in the appearance of icing. This study indicates that icing conditions may arise locally, even when the synoptic situation does not indicate any risk.

Published
2014
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9. Snowfall in the northwest Iberian Peninsula: synoptic circulation patterns and their influence on snow day trends.

Author

Merino A, Fernández S, Hermida L, López L, Sánchez JL, García-Ortega E, and Gascón E

Subjects
Environmental Monitoring, Meteorological Concepts, Snow
Abstract

In recent decades, a decrease in snowfall attributed to the effects of global warming (among other causes) has become evident. However, it is reasonable to investigate meteorological causes for such decrease, by analyzing changes in synoptic scale patterns. On the Iberian Peninsula, the Castilla y León region in the northwest consists of a central plateau surrounded by mountain ranges. This creates snowfalls that are considered both an important water resource and a transportation risk. In this work, we develop a classification of synoptic situations that produced important snowfalls at observation stations in the major cities of Castilla y León from 1960 to 2011. We used principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster techniques to define four synoptic patterns conducive to snowfall in the region. Once we confirmed homogeneity of the series and serial correlation of the snowfallday records at the stations from 1960 to 2011, we carried out a Mann-Kendall test. The results show a negative trend at most stations, so there are a decreased number of snowfall days. Finally, variations in these meteorological variables were related to changes in the frequencies of snow events belonging to each synoptic pattern favorable for snowfall production at the observatory locations.

Published
2014
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10. Climatic trends in hail precipitation in France: spatial, altitudinal, and temporal variability.

Author

Hermida L, Sánchez JL, López L, Berthet C, Dessens J, García-Ortega E, and Merino A

Subjects
Altitude, Disasters, France, Time Factors, Climatic Processes
Abstract

Hail precipitation is characterized by enhanced spatial and temporal variability. Association Nationale d'Etude et de Lutte contre les Fléaux Atmosphériques (ANELFA) installed hailpad networks in the Atlantic and Midi-Pyrénées regions of France. Historical data of hail variables from 1990 to 2010 were used to characterize variability. A total of 443 stations with continuous records were chosen to obtain a first approximation of areas most affected by hail. The Cressman method was selected for this purpose. It was possible to find relationships between spatial distributions of the variables, which are supported by obtained Pearson correlations. Monthly and annual trends were examined using the Mann-Kendall test for each of the total affected hailpads. There were 154 pads with a positive trend; most were located between Tarbes and Saint-Gaudens. We found 177 pads with a negative trend, which were largely south of a pine forest in Landes. The remainder of the study area showed an elevated spatial variability with no pattern, even between relatively close hailpads. A similar pattern was found in Lérida (Spain) and Southeast France. In the entire area, monthly trends were predominantly negative in June, July, and August, whereas May had a positive trend; again, however, there was no spatial pattern. There was a high concentration of hailpads with positive trend near the Pyrenees, probably owing to orographic effects, and if we apply cluster analysis with the Mann-Kendall values, the spatial variability is accentuated for stations at higher altitude.

Published
2013
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11. The influence of adrenalin on the pharmacokinetics of interpleurally administered lidocaine in patients with pancreatic neoplasia.

Author

Calvo B, Pedraz JL, Gascón AR, Hernández RM, García-Ortega E, Vara F, Muriel C, and Domínguez-Gil A

Subjects
Absorption, Adult, Analgesia, Chronic Disease, Epinephrine administration & dosage, Female, Half-Life, Humans, Lidocaine administration & dosage, Lidocaine blood, Lidocaine cerebrospinal fluid, Male, Middle Aged, Pain metabolism, Pleura, Radioimmunoassay, Time Factors, Epinephrine pharmacology, Lidocaine pharmacokinetics, Pain drug therapy, Pancreatic Neoplasms physiopathology
Abstract

The influence of adrenalin on the pharmacokinetics of lidocaine given interpleurally to 10 patients with pancreatic neoplasia was studied. Five patients received an interpleural dose of lidocaine (200 mg; control group), and 5 patients received an interpleural dose of lidocaine (200 mg) plus adrenalin (1:200,000). Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of lidocaine were measured before and at specified times (up to 8 hours) after the dose. The analytical technique was radioimmunoassay; and plasma and CSF data were assessed using noncompartmental analysis. The drug was quickly absorbed into the plasma in the control group (Cmax = 2.76 +/- 0.10 microgram/mL at 0.33 +/- 0.14 hours after administration); whereas drug access to CSF was decreased and occurred slowly (Cmax = 0.32 +/- 0.07 microgram/mL at 1.66 +/- 1.35 hours). The drug was eliminated more quickly from plasma than from CSF, with half-lives of 1.71 +/- 0.43 hours and 3.86 +/- 1.27 hours, respectively. The simultaneous administration of adrenalin delayed absorption (tmax = 0.91 +/- 0.52 hours). The drug elimination half-lives in plasma and CSF of this group increased to 3.22 +/- 1.22 hours and 8.71 +/- 3.28 hours, respectively. The duration of the analgesia, evaluated as the time until the patient needed another dose, increased from 8.2 +/- 1.5 hours in the control group to 9.7 +/- 1.3 hours in the group that received adrenalin. From these results the levels that would be reached on a multiple-dose regimen (D = 200 mg, tau = 8 hours) were predicted.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Published
1995
Full Text
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