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Resume Introduction La presence d’une colostomie a un impact majeur sur la qualite de vie des patients. Celle-ci pourrait etre amelioree par la realisation d’irrigation colique (IC) par la colostomie. Peu d’etudes ont evalue l’impact de ce soin sur la qualite de vie. Le but de cette etude etait d’evaluer la qualite de vie entre deux populations de patients porteurs d’une colostomie, l’une realisant l’IC et l’autre ne pratiquant pas ce soin. Methode Les membres de la Federation des stomises de France (FSF) ont ete interroges au moyen d’un auto-questionnaire evaluant leur experience des IC. La qualite de vie evaluee par le questionnaire Stoma-QOL a ete comparee entre les patients pratiquant l’IC ou non. Resultats Au total, 752 patients ont ete inclus dans l’etude. L’âge median etait de 75 ans, et 47,26 % des patients etaient des hommes. La duree mediane entre la realisation de la stomie et le remplissage de l’auto-questionnaire etait de 12,3 ans. Quarante et un pourcent des patients pratiquaient l’IC. Le score median de la qualite de vie etait significativement plus eleve pour les patients pratiquant l’IC : (69,26 vs 58,33, p Conclusion L’IC semble ameliorer la qualite de vie des patients porteurs d’une colostomie. Ce soin releve d’une question d’education therapeutique et devrait etre propose a tous les patients. Un encadrement par une infirmiere stomatherapeute est recommande surtout pour les patients presentant un risque eleve d’echec.

The presence of colostomy has a major impact on quality of life that could potentially be improved by performing colonic irrigation (CI), yet few studies have assessed the impact of this technique on quality of life. The aim of this study was to assess the quality of life between two groups of patients having a colostomy; those practicing CI vs those not practicing CI.The French Federation of Ostomy (FFO) members were evaluated by a self-questionnaire assessing their experience of CI. Quality of life as assessed by the Stoma-QOL questionnaire was compared between patients practicing CI or not.In total 752 patients were eligible for the study. The median age was 75 years, and 47.26% were men. The median duration between stoma surgery and questionnaire completion was 12.3 years. Forty-one percent of the patients practiced CI. The median quality of life score was significantly higher for the patients practicing the CI: (69.26 vs 58.33, P0.001). In multivariable analysis, the risk factors for not performing CI were age, obesity, the presence of colostomy for less than six years, and a non-oncologic indication for operation.CI appeared to improve the quality of life of patients with colostomy. This care is a therapeutic education issue and should be proposed to all patients. Supervision by the enterostomal therapy nurse is recommended especially for patients with a high risk of failure.

The ketogenic diet is a high-fat, low-protein, low-carbohydrate diet that has been employed as a nonpharmacologic therapy for intractable epilepsy. Several multicenter or randomized studies have demonstrated the anticonvulsive properties of the ketogenic diet. The reports on the clinical efficacy have described a greater than 50% reduction in seizure frequency for about 60% of patients on a ketogenic diet. Efficacy has been reported both for child-teenager and adult patients. Patients who were responders to the ketogenic diet exhibited a decrease in seizure frequency within two months of treatment onset. Underlying mechanisms remain unknown. The current hypotheses are: anticonvulsive properties of ketone bodies, variation in excitatory or inhibitory brain neurotransmissions, modulation of cell excitability or implication of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Ketogenic diet is a fastidious and restrictive therapy. Moreover, side effects have been reported. In order to facilitate patient tolerability and palatability, the diet protocols are gradually modified including changes in ratios of the fat versus non fat components, initiation of the diet with or without fasting, fatty acids composition. A modified Atkins diet seems to be a possible alternative diet with a comparable efficacy on intractable epilepsy. This diet induces ketosis without fluid, calorie or protein restriction, nor the requirement for fasting and food weighing. Furthermore, 10 to 20 grams carbohydrates are allowed per day to increase patient tolerability and palatability. New data suggest that ketogenic diet and its variants should not be considered like a "last chance" treatment.

Resume Des 1994, nous avons debute la rhDNase chez tous les patients atteints de mucoviscidose âges de plus de 5 ans et ayant une CVF ≥ 40 % de la valeur theorique. Population et methodes Nous avons analyse retrospectivement les effets de la rhDNase au cours de 2 ans de traitement chez 69 enfants et adolescents. Les patients ( 35 garcons, 34 filles) ont recu une dose unique journaliere de 2,5 mg de rhDNase. Ils etaient âges initialement de 8,5 ans (5 a 16,4 ans). Les valeurs spirometriques (pourcentage de la valeur theorique) et le statut nutritionnel de base etaient les suivants: CVF = 84,8 ± 21,7, VEMS = 80,8 ± 22,2, DEP = 89,7 ± 34,2, DEM 25-75 = 71, 8 ± 32,8, Z score poids/taille = -0,41 ± 1,14, Z-score poids/âge = −0,48 ± 1,25, index de Quetelet = 15,4 ± 1,8, ration calorique = 107 ± 25 % des apports journaliers recommandes. Les donnees spirometriques et nutritionnelles ont ete analysees apres 1, 3, 6, 12, 18 et 24 mois de traitement et comparees aux valeurs de base (resultats spirometriques exprimes en pourcentage des valeurs de base moyennes). Le score de Shwachman-Kulczycki etait de 87 ± 9 avant le traitement et a ete releve 24 mois plus tard. Resultats Une amelioration de la CVF (+ 10,7 %, p p p ≤ 0,01 ). Ceci a ete note en particulier chez les enfants âges de 5 a 10 ans, chez les garcons et chez les patients dont la CVF de base etait e ( p e mois ( p ≤ 0,02), essentiellement chez les filles. Les Z scores poids/âge et poids/taille se sont ameliores respectivement pendant les 3 premiers mois et apres 2 ans de traitement. Le score de Shwachman-Kulczycki est reste stable. Conclusion La rhDNase ameliore donc la fonction respiratoire et le statut nutritionnel des jeunes patients atteints de mucoviscidose et la reponse au traitement peut etre evaluee des les 3 premiers mois.

The ketogenic diet is a high-fat, low-protein, low-carbohydrate diet that has been employed as a nonpharmacologic therapy for intractable epilepsy. Several multicenter or randomized studies have demonstrated the anticonvulsive properties of the ketogenic diet. The reports on the clinical efficacy have described a greater than 50% reduction in seizure frequency for about 60% of patients on a ketogenic diet. Efficacy has been reported both for child-teenager and adult patients. Patients who were responders to the ketogenic diet exhibited a decrease in seizure frequency within two months of treatment onset. Underlying mechanisms remain unknown. The current hypotheses are: anticonvulsive properties of ketone bodies, variation in excitatory or inhibitory brain neurotransmissions, modulation of cell excitability or implication of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Ketogenic diet is a fastidious and restrictive therapy. Moreover, side effects have been reported. In order to facilitate patient tolerability and palatability, the diet protocols are gradually modified including changes in ratios of the fat versus non fat components, initiation of the diet with or without fasting, fatty acids composition. A modified Atkins diet seems to be a possible alternative diet with a comparable efficacy on intractable epilepsy. This diet induces ketosis without fluid, calorie or protein restriction, nor the requirement for fasting and food weighing. Furthermore, 10 to 20 grams carbohydrates are allowed per day to increase patient tolerability and palatability. New data suggest that ketogenic diet and its variants should not be considered like a "last chance" treatment.