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Regularities of the adsorption of ethylhydroxyethylcellulose (EHEC) hydrophilic polymer on a surface of inorganic pigments of TiO2 and Fe2O3 were investigated by infrared spectroscopy. It was found that the adsorption interaction between EHEC and a surface of oxides is accompanied by conformation transformations of the adsorbed molecules of EHEC. The means by which macromolecules bind with active centers on a surface of metal oxides and the influence of the oxides’ nature on the EHEC macromolecule conformation transformations determining the structure of the adsorption layer upon adsorption were established.

It is shown that the regularities of the adsorption of high-molecular-mass compounds on particle surfaces in disperse systems can be studied by the electrokinetic sonic amplitude method. Procedures are developed for calculating parameters of polymer adsorption layers and the quantitative analysis of their structure. The parameters of the adsorption layers are calculated by the example of a hydrophilic polymer, ethyl-hydroxyethylcellulose, and hydrophilic particles of titanium dioxide and iron oxide dispersed in aqueous disperse systems subjected and nonsubjected to an intense mechanical treatment. The treatment of the disperse systems in the field of intense wave vibrations is found to enhance the adsorption interaction.

This work describes a new class of macromolecular compounds, i.e., acrylic acid and isobornyl acrylate gradient block copolymers synthesized by controlled radical polymerization. A series of these gradient block copolymers was compared with acrylic acid and isobornyl acrylate block copolymers with similar compositions to demonstrate the effect of copolymer molecular architecture and the intense mechanical effect on their surface interactions with particles of different nature in aqueous dispersion systems. The method of electrokinetic sonic amplitude revealed the architectural effect of macromolecules to their surface interaction the particles at various concentrations of polymer and calculated the parameters of polymer adsorption layers. The surface interaction models were suggested for macromolecules of block and gradient block copolymers of various compositions with hydrophilic and hydrophobic particles and the copolymer architecture was proven to determine the nanostructure of polymer adsorption layers on interface. The nanostructural differences were suggested and confirmed in the interaction of block and gradient block copolymers with interface of different nature.

The adsorption of hydrophilic ethylhydroxyethylcellulose (EHEC) polymer on the surface of TiO2 and Fe2O3 inorganic pigments under the action of intense mechanical actions was studied by infrared spectroscopy. Mechanoactivation methods included ultrasonic action and mechanical treatment at sonic frequencies. Intense action on TiO2 and Fe2O3 aqueous disperse systems activated the surface of inorganic oxides and intensified the adsorption of the polymer. It also caused the formation of adsorption-solvation EHEC layers with increased densities, which determined the sedimentation stability of disperse systems.

In the context of the wide use of disperse systems, it is important to develop new methods for improving their quality and controllably changing their properties, including the production of aqueous suspensions of highly stable finely dispersed pigments used as components of paints and varnishes, oil and fuel additives, etc. Among the problems involved are surface phenomena; polymer adsorption on surfaces of different nature, especially in mechanical activation; and interfacial

The structural memory effect in a wave field has been studied by IR spectroscopy using butadiene-styrene and acrylic latex blend films as polymer membrane models. Notable is the enhancement of interactions between phases in such systems, which can cause changes in their local and translational mobility. The response of disperse polymer systems and their composites to nonlinear vibrations means that their deformation properties are affected by vibration, by analogy with orientation phenomena in solid polymers (where the Rebinder effect can appear), and can be considered as a means for modifying polymers, including the manufacture of nanocomposites, polymer biocarriers, etc.

The use of low-emulsifier latex obtained by radiation emulsion polymerization allows increasing the physicomechanical properties of finished fabrics at low binder weight gain. It was shown that the wave effect on latex composites of different composition increases the physicomechanical properties of latex films and nonwovens and improves their functional properties.

Impregnation composites and the conditions for fabricating them to make filled nonwoven materials with elevated physicomechanical properties were developed. The use of impregnation composites with a filler undergoing vibrational treatment in optimum conditions allows obtaining nonwovens with the ability to sorb heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions of surfactants and to selectively sorb microorganisms.

The influence of the vibrowave action on the properties of some disperse systems used in the textile industry has been considered. It has been noted that excitation of nonlinear oscillation in the audio band under resonant conditions leads to an increase in the degree of dispersion of distributed systems and an increase in their colloid stability.

Consideration has been given to the influence of vibrowave action on polymer dispersions (styrene-butadiene and acryl latexes and their blends), solutions of gelating polymers (polyacrylic acid, gelatin, and starch) with fillers (activated carbon and zeolite), and emulsions of the motor oil/water type. An increase in the degree of dispersity and the aggregative stability of disperse systems after their vibrowave treatment has been noted. An algorithm of calculation of a possible way of optimizing one method of intensification of mass transfer in the case where wave technology is used has been proposed.

A comparative analysis of the phenomenological description of processing of polymer composites reveals the role of nonlinear phenomena in the dynamics of multiphase disperse systems and in the formation of properties of composites based on them. It is noted that criteria for the efficiency of mixing and dispersing in viscous media (such as polymer-polymer mixtures) are the shear stress and strain. In multiphase media containing a liquid phase, the enhancement of the heat and mass transfer by new methods, including vibration treatment, is caused by phenomena related to excitation of nonlinear vibrations.

The macroscopic properties of polymer composite materials are known to be largely determined by the interface interactions between the dispersed phase and the dispersion medium. Some aspects of the theory of interface phenomena, in particular, the evaluation of the interaction of components at the interfaces and the structure and composition of the transition zones are considered in the theory of adhesion and adsorption of polymers.

The sorption capacity of binder polymer with respect to organic contaminants was established on the example of the n-butanol—water model system with different concentrations of n-butanol. It was shown that bonded nonwovens filled with activated carbon fabricated with latex impregnating compounds can sorb organic contaminants from aqueous media.

Electron-probe microanalysis showed that vibration treatment of polymer binders causes changes in the structure of polymer films not only based on latexes but also aqueous solutions of polymers, PAA and PA in particular. The wave effect on the composite based on aqueous solutions of PAA and PA not only affects the physicomechanical properties but also the porosity, air permeability, andsorption capacity of filter nonwovens. A hypothesis is advanced concerning the effect of the wave action on the polymer composites, pore structure, and sorption mechanism of nonwoven filter materials based on these composites.

Vibration-wave treatment of latex impregnation compositions improves the physicomechanical properties of latex films and nonwoven materials impregnated with a mixture of latexes. Nonwoven materials fabricated with the impregnation compositions undergoing vibration-wave treatment have better filtering capacity than materials manufactured by the traditional adhesive method.