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Introduction. Forensic workers are at high risk of contracting Koch's bacillus infection. Significant risk factors for infections are a high microbial load, increased traumatism, and the absence of lifetime medical records of tuberculosis in cadavers admitted for examination. In addition, sporadic cases of infection continue to be reported, necessitating measures to improve the prevention of personnel infection. In view of the above, there is a great need for research into the awareness of bureau personnel, on the basis of which preventive measures will be developed. Purpose of the study — to examine the awareness of bureau personnel about the main issues of tuberculosis infection, its prevention, ways of infection, diagnosis, and clinical manifestations. Materials and methods. The main method of research was an anonymous questionnaire survey of 262 employees of the Kazan bureau of the Republic of Tatarstan. The obtained data were counted on the service onlinetestpad, where the questionnaire was posted. Results. According to the results of the study, 12 employees (4.6%) out of those interviewed in the bureau had tuberculosis. Forty-three employees (16.4%) reported contact with a sick person at their place of work (training). A total of 147 respondents (56.1%) think that it is possible to get infected by a sick person; 39 respondents (14.9%) think that it is possible to get infected while doing professional duties. Some respondents did not consider important aspects in preventing the formation and spread of TB: a significant part of workers (96 workers, 36.6%) wash dirty work clothes at home by themselves and about the same number of respondents (95 workers, 36.3%) do not consider it important to change work clothes when moving from a "dirty" zone to a "clean" one and vice versa. Discussion. Positive results of the questionnaire were associated with a high degree of competence of the staff, dissemination of TB guidelines, training, and supervision by supervisory authorities. Conclusion. Based on the results, it was found that staff at the Bureau of Forensic Medicine are sufficiently informed about methods of specific and non-specific prevention of tuberculosis and have information about the modes of transmission. However, there is a lack of awareness among certain staff members on how to prevent the spread of tuberculosis infection.

Metastatic damage to the brain is a frequent manifestation in tumors of various localizations, including breast cancer. Until recently, systemic therapy of metastatic brain damage was of limited use; however, with the advent of targeted drugs that are better understood in terms of the specific molecular targets and biological characteristics of metastases, it is now possible to improve treatment results. In an analysis of the results of studies on the problem of metastasis of breast cancer in the brain, a comparison of the use of various targeted drugs in the treatment of metastatic HER2 + breast cancer is presented. The results of a comparison of the degrees of effectiveness of targeted drugs, both in monotherapy and in combination with chemotherapy, were obtained and analyzed.

Continuous monitoring of the rig's technical condition is necessary for efficient use of the rig's wire rope resource. A classification of steel ropes used in the industry has been compiled. The characteristics of the pulley-block rope pulley to power drilling rigs are given. The analysis of recommendations for the selection and operation of rope hoists is carried out. The reasons for the occurrence of complex stress-strain states of the rope during its operation are considered. The analysis of methods for calculating the load-bearing capacity of wire rope and determining the fatigue strength is given. Comparative data on the actual standard operating time of wire rope are given. The scientific problem of predicting the residual resource of wire rope is analytically investigated. For operational control of defects in steel ropes, the prospects of using magnetic flaw detection methods are considered. The article draws our attention to the need to implement the following scientific, technical, and technological solutions, such as improving the design of pulley-block system of drilling rigs; accuracy increase of diagnosis of technical condition and forecasting of resource strings; maintenance of wire rope; this will contribute to a more complete use of wire rope in drilling rig.

Brain metastases are very common in non-small cell lung cancer. The condition of these patients is complicated and difficult to treat, and adverse reactions following treatment can affect the nervous system, which severely reduces quality of life. In this review we discuss the methods in use from local therapies such as whole brain irradiation, stereotactic radiosurgery and central nervous system surgery to systemic therapy. We also highlight drugs for targeted therapy of non-small lung cancer cells metastasis in the brain that have been effective in the treatment of metastases in central nervous system.

Summary: The brief literature summary covering the congenital nephrotic syndrome (CNS) and two clinical observations of this disease are represented. Symptom complex of nephrotic syndrome manifested by a massive proteinuria, edemas, hypoproteinemia during the first three months after childbirth was the essential in establishing a diagnosis in both patients. In most cases CNS is caused by genetically-mediated defects of the glomerular filtration barrier components. In patients, clinical manifestations (phenotype) were absolutely similar, and etiology (genotype, other reasons) was different. The expert analysis of medical documentation detected diagnostic and therapeutic errors in patient management which in the second observations have led to the death. Based on the described cases, it is shown the necessity of complex approach to examining children with CNS to early diagnose supplemental syndrome variations of pathology, to determine vital and nephrologic prognosis for the disease and to develop therapy management (personalized therapy).

Employees of the Bureau of Forensic Medicine (BFM) are exposed to various harmful and dangerous workplace factors during their work. The objective of the study is to improve measures to maintain a safe epidemiological situation in the experience of the BFM of the Republic of Tatarstan based on the results of an online questionnaire survey of employees, which included parts on the assessment of health, working conditions, and morbidity, including tuberculosis. The detailed analysis of the responses made it possible to determine a set of measures to improve the BFM workflow and health status of employees.Сотрудники бюро судебно-медицинской экспертизы (БСМЭ) в ходе выполнения своих профессиональных обязанностей сталкиваются со множеством вредных и опасных производственных факторов. Цель исследования — совершенствование мероприятий по поддержанию безопасной санитарно-эпидемиологической обстановки на опыте БСМЭ Республики Татарстан по результатам проведенного онлайн-анкетирования сотрудников, включавшего разделы по оценке состояния здоровья, условий труда и заболеваемости, в том числе туберкулезом. Приведены результаты подробного анализа полученных ответов, позволившие сформулировать комплекс мероприятий в БСМЭ по совершенствованию рабочего процесса и показателей здоровья сотрудников.

The Neurogenic Bladder Symptom Score (NBSS) is widely used now for the bladder symptoms assessment in neurogenic low urinary tract dysfunction. It is suitable for all patients, regardless of a bladder management method. NBSS contains 24 questions, which focus on incontinence, storage and voiding symptoms, urinary complicationsand life quality.With the permission of the authors (Dr.Welk et al.), NBSS had been translated into Russian according to the cultural and lingual adaptation algorithm.Validate the Russian version of NBSS for multiple sclerosis patients.The study included 80respondents: group A - 40 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients with neurogenic bladder, group B - 40 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients without bladder dysfunction, group C - healthy controls. All participants filled out the NBSS two times with an interval of two weeks. They also completed other measurement tools (IPSS,OAB Awareness Tool, WHOQOL BREF).Data were used to determine the internal consistency (Cronbachs alfa), external validity (Pearson correlation), and test-re-test reliability with interclass correlation coefficient.The mean of the NBSS total in the group A was 22.56+/-12.6, which significantly (p0.001) exceeded score in comparable groups B (6.42+/-2.3) and C (5.31+/-1.9). The Cronbachs alfa of the total and the in continence, storage/voiding, and consequences domains was 0.939, 0,965, 0,801 and 0.712 respectively, which confirms the high internal consistency of the Russian version of the NBSS. External validity was verified by the relevant correlations with other questionnaires. Test-retest reliability was excellent. The interclass correlation coefficients were0.85 (p0.001) for all subdomains and the overall score.The Russian version of the NBSS demonstrated good validity and reliability and may be recommended for use in clinical practice.

The paper considers one of the tubing diagnostic criteria, namely the occurrence of combination frequencies and variation of spectral components (which reflect the geometry of tubing elements and their interrelation) on the vibration frequency patterns obtained by spectral analysis, and substantiates the applicability of this criterion to the detection of tubing defects under field conditions during well workovers.The paper considers one of the tubing diagnostic criteria, namely the occurrence of combination frequencies and variation of spectral components (which reflect the geometry of tubing elements and their interrelation) on the vibration frequency patterns obtained by spectral analysis, and substantiates the applicability of this criterion to the detection of tubing defects under field conditions during well workovers.

The authors consider the problem of developing oilfield chemicals of complex action on the example of preparation of a composite from chemicals of different process action (demulsifiers for water-oil emulsions and metal corrosion inhibitors). Unlike the common practice of empirical selection of reagents for evaluation of their action effectiveness in the technological process the offered approaches are based on the possibility of reagents selection using the inductive dielectric method. It was found that the peaks tgδ, detected by the inductive method, the most suitable for using in the complex-action composite technologically compatible oilfield chemicals, should be observed at almost equal in value frequencies. It was shown that the developed mixture of a demulsifier with a corrosion inhibitor simultaneously exhibits much higher efficiency as a corrosion inhibitor and a demulsifier, i.e. the mixture obtained is a complex-action agent.

Mathematics and architecture have always been closely interrelated, the main methods of design in architecture has always belonged to mathematics. At the present stage in connection with the development of computer technology and the Internet began a new round in the relationship between mathematics and architecture. A competent architect should have excellent skills in painting and sculpture, as well as a good knowledge of mathematics. We came to the conclusion that the purpose of mathematical training in the University of students of construction specialties is the development of their mathematical competence. This requires: 1) students should be able to solve applied mathematical problems; 2) students should carry out projects related to their future professional activities; 3) students should be able to create mathematical models. We have developed criteria, indicators and levels of development of mathematical competence of students of the University, which allows you to organize control and measuring materials to assess the level of mathematical training of students.

The article describes a clinical case of successful chemotherapeutic and radiation treatment of a patient with breast cancer and metastases to the brain and meninges and with a pronounced neurological deficit. The patient underwent combined treatment (whole brain radiation with TBD of 30 Gy and local radiation of a metastasis with TBD of 15 Gy associated with capecitabine therapy) with continued administration of capecitabine until improvement. A partial metastasis reduction by 50% and complete regression of the neurological deficit were observed. Disease-free period was 1 year and 10 months, and the overall survival amounted to 2 years.Рассматривается клинический случай успешного химиотерапевтического и лучевого лечения больной раком молочной железы с метастазами в головной мозг, с поражением его оболочек и с выраженным неврологическим дефицитом. Проводилось комбинированное лечение (облучение всего головного мозга СОД 30 Гр и локальное облучение метастаза СОД 15 Гр на фоне приема капецитабина) с дальнейшим приемом капецитабина до частичного улучшения - метастаз уменьшился на 50%, наступил полный регресс неврологического дефицита. Безрецидивный период составил 1 год и 10 мес, общая выживаемость - 2 года.

Single-phase samples of tungsten bronzes MxWO3 (M = K+, Rb+, Cs+) are prepared by solid-state synthesis. The reversibility of the M0.33WO3/M+-solid electrolyte interface is studied subject to the alkali metal nature and humidity over a wide temperature interval. The exchange current density at 24°C and 58%-relative humidity is 3.6 × 10−4 A/cm2 for the Rb0.33WO3/Rb+-solid electrolyte interface; 2.2 × 10−4 A/cm2 for the Cs0.33WO3/Cs+-solid electrolyte interface; and 1.3 × 10−4 A/cm2 for the K0.33WO3/K+-solid electrolyte interface. A correlation between the reversibility of the bronze|solid electrolyte interface, which is characterized by the exchange current density, and the rate of potential equilibration in sensor systems, where the bronze is a reference electrode, is revealed. Ionic component of the conductivity of the synthesized tungsten oxide bronzes is measured at a background of the predominant electronic conductivity. The ionic conductivity is three orders of magnitude lower than the electronic conductivity; it decreases in the series Rb0.33WO3 > Cs0.33WO3 > K0.33WO3, amounting to 2.3 × 10−2, 2.1 × 10−3, and 2 × 10−4 S cm−1, respectively. The working capacity of the M0.3WO3 bronzes as reference electrodes in sensor systems for carbon dioxide detection is evaluated. The plots of the cell potential vs. the CO2 concentration in the electrochemical cells are linear, their slopes (59 ± 1 mV/decade) are characteristic for one-electron process. The fastest response to changes in the CO2 concentration was obtained with the sensor system that used Rb0.33WO3 as reference electrode.

Targeted therapy (lapatinib and/or trastuzumab) in combination with chemotherapy (capecitabine) is highly effective in metastatic lesions of the brain in breast cancer patients with overexpress HER-2/neu. An objective response in the brain was achieved in 19 patients (55.9%). Complete regression was observed in 5 cases (14.7%), partial regression--14 (41.2%). Stabilization of tumor process in the brain was revealed in 12 patients (35.3%). There was marked improvement in the quality of life of the majority of patients due to the regression of symptoms and good tolerability of treatment.

e13027 Background: Metastases in the brain is a rare complication of the tumor process in patients (pts) with ovarian cancer. About 1–2% of all pts with ovarian cancer develop BM, leading to a poor prognosis and a median survival of 18 years with ECOG performanse status (PS) of 0–2. From November 2005 to January 2014, 10 pts with ovarian cancer and BM were enrolled in this study. 7 pts (70%) had extracranial lesions. We studied the effectiveness of various treatment regimens: 5 pts received paclitaxel + carboplatin, 2 pts received topotecan, 3 pts received cyclophosphan + carboplatin, until radiologically-verified progressive disease. The primary endpoints were objec...

e19012 Background: There have not been standards of chemo- and chemo-radiotherapy for treatment for patients with brain metastases. The patients (pts) with brain metastases (BM) from melanoma have poor prognoses. The main goal of this trial is to assess the efficacy of nitrosoureas (CCNU or FCNU), temozolomide (TMZ) as monotherapy, TMZ combined with whole brain irradiation (WBI), or combined chemotherapy of TMZ and cisplatin in pts with BM from melanoma. Methods: 78 pts were included in this study. 21 pts were treated with WBI (3Gy/30Gy) and concomitant TMZ therapy (75 mg/m2/day orally on days 1-14), 19 pts were treated with TMZ (150 mg/m2/day orally on days 1-5, every 4 weeks) as monotherapy, 17 pts pts were treated with nitrosoureas (CCNU or FCNU), 21 pts were treated with combined chemotherapy of TMZ (150/mg/m2/day orally on days 1-5, every 4 weeks) + cisplatin (20/mg/m2/day intravenous on days 1-5, every 4 weeks). The main aims of this study were objective response (OR) – complete response (CR) + partial response (PR) in the brain and in the extracranial sites (ES), median of survival (mOS), 1-year and 2-year survival. Results: Observations were as follows: in the TMZ + WBI treated pts, 4 OR (19,0%) in 21 pts group in the brain and 1 OR (6,7%) in 15 pts group in ES. The mOS was 6.0 months, 1-year survival was 23,8%. In the TMZ monotherapy treated pts there were 5 OR (26,3%) in 19 pts group in the brain and no OR in 13 pts group in ES. The mOS was 6 months, 1-year survival was 21,1%. In the nitrisoureas treated pts we achieved 2 OR (11,8%) in 17 pts group in the brain and 1 OR (9,1%) in 11 pts group in ES. The mOS was 5 months, 1-year survival was 17,6%. In the TMZ + cisplatin treated pts there were 7 OR (33.3%) in 21 pts group in the brain and 7 OR (35,0%) in 20 pts group in ES. The mOS was 8 months, 1-year survival was 33,3%. 2-year survival (19,0%) was achieved only in TMZ and cisplatin group. Conclusions: Previous results of our study showed promising higher efficacy of TMZ and cisplatin, especially in OR in ES (p

1125 Background: Standards of chemotherapy for treatment of brain metastases is not available till present time. Purpose of this trial is to assess the efficacy and toxicity of gemcitabine (G) + ci...

e12539 Background: To assess the efficacy of temozolomide (TMZ) as monotherapy, RNMZ combined with whole brain irradiation (WBI), or combined chemotherapy of RNMZ and irinotecan (I) in patients (pt...

1. It has been found that synthetic rubber does not precipitate from a solution of dichloromethane by the addition of Wijs reagent, whereas natural rubber does precipitate under the same conditions. The reverse relation occurs with carbon disulfide as solvent. 2. A method has been developed for the determination of the unsaturation of butadiene rubber in solution in dichloromethane by the use of Wijs reagent. 3. It has been demonstrated that, by the use of a solution of iodine chloride in carbon tetrachloride, the reaction with rubber is complicated by the hydrolysis of iodine chloride during titration, but not by the substitution of hydrogen by halogen nor by the hydrolysis of the rubber-halogen addition product. 4. The possibility of obtaining accurate values for unsaturation by a calculation of this hydrolysis is demonstrated. 5. Two methods have been developed for the determination of the unsaturation of natural and butadiene rubbers.

New polymerizable biphenyl derivatives were prepared for the first time: 4-bromo-4′-vinylbiphenyl, 4′-vinyl-4-biphenylcarboxylic acid, and tributyltin 4′-vinyl-4-biphenylcarboxylate.