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Atopic dermatitis is the common chronic inflammatory disorder, characterized by skin irritation, itch, often accompanied by respiratory allergy symptoms - allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma. AD prevalence varies between 15-30% in children and 2-14% in adults in industrialized countries. The pathophysiology of atopic dermatitis is complex encompassing genetic predisposition to allergy, dysregulation of innate and adaptive immunity and environmental risk factors. Recent genetic and molecular research has focused interest on skin barrier function and it’s role in AD pathogenesis. It has been established that disruption of the epidermal barrier leads to increased permeability of the epidermis, pathological inflammation in the skin, and percutaneous sensitization to allergens. Thus, most novel treatment strategies seek to target immune therapy, repair of epidermal barrier and prevention of sensibilization and atopic march. The article is devoted to skin barrier function disruption in AD and beneficial role of emollients in skin care; clinical case is presented.

The results of clinical observation of 60 patients with urticaria (n=30) and perennial allergic rhinitis (n=30) aged from 12 to 61 years old are presented. All patients were treated with bilastine 20 mg once a day during 30 days. The assessment of urticaria activity score (UAS, UAS7), nasal and non nasal symptoms severity score of allergic rhinitis has been performed before, 2 weeks and 4 weeks of the treatment. The majority of patients demonstrated control of disease symptoms. The efficacy and safety of bilastine 20 mg in chronic spontaneous and acute urticaria as well as allergic rhinitis was shown.

The updated Federal clinical recommendations on urticaria are presented (2018).

The aim of the work – to analyze the methods and means of training aimed at optimizing the teaching of the discipline of Psychiatry. Narcology at the Department of Psychiatry, General and Medical Psychology, Dnipropetrovsk Medical Academy. The main body. Taking into account that Ukraine has occupied the leading place in the number of mental disorders in Europe for several years, it became necessary to change the attitude of the students of medical universities to the problems that for decades were engaged only by psychiatrists. For improving the quality of education, interest in the subject being studied, as well as for the development of non-standard, creative thinking students at the Department of Psychiatry, General and Medical Psychology of Dnipropetrovsk Medical Academy widely apply such tasks as crossword, cases, including video cases, role-playing games, as well as to determine the effectiveness of the proposed forms of assessment of student knowledge, a unified questionnaire was developed. In order to exclude subjectivity in the evaluation of these nobles, as well as to optimize and standardize the work of teachers, a multilevel system of training and evaluation was introduced that is based on the so-called “levels of learning” by V. P. Bespalko. Conclusion. Continuous and unceasing improvement of the teaching process at the Department of Psychiatry, General and Medical Psychology of Dnipropetrovsk Medical Academy allows to deepen the knowledge of future specialists in the discipline of Psychiatry. Narcology.

Background. To study tacrolimus 0,1% ointment influence on the skin local immune parameters in patients with moderate and severe atopic dermatitis (AD). Materials and methods. The study included 30 patients with moderate (n=20) and severe (n=10) AD. All patients underwent a topical continuous course of treatment with tacrolimus 0,1% ointment twice a day for 14 days. The clinical efficacy of tacrolimus 0,1% ointment was evaluated by the change of the following parameters: SCORAD index, Investigator Global Assessment (IGA) before and after the treatment. All patients underwent a study of local immune response before and after the treatment with the assessment of the expression of IL4, IL5, IL7, IL8, IL10, IL17A, IL23, IL23, IFNγ TGFB1, FOXP3 genes in irritated and treated skin lesions obtained by biopsy. Results. Positive clinical effect - reduction of infiltration, papular rash, dryness, intensity of itch, reflected in the significant decreasing of SCORAD index and IGA was found. The significant decreasing of TGFß (p=0,043308) and IL8 (p=0,038867) gene expression level was revealed, TGFβ and IL8 are the markers of chronic inflammation in atopic dermatitis. The decrease of these parameters during the topical tacrolimus treatment demonstrates local immune response changes in the skin, accompanied by improvement of AD symptoms. Conclusion. The study showed clinical efficacy as well as immunosuppressive activity of tacrolimus 0,1% ointment in patients with moderate and severe AD represented in decreasing of proinflammatory cytokines gene expression TGFβ and IL8 in skin lesions.

This review is devoted to analyses of data on efficacy and safety of bilastine in allergic diseases therapy.

Background. The aim of this study was to assess the antibiotic resistance of S. aureus isolated from the skin of atopic dermatitis (AD) children. Materials and methods. 256 AD children were included in the study in 2014-2016. Microbiological examination of skin scraping and determination of antibiotics sensitivity were performed. Results. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated in 173 (67,6%) of 256 patients. Resistance to erythromycin was established in 64,6 and 74,6%, respectively. Retrospective analyses showed that S. aureus became more sensitive to ampicillin, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin but more resistant to erythromycin. Conclusion. Ceftriaxone and cefoxitin but not erythromycin and ampicillin are the drugs of choice for the treatment of atopic dermatitis complicated by secondary infection in children.

A food allergy is an abnormal immune response to food, mostly depended on IgE-mediated reactions. One of the most common symptoms of children’s food allergy is atopic dermatitis. The primary goal of diet therapy is the correct choice of hypoallergenic formula. In this article the cases of using amino-acid based formula «Neocate Advance»® in treatment of children with severe atopic dermatitis and cow’s milk food allergy are considered.

This review is devoted to analyses of data on efficacy and safety of desloratadine in chronic urticaria therapy.

The revised recomendations on chronic urticaria diagnostics and treatment created by leading Russian experts are presented.

Мета роботи – розробка та впровадження в практичну педагогічну діяльність рольових ігор з деяких тем дисципліни “Психіатрія. Наркологія”.Основна частина. Сучасна медична освіта потребує від студентів не лише освоєння певних знань та вмінь, а формування необхідних компетентностей, тобто навичок використання отриманих знань у практичній діяльності. Однією з таких компетентностей є здатність швидко та ефективно діагностувати невротичні розлади у хворих. Дослідження базувалось на оцінці ефективності використання авторських рольових ігор при вивченні теми “Невротичні розлади”. У дослідженні взяли участь 44 студенти IV курсу медичних факультетів спеціальності “Лікувальна справа”. Для оцінки ефективності рольових ігор використано опитувальник, який включав 4 питання про доцільність, ефективність та особисті враження студентів від запропонованої форми навчання. Отримані результати виявили високу ефективність та позитивне ставлення студентів до даного методу.Висновки. За результатами проведеного дослідження зроблено висновок про можливість та доцільність використання рольових ігор у навчанні студентів дисципліни “Психіатрія. Наркологія”, оскільки виступаючи або у ролі хворого, або у ролі лікаря студенти краще та глибше структурують отримання знання та можуть у безпечних умовах тренуватися використовувати їх на практиці. Запропонована форма заняття здатна поліпшити рівень навчання студентів та формувати заплановані типовою навчальною програмою компетенції з дисципліни “Психіатрія. Наркологія”.

Мета роботи – пошук шляхів покращення засвоєння деяких тем при навчанні студентів дисципліни “Психіатрія. Наркологія”, зокрема за допомогою кросвордів.Основна частина. Дослідження базувалось на вивченні матеріалів, отриманих із відкритих джерел інформації, та використанні авторських кросвордів, створених на кафедрі психіатрії, загальної та медичної психології ДЗ “Дніпропетровська медична академія МОЗ України”. У дослідженні взяли участь 57 вітчизняних студентів 4 курсу спеціальності “Лікувальна справа”, яким замість вхідного тестового контролю необхідно було розв’язати кросворди за темою практичного заняття “Психічні та поведінкові розлади внаслідок вживання речовин, які не внесені в державний перелік наркотиків”. Також для визначення ефективності запропонованої форми оцінки знань студентів було розроблено опитувальник, що містить 4 питання. Отримані результати виявили як позитивне, так і негативне ставлення з боку студентів до ефективності даного способу.Висновки. Розв’язання кросвордів в якості контролю аудиторної роботи студентів стало позитивним досвідом практичного застосування нових способів навчання. Використання кросвордів у викладанні дисципліни може бути потужним стимулом для набуття нових знань. Однак більш доцільно застосовувати дану методику в якості самоконтролю або для контролю самостійної позааудиторної роботи, що поліпшить рівень навчання студентів та сформує заплановані навчальною програмою компетенції з дисципліни “Психіатрія. Наркологія”.

Background. The study aimed to develop the optimal concentration and doses of drugs for examination of perioperative drug’s hypersensitivity reactions. Methods. The protocol of allergological examination included clinical, laboratory methods and tests in vivo: skin tests (prick-, intradermal, patch- test) with neuromuscular blockers, opioids, radiocontrast medias, colloids, hypnotics; patch-test with povidon-iodine, chlorhexidine; dosing provocative test (including investigation of blood, nasal secretion eosinophilia, serum tryptase measurements) with antibiotics, nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drugs, local anesthetics. 20 healthy volunteers were included in the study during 2 years (2010-2012) for estimating of the doses and concentrations of testing drugs. Results. Non irritating concentrations for skin tests (prick- and intradermal) with perioperative drugs have been estimated on healthy controls. No one of healthy controls had false positive tests and nonspecific histamine-release effects while testing in vivo. Increased tryptase level 1 h after and the level of blood eosinophilia and eosinophiliaof nasal secretion 6 hours after dosing provocation test with each drug were found to be statistically insignificant. Conclusions. Optimal concentrations and doses of drugs for allergological examination of perioperative drug’s hypersensitivity reactions were estimated.

AD is a multifactorial disease, which is based on genetic disorders, immune mechanisms and influence of exogenous and endogenous factors. Study of immunopathogenesis of atopic dermatitis, it’s specific biomarkers, triggers is very important for understanding of causes and mechanisms of the disease as well as for developing of new methods of treatment. The review describes the current views on the immune response in AD.

Background. To estimate efficiency of combined therapy with methylprednisolone aceponatis and «Bepanten Plus»® in adult patients with moderate and severe atopic dermatitis. Methods. We examined 32 adult patients, who were treated with TGCS methylprednisolone aceponatis and «Bepanten Plus»®. The efficiency of therapy was estimated with index SCORAD, IGA and subjective patients assessment. For 15 of 32 patients swabs for bacterial isolation to estimate Staphylococcus aureus growth were taken from lesional skin before therapy and on the 14 th or 20 th days of treatment. Results. The аverage value of index SCORAD decreased after 15 days of therapy, Me 41,7 to Me 23,3 a point (p

Drug’s hypersensitivity reactions occurring during perioperative period are potentially life-threatening clinical conditions and require a different approach. This review covers current understanding of epidemiology and clinical sings of drug’s hypersensitivity reactions occurring during perioperative period. It focuses on reducing the risk of anaphylaxis during anesthesia.

Background. To investigate the drug’s hypersensitivity reactions occuring during perioperative period in central clinical hospital of the russian academy of sciences during 2010-2012 years. The article proposes the introduction of the special questionnaire for perioperative anaphylactic risk assessment. Materials and methods. We compiled a questionnaire for perioperative drug hypersensitivity risk assessment. The questionnaire built up by recording the individual scores related to the most relevant anaphylaxis parameters (i. e. medical history, symptoms and medication for asthma, rhinitis and urticaria etc.) and by adding them on all together; consists of 2 parts: questions in part 1 correspond to the doctor, questions in part 2 - to the patient. Based on the results of the questionnaire, the risk of drug’s hypersensitivity reactions was estimated as low, me- dium, high or very high. We performed retrospective questionnaire survey using special questionnaire of 3240 allergic patients [2398 (74%) women, 842 (26%) man - aged between 18-85 years old (50,3±0,3)] in preoperative period in central clinical hospital of the russian academy of sciences during 2010-2012. The control group consisted of 20 healthy respondents, those with no medical education. all reviewed patients had anesthesia and surgical interventions, 23 of them (13 women, 10 men aged between 22-84 years old) showed drug’s hypersen- sitivity reactions during early postoperative period. Results. all respondents noted clarity and concreteness of the items of the questionnaire. reproducible answers amounted to 95%. We detected the increase of the resulting frequency of the perioperative drug hypersensiti- vity in patients with increasing number of scores. The questionnaire was able to distinguish patients with risk of perioperative drug hypersensitivity reactions (known-group validity). identified significant differences in rates of patients with allergic diseases and practically healthy persons (p< 0,001). Conclusion. The questionnaire is a reliable, valid, and sensitive tool for screening patients at risk of perioperative drug’s hypersensitivity reactions. The questionnaire could be used in the perioperative period to evaluate the anaphylactic risk and to prescribe risk-oriented premedication protocols.

Background. To evaluate clinical features and to develop the diagnostic algorithm of perioperative drug’s hypersensitivity reactions. Methods. 40 patients who presented perioperative immediate drug’s hypersensitivity reactions were studied in the Central Clinical hospital of the Russian Academy of sciences during 2010-2012. The diagnostic protocol consisted of 2 steps: at the 1 step (during the acute clinical manifestation period) a case history, grade of severity of immediate hypersensitivity reactions, serum tryptase levels have been studied; at the 2 step (6-12 weeks after symptoms were over) inhibition test of natural emigration of leukocytes by Ado, sublingual, skin tests and drug provocation tests have been performed. Results. Clinical manifestations of drugs hypersensitivity were as follows: hypersensitivity reactions grade I (isolated cutaneous manifestations) - in 20 patients (50%), anaphylactic-type reactions - in 20 patients (50%): grade II (moderate anaphylaxis) - in 13 patients (32,5%), grade III (severe life-threatening anaphylaxis) - in 6 (15%), and grade IV (cardiac and respiratory arrest) - in 1 patient (2,5%). Positive tests at least with 1 drug had 28 patients (70%): neuromusculars blockers (22,5%); antibiotics (22,5%); lidocaine (10%); amidotrizoate (7,5%); NSAID (7,5%). Other 12 patients had negative tests (30%) with all suspected agents and moderate clinical symptoms if to compare with others 28 patients (p

Background.. To investigate expression of cytokines genes parameters in skin and blood in severe atopic dermatitis (AD) and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) patients comparing with healthy donors. Materials and methods. 20 severe AD patients, 20 CTCL patients and 20 healthy donors were included in the study. Skin samples and peripheral blood were used as material for immunological study. Interleukins — (IL)1B, IL2, IL2r, IL4, IL5, IL6, IL7, IL8, IL10, IL12A, IL12B, IL15 (total), IL15 , IL17A, IL18, IL23, IL28, IL29, Interferon γ (IFNγ), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFB1), forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) gene expression was defined in the skin and peripheral blood of severe AD patients, CTCL patients and healthy donors by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results. Statistically significant increase of cytokines genes IL4,IL12B,IL17A, TNFα in peripheral blood of severe AD patients compared with CTCL patients was marked. Studying of skin samples from CTCL patients has shown statistically significant increase of cytokines IL8, IL10, IL15, IFNγ genes expression and decrease of IL18 gene expression in comparison with skin samples from severe AD patients. Conclusion. Obtained cytokines genes expression cytokines genes parameters in peripheral blood of severe AD and CTCL patients had a certain similarities consisting of increased IL8, IFNγ and decreased IL6, IL23 genes expression in comparison with healthy donors. Substantial differences in peripheral blood of patients in comparison with healthy donors: increased IL-5, IL-12B genes expression in AD patients and decreased IL-8, IL-12A genes expression in CTCL patients, at the same time increased expression of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IFNγ genes in severe AD and CTCL patients were shown.

The role of Malassezia and Candida infection in pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis, as well as the results of Sertaconazole cream efficiency in atopic dermatitis are given in the article.

Drug’s side effects are considered to be a difficult area of medicine. This review covers adverse drugs reactions classification, current understanding of pathogenesis and pharmacovigilance.

The article is devoted to natural course of atopic dermatitis in children and new trends in topical treatment with tacrolimus 0,03%.

The prevalence of herpes simplex virus in different age groups, the high frequency of relapsing forms of infection, torpid course, postherpetic complications are relevant medical and social problems. Often, practitioners create significant difficulties in establishing the diagnosis, choice of strategy in patients with herpes simplex. The paper presents the methods of diagnosis of herpes simplex and their application in atopic dermatitis patients, issues of acyclic nucleoside therapy (acyclovir, famciclovir) in different clinical forms of herpes simplex with individual approach to the selection of an antiviral drug and patterns of use.

The basic results of clinical researches on efficacy and safety studying sublingual allergenspecific immunotherapy (slASIT) are presented in the review. The results of SUBLINGUAL application of allergens in Russian Federation are presented.

According to various authors up to 25% of athletes suffer from allergies. In this review, we are talking about allergodermatoses. Various immunological mechanisms are underlying of skin reactions in elite athletes. Interesting facts about anaphylaxis, associated with physical activity and consumption of some food as well as about contact and atopic dermatitis are presented.

A randomized placebo-controlled study to evaluate the effectiveness of the air cleaning technology with device IQAir HealthPro Series Model 250 (Switzerland) for comprehensive treatment of patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma was carried out. The significant reduction in the number of pollen grains in the air space and the clinical improvement was demonstrated, but no effect on lung function, blood and nasal mucus eosinophilia was revealed.

Atopic dermatitis is a disease characterized with increasing prevalence around the world. It has chronic relapsing course and has a negative impact on the quality of life. Topical steroids (TS) due to their mechanisms of action remain the mainstay of topical treatment for AD patients. At the same time, well known side effects associated with corticosteroid therapy, although seen more frequently with incorrect TS use, and rare with the use of modern TS, in some instances limit their use. That is a reason for proper selection of topical treatment algorythms of AD including emollients and other medications in addition to the TS.

The own data of the retrospective analysis of 88 atopic dermatitis (AD) clinical cases from 2011 to 2012 are presented in this article. 3 clinical cases of tacrolimus using in AD patients, who had side effects of long lasting topical corticosteroids application are described.

The review is devoted to severe atopic dermatitis and T-cell lymphoma, similarities and differences in their pathogenesis and clinical features.

Background. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence and incidence of allergic rhinitis (AR) and bronchial asthma (BA) among different groups of population of Samara region during 2001—2010. Methods. Material for analysis was taken from the statistic forms of municipality hospitals of Samara and the Samara region (form No. 12) during 2001—2010 in comparison with the corresponding indicators of Volga federal region (PFO) and the Russian Federation. Results. Prevalence of BAin all groups of patients in the Samara region in 2009 was revealed. These indicators were more than such indicators in Russian Federation — among children on 25%, in teenagers on 38%, in adult on 50%. Prevalence of AR among children and teenagers exceeded indicators in Russian Federation — among children on 44%, teenagers — on 68%. The incidence of asthma in adults is 2,5 times higher than the incidence of AR (95,8—30,5 per 100 thousand). Conclusion. High prevalence of AR and asthma in the Samara region with a tendency to increase, the discrepancy indices studied data from epidemiological studies that require further implementation of international recommendations for diagnosis, treatment and prevention of AR among general practitioners.

Background. The clinical efficiency and safety of tacrolimus ointment 0,1%, accessible in the Russian market since 2011, in moderate and severe atopic dermatitis (AD) were investigated. The assessment was based on the data of tacrolimus using in routine clinical practice under the registered indication. Methods. There were 19 moderate and 11 severe AD patients under supervision. Treatment with tacrolimus ointment 0,1% was started with twice a day application. Duration of this treatment was from 1 to 4 weeks (18±4,2 days) up to skin clearance. When symptoms were reduced, the frequency of tacrolimus application was reduced as well to once a day daily, and than to twice a week. Generally, improvement was observed within one week of treatment. Clinical efficiency was assessed by SCORAD index and Investigators' Global Assessment (IGA). Results. Positive clinical effect of tacrolimus 0,1% ointment therapy was found in 90% of AD patients resulted in significant reduction of dryness, rushes, skin itch, SCORAD and IGA indexes. Conclusion. Tacrolimus 0,1% ointment is effective and safe for treatment of severe and moderate AD. It should be applied both as exacerbations treatment and as maintenance therapy in AD patients.

Background. To establish the clinical and immunological features of the manifestations of allergic diseases in children with IgE-mediated sensitization to potato. Methods. allergy tests (skin prick tests and / or the determination of specific IgE in serum by ImmunoCap, Phadia was performed in 171 children with allergic diseases, who had sensitization to food plant proteins. Results. sensitization to the potato found in 134 children. significant discrepancies (36%) in the results of in vitro and in vivo tests to the potatoes were shown. sensitization to the potatoes is more common in patients with atopic dermatitis (ad), especially in severe disease. among children with the level of specific IgE antibodies to potato ≥2 kUa / l there were more common patients with severe ad. the correlation between the level of specific IgE antibodies to the potatoes and some of food plant proteins was found. the relationship between the concentration of specific IgE to the potatoes and Bet v 2 was not detected. Conclusion. the presence and concentration of specific IgE to the potatoes to a certain extent associated with clinical manifestations of ad. the data obtained substantiate the determination of specific IgE antibodies to potato in children with ad, especially in severe cases.

In this article the case of AD patient with secondary infertility is presented. The therapy of this patient included the course of modern hepatoprotector and immunomodulator «Laennek» («Japan Bioproducts Industry Co has been spent., Ltd», Japan), which is a human placenta hydrolysate. The treatment has allowed not only to reach AD remission, but also has influenced a current of secondary infertility and has led to long¬expected pregnancy.

Background. To investigate the influence of mometasone furoate 0,1% cream on cytokine gene expression in the skin and peripheral blood of atopic dermatitis (AD) patients comparing with control. Material and methods. 40 AD patients were included in the study and divided into 2 groups. group 1 patients were given continuous course of mometasone furoate 0,1% cream treatment for 14 days. group 2 patients were given indifferent emollient elobase cream for 14 days. Clinical efficacy of the treatment was assessed on the following features: SCORAD index, Investigators global Assessment (IgA) score and subjective assessment of itch and dryness of the skin according to skin area to be studied. Skin samples and peripheral blood of atopic dermatitis were used as material for immunological study. Interleukin (IL)1B, IL2, IL2r, IL4, IL5, IL6, IL7, IL8, IL10, IL 12A, IL12B, IL15 (total), IL15 , IL17A, IL18, IL23, IL28, IL29, Interferon (IFN)-ƒ, Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFB1), forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) gene expression were defined in the skin and peripheral blood of AD patients by realtime reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-pCR). Results. positive clinical effect was found with all AD patients on the mometasone furoate 0,1% cream therapy background for 14 days and also dryness, rushes and skin itch decreased. Stаtistical significant decrease of proinflammatory cytokines IL2, IL2r, IL5, IL8, IL12В, IL23, IFN-ƒ gene expression was marked. They are the markers of chronic inflammation and Th1 immune response. Studying peripheral blood after mometasone furoate 0,1% cream treatment increase of TGFB1, FOXP3 gene expression level was found. no significant changes of cytokine gene expression in AD patients, who got elobase cream were found. Conclusion. Antiinflammatory activity of mometasone furoate 0,1% cream was shown by its influence on proinflammatory cytokines IL2, IL2r, IL5, IL8, IL12В, IL23, IFN-ƒ gene expression in the skin and mechanisms of immune response in moderate and severe AD patients.

The purpose of research. The purpose was to investigate alpha-defensin levels in the circularly neutrophiles of atopic dermatitis and pyodermia patients in comparison with healthy donors. Materials and methods. 27 patients with atopic dermatitis, 31 patients with pyodermia in comparison with 17 healthy donors were investigated. Intracellular alpha-defensin levels in neutrophils in the peripheral blood were estimated by flow cytometry with mouse anti-HNP-antibodies (Hy cult biotechnology). Results. The alpha-defensins level in patients with atopic dermatitis and pyodermia was reduced in comparison with healthy donors. More expressed decrease of alpha-defensins level was obtained in patients with pyodermia and sever atopic dermatitis with skin infection. Conclusion. Thus, a decrease of alpha-defensins levels in atopic dermatitis and pyodermia patients, possibly, is a marker of the chronic bacterial inflammation and may cause chronic bacterial skin disease, St. aureus colonizations and tolerance to the therapy.

It is well known that atopic dermatitis patientsґ skin is highly contaminated with S. aureus. On the one hand S. aureus can cause pyodermia, and on the other hand it is a classical allergen and can initiate IgE production. Also patientsґ skin is contaminated with some other bacteria, fungi and viruses. This predisposition to a skin infection arises, at least, partly, because of a defect in protection against the microbes, named innate immunity. One component of innate immune system are antimicrobial peptides: defensins and cathelicidin LL- 37. Human defensins are peptides with cysteine structure, they are found out in circularly neutrophiles. Defensins are effective against a wide spectrum of microorganisms, including gram-negative, gram-positive bacteria, fungi and some viruses. Except their direct antimicrobial function, defensins have multiple roles as mediators of inflammation, have chemotactic, immunomodulating and cytotoxic activity and others as well. It is proved that the b-defensins and cathelicidin LL- 37 level is decreased in atopic dermatitis patients and can predispose to microorganisms colonization on a skin of this patients. The level of antimicrobial peptides is increased in infected skin.

The own data concerning cream pimecrolimus 1% application in atopic dermatitis patients complicated with steroid rosacea are presented.

Background. To study the clinical effectiveness of topical immune modulator cream thymogen 0,05% and its influence on some immunological parameters in the skin and blood of atopic dermatitis (AD) patients. Materials and methods. 40 people were included in the study, who were divided into main (AD patients, n=20) and a control group (healthy donors, n=20). All AD patients received topical treatment with cream thymogen 0,05% during 14 days. Patients applied cream to affected skin 2 times daily. Clinical efficacy of the treatment was assessed by changes of following parameters: investigated global assessment (IGA), subjective evaluation of the itch intensity and skin dryness . Samples of skin biopsies and peripheral blood of AD patients and healthy donors were tested for gene expression of cytokines by polymerase chain reaction in real time. Results. Topical treatment with cream thymogen 0,05% during 14 days in all AD patients showed positive clinical effect: reduction of dryness and itch. Immunological analysis revealed a significant increasing of cytokine IL-7 gene expression and decreasing of cytokines IL-8, IL-5 genes expression (p