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An assessment of the existing methods of controlling the quality of mineral raw materials during mining and possible ways of increasing their efficiency is presented. Criteria for evaluating the ore massif are given, depending on the mineral and chemical composition, structural and other features. As a result of the studies, the problem of increasing the efficiency of ore preparation was solved based on the use of chemical analysis of the granulometric composition of the processed ore (charge), which provided an increase in the extraction of the useful component, which makes the model of the charge of ores from various deposits more accurate.

Metagenomic analysis was conducted to assess the microbial community in the high-altitude Tamdykul geothermal spring in Tajikistan. This analysis yielded six high-quality bins from the members of Thermaceae, Aquificaceae, and Halothiobacillaceae, with a 41.2%, 19.7%, and 18.1% share in the total metagenome, respectively. Minor components included Schleiferia thermophila (1.6%) and members of the archaeal taxa Pyrobaculum (1.2%) and Desulfurococcaceae (0.7%). Further analysis of the metagenome-assembled genome (MAG) from the Desulfurococcaceae family (MAG002) revealed novel taxonomy with only 80.95% closest placement average nucleotide identity value to its most closely related member of the Desulfurococcaceae family, which is part of the Thermoproteota phylum comprising hyperthermophilic members widespread in geothermal environments. MAG002 consisted of 1.3 Mbp, distributed into 48 contigs with 1504 predicted coding sequences, had an average GC content of 41.3%, a completeness and contamination rate of 98.7% and 2.6%, respectively, and branched phylogenetically between the Ignisphaera and Zestosphaera lineages. Digital DNA-DNA hybridization values compared with Ignisphaera aggregans and Zestosphaera tikiterensis were 33.7% and 19.4%, respectively, suggesting that this MAG represented a novel species and genus. Its 16S rRNA gene contained a large 421 bp intron. It encodes a complete gluconeogenesis pathway involving a bifunctional fructose-1,6-bisphosphate phosphatase/aldolase; however, the glycolysis pathway is incomplete. The ribulose monophosphate pathway enzymes could be used for pentose synthesis. MAG002 encodes several hydrogen-evolving hydrogenases, with possible roles as hydrogen sinks during fermentation. We propose the name Zestomicrobium tamdykulense gen. nov. sp. nov. for this organism; it is the first thermophilic genome reported from Tajikistan., (© 2024 The Author(s). MicrobiologyOpen published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Agrobacterium radiobacter strain MD22b was isolated from infected fruit from Vatan Farm, a dekhkan farm in Yangibog (Tursunzade, Tajikistan). The 5.7-Mbp draft genome sequence presented here shares homology with chromosomes 1 and 2, as well as with the Ti plasmid from agrobacteria.

Fervidobacterium pennivorans subsp. keratinolyticus subsp. nov. strain T was isolated from a terrestrial, high-altitude hot spring in Tajikistan. This strain is an obligate anaerobic rod and their cells occur singly, in pairs, or as short chains under the optimal growth conditions of a temperature of 65 °C and pH 6.5, with peptone, glucose, and galactose as the preferred substrates. The minimum generation time of this strain is 150 min. Strain T can efficiently degrade feather keratin at 65-75 °C; this unusual feature is also exhibited by a few other members of the Fervidobacterium genus. The total genome size of this bacterial strain is 2,002,515 base pairs, with a C + G content of 39.0%. The maximum digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) value of 76.9% was observed on comparing the genome of this strain with that of Fervidobacterium pennivorans type strain DSM9078. This study describes the physiological and genomic properties of strain T, with an emphasis on its keratinolytic power and differences from other members of the genus Fervidobacterium .

Clinical Case: The article presents a clinical case of a 58-year-old patient T.N.V with enterocele following radical cystectomy with heterotopic neobladder.

The 4.6-Mbp draft genome sequence of Escherichia coli strain Tj, isolated from the Varzob River in Tajikistan, is presented. This strain possesses four prophage elements related to Shigella phage SfV, E. coli O157:H7-specific phage ϕV10, lambdoid phage HK225, and coliphage Ayreon. It contains a gene encoding a hemolysin E toxin., (Copyright © 2020 Dzhuraeva et al.)

Urethral diverticulum is one of the rarest female urological diseases, which is characterized by various manifestations, ranging from an asymptomatic to severe urinary disorders, pain and dyspareunia. The aim of this work is to present a clinical observation of female urethral diverticulum with a description and discussion of its etiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Clinical observation is dedicated to 40-year-old woman with complaints of pain in the urethral area. The patient underwent ureteral stenting followed by a diverticulectomy. Vaginal diverticulectomy is the gold standard for treatment. The specialist performing such interventions should be aware for possible intraoperative complications. It seems appropriate to perform the surgical treatment of female urethral diverticulum in specialized centers with an experience in female urethral reconstruction.

Suprapubic cartilaginous cyst represents a rare disease. Considering its low prevalence, only 9 clinical case have been described in literature. This lesion is often overlooked due to absence of clinical manifestations, incomplete diagnosis or the lack of necessary information about the disease. We observed a 74-year-old woman whose diagnosis of suprapubic cartilaginous cyst was confirmed by biopsy, as well as ultrasound, computer tomography and MRI results.

Aim: To estimate the prevalence and severity of lower urinary tract symptoms in the female population using a LUTS-specific questionnaire., Materials and Methods: The study analyzed the prevalence of LUTS in the population of women residing in the Russian Federation. Information about voiding disorders in women, which was announced on federal television health-related programs, was posted on the website of the medical portal zdorovieinfo.ru. All questionnaires were filled in by the patients anonymously. The questionnaire was prepared by the editors of the website. We analyzed the survey results., Results: After the TV announcement, the survey website was visited by more than 15,000 people. Of them, 2,600 people filled the questionnaire (17% of the number of visitors). The findings of the survey suitable for the analysis were obtained from 2419 women (93.07%) and 181 men (6.93%). The mean age of female participants was 55 years old., Conclusion: The study had some limitations and was not truly epidemiological, as it involved only those women who had information and technical access to the Internet portal and questionnaires. Despite this, the findings suggest the high prevalence of LUTS among women in our country.

A single exposure of pregnant rats to 1 and 2 Gy radiation on days 3, 13 and 17 of reception changes the phospholipid content in membranes of liver mitochondria of fetus and maternal body. The changes are particularly pronounced on day 3 of reception: as the embryo grows the decline in the phospholipid content from the control level decreases.