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The anthropometric index that best predicts cardiometabolic risk remains inconclusive. This study therefore assessed the prevalence of obesity using six indices and compared their associations with obesity-related cardiometabolic disorders. We determined obesity prevalence according to body mass index, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), body fat percentage and fat mass index (FMI) using data from the Know Your Heart study ( n  = 4495, 35-69 years). The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) provided predictive values of each index for detecting the presence of hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia and diabetes. Age-standardised obesity prevalence significantly varied according to anthropometric index: from 17.2% (FMI) to 75.8% (WHtR) among men and from 23.6% (FMI) to 65.0% (WHtR) among women. WHtR had the strongest association with hypertension (AUC = 0.784; p  < 0.001) and with a combination of disorders (AUC = 0.779; p  < 0.001) in women. In women, WHtR also had the largest AUCs for hypercholesterolaemia, in men - for hypertension, diabetes and a combination of disorders, although not all the differences from other obesity indices were significant. WHtR exhibited the closest association between hypertension and a combination of disorders in women and was non-inferior compared to other indices in men.

The review focused on the prognostic significance of hyperglycemia and glycemia variability in patients both with type 2 DM and without previously detected disorders of carbohydrate metabolism hospitalized for decompensated CHF. Results of recent studies of glycemia variability, stress-induced hypoglycemia, and their effect on prognosis for patients with decompensated CHF were analyzed.

The authors studied the pattern of fatty tissue distribution in the body and revealed changes In the baseline and postprandial levels of serum lipids and insulin In females with cholelithiasis (CL) obese. Ninety-five females were examined. These included 41 patients with CL and obesity, 20 patients with the normal body mass index and CL, and 34 obese females without CL. The pattern of abdominal adipose tissue distribution was determined by computed tomography. The serum levels of major lipids and immunoreactive insulin (IRI) were measured at the baseline and 3 and 9 hours after administration of fat emulsion (130 g of fat per 2 m2 of body surface). There was a significant predominance of the area of visceral adipose tissue (VFT) at the level of the gallbladder. In the groups of CL patients, the percent of VFT of the total abdominal adipose tissue was higher than that in obese patients without CL. During a dietary fat load test, a persistent postprandial hypertriglyceridemia and no increases in the levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were observed in CL female patients irrespective of whether systemic obesity was present or absent. In the group of CL patients without signs of obesity, there were high baseline concentrations of IRI and no significant increase in IRI levels in response to the administration of fat emulsion.