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The study of lipids of civil pilots, aged 30-59 years, showed that their average levels of cholesterol and triglycerides were higher than those in a random sample of the male population of Moscow. The average level of HDL cholesterol in pilots was lower than in the sample. The prevalence of dislipoproteinemias in pilots was significantly higher than in the sample. The above lipoprotein changes in pilots versus nonpilots and the prevalence of hyperlipidemias suggest that they are "aterogenic" and produced by the flying profession. These observations also indicate that civil pilots should be regarded as a risk group in terms of atherosclerosis and concomitant cardiovascular diseases.