Author: "Duyar, I" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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1. Modernization, collectivism, and gender equality predict love experiences in 45 countries

Author: Sorokowski, P., Kowal, M., Sternberg, R. J., Aavik, T., Akello, G., Alhabahba, M. M., Alm, C., Amjad, N., Anjum, A., Asao, K., Atama, C. S., Atamturk Duyar, D., Ayebare, R., Conroy-Beam, D., Bendixen, M., Bensafia, A., Bizumic, B., Boussena, M., Buss, D. M., Butovskaya, M., Can, S., Carrier, A., Cetinkaya, H., Croy, I., Cueto, R. M., Czub, M., Dronova, D., Dural, S., Duyar, I., Ertugrul, B., Espinosa, A., Estevan, I., Esteves, C. S., Frackowiak, T., Garduno, J. C., Gonzalez, K. U., Guemaz, F., Halamova, M., Herak, I., Horvat, M., Hromatko, I., Hui, C. -M., Jaafar, J. L., Jiang, F., Kafetsios, K., Kavcic, T., Kennair, L. E. O., Kervyn, N., Ha, T. T. K., Khilji, I. A., Kobis, N. C., Kostic, A., Lan, H. M., Lang, A., Lennard, G. R., Leon, E., Lindholm, T., Linh, T. T., Lopez, Giulia, Van Luot, N., Mailhos, A., Manesi, Z., Martinez, R., Mckerchar, S. L., Mesko, N., Pejicic, M., Misra, G., Monaghan, C., Mora, E. C., Moya-Garofano, A., Musil, B., Natividade, J. C., Nizharadze, G., Oberzaucher, E., Oleszkiewicz, A., Omar-Fauzee, M. S., Onyishi, I. E., Ozener, B., Pagani, A. F., Pakalniskiene, V., Parise, Miriam, Pazhoohi, F., Pisanski, A., Pisanski, K., Ponciano, E., Popa, C., Prokop, P., Rizwan, M., Sainz, M., Salkicevic, S., Sargautyte, R., Sarmany-Schuller, I., Schmehl, S., Shahid, A., Sharad, S., Siddiqui, R. S., Simonetti, F., Tadinac, M., Vauclair, C. -M., Vega, L. D., Walter, K. V., Widarini, D. A., Yoo, G., Zatkova, M., Zupancic, M., Sorokowska, A., Lopez G. (ORCID:0000-0002-9188-0650), Parise M. (ORCID:0000-0003-2150-6636), Sorokowski, P., Kowal, M., Sternberg, R. J., Aavik, T., Akello, G., Alhabahba, M. M., Alm, C., Amjad, N., Anjum, A., Asao, K., Atama, C. S., Atamturk Duyar, D., Ayebare, R., Conroy-Beam, D., Bendixen, M., Bensafia, A., Bizumic, B., Boussena, M., Buss, D. M., Butovskaya, M., Can, S., Carrier, A., Cetinkaya, H., Croy, I., Cueto, R. M., Czub, M., Dronova, D., Dural, S., Duyar, I., Ertugrul, B., Espinosa, A., Estevan, I., Esteves, C. S., Frackowiak, T., Garduno, J. C., Gonzalez, K. U., Guemaz, F., Halamova, M., Herak, I., Horvat, M., Hromatko, I., Hui, C. -M., Jaafar, J. L., Jiang, F., Kafetsios, K., Kavcic, T., Kennair, L. E. O., Kervyn, N., Ha, T. T. K., Khilji, I. A., Kobis, N. C., Kostic, A., Lan, H. M., Lang, A., Lennard, G. R., Leon, E., Lindholm, T., Linh, T. T., Lopez, Giulia, Van Luot, N., Mailhos, A., Manesi, Z., Martinez, R., Mckerchar, S. L., Mesko, N., Pejicic, M., Misra, G., Monaghan, C., Mora, E. C., Moya-Garofano, A., Musil, B., Natividade, J. C., Nizharadze, G., Oberzaucher, E., Oleszkiewicz, A., Omar-Fauzee, M. S., Onyishi, I. E., Ozener, B., Pagani, A. F., Pakalniskiene, V., Parise, Miriam, Pazhoohi, F., Pisanski, A., Pisanski, K., Ponciano, E., Popa, C., Prokop, P., Rizwan, M., Sainz, M., Salkicevic, S., Sargautyte, R., Sarmany-Schuller, I., Schmehl, S., Shahid, A., Sharad, S., Siddiqui, R. S., Simonetti, F., Tadinac, M., Vauclair, C. -M., Vega, L. D., Walter, K. V., Widarini, D. A., Yoo, G., Zatkova, M., Zupancic, M., Sorokowska, A., Lopez G. (ORCID:0000-0002-9188-0650), and Parise M. (ORCID:0000-0003-2150-6636)
Abstract: Recent cross-cultural and neuro-hormonal investigations have suggested that love is a near universal phenomenon that has a biological background. Therefore, the remaining important question is not whether love exists worldwide but which cultural, social, or environmental factors influence experiences and expressions of love. In the present study, we explored whether countries’ modernization indexes are related to love experiences measured by three subscales (passion, intimacy, commitment) of the Triangular Love Scale. Analyzing data from 9474 individuals from 45 countries, we tested for relationships with country-level predictors, namely, modernization proxies (i.e., Human Development Index, World Modernization Index, Gender Inequality Index), collectivism, and average annual temperatures. We found that mean levels of love (especially intimacy) were higher in countries with higher modernization proxies, collectivism, and average annual temperatures. In conclusion, our results grant some support to the hypothesis that modernization processes might influence love experiences.
Published: 2023

2. Predictors of enhancing human physical attractiveness: Data from 93 countries

Author: Kowal, M., Sorokowski, P., Pisanski, K., Valentova, J.V., Varella, M.A.C., Frederick, D.A., Al-Shawaf, L., García, F.E., Giammusso, I., Gjoneska, B., Kozma, L., Otterbring, T., Papadatou-Pastou, M., Pfuhl, G., Stöckli, S., Studzinska, A., Toplu-Demirtaş, E., Touloumakos, A.K., Bakos, B.E., Batres, C., Bonneterre, S., Czamanski-Cohen, J., Dacanay, J.C., Deschrijver, E., Fisher, M.L., Grano, C., Grigoryev, D., Kačmár, P., Kozlov, M.V., Manunta, E., Massar, K., McFall, J.P., Mebarak, M., Miccoli, M.R., Milfont, T.L., Prokop, P., Aavik, T., Arriaga, P., Baiocco, R., Čeněk, J., Çetinkaya, H., Duyar, I., Guemaz, F., Ishii, T., Kamburidis, J.A., Khun-Inkeeree, H., Lidborg, L.H., Manor, H., Nussinson, R., Omar-Fauzee, M.S.B., Pazhoohi, F., Ponnet, K., Santos, A.C., Senyk, O., Spasovski, O., Vintila, M., Wang, A.H., Yoo, G., Zerhouni, O., Amin, R., Aquino, S., Boğa, M., Boussena, M., Can, A.R., Can, S., Castro, R., Chirumbolo, A., Çoker, O., Cornec, C., Dural, S., Eder, S.J., Moharrampour, N.G., Grassini, S., Hristova, E., Ikizer, G., Kervyn, N., Koyuncu, M., Kunisato, Y., Lins, S., Mandzyk, T., Mari, S., Mattiassi, A.D.A., Memisoglu-Sanli, A., Morelli, M., Novaes, F.C., Parise, M., Banai, I.P., Perun, M., Plohl, N., Sahli, F.Z., Šakan, D., Smojver-Azić, S., Solak, Ç., Söylemez, S., Toyama, A., Wlodarczyk, A., Yamada, Y., Abad-Villaverde, B., Afhami, R., Akello, G., Alami, N.H., Alma, L., Argyrides, M., Atamtürk, D., Burduli, N., Cardona, S., Carneiro, J., Castañeda, A., Chałatkiewicz, I., Chopik, W.J., Chubinidze, D., Conroy-Beam, D., Contreras-Garduño, J., da Silva, D.R., Don, Y.B., Donato, S., Dubrov, D., Duračková, M., Dutt, S., Ebimgbo, S.O., Estevan, I., Etchezahar, E., Fedor, P., Fekih-Romdhane, F., Frackowiak, T., Galasinska, K., Gargula, Ł., Gelbart, B., Yepes, T.G., Hamdaoui, B., Hromatko, I., Itibi, S.N., Jaforte, L., Janssen, Jose, Jović, Marija, Kertechian, K.S., Khan, F., Kobylarek, A., Koso-Drljević, M., Krasnodębska, A., Križanić, V., Landa-Blanco, M., Mailhos, A., Marot, T., Dorcić, T.M., Martinez-Banfi, M., Yusof, M.R., Mayorga-Lascano, M., Mikuličiūtė, V., Mišetić, K., Musil, B., Najmussaqib, A., Muthu, K.N., Natividade, J.C., Ndukaihe, I.L.G., Nyhus, E.K., Oberzaucher, E., Omar, S.S., Ostaszewski, F., Pacquing, M.C.T., Pagani, A.F., Park, J.H., Pirtskhalava, E., Reips, U.-D., Reyes, M.E.S., Röer, J.P., Şahin, A., Samekin, A., Sargautytė, R., Semenovskikh, T., Siepelmeyer, H., Singh, S., Sołtys, A., Sorokowska, A., Soto-López, R., Sultanova, L., Tamayo-Agudelo, W., Tan, C.-S., Topanova, G.T., Bulut, M.T., Trémolière, B., Tulyakul, S., Türkan, B.N., Urbanek, A., Volkodav, T., Walter, K.V., Yaakob, M.F.M., Zumárraga-Espinosa, M., Kowal, M., Sorokowski, P., Pisanski, K., Valentova, J.V., Varella, M.A.C., Frederick, D.A., Al-Shawaf, L., García, F.E., Giammusso, I., Gjoneska, B., Kozma, L., Otterbring, T., Papadatou-Pastou, M., Pfuhl, G., Stöckli, S., Studzinska, A., Toplu-Demirtaş, E., Touloumakos, A.K., Bakos, B.E., Batres, C., Bonneterre, S., Czamanski-Cohen, J., Dacanay, J.C., Deschrijver, E., Fisher, M.L., Grano, C., Grigoryev, D., Kačmár, P., Kozlov, M.V., Manunta, E., Massar, K., McFall, J.P., Mebarak, M., Miccoli, M.R., Milfont, T.L., Prokop, P., Aavik, T., Arriaga, P., Baiocco, R., Čeněk, J., Çetinkaya, H., Duyar, I., Guemaz, F., Ishii, T., Kamburidis, J.A., Khun-Inkeeree, H., Lidborg, L.H., Manor, H., Nussinson, R., Omar-Fauzee, M.S.B., Pazhoohi, F., Ponnet, K., Santos, A.C., Senyk, O., Spasovski, O., Vintila, M., Wang, A.H., Yoo, G., Zerhouni, O., Amin, R., Aquino, S., Boğa, M., Boussena, M., Can, A.R., Can, S., Castro, R., Chirumbolo, A., Çoker, O., Cornec, C., Dural, S., Eder, S.J., Moharrampour, N.G., Grassini, S., Hristova, E., Ikizer, G., Kervyn, N., Koyuncu, M., Kunisato, Y., Lins, S., Mandzyk, T., Mari, S., Mattiassi, A.D.A., Memisoglu-Sanli, A., Morelli, M., Novaes, F.C., Parise, M., Banai, I.P., Perun, M., Plohl, N., Sahli, F.Z., Šakan, D., Smojver-Azić, S., Solak, Ç., Söylemez, S., Toyama, A., Wlodarczyk, A., Yamada, Y., Abad-Villaverde, B., Afhami, R., Akello, G., Alami, N.H., Alma, L., Argyrides, M., Atamtürk, D., Burduli, N., Cardona, S., Carneiro, J., Castañeda, A., Chałatkiewicz, I., Chopik, W.J., Chubinidze, D., Conroy-Beam, D., Contreras-Garduño, J., da Silva, D.R., Don, Y.B., Donato, S., Dubrov, D., Duračková, M., Dutt, S., Ebimgbo, S.O., Estevan, I., Etchezahar, E., Fedor, P., Fekih-Romdhane, F., Frackowiak, T., Galasinska, K., Gargula, Ł., Gelbart, B., Yepes, T.G., Hamdaoui, B., Hromatko, I., Itibi, S.N., Jaforte, L., Janssen, Jose, Jović, Marija, Kertechian, K.S., Khan, F., Kobylarek, A., Koso-Drljević, M., Krasnodębska, A., Križanić, V., Landa-Blanco, M., Mailhos, A., Marot, T., Dorcić, T.M., Martinez-Banfi, M., Yusof, M.R., Mayorga-Lascano, M., Mikuličiūtė, V., Mišetić, K., Musil, B., Najmussaqib, A., Muthu, K.N., Natividade, J.C., Ndukaihe, I.L.G., Nyhus, E.K., Oberzaucher, E., Omar, S.S., Ostaszewski, F., Pacquing, M.C.T., Pagani, A.F., Park, J.H., Pirtskhalava, E., Reips, U.-D., Reyes, M.E.S., Röer, J.P., Şahin, A., Samekin, A., Sargautytė, R., Semenovskikh, T., Siepelmeyer, H., Singh, S., Sołtys, A., Sorokowska, A., Soto-López, R., Sultanova, L., Tamayo-Agudelo, W., Tan, C.-S., Topanova, G.T., Bulut, M.T., Trémolière, B., Tulyakul, S., Türkan, B.N., Urbanek, A., Volkodav, T., Walter, K.V., Yaakob, M.F.M., and Zumárraga-Espinosa, M.
Abstract: People across the world and throughout history have gone to great lengths to enhance their physical appearance. Evolutionary psychologists and ethologists have largely attempted to explain this phenomenon via mating preferences and strategies. Here, we test one of the most popular evolutionary hypotheses for beauty-enhancing behaviors, drawn from mating market and parasite stress perspectives, in a large cross-cultural sample. We also test hypotheses drawn from other influential and non-mutually exclusive theoretical frameworks, from biosocial role theory to a cultural media perspective. Survey data from 93,158 human participants across 93 countries provide evidence that behaviors such as applying makeup or using other cosmetics, hair grooming, clothing style, caring for body hygiene, and exercising or following a specific diet for the specific purpose of improving ones physical attractiveness, are universal. Indeed, 99% of participants reported spending >10 min a day performing beauty-enhancing behaviors. The results largely support evolutionary hypotheses: more time was spent enhancing beauty by women (almost 4 h a day, on average) than by men (3.6 h a day), by the youngest participants (and contrary to predictions, also the oldest), by those with a relatively more severe history of infectious diseases, and by participants currently dating compared to those in established relationships. The strongest predictor of attractiveness-enhancing behaviors was social media usage. Other predictors, in order of effect size, included adhering to traditional gender roles, residing in countries with less gender equality, considering oneself as highly attractive or, conversely, highly unattractive, TV watching time, higher socioeconomic status, right-wing political beliefs, a lower level of education, and personal individualistic attitudes. This study provides novel insight into universal beauty-enhancing behaviors by unifying evolutionary theory with several other complementary
Published: 2022

3. Predictors of enhancing human physical attractiveness: Data from 93 countries

Author: Kowal, M, Sorokowski, P, Pisanski, K, Valentova, J, Varella, M, Frederick, D, Al-Shawaf, L, García, F, Giammusso, I, Gjoneska, B, Kozma, L, Otterbring, T, Papadatou-Pastou, M, Pfuhl, G, Stöckli, S, Studzinska, A, Toplu-Demirtaş, E, Touloumakos, A, Bakos, B, Batres, C, Bonneterre, S, Czamanski-Cohen, J, Dacanay, J, Deschrijver, E, Fisher, M, Grano, C, Grigoryev, D, Kačmár, P, Kozlov, M, Manunta, E, Massar, K, Mcfall, J, Mebarak, M, Miccoli, M, Milfont, T, Prokop, P, Aavik, T, Arriaga, P, Baiocco, R, Čeněk, J, Çetinkaya, H, Duyar, I, Guemaz, F, Ishii, T, Kamburidis, J, Khun-Inkeeree, H, Lidborg, L, Manor, H, Nussinson, R, Omar-Fauzee, M, Pazhoohi, F, Ponnet, K, Santos, A, Senyk, O, Spasovski, O, Vintila, M, Wang, A, Yoo, G, Zerhouni, O, Amin, R, Aquino, S, Boğa, M, Boussena, M, Can, A, Can, S, Castro, R, Chirumbolo, A, Çoker, O, Cornec, C, Dural, S, Eder, S, Moharrampour, N, Grassini, S, Hristova, E, Ikizer, G, Kervyn, N, Koyuncu, M, Kunisato, Y, Lins, S, Mandzyk, T, Mari, S, Mattiassi, A, Memisoglu-Sanli, A, Morelli, M, Novaes, F, Parise, M, Banai, I, Perun, M, Plohl, N, Sahli, F, Šakan, D, Smojver-Azic, S, Solak, Ç, Söylemez, S, Toyama, A, Wlodarczyk, A, Yamada, Y, Abad-Villaverde, B, Afhami, R, Akello, G, Alami, N, Alma, L, Argyrides, M, Atamtürk, D, Burduli, N, Cardona, S, Carneiro, J, Castañeda, A, Chałatkiewicz, I, Chopik, W, Chubinidze, D, Conroy-Beam, D, Contreras-Garduño, J, da Silva, D, Don, Y, Donato, S, Dubrov, D, Duračková, M, Dutt, S, Ebimgbo, S, Estevan, I, Etchezahar, E, Fedor, P, Fekih-Romdhane, F, Frackowiak, T, Galasinska, K, Gargula, Ł, Gelbart, B, Yepes, T, Hamdaoui, B, Hromatko, I, Itibi, S, Jaforte, L, Janssen, S, Jovic, M, Kertechian, K, Khan, F, Kobylarek, A, Koso-Drljevic, M, Krasnodębska, A, Križanić, V, Landa-Blanco, M, Mailhos, A, Marot, T, Dorcic, T, Martinez-Banfi, M, Yusof, M, Mayorga-Lascano, M, Mikuličiūtė, V, Mišetić, K, Musil, B, Najmussaqib, A, Muthu, K, Natividade, J, Ndukaihe, I, Nyhus, E, Oberzaucher, E, Omar, S, Ostaszewski, F, Pacquing, M, Pagani, A, Park, J, Pirtskhalava, E, Reips, U, Reyes, M, Röer, J, Şahin, A, Samekin, A, Sargautytė, R, Semenovskikh, T, Siepelmeyer, H, Singh, S, Sołtys, A, Sorokowska, A, Soto-López, R, Sultanova, L, Tamayo-Agudelo, W, Tan, C, Topanova, G, Bulut, M, Trémolière, B, Tulyakul, S, Türkan, B, Urbanek, A, Volkodav, T, Walter, K, Yaakob, M, Zumárraga-Espinosa, M, Kowal, Marta, Sorokowski, Piotr, Pisanski, Katarzyna, Valentova, Jaroslava V., Varella, Marco A. C., Frederick, David A., Al-Shawaf, Laith, García, Felipe E., Giammusso, Isabella, Gjoneska, Biljana, Kozma, Luca, Otterbring, Tobias, Papadatou-Pastou, Marietta, Pfuhl, Gerit, Stöckli, Sabrina, Studzinska, Anna, Toplu-Demirtaş, Ezgi, Touloumakos, Anna K., Bakos, Bence E., Batres, Carlota, Bonneterre, Solenne, Czamanski-Cohen, Johanna, Dacanay, Jovi C., Deschrijver, Eliane, Fisher, Maryanne L., Grano, Caterina, Grigoryev, Dmitry, Kačmár, Pavol, Kozlov, Mikhail V., Manunta, Efisio, Massar, Karlijn, McFall, Joseph P., Mebarak, Moises, Miccoli, Maria Rosa, Milfont, Taciano L., Prokop, Pavol, Aavik, Toivo, Arriaga, Patrícia, Baiocco, Roberto, Čeněk, Jiří, Çetinkaya, Hakan, Duyar, Izzet, Guemaz, Farida, Ishii, Tatsunori, Kamburidis, Julia A., Khun-Inkeeree, Hareesol, Lidborg, Linda H., Manor, Hagar, Nussinson, Ravit, Omar-Fauzee, Mohd Sofian B., Pazhoohi, Farid, Ponnet, Koen, Santos, Anabela Caetano, Senyk, Oksana, Spasovski, Ognen, Vintila, Mona, Wang, Austin H., Yoo, Gyesook, Zerhouni, Oulmann, Amin, Rizwana, Aquino, Sibele, Boğa, Merve, Boussena, Mahmoud, Can, Ali R., Can, Seda, Castro, Rita, Chirumbolo, Antonio, Çoker, Ogeday, Cornec, Clément, Dural, Seda, Eder, Stephanie J., Moharrampour, Nasim Ghahraman, Grassini, Simone, Hristova, Evgeniya, Ikizer, Gözde, Kervyn, Nicolas, Koyuncu, Mehmet, Kunisato, Yoshihiko, Lins, Samuel, Mandzyk, Tetyana, Mari, Silvia, Mattiassi, Alan D. A., Memisoglu-Sanli, Aybegum, Morelli, Mara, Novaes, Felipe C., Parise, Miriam, Banai, Irena Pavela, Perun, Mariia, Plohl, Nejc, Sahli, Fatima Zahra, Šakan, Dušana, Smojver-Azic, Sanja, Solak, Çağlar, Söylemez, Sinem, Toyama, Asako, Wlodarczyk, Anna, Yamada, Yuki, Abad-Villaverde, Beatriz, Afhami, Reza, Akello, Grace, Alami, Nael H., Alma, Leyla, Argyrides, Marios, Atamtürk, Derya, Burduli, Nana, Cardona, Sayra, Carneiro, João, Castañeda, Andrea, Chałatkiewicz, Izabela, Chopik, William J., Chubinidze, Dimitri, Conroy-Beam, Daniel, Contreras-Garduño, Jorge, da Silva, Diana Ribeiro, Don, Yahya B., Donato, Silvia, Dubrov, Dmitrii, Duračková, Michaela, Dutt, Sanjana, Ebimgbo, Samuel O., Estevan, Ignacio, Etchezahar, Edgardo, Fedor, Peter, Fekih-Romdhane, Feten, Frackowiak, Tomasz, Galasinska, Katarzyna, Gargula, Łukasz, Gelbart, Benjamin, Yepes, Talia Gomez, Hamdaoui, Brahim, Hromatko, Ivana, Itibi, Salome N., Jaforte, Luna, Janssen, Steve M. J., Jovic, Marija, Kertechian, Kevin S., Khan, Farah, Kobylarek, Aleksander, Koso-Drljevic, Maida, Krasnodębska, Anna, Križanić, Valerija, Landa-Blanco, Miguel, Mailhos, Alvaro, Marot, Tiago, Dorcic, Tamara Martinac, Martinez-Banfi, Martha, Yusof, Mat Rahimi, Mayorga-Lascano, Marlon, Mikuličiūtė, Vita, Mišetić, Katarina, Musil, Bojan, Najmussaqib, Arooj, Muthu, Kavitha Nalla, Natividade, Jean C., Ndukaihe, Izuchukwu L. G., Nyhus, Ellen K., Oberzaucher, Elisabeth, Omar, Salma S., Ostaszewski, Franciszek, Pacquing, Ma. Criselda T., Pagani, Ariela F., Park, Ju Hee, Pirtskhalava, Ekaterine, Reips, Ulf-Dietrich, Reyes, Marc Eric S., Röer, Jan P., Şahin, Ayşegül, Samekin, Adil, Sargautytė, Rūta, Semenovskikh, Tatiana, Siepelmeyer, Henrik, Singh, Sangeeta, Sołtys, Alicja, Sorokowska, Agnieszka, Soto-López, Rodrigo, Sultanova, Liliya, Tamayo-Agudelo, William, Tan, Chee-Seng, Topanova, Gulmira T., Bulut, Merve Topcu, Trémolière, Bastien, Tulyakul, Singha, Türkan, Belgüzar N., Urbanek, Arkadiusz, Volkodav, Tatiana, Walter, Kathryn V., Yaakob, Mohd Faiz Mohd, Zumárraga-Espinosa, Marcos, Kowal, M, Sorokowski, P, Pisanski, K, Valentova, J, Varella, M, Frederick, D, Al-Shawaf, L, García, F, Giammusso, I, Gjoneska, B, Kozma, L, Otterbring, T, Papadatou-Pastou, M, Pfuhl, G, Stöckli, S, Studzinska, A, Toplu-Demirtaş, E, Touloumakos, A, Bakos, B, Batres, C, Bonneterre, S, Czamanski-Cohen, J, Dacanay, J, Deschrijver, E, Fisher, M, Grano, C, Grigoryev, D, Kačmár, P, Kozlov, M, Manunta, E, Massar, K, Mcfall, J, Mebarak, M, Miccoli, M, Milfont, T, Prokop, P, Aavik, T, Arriaga, P, Baiocco, R, Čeněk, J, Çetinkaya, H, Duyar, I, Guemaz, F, Ishii, T, Kamburidis, J, Khun-Inkeeree, H, Lidborg, L, Manor, H, Nussinson, R, Omar-Fauzee, M, Pazhoohi, F, Ponnet, K, Santos, A, Senyk, O, Spasovski, O, Vintila, M, Wang, A, Yoo, G, Zerhouni, O, Amin, R, Aquino, S, Boğa, M, Boussena, M, Can, A, Can, S, Castro, R, Chirumbolo, A, Çoker, O, Cornec, C, Dural, S, Eder, S, Moharrampour, N, Grassini, S, Hristova, E, Ikizer, G, Kervyn, N, Koyuncu, M, Kunisato, Y, Lins, S, Mandzyk, T, Mari, S, Mattiassi, A, Memisoglu-Sanli, A, Morelli, M, Novaes, F, Parise, M, Banai, I, Perun, M, Plohl, N, Sahli, F, Šakan, D, Smojver-Azic, S, Solak, Ç, Söylemez, S, Toyama, A, Wlodarczyk, A, Yamada, Y, Abad-Villaverde, B, Afhami, R, Akello, G, Alami, N, Alma, L, Argyrides, M, Atamtürk, D, Burduli, N, Cardona, S, Carneiro, J, Castañeda, A, Chałatkiewicz, I, Chopik, W, Chubinidze, D, Conroy-Beam, D, Contreras-Garduño, J, da Silva, D, Don, Y, Donato, S, Dubrov, D, Duračková, M, Dutt, S, Ebimgbo, S, Estevan, I, Etchezahar, E, Fedor, P, Fekih-Romdhane, F, Frackowiak, T, Galasinska, K, Gargula, Ł, Gelbart, B, Yepes, T, Hamdaoui, B, Hromatko, I, Itibi, S, Jaforte, L, Janssen, S, Jovic, M, Kertechian, K, Khan, F, Kobylarek, A, Koso-Drljevic, M, Krasnodębska, A, Križanić, V, Landa-Blanco, M, Mailhos, A, Marot, T, Dorcic, T, Martinez-Banfi, M, Yusof, M, Mayorga-Lascano, M, Mikuličiūtė, V, Mišetić, K, Musil, B, Najmussaqib, A, Muthu, K, Natividade, J, Ndukaihe, I, Nyhus, E, Oberzaucher, E, Omar, S, Ostaszewski, F, Pacquing, M, Pagani, A, Park, J, Pirtskhalava, E, Reips, U, Reyes, M, Röer, J, Şahin, A, Samekin, A, Sargautytė, R, Semenovskikh, T, Siepelmeyer, H, Singh, S, Sołtys, A, Sorokowska, A, Soto-López, R, Sultanova, L, Tamayo-Agudelo, W, Tan, C, Topanova, G, Bulut, M, Trémolière, B, Tulyakul, S, Türkan, B, Urbanek, A, Volkodav, T, Walter, K, Yaakob, M, Zumárraga-Espinosa, M, Kowal, Marta, Sorokowski, Piotr, Pisanski, Katarzyna, Valentova, Jaroslava V., Varella, Marco A. C., Frederick, David A., Al-Shawaf, Laith, García, Felipe E., Giammusso, Isabella, Gjoneska, Biljana, Kozma, Luca, Otterbring, Tobias, Papadatou-Pastou, Marietta, Pfuhl, Gerit, Stöckli, Sabrina, Studzinska, Anna, Toplu-Demirtaş, Ezgi, Touloumakos, Anna K., Bakos, Bence E., Batres, Carlota, Bonneterre, Solenne, Czamanski-Cohen, Johanna, Dacanay, Jovi C., Deschrijver, Eliane, Fisher, Maryanne L., Grano, Caterina, Grigoryev, Dmitry, Kačmár, Pavol, Kozlov, Mikhail V., Manunta, Efisio, Massar, Karlijn, McFall, Joseph P., Mebarak, Moises, Miccoli, Maria Rosa, Milfont, Taciano L., Prokop, Pavol, Aavik, Toivo, Arriaga, Patrícia, Baiocco, Roberto, Čeněk, Jiří, Çetinkaya, Hakan, Duyar, Izzet, Guemaz, Farida, Ishii, Tatsunori, Kamburidis, Julia A., Khun-Inkeeree, Hareesol, Lidborg, Linda H., Manor, Hagar, Nussinson, Ravit, Omar-Fauzee, Mohd Sofian B., Pazhoohi, Farid, Ponnet, Koen, Santos, Anabela Caetano, Senyk, Oksana, Spasovski, Ognen, Vintila, Mona, Wang, Austin H., Yoo, Gyesook, Zerhouni, Oulmann, Amin, Rizwana, Aquino, Sibele, Boğa, Merve, Boussena, Mahmoud, Can, Ali R., Can, Seda, Castro, Rita, Chirumbolo, Antonio, Çoker, Ogeday, Cornec, Clément, Dural, Seda, Eder, Stephanie J., Moharrampour, Nasim Ghahraman, Grassini, Simone, Hristova, Evgeniya, Ikizer, Gözde, Kervyn, Nicolas, Koyuncu, Mehmet, Kunisato, Yoshihiko, Lins, Samuel, Mandzyk, Tetyana, Mari, Silvia, Mattiassi, Alan D. A., Memisoglu-Sanli, Aybegum, Morelli, Mara, Novaes, Felipe C., Parise, Miriam, Banai, Irena Pavela, Perun, Mariia, Plohl, Nejc, Sahli, Fatima Zahra, Šakan, Dušana, Smojver-Azic, Sanja, Solak, Çağlar, Söylemez, Sinem, Toyama, Asako, Wlodarczyk, Anna, Yamada, Yuki, Abad-Villaverde, Beatriz, Afhami, Reza, Akello, Grace, Alami, Nael H., Alma, Leyla, Argyrides, Marios, Atamtürk, Derya, Burduli, Nana, Cardona, Sayra, Carneiro, João, Castañeda, Andrea, Chałatkiewicz, Izabela, Chopik, William J., Chubinidze, Dimitri, Conroy-Beam, Daniel, Contreras-Garduño, Jorge, da Silva, Diana Ribeiro, Don, Yahya B., Donato, Silvia, Dubrov, Dmitrii, Duračková, Michaela, Dutt, Sanjana, Ebimgbo, Samuel O., Estevan, Ignacio, Etchezahar, Edgardo, Fedor, Peter, Fekih-Romdhane, Feten, Frackowiak, Tomasz, Galasinska, Katarzyna, Gargula, Łukasz, Gelbart, Benjamin, Yepes, Talia Gomez, Hamdaoui, Brahim, Hromatko, Ivana, Itibi, Salome N., Jaforte, Luna, Janssen, Steve M. J., Jovic, Marija, Kertechian, Kevin S., Khan, Farah, Kobylarek, Aleksander, Koso-Drljevic, Maida, Krasnodębska, Anna, Križanić, Valerija, Landa-Blanco, Miguel, Mailhos, Alvaro, Marot, Tiago, Dorcic, Tamara Martinac, Martinez-Banfi, Martha, Yusof, Mat Rahimi, Mayorga-Lascano, Marlon, Mikuličiūtė, Vita, Mišetić, Katarina, Musil, Bojan, Najmussaqib, Arooj, Muthu, Kavitha Nalla, Natividade, Jean C., Ndukaihe, Izuchukwu L. G., Nyhus, Ellen K., Oberzaucher, Elisabeth, Omar, Salma S., Ostaszewski, Franciszek, Pacquing, Ma. Criselda T., Pagani, Ariela F., Park, Ju Hee, Pirtskhalava, Ekaterine, Reips, Ulf-Dietrich, Reyes, Marc Eric S., Röer, Jan P., Şahin, Ayşegül, Samekin, Adil, Sargautytė, Rūta, Semenovskikh, Tatiana, Siepelmeyer, Henrik, Singh, Sangeeta, Sołtys, Alicja, Sorokowska, Agnieszka, Soto-López, Rodrigo, Sultanova, Liliya, Tamayo-Agudelo, William, Tan, Chee-Seng, Topanova, Gulmira T., Bulut, Merve Topcu, Trémolière, Bastien, Tulyakul, Singha, Türkan, Belgüzar N., Urbanek, Arkadiusz, Volkodav, Tatiana, Walter, Kathryn V., Yaakob, Mohd Faiz Mohd, and Zumárraga-Espinosa, Marcos
Abstract: People across the world and throughout history have gone to great lengths to enhance their physical appearance. Evolutionary psychologists and ethologists have largely attempted to explain this phenomenon via mating preferences and strategies. Here, we test one of the most popular evolutionary hypotheses for beauty-enhancing behaviors, drawn from mating market and parasite stress perspectives, in a large cross-cultural sample. We also test hypotheses drawn from other influential and non-mutually exclusive theoretical frameworks, from biosocial role theory to a cultural media perspective. Survey data from 93,158 human participants across 93 countries provide evidence that behaviors such as applying makeup or using other cosmetics, hair grooming, clothing style, caring for body hygiene, and exercising or following a specific diet for the specific purpose of improving ones physical attractiveness, are universal. Indeed, 99% of participants reported spending >10 min a day performing beauty-enhancing behaviors. The results largely support evolutionary hypotheses: more time was spent enhancing beauty by women (almost 4 h a day, on average) than by men (3.6 h a day), by the youngest participants (and contrary to predictions, also the oldest), by those with a relatively more severe history of infectious diseases, and by participants currently dating compared to those in established relationships. The strongest predictor of attractiveness-enhancing behaviors was social media usage. Other predictors, in order of effect size, included adhering to traditional gender roles, residing in countries with less gender equality, considering oneself as highly attractive or, conversely, highly unattractive, TV watching time, higher socioeconomic status, right-wing political beliefs, a lower level of education, and personal individualistic attitudes. This study provides novel insight into universal beauty-enhancing behaviors by unifying evolutionary theory with several other complement
Published: 2022

4. Sex differences in human mate preferences vary across sex ratios

Author: Walter, K. V., Conroy-Beam, D., Buss, D. M., Asao, K., Sorokowska, A., Sorokowski, P., Aavik, T., Akello, G., Alhabahba, M. M., Alm, C., Amjad, N., Anjum, A., Atama, C. S., Duyar, D. A., Ayebare, R., Batres, C., Bendixen, M., Bensafia, A., Bizumic, B., Boussena, M., Butovskaya, M., Can, S., Cantarero, K., Carrier, A., Cetinkaya, H., Croy, I., Cueto, R. M., Czub, M., Dronova, D., Dural, S., Duyar, I., Ertugrul, B., Espinosa, A., Estevan, I., Esteves, C. S., Fang, L., Frackowiak, T., Garduno, J. C., Gonzalez, K. U., Guemaz, F., Gyuris, P., Halamova, M., Herak, I., Horvat, M., Hromatko, I., Hui, C. -M., Jaafar, J. L., Jiang, F., Kafetsios, K., Kavcic, T., Ottesen Kennair, L. E., Kervyn, N., Khanh Ha, T. T., Khilji, I. A., Kobis, N. C., Lan, H. M., Lang, A., Lennard, G. R., Leon, E., Lindholm, T., Linh, T. T., Lopez, Giulia, Luot, N. V., Mailhos, A., Manesi, Z., Martinez, R., Mckerchar, S. L., Mesko, N., Misra, G., Monaghan, C., Mora, E. C., Moya-Garofano, A., Musil, B., Natividade, J. C., Niemczyk, A., Nizharadze, G., Oberzaucher, E., Oleszkiewicz, A., Omar-Fauzee, M. S., Onyishi, I. E., Ozener, B., Pagani, Ariela Francesca, Pakalniskiene, V., Parise, Miriam, Pazhoohi, F., Pisanski, A., Pisanski, K., Ponciano, E., Popa, C., Prokop, P., Rizwan, M., Sainz, M., Salkicevic, S., Sargautyte, R., Sarmany-Schuller, I., Schmehl, S., Sharad, S., Siddiqui, R. S., Simonetti, F., Stoyanova, S. Y., Tadinac, M., Correa Varella, M. A., Vauclair, C. -M., Vega, L. D., Widarini, D. A., Yoo, G., Zatkova, M. M., Zupancic, M., Lopez G. (ORCID:0000-0002-9188-0650), Pagani A. F. (ORCID:0000-0002-7149-9350), Parise M. (ORCID:0000-0003-2150-6636), Walter, K. V., Conroy-Beam, D., Buss, D. M., Asao, K., Sorokowska, A., Sorokowski, P., Aavik, T., Akello, G., Alhabahba, M. M., Alm, C., Amjad, N., Anjum, A., Atama, C. S., Duyar, D. A., Ayebare, R., Batres, C., Bendixen, M., Bensafia, A., Bizumic, B., Boussena, M., Butovskaya, M., Can, S., Cantarero, K., Carrier, A., Cetinkaya, H., Croy, I., Cueto, R. M., Czub, M., Dronova, D., Dural, S., Duyar, I., Ertugrul, B., Espinosa, A., Estevan, I., Esteves, C. S., Fang, L., Frackowiak, T., Garduno, J. C., Gonzalez, K. U., Guemaz, F., Gyuris, P., Halamova, M., Herak, I., Horvat, M., Hromatko, I., Hui, C. -M., Jaafar, J. L., Jiang, F., Kafetsios, K., Kavcic, T., Ottesen Kennair, L. E., Kervyn, N., Khanh Ha, T. T., Khilji, I. A., Kobis, N. C., Lan, H. M., Lang, A., Lennard, G. R., Leon, E., Lindholm, T., Linh, T. T., Lopez, Giulia, Luot, N. V., Mailhos, A., Manesi, Z., Martinez, R., Mckerchar, S. L., Mesko, N., Misra, G., Monaghan, C., Mora, E. C., Moya-Garofano, A., Musil, B., Natividade, J. C., Niemczyk, A., Nizharadze, G., Oberzaucher, E., Oleszkiewicz, A., Omar-Fauzee, M. S., Onyishi, I. E., Ozener, B., Pagani, Ariela Francesca, Pakalniskiene, V., Parise, Miriam, Pazhoohi, F., Pisanski, A., Pisanski, K., Ponciano, E., Popa, C., Prokop, P., Rizwan, M., Sainz, M., Salkicevic, S., Sargautyte, R., Sarmany-Schuller, I., Schmehl, S., Sharad, S., Siddiqui, R. S., Simonetti, F., Stoyanova, S. Y., Tadinac, M., Correa Varella, M. A., Vauclair, C. -M., Vega, L. D., Widarini, D. A., Yoo, G., Zatkova, M. M., Zupancic, M., Lopez G. (ORCID:0000-0002-9188-0650), Pagani A. F. (ORCID:0000-0002-7149-9350), and Parise M. (ORCID:0000-0003-2150-6636)
Abstract: A wide range of literature connects sex ratio and mating behaviours in non-human animals. However, research examining sex ratio and human mating is limited in scope. Prior work has examined the relationship between sex ratio and desire for short-term, uncommitted mating as well as outcomes such as marriage and divorce rates. Less empirical attention has been directed towards the relationship between sex ratio and mate preferences, despite the importance of mate preferences in the human mating literature. To address this gap, we examined sex ratio's relationship to the variation in preferences for attractiveness, resources, kindness, intelligence and health in a long-term mate across 45 countries (n = 14 487). We predicted that mate preferences would vary according to relative power of choice on the mating market, with increased power derived from having relatively few competitors and numerous potential mates. We found that each sex tended to report more demanding preferences for attractiveness and resources where the opposite sex was abundant, compared to where the opposite sex was scarce. This pattern dovetails with those found for mating strategies in humans and mate preferences across species, highlighting the importance of sex ratio for understanding variation in human mate preferences.
Published: 2021

5. Universality of the Triangular Theory of Love: Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of the Triangular Love Scale in 25 Countries

Author: Sorokowski, P., Sorokowska, A., Karwowski, M., Groyecka, A., Aavik, T., Akello, G., Alm, C., Amjad, N., Anjum, A., Asao, K., Atama, C. S., Atamturk Duyar, D., Ayebare, R., Batres, C., Bendixen, M., Bensafia, A., Bizumic, B., Boussena, M., Buss, D. M., Butovskaya, M., Can, S., Cantarero, K., Carrier, A., Cetinkaya, H., Chabin, D., Conroy-Beam, D., Croy, I., Cueto, R. M., Czub, M., Dronova, D., Dural, S., Duyar, I., Ertugrul, B., Espinosa, A., Estevan, I., Esteves, C. S., Frackowiak, T., Graduno, J. C., Guemaz, F., Ha Thu, T., Halamova, M., Herak, I., Horvat, M., Hromatko, I., Hui, C. -M., Jaafar, J. L., Jiang, F., Kafetsios, K., Kavcic, T., Kennair, L. E. O., Kervyn, N., Kobis, N. C., Kostic, A., Krasnodebska, A., Lang, A., Lennard, G. R., Leon, E., Lindholm, T., Lopez, Giulia, Alhabahba, M. M., Mailhos, A., Manesi, Z., Martinez, R., Sainz Martinez, M., Mckerchar, S. L., Mesko, N., Misra, G., Monaghan, C., Mora, E. C., Moya-Garofano, A., Musil, B., Natividade, J. C., Nizharadze, G., Oberzaucher, E., Oleszkiewicz, A., Omar Fauzee, M. S., Onyishi, I. E., Ozener, B., Pagani, Ariela Francesca, Pakalniskiene, V., Parise, Miriam, Pawlowski, B., Pazhoohi, F., Pejicic, M., Pisanski, A., Pisanski, K., Plohl, N., Ponciano, E., Popa, C., Prokop, P., Przepiorka, A., Quang Lam, T., Rizwan, M., Rozycka-Tran, J., Salkicevic, S., Sargautyte, R., Sarmany-Schuller, I., Schmehl, S., Shahid, A., Shaikh, R., Sharad, S., Simonetti, F., Tadinac, M., Thi Khanh Ha, T., Ugalde Gonzalez, K., Vauclair, C. -M., Vega, L. D., Widarini, D. A., Wojciszke, B., Yoo, G., Zadeh, Z. F., Zatkova, M., Zupancic, M., Sternberg, R. J., Lopez G. (ORCID:0000-0002-9188-0650), Pagani A. F. (ORCID:0000-0002-7149-9350), Parise M. (ORCID:0000-0003-2150-6636), Sorokowski, P., Sorokowska, A., Karwowski, M., Groyecka, A., Aavik, T., Akello, G., Alm, C., Amjad, N., Anjum, A., Asao, K., Atama, C. S., Atamturk Duyar, D., Ayebare, R., Batres, C., Bendixen, M., Bensafia, A., Bizumic, B., Boussena, M., Buss, D. M., Butovskaya, M., Can, S., Cantarero, K., Carrier, A., Cetinkaya, H., Chabin, D., Conroy-Beam, D., Croy, I., Cueto, R. M., Czub, M., Dronova, D., Dural, S., Duyar, I., Ertugrul, B., Espinosa, A., Estevan, I., Esteves, C. S., Frackowiak, T., Graduno, J. C., Guemaz, F., Ha Thu, T., Halamova, M., Herak, I., Horvat, M., Hromatko, I., Hui, C. -M., Jaafar, J. L., Jiang, F., Kafetsios, K., Kavcic, T., Kennair, L. E. O., Kervyn, N., Kobis, N. C., Kostic, A., Krasnodebska, A., Lang, A., Lennard, G. R., Leon, E., Lindholm, T., Lopez, Giulia, Alhabahba, M. M., Mailhos, A., Manesi, Z., Martinez, R., Sainz Martinez, M., Mckerchar, S. L., Mesko, N., Misra, G., Monaghan, C., Mora, E. C., Moya-Garofano, A., Musil, B., Natividade, J. C., Nizharadze, G., Oberzaucher, E., Oleszkiewicz, A., Omar Fauzee, M. S., Onyishi, I. E., Ozener, B., Pagani, Ariela Francesca, Pakalniskiene, V., Parise, Miriam, Pawlowski, B., Pazhoohi, F., Pejicic, M., Pisanski, A., Pisanski, K., Plohl, N., Ponciano, E., Popa, C., Prokop, P., Przepiorka, A., Quang Lam, T., Rizwan, M., Rozycka-Tran, J., Salkicevic, S., Sargautyte, R., Sarmany-Schuller, I., Schmehl, S., Shahid, A., Shaikh, R., Sharad, S., Simonetti, F., Tadinac, M., Thi Khanh Ha, T., Ugalde Gonzalez, K., Vauclair, C. -M., Vega, L. D., Widarini, D. A., Wojciszke, B., Yoo, G., Zadeh, Z. F., Zatkova, M., Zupancic, M., Sternberg, R. J., Lopez G. (ORCID:0000-0002-9188-0650), Pagani A. F. (ORCID:0000-0002-7149-9350), and Parise M. (ORCID:0000-0003-2150-6636)
Abstract: The Triangular Theory of Love (measured with Sternberg’s Triangular Love Scale–STLS) is a prominent theoretical concept in empirical research on love. To expand the culturally homogeneous body of previous psychometric research regarding the STLS, we conducted a large-scale cross-cultural study with the use of this scale. In total, we examined more than 11,000 respondents, but as a result of applied exclusion criteria, the final analyses were based on a sample of 7332 participants from 25 countries (from all inhabited continents). We tested configural invariance, metric invariance, and scalar invariance, all of which confirmed the cultural universality of the theoretical construct of love analyzed in our study. We also observed that levels of love components differ depending on relationship duration, following the dynamics suggested in the Triangular Theory of Love. Supplementary files with all our data, including results on love intensity across different countries along with STLS versions adapted in a few dozen languages, will further enable more extensive research on the Triangular Theory of Love.
Published: 2021

6. Affective Interpersonal Touch in Close Relationships: A Cross-Cultural Perspective

Author: Sorokowska, A., Saluja, S., Sorokowski, P., Frackowiak, T., Karwowski, M., Aavik, T., Akello, G., Alm, C., Amjad, N., Anjum, A., Asao, K., Atama, C. S., Atamturk Duyar, D., Ayebare, R., Batres, C., Bendixen, M., Bensafia, A., Bizumic, B., Boussena, M., Buss, D. M., Butovskaya, M., Can, S., Cantarero, K., Carrier, A., Cetinkaya, H., Chabin, D., Conroy-Beam, D., Contreras-Graduno, J., Varella, M. A. C., Cueto, R. M., Czub, M., Dronova, D., Dural, S., Duyar, I., Ertugrul, B., Espinosa, A., Esteves, C. S., Guemaz, F., Halamova, M., Herak, I., Hromatko, I., Hui, C. -M., Jaafar, J. L., Jiang, F., Kafetsios, K., Kavcic, T., Kennair, L. E. O., Kervyn, N. O., Khilji, I. A., Kobis, N. C., Kostic, A., Lang, A., Lennard, G. R., Leon, E., Lindholm, T., Lopez, Giulia, Manesi, Z., Martinez, R., Mckerchar, S. L., Mesko, N., Misra, G., Monaghan, C., Mora, E. C., Moya-Garofano, A., Musil, B., Natividade, J. C., Nizharadze, G., Oberzaucher, E., Oleszkiewicz, A., Onyishi, I. E., Ozener, B., Pagani, Ariela Francesca, Pakalniskiene, V., Parise, Miriam, Pazhoohi, F., Pejicic, M., Pisanski, A., Pisanski, K., Plohl, N., Popa, C., Prokop, P., Rizwan, M., Sainz, M., Salkicevic, S., Sargautyte, R., Sarmany-Schuller, I., Schmehl, S., Shahid, A., Shaikh, R., Sharad, S., Siddiqui, R. S., Simonetti, F., Tadinac, M., Ugalde Gonzalez, K., Uhryn, O., Vauclair, C. -M., Vega Araya, L. D., Widarini, D. A., Yoo, G., Zadeh, Z. F., Zatkova, M., Zupancic, M., Croy, I., Lopez G. (ORCID:0000-0002-9188-0650), Pagani A. F. (ORCID:0000-0002-7149-9350), Parise M. (ORCID:0000-0003-2150-6636), Sorokowska, A., Saluja, S., Sorokowski, P., Frackowiak, T., Karwowski, M., Aavik, T., Akello, G., Alm, C., Amjad, N., Anjum, A., Asao, K., Atama, C. S., Atamturk Duyar, D., Ayebare, R., Batres, C., Bendixen, M., Bensafia, A., Bizumic, B., Boussena, M., Buss, D. M., Butovskaya, M., Can, S., Cantarero, K., Carrier, A., Cetinkaya, H., Chabin, D., Conroy-Beam, D., Contreras-Graduno, J., Varella, M. A. C., Cueto, R. M., Czub, M., Dronova, D., Dural, S., Duyar, I., Ertugrul, B., Espinosa, A., Esteves, C. S., Guemaz, F., Halamova, M., Herak, I., Hromatko, I., Hui, C. -M., Jaafar, J. L., Jiang, F., Kafetsios, K., Kavcic, T., Kennair, L. E. O., Kervyn, N. O., Khilji, I. A., Kobis, N. C., Kostic, A., Lang, A., Lennard, G. R., Leon, E., Lindholm, T., Lopez, Giulia, Manesi, Z., Martinez, R., Mckerchar, S. L., Mesko, N., Misra, G., Monaghan, C., Mora, E. C., Moya-Garofano, A., Musil, B., Natividade, J. C., Nizharadze, G., Oberzaucher, E., Oleszkiewicz, A., Onyishi, I. E., Ozener, B., Pagani, Ariela Francesca, Pakalniskiene, V., Parise, Miriam, Pazhoohi, F., Pejicic, M., Pisanski, A., Pisanski, K., Plohl, N., Popa, C., Prokop, P., Rizwan, M., Sainz, M., Salkicevic, S., Sargautyte, R., Sarmany-Schuller, I., Schmehl, S., Shahid, A., Shaikh, R., Sharad, S., Siddiqui, R. S., Simonetti, F., Tadinac, M., Ugalde Gonzalez, K., Uhryn, O., Vauclair, C. -M., Vega Araya, L. D., Widarini, D. A., Yoo, G., Zadeh, Z. F., Zatkova, M., Zupancic, M., Croy, I., Lopez G. (ORCID:0000-0002-9188-0650), Pagani A. F. (ORCID:0000-0002-7149-9350), and Parise M. (ORCID:0000-0003-2150-6636)
Abstract: Interpersonal touch behavior differs across cultures, yet no study to date has systematically tested for cultural variation in affective touch, nor examined the factors that might account for this variability. Here, over 14,000 individuals from 45 countries were asked whether they embraced, stroked, kissed, or hugged their partner, friends, and youngest child during the week preceding the study. We then examined a range of hypothesized individual-level factors (sex, age, parasitic history, conservatism, religiosity, and preferred interpersonal distance) and cultural-level factors (regional temperature, parasite stress, regional conservatism, collectivism, and religiosity) in predicting these affective-touching behaviors. Our results indicate that affective touch was most prevalent in relationships with partners and children, and its diversity was relatively higher in warmer, less conservative, and religious countries, and among younger, female, and liberal people. This research allows for a broad and integrated view of the bases of cross-cultural variability in affective touch.
Published: 2021

7. The effect of labour on somatotype of males during the adolescent growth period

Author: Özener, B. and Duyar, İ.
Published: 2008
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8. Sex differences in mate preferences across 45 Countries: A large-scale replication

Author: Walter, K. V., Conroy-Beam, D., Buss, D. M., Asao, K., Sorokowska, A., Sorokowski, P., Aavik, T., Akello, G., Alhabahba, M. M., Alm, C., Amjad, N., Anjum, A., Atama, C. S., Atamturk Duyar, D., Ayebare, R., Batres, C., Bendixen, M., Bensafia, A., Bizumic, B., Boussena, M., Butovskaya, M., Can, S., Cantarero, K., Carrier, A., Cetinkaya, H., Croy, I., Cueto, R. M., Czub, M., Dronova, D., Dural, S., Duyar, I., Ertugrul, B., Espinosa, A., Estevan, I., Esteves, C. S., Fang, L., Frackowiak, T., Garduno, J. C., Gonzalez, K. U., Guemaz, F., Gyuris, P., Halamova, M., Herak, I., Horvat, M., Hromatko, I., Hui, C. -M., Jaafar, J. L., Jiang, F., Kafetsios, K., Kavcic, T., Kennair, L. E. O., Kervyn, N., Khanh Ha, T. T., Khilji, I. A., Kobis, N. C., Lan, H. M., Lang, A., Lennard, G. R., Leon, E., Lindholm, T., Linh, T. T., Lopez, Giulia, Van Luot, N., Mailhos, A., Manesi, Z., Martinez, R., Mckerchar, S. L., Mesko, N., Misra, G., Monaghan, C., Mora, E. C., Moya-Garofano, A., Musil, B., Natividade, J. C., Niemczyk, A., Nizharadze, G., Oberzaucher, E., Oleszkiewicz, A., Omar-Fauzee, M. S., Onyishi, I. E., Ozener, B., Pagani, Ariela Francesca, Pakalniskiene, V., Parise, Miriam, Pazhoohi, F., Pisanski, A., Pisanski, K., Ponciano, E., Popa, C., Prokop, P., Rizwan, M., Sainz, M., Salkicevic, S., Sargautyte, R., Sarmany-Schuller, I., Schmehl, S., Sharad, S., Siddiqui, R. S., Simonetti, F., Stoyanova, S. Y., Tadinac, M., Varella, M. A. C., Vauclair, C. -M., Vega, L. D., Widarini, D. A., Yoo, G., Zat'Kova, M., Zupancic, M., Lopez G. (ORCID:0000-0002-9188-0650), Pagani A. F. (ORCID:0000-0002-7149-9350), Parise M. (ORCID:0000-0003-2150-6636), Walter, K. V., Conroy-Beam, D., Buss, D. M., Asao, K., Sorokowska, A., Sorokowski, P., Aavik, T., Akello, G., Alhabahba, M. M., Alm, C., Amjad, N., Anjum, A., Atama, C. S., Atamturk Duyar, D., Ayebare, R., Batres, C., Bendixen, M., Bensafia, A., Bizumic, B., Boussena, M., Butovskaya, M., Can, S., Cantarero, K., Carrier, A., Cetinkaya, H., Croy, I., Cueto, R. M., Czub, M., Dronova, D., Dural, S., Duyar, I., Ertugrul, B., Espinosa, A., Estevan, I., Esteves, C. S., Fang, L., Frackowiak, T., Garduno, J. C., Gonzalez, K. U., Guemaz, F., Gyuris, P., Halamova, M., Herak, I., Horvat, M., Hromatko, I., Hui, C. -M., Jaafar, J. L., Jiang, F., Kafetsios, K., Kavcic, T., Kennair, L. E. O., Kervyn, N., Khanh Ha, T. T., Khilji, I. A., Kobis, N. C., Lan, H. M., Lang, A., Lennard, G. R., Leon, E., Lindholm, T., Linh, T. T., Lopez, Giulia, Van Luot, N., Mailhos, A., Manesi, Z., Martinez, R., Mckerchar, S. L., Mesko, N., Misra, G., Monaghan, C., Mora, E. C., Moya-Garofano, A., Musil, B., Natividade, J. C., Niemczyk, A., Nizharadze, G., Oberzaucher, E., Oleszkiewicz, A., Omar-Fauzee, M. S., Onyishi, I. E., Ozener, B., Pagani, Ariela Francesca, Pakalniskiene, V., Parise, Miriam, Pazhoohi, F., Pisanski, A., Pisanski, K., Ponciano, E., Popa, C., Prokop, P., Rizwan, M., Sainz, M., Salkicevic, S., Sargautyte, R., Sarmany-Schuller, I., Schmehl, S., Sharad, S., Siddiqui, R. S., Simonetti, F., Stoyanova, S. Y., Tadinac, M., Varella, M. A. C., Vauclair, C. -M., Vega, L. D., Widarini, D. A., Yoo, G., Zat'Kova, M., Zupancic, M., Lopez G. (ORCID:0000-0002-9188-0650), Pagani A. F. (ORCID:0000-0002-7149-9350), and Parise M. (ORCID:0000-0003-2150-6636)
Abstract: Considerable research has examined human mate preferences across cultures, finding universal sex differences in preferences for attractiveness and resources as well as sources of systematic cultural variation. Two competing perspectives-an evolutionary psychological perspective and a biosocial role perspective-offer alternative explanations for these findings. However, the original data on which each perspective relies are decades old, and the literature is fraught with conflicting methods, analyses, results, and conclusions. Using a new 45-country sample (N = 14,399), we attempted to replicate classic studies and test both the evolutionary and biosocial role perspectives. Support for universal sex differences in preferences remains robust: Men, more than women, prefer attractive, young mates, and women, more than men, prefer older mates with financial prospects. Cross-culturally, both sexes have mates closer to their own ages as gender equality increases. Beyond age of partner, neither pathogen prevalence nor gender equality robustly predicted sex differences or preferences across countries.
Published: 2020

9. Effects of taurine in glucose and taurine administration

Author: Kaplan, B., Karabay, G., Zağyapan, R. D., Özer, ç., Sayan, H., and Duyar, İ.
Published: 2004
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10. The effect of taurine administration on vitamin C levels of several tissues in mice

Author: Kaplan, B., Dinçer, S., Babül, A., and Duyar, İ.
Published: 2004
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11. Contrasting computational models of mate preference integration across 45 Countries

Author: Conroy-Beam, D., Buss, D. M., Asao, K., Sorokowska, A., Sorokowski, P., Aavik, T., Akello, G., Alhabahba, M. M., Alm, C., Amjad, N., Anjum, A., Atama, C. S., Duyar, D. A., Ayebare, R., Batres, C., Bendixen, M., Bensafia, A., Bizumic, B., Boussena, M., Butovskaya, M., Can, S., Cantarero, K., Carrier, A., Cetinkaya, H., Croy, I., Cueto, R. M., Czub, M., Dronova, D., Dural, S., Duyar, I., Ertugrul, B., Espinosa, A., Estevan, I., Esteves, C. S., Fang, L., Frackowiak, T., Garduno, J. C., Gonzalez, K. U., Guemaz, F., Gyuris, P., Halamova, M., Herak, I., Horvat, M., Hromatko, I., Hui, C. -M., Jaafar, J. L., Jiang, F., Kafetsios, K., Kavcic, T., Kennair, L. E. O., Kervyn, N., Thi Khanh Ha, T., Khilji, I. A., Kobis, N. C., Lan, H. M., Lang, A., Lennard, G. R., Leon, E., Lindholm, T., Thi Linh, T., Lopez, Giulia, Van Luot, N., Mailhos, A., Manesi, Z., Martinez, R., Mckerchar, S. L., Mesko, N., Misra, G., Monaghan, C., Mora, E. C., Moya-Garofano, A., Musil, B., Natividade, J. C., Niemczyk, A., Nizharadze, G., Oberzaucher, E., Oleszkiewicz, A., Omar-Fauzee, M. S., Onyishi, I. E., Ozener, B., Pagani, Ariela Francesca, Pakalniskiene, V., Parise, Miriam, Pazhoohi, F., Pisanski, A., Pisanski, K., Ponciano, E., Popa, C., Prokop, P., Rizwan, M., Sainz, M., Salkicevic, S., Sargautyte, R., Sarmany-Schuller, I., Schmehl, S., Sharad, S., Siddiqui, R. S., Simonetti, F., Stoyanova, S. Y., Tadinac, M., Varella, M. A. C., Vauclair, C. -M., Vega, L. D., Widarini, D. A., Yoo, G., Zatkova, M., Zupancic, M., Lopez G. (ORCID:0000-0002-9188-0650), Pagani A. F. (ORCID:0000-0002-7149-9350), Parise M. (ORCID:0000-0003-2150-6636), Conroy-Beam, D., Buss, D. M., Asao, K., Sorokowska, A., Sorokowski, P., Aavik, T., Akello, G., Alhabahba, M. M., Alm, C., Amjad, N., Anjum, A., Atama, C. S., Duyar, D. A., Ayebare, R., Batres, C., Bendixen, M., Bensafia, A., Bizumic, B., Boussena, M., Butovskaya, M., Can, S., Cantarero, K., Carrier, A., Cetinkaya, H., Croy, I., Cueto, R. M., Czub, M., Dronova, D., Dural, S., Duyar, I., Ertugrul, B., Espinosa, A., Estevan, I., Esteves, C. S., Fang, L., Frackowiak, T., Garduno, J. C., Gonzalez, K. U., Guemaz, F., Gyuris, P., Halamova, M., Herak, I., Horvat, M., Hromatko, I., Hui, C. -M., Jaafar, J. L., Jiang, F., Kafetsios, K., Kavcic, T., Kennair, L. E. O., Kervyn, N., Thi Khanh Ha, T., Khilji, I. A., Kobis, N. C., Lan, H. M., Lang, A., Lennard, G. R., Leon, E., Lindholm, T., Thi Linh, T., Lopez, Giulia, Van Luot, N., Mailhos, A., Manesi, Z., Martinez, R., Mckerchar, S. L., Mesko, N., Misra, G., Monaghan, C., Mora, E. C., Moya-Garofano, A., Musil, B., Natividade, J. C., Niemczyk, A., Nizharadze, G., Oberzaucher, E., Oleszkiewicz, A., Omar-Fauzee, M. S., Onyishi, I. E., Ozener, B., Pagani, Ariela Francesca, Pakalniskiene, V., Parise, Miriam, Pazhoohi, F., Pisanski, A., Pisanski, K., Ponciano, E., Popa, C., Prokop, P., Rizwan, M., Sainz, M., Salkicevic, S., Sargautyte, R., Sarmany-Schuller, I., Schmehl, S., Sharad, S., Siddiqui, R. S., Simonetti, F., Stoyanova, S. Y., Tadinac, M., Varella, M. A. C., Vauclair, C. -M., Vega, L. D., Widarini, D. A., Yoo, G., Zatkova, M., Zupancic, M., Lopez G. (ORCID:0000-0002-9188-0650), Pagani A. F. (ORCID:0000-0002-7149-9350), and Parise M. (ORCID:0000-0003-2150-6636)
Abstract: Humans express a wide array of ideal mate preferences. Around the world, people desire romantic partners who are intelligent, healthy, kind, physically attractive, wealthy, and more. In order for these ideal preferences to guide the choice of actual romantic partners, human mating psychology must possess a means to integrate information across these many preference dimensions into summaries of the overall mate value of their potential mates. Here we explore the computational design of this mate preference integration process using a large sample of n = 14,487 people from 45 countries around the world. We combine this large cross-cultural sample with agent-based models to compare eight hypothesized models of human mating markets. Across cultures, people higher in mate value appear to experience greater power of choice on the mating market in that they set higher ideal standards, better fulfill their preferences in choice, and pair with higher mate value partners. Furthermore, we find that this cross-culturally universal pattern of mate choice is most consistent with a Euclidean model of mate preference integration.
Published: 2019

12. Assortative mating and the evolution of desirability covariation

Author: Conroy-Beam, D., Roney, J. R., Lukaszewski, A. W., Buss, D. M., Asao, K., Sorokowska, A., Sorokowski, P., Aavik, T., Akello, G., Alhabahba, M. M., Alm, C., Amjad, N., Anjum, A., Atama, C. S., Atamturk Duyar, D., Ayebare, R., Batres, C., Bendixen, M., Bensafia, A., Bertoni, Anna Marta Maria, Bizumic, B., Boussena, M., Butovskaya, M., Can, S., Cantarero, K., Carrier, A., Cetinkaya, H., Croy, I., Cueto, R. M., Czub, M., Donato, Silvia, Dronova, D., Dural, S., Duyar, I., Ertugrul, B., Espinosa, A., Estevan, I., Esteves, C. S., Fang, L., Frackowiak, T., Contreras Garduno, J., Gonzalez, K. U., Guemaz, F., Gyuris, P., Halamova, M., Herak, I., Horvat, M., Hromatko, I., Hui, C. -M., Iafrate, Raffaella, Jaafar, J. L., Jiang, F., Kafetsios, K., Kavcic, T., Kennair, L. E. O., Kervyn, N., Ha, T. T. K., Khilji, I. A., Kobis, N. C., Lan, H. M., Lang, A., Lennard, G. R., Leon, E., Lindholm, T., Linh, T. T., Lopez, Giulia, Van Luot, N., Mailhos, A., Manesi, Z., Martinez, R., Mckerchar, S. L., Mesko, N., Misra, G., Monaghan, C., Mora, E. C., Moya-Garofano, A., Musil, B., Natividade, J. C., Niemczyk, A., Nizharadze, G., Oberzaucher, E., Oleszkiewicz, A., Omar-Fauzee, M. S., Onyishi, I. E., Ozener, B., Pagani, Ariela Francesca, Pakalniskiene, V., Parise, Miriam, Pazhoohi, F., Pisanski, A., Pisanski, K., Ponciano, E., Popa, C., Prokop, P., Rizwan, M., Sainz, M., Salkicevic, S., Sargautyte, R., Sarmany-Schuller, I., Schmehl, S., Sharad, S., Siddiqui, R. S., Simonetti, F., Stoyanova, S. Y., Tadinac, M., Varella, M. A. C., Vauclair, C. -M., Vega, L. D., Widarini, D. A., Yoo, G., Zatkova, M., Zupancic, M., Bertoni A. (ORCID:0000-0001-7228-8718), Donato S. (ORCID:0000-0002-8406-4604), Iafrate R. (ORCID:0000-0003-1311-8983), Lopez G. (ORCID:0000-0002-9188-0650), Pagani A. F. (ORCID:0000-0002-7149-9350), Parise M. (ORCID:0000-0003-2150-6636), Conroy-Beam, D., Roney, J. R., Lukaszewski, A. W., Buss, D. M., Asao, K., Sorokowska, A., Sorokowski, P., Aavik, T., Akello, G., Alhabahba, M. M., Alm, C., Amjad, N., Anjum, A., Atama, C. S., Atamturk Duyar, D., Ayebare, R., Batres, C., Bendixen, M., Bensafia, A., Bertoni, Anna Marta Maria, Bizumic, B., Boussena, M., Butovskaya, M., Can, S., Cantarero, K., Carrier, A., Cetinkaya, H., Croy, I., Cueto, R. M., Czub, M., Donato, Silvia, Dronova, D., Dural, S., Duyar, I., Ertugrul, B., Espinosa, A., Estevan, I., Esteves, C. S., Fang, L., Frackowiak, T., Contreras Garduno, J., Gonzalez, K. U., Guemaz, F., Gyuris, P., Halamova, M., Herak, I., Horvat, M., Hromatko, I., Hui, C. -M., Iafrate, Raffaella, Jaafar, J. L., Jiang, F., Kafetsios, K., Kavcic, T., Kennair, L. E. O., Kervyn, N., Ha, T. T. K., Khilji, I. A., Kobis, N. C., Lan, H. M., Lang, A., Lennard, G. R., Leon, E., Lindholm, T., Linh, T. T., Lopez, Giulia, Van Luot, N., Mailhos, A., Manesi, Z., Martinez, R., Mckerchar, S. L., Mesko, N., Misra, G., Monaghan, C., Mora, E. C., Moya-Garofano, A., Musil, B., Natividade, J. C., Niemczyk, A., Nizharadze, G., Oberzaucher, E., Oleszkiewicz, A., Omar-Fauzee, M. S., Onyishi, I. E., Ozener, B., Pagani, Ariela Francesca, Pakalniskiene, V., Parise, Miriam, Pazhoohi, F., Pisanski, A., Pisanski, K., Ponciano, E., Popa, C., Prokop, P., Rizwan, M., Sainz, M., Salkicevic, S., Sargautyte, R., Sarmany-Schuller, I., Schmehl, S., Sharad, S., Siddiqui, R. S., Simonetti, F., Stoyanova, S. Y., Tadinac, M., Varella, M. A. C., Vauclair, C. -M., Vega, L. D., Widarini, D. A., Yoo, G., Zatkova, M., Zupancic, M., Bertoni A. (ORCID:0000-0001-7228-8718), Donato S. (ORCID:0000-0002-8406-4604), Iafrate R. (ORCID:0000-0003-1311-8983), Lopez G. (ORCID:0000-0002-9188-0650), Pagani A. F. (ORCID:0000-0002-7149-9350), and Parise M. (ORCID:0000-0003-2150-6636)
Abstract: Mate choice lies close to differential reproduction, the engine of evolution. Patterns of mate choice consequently have power to direct the course of evolution. Here we provide evidence suggesting one pattern of human mate choice—the tendency for mates to be similar in overall desirability—caused the evolution of a structure of correlations that we call the d factor. We use agent-based models to demonstrate that assortative mating causes the evolution of a positive manifold of desirability, d, such that an individual who is desirable as a mate along any one dimension tends to be desirable across all other dimensions. Further, we use a large cross-cultural sample with n = 14,478 from 45 countries around the world to show that this d-factor emerges in human samples, is a cross-cultural universal, and is patterned in a way consistent with an evolutionary history of assortative mating. Our results suggest that assortative mating can explain the evolution of a broad structure of human trait covariation.
Published: 2019

13. A new approach for calibrating dental caries frequency of skeletal remains

Author: Duyar, İ. and Erdal, Y.S.
Published: 2003
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14. Body Height Estimation Based on Dimensions of Sacral and Coccygeal Vertebrae

Author: Pelin, C, primary, Duyar, İ, additional, Kayahan, EM, additional, Zagyapan, R, additional, Ağildere, AM, additional, and Erar, A, additional
Published: 2005
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15. Body composition of young laborers: The results of a bioelectrical impedance analysis

Author: Özener, B., Duyar, I., and derya atamtürk
Subjects: young laborers, BIA, body composition, fat mass, fat-free mass, physical structure
Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the changes caused by physical stress on the body composition of young males. In order to show these changes, the study was performed with 104 young male laborers who worked through their adolescence and who were currently working in workshops in the industrial sector (Group 1, mean age 18.48±0.61 years). For the control group, two groups of the same age but having a difference in terms of socioeconomic status were chosen. The first one of these was comprised of individuals who had the same socioeconomic status as the laborers (Group 2, n=102, mean age 18.39±0.58 years) but were not laborers. The second control group was composed of individuals from the higher socioeconomic levels of society (Group 3, n=103, mean age 18.43±0.67). Measurements of the height of the individuals were taken with a standard portable anthropometer, and their body weight and BIA measurements were taken with Tanita TBF-305 leg-to-leg body composition analysis equipment. The results of the analysis show that the weight, height, BMI and fat mass values of the laborers were significantly lower (P < 0.05–0.001) than those of Group 3, but were not statistically different from those of Group 2. These findings reveal that the effects of socioeconomic conditions on body composition outweigh those of working conditions.

16. Body height estimation from sacrum and coccyx: A preliminary study

Author: Pelin, C., Duyar, I., Zagyapan, R., Kayahan, E., and Muhteşem Agildere

17. Predictors of enhancing human physical attractiveness: Data from 93 countries

Author: Marta Kowal, Piotr Sorokowski, Katarzyna Pisanski, Jaroslava V. Valentova, Marco A.C. Varella, David A. Frederick, Laith Al-Shawaf, Felipe E. García, Isabella Giammusso, Biljana Gjoneska, Luca Kozma, Tobias Otterbring, Marietta Papadatou-Pastou, Gerit Pfuhl, Sabrina Stöckli, Anna Studzinska, Ezgi Toplu-Demirtaş, Anna K. Touloumakos, Bence E. Bakos, Carlota Batres, Solenne Bonneterre, Johanna Czamanski-Cohen, Jovi C. Dacanay, Eliane Deschrijver, Maryanne L. Fisher, Caterina Grano, Dmitry Grigoryev, Pavol Kačmár, Mikhail V. Kozlov, Efisio Manunta, Karlijn Massar, Joseph P. McFall, Moises Mebarak, Maria Rosa Miccoli, Taciano L. Milfont, Pavol Prokop, Toivo Aavik, Patrícia Arriaga, Roberto Baiocco, Jiří Čeněk, Hakan Çetinkaya, Izzet Duyar, Farida Guemaz, Tatsunori Ishii, Julia A. Kamburidis, Hareesol Khun-Inkeeree, Linda H. Lidborg, Hagar Manor, Ravit Nussinson, Mohd Sofian B. Omar-Fauzee, Farid Pazhoohi, Koen Ponnet, Anabela Caetano Santos, Oksana Senyk, Ognen Spasovski, Mona Vintila, Austin H. Wang, Gyesook Yoo, Oulmann Zerhouni, Rizwana Amin, Sibele Aquino, Merve Boğa, Mahmoud Boussena, Ali R. Can, Seda Can, Rita Castro, Antonio Chirumbolo, Ogeday Çoker, Clément Cornec, Seda Dural, Stephanie J. Eder, Nasim Ghahraman Moharrampour, Simone Grassini, Evgeniya Hristova, Gözde Ikizer, Nicolas Kervyn, Mehmet Koyuncu, Yoshihiko Kunisato, Samuel Lins, Tetyana Mandzyk, Silvia Mari, Alan D.A. Mattiassi, Aybegum Memisoglu-Sanli, Mara Morelli, Felipe C. Novaes, Miriam Parise, Irena Pavela Banai, Mariia Perun, Nejc Plohl, Fatima Zahra Sahli, Dušana Šakan, Sanja Smojver-Azic, Çağlar Solak, Sinem Söylemez, Asako Toyama, Anna Wlodarczyk, Yuki Yamada, Beatriz Abad-Villaverde, Reza Afhami, Grace Akello, Nael H. Alami, Leyla Alma, Marios Argyrides, Derya Atamtürk, Nana Burduli, Sayra Cardona, João Carneiro, Andrea Castañeda, Izabela Chałatkiewicz, William J. Chopik, Dimitri Chubinidze, Daniel Conroy-Beam, Jorge Contreras-Garduño, Diana Ribeiro da Silva, Yahya B. Don, Silvia Donato, Dmitrii Dubrov, Michaela Duračková, Sanjana Dutt, Samuel O. Ebimgbo, Ignacio Estevan, Edgardo Etchezahar, Peter Fedor, Feten Fekih-Romdhane, Tomasz Frackowiak, Katarzyna Galasinska, Łukasz Gargula, Benjamin Gelbart, Talia Gomez Yepes, Brahim Hamdaoui, Ivana Hromatko, Salome N. Itibi, Luna Jaforte, Steve M.J. Janssen, Marija Jovic, Kevin S. Kertechian, Farah Khan, Aleksander Kobylarek, Maida Koso-Drljevic, Anna Krasnodębska, Valerija Križanić, Miguel Landa-Blanco, Alvaro Mailhos, Tiago Marot, Tamara Martinac Dorcic, Martha Martinez-Banfi, Mat Rahimi Yusof, Marlon Mayorga-Lascano, Vita Mikuličiūtė, Katarina Mišetić, Bojan Musil, Arooj Najmussaqib, Kavitha Nalla Muthu, Jean C. Natividade, Izuchukwu L.G. Ndukaihe, Ellen K. Nyhus, Elisabeth Oberzaucher, Salma S. Omar, Franciszek Ostaszewski, Ma. Criselda T. Pacquing, Ariela F. Pagani, Ju Hee Park, Ekaterine Pirtskhalava, Ulf-Dietrich Reips, Marc Eric S. Reyes, Jan P. Röer, Ayşegül Şahin, Adil Samekin, Rūta Sargautytė, Tatiana Semenovskikh, Henrik Siepelmeyer, Sangeeta Singh, Alicja Sołtys, Agnieszka Sorokowska, Rodrigo Soto-López, Liliya Sultanova, William Tamayo-Agudelo, Chee-Seng Tan, Gulmira T. Topanova, Merve Topcu Bulut, Bastien Trémolière, Singha Tulyakul, Belgüzar N. Türkan, Arkadiusz Urbanek, Tatiana Volkodav, Kathryn V. Walter, Mohd Faiz Mohd Yaakob, Marcos Zumárraga-Espinosa, Kowal, M, Sorokowski, P, Pisanski, K, Valentova, J, Varella, M, Frederick, D, Al-Shawaf, L, García, F, Giammusso, I, Gjoneska, B, Kozma, L, Otterbring, T, Papadatou-Pastou, M, Pfuhl, G, Stöckli, S, Studzinska, A, Toplu-Demirtaş, E, Touloumakos, A, Bakos, B, Batres, C, Bonneterre, S, Czamanski-Cohen, J, Dacanay, J, Deschrijver, E, Fisher, M, Grano, C, Grigoryev, D, Kačmár, P, Kozlov, M, Manunta, E, Massar, K, Mcfall, J, Mebarak, M, Miccoli, M, Milfont, T, Prokop, P, Aavik, T, Arriaga, P, Baiocco, R, Čeněk, J, Çetinkaya, H, Duyar, I, Guemaz, F, Ishii, T, Kamburidis, J, Khun-Inkeeree, H, Lidborg, L, Manor, H, Nussinson, R, Omar-Fauzee, M, Pazhoohi, F, Ponnet, K, Santos, A, Senyk, O, Spasovski, O, Vintila, M, Wang, A, Yoo, G, Zerhouni, O, Amin, R, Aquino, S, Boğa, M, Boussena, M, Can, A, Can, S, Castro, R, Chirumbolo, A, Çoker, O, Cornec, C, Dural, S, Eder, S, Moharrampour, N, Grassini, S, Hristova, E, Ikizer, G, Kervyn, N, Koyuncu, M, Kunisato, Y, Lins, S, Mandzyk, T, Mari, S, Mattiassi, A, Memisoglu-Sanli, A, Morelli, M, Novaes, F, Parise, M, Banai, I, Perun, M, Plohl, N, Sahli, F, Šakan, D, Smojver-Azic, S, Solak, Ç, Söylemez, S, Toyama, A, Wlodarczyk, A, Yamada, Y, Abad-Villaverde, B, Afhami, R, Akello, G, Alami, N, Alma, L, Argyrides, M, Atamtürk, D, Burduli, N, Cardona, S, Carneiro, J, Castañeda, A, Chałatkiewicz, I, Chopik, W, Chubinidze, D, Conroy-Beam, D, Contreras-Garduño, J, da Silva, D, Don, Y, Donato, S, Dubrov, D, Duračková, M, Dutt, S, Ebimgbo, S, Estevan, I, Etchezahar, E, Fedor, P, Fekih-Romdhane, F, Frackowiak, T, Galasinska, K, Gargula, Ł, Gelbart, B, Yepes, T, Hamdaoui, B, Hromatko, I, Itibi, S, Jaforte, L, Janssen, S, Jovic, M, Kertechian, K, Khan, F, Kobylarek, A, Koso-Drljevic, M, Krasnodębska, A, Križanić, V, Landa-Blanco, M, Mailhos, A, Marot, T, Dorcic, T, Martinez-Banfi, M, Yusof, M, Mayorga-Lascano, M, Mikuličiūtė, V, Mišetić, K, Musil, B, Najmussaqib, A, Muthu, K, Natividade, J, Ndukaihe, I, Nyhus, E, Oberzaucher, E, Omar, S, Ostaszewski, F, Pacquing, M, Pagani, A, Park, J, Pirtskhalava, E, Reips, U, Reyes, M, Röer, J, Şahin, A, Samekin, A, Sargautytė, R, Semenovskikh, T, Siepelmeyer, H, Singh, S, Sołtys, A, Sorokowska, A, Soto-López, R, Sultanova, L, Tamayo-Agudelo, W, Tan, C, Topanova, G, Bulut, M, Trémolière, B, Tulyakul, S, Türkan, B, Urbanek, A, Volkodav, T, Walter, K, Yaakob, M, Zumárraga-Espinosa, M, UCL - SSH/LouRIM - Louvain Research Institute in Management and Organizations, Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação, RS: FPN WSP II, and Section Applied Social Psychology
Subjects: Objectification Theory, REDES SOCIAIS, SEX-DIFFERENCES, Self-modification, Evolution, Humanidades::Outras Humanidades [Domínio/Área Científica], Facial Attractiveness, Ciências Médicas::Ciências da Saúde [Domínio/Área Científica], Social Sciences, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Ciências Sociais::Psicologia [Domínio/Área Científica], Evolutionary Perspective, Self-Objectification, Pathogen stress, EVOLUTIONARY PERSPECTIVE, Social media usage, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Behavior and Systematics, ddc:150, Womens Body-Image, Mating market perspective, Ciências Naturais::Ciências Biológicas [Domínio/Área Científica], WOMENS BODY-IMAGE, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, OBJECTIFICATION THEORY, M-PSI/05 - PSICOLOGIA SOCIALE, Evolutionary theory, Appearance, Gender-Role, Ecology, MATE PREFERENCES, Samfunnsvitenskap: 200 [VDP], Mate Preferences, PERSONAL ORNAMENTS, SELF-OBJECTIFICATION, GENDER-ROLE, Settore M-PSI/05 - PSICOLOGIA SOCIALE, Social Media Use, SOCIAL MEDIA USE, Sex-Differences, VDP::Samfunnsvitenskap: 200, FACIAL ATTRACTIVENESS, Ciências Naturais::Ciências da Terra e do Ambiente [Domínio/Área Científica], Pathogen stre, Personal Ornaments
Abstract: People across the world and throughout history have gone to great lengths to enhance their physical appearance. Evolutionary psychologists and ethologists have largely attempted to explain this phenomenon via mating preferences and strategies. Here, we test one of the most popular evolutionary hypotheses for beauty-enhancing behaviors, drawn from mating market and parasite stress perspectives, in a large cross-cultural sample. We also test hypotheses drawn from other influential and non-mutually exclusive theoretical frameworks, from biosocial role theory to a cultural media perspective. Survey data from 93,158 human participants across 93 countries provide evidence that behaviors such as applying makeup or using other cosmetics, hair grooming, clothing style, caring for body hygiene, and exercising or following a specific diet for the specific purpose of improving ones physical attractiveness, are universal. Indeed, 99% of participants reported spending >10 min a day performing beauty-enhancing behaviors. The results largely support evolutionary hypotheses: more time was spent enhancing beauty by women (almost 4 h a day, on average) than by men (3.6 h a day), by the youngest participants (and contrary to predictions, also the oldest), by those with a relatively more severe history of infectious diseases, and by participants currently dating compared to those in established relationships. The strongest predictor of attractiveness-enhancing behaviors was social media usage. Other predictors, in order of effect size, included adhering to traditional gender roles, residing in countries with less gender equality, considering oneself as highly attractive or, conversely, highly unattractive, TV watching time, higher socioeconomic status, right-wing political beliefs, a lower level of education, and personal individualistic attitudes. This study provides novel insight into universal beauty-enhancing behaviors by unifying evolutionary theory with several other complementary perspectives., National Science Center, Poland [2019/33/N/HS6/00054]; Basic Research Program at the National Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE University); Basic Research Program at HSE University, RF; FCT [UID/PSI/03125/2021, SFRH/BD/126304/2016]; UTAR Research Centre Excellence Award; Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman [2019 -CAP (6401/0019)], This work is the result of the research project funded by the National Science Center, Poland (2019/33/N/HS6/00054). Dmitry Grigoryev was supported by the Basic Research Program at the National Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE University).; Dmitrii Dubrov was supported by the Basic Research Program at HSE University, RF.; Patricia Arriaga was supported by the FCT through funds from the research center UID/PSI/03125/2021. Anabela C. Santos was supported by the FCT through funds from a PhD grant SFRH/BD/126304/2016. Kavitha Nalla Muthu and Chee-Seng Tan were supported by the UTAR Research Centre Excellence Award 2019 -CAP (6401/0019) from the Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman.
Published: 2022

18. Assortative mating and the evolution of desirability covariation

Author: Pavol Prokop, Chiemezie S. Atama, Mohammad Madallh Alhabahba, Sarah L. McKerchar, Iskra Herak, Truong Thi Khanh Ha, Ike E. Onyishi, Razi Sultan Siddiqui, Jean Carlos Natividade, Girishwar Misra, Nguyen Van Luot, Barış Özener, Farida Guemaz, Ruta Sargautyte, Edna Lúcia Tinoco Ponciano, Imran Ahmed Khilji, James R. Roney, Mohd Sofian Omar-Fauzee, Tomasz Frackowiak, Berna Ertuğrul, Mons Bendixen, Luis Diego Vega, Rosa María Cueto, Petra Gyuris, Boris Bizumic, Afifa Anjum, Shivantika Sharad, Susanne Schmehl, Mahmoud Boussena, Elisabeth Oberzaucher, Katarzyna Pisanski, Mario Sainz, Silvio Donato, Muhammad Rizwan, Alba Moya-Garófano, Torun Lindholm, Karina Ugalde González, Agnieszka Niemczyk, Bojan Musil, Konstantinos Kafetsios, Svjetlana Salkičević, Daria Dronova, Chin Ming Hui, Charlotte Alm, Ernesto León, Nils C. Köbis, Marco Antonio Correa Varella, Trinh Thi Linh, Alvaro Mailhos, Zoi Manesi, Richard Ayebare, Anna Marta Maria Bertoni, Derya Atamtürk Duyar, Raffaella Iafrate, Seda Dural, Ariela Francesca Pagani, Annette Pisanski, Kelly Asao, Rocio Martinez, Aicha Bensafia, Conal Monaghan, Miriam Parise, Gyesook Yoo, Aaron W. Lukaszewski, Grace Akello, Luxi Fang, Vilmante Pakalniskiene, Marcin Czub, Agustín Espinosa, Marina Horvat, Carla Sofia Esteves, András Láng, Maja Zupančič, Emanuel C. Mora, Ignacio Estevan, Christin-Melanie Vauclair, İzzet Duyar, Hakan Cetinkaya, Seda Can, Jorge Contreras Garduño, Franco Simonetti, Leif Edward Ottesen Kennair, Ivana Hromatko, Carlota Batres, Farid Pazhoohi, Katarzyna Cantarero, Agnieszka Sorokowska, Anna Oleszkiewicz, Hoang Moc Lan, Feng Jiang, Tina Kavčič, Marina Butovskaya, Daniel Conroy-Beam, Naumana Amjad, Camelia Popa, Piotr Sorokowski, Meri Tadinac, Giulia Lopez, Toivo Aavik, Norbert Meskó, George Nizharadze, Stanislava Stoyanova, Georgina R. Lennard, Dwi Ajeng Widarini, Nicolas Kervyn, Jas Laile Suzana Binti Jaafar, Ivan Sarmány-Schuller, Marta Zaťková, Antonin Carrier, Ilona Croy, David M. Buss, Mária Halamová, Conroy-Beam, D., Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara 93106, United States -- Roney, J.R., Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara 93106, United States -- Lukaszewski, A.W., Department of Psychology, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton 92831, United States -- Buss, D.M., Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, 78712, United States -- Asao, K., Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, 78712, United States -- Sorokowska, A., Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, 50-137, Poland, Smell & Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, TU Dresden, Dresden, 1069, Germany -- Sorokowski, P., Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, 50-137, Poland -- Aavik, T., Institute of Psychology, University of Tartu, Tartu, 50090, Estonia -- Akello, G., Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Gulu University, Gulu 0, Uganda -- Alhabahba, M.M., English Language Department, Middle East University, Amman, 11181, Jordan -- Alm, C., Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, 10691, Sweden -- Amjad, N., Institute of Applied Psychology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan -- Anjum, A., Institute of Applied Psychology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan -- Atama, C.S., Department of Sociology and Anthropology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 410002, Nigeria -- Atamtürk Duyar, D., Deparment of Anthropology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, 34452, Turkey -- Ayebare, R., North Star Alliance, NA, Kampala 0, Uganda -- Batres, C., Department of Psychology, Franklin and Marshall College, Lancaster, 17603, United States -- Bendixen, M., Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Technology and Science (NTNU), Trondheim, 7491, Norway -- Bensafia, A., EFORT, Department of Sociology, University of Algiers 2, Algiers, 16000, Algeria -- Bertoni, A., Department of Psychology, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, 20123, Italy -- Bizumic, B., Research School of Psychology, Australian National University, Canberra, 2601, Australia -- Boussena, M., EFORT, Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Algiers 2, Algiers, 16000, Algeria -- Butovskaya, M., Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation, Russian State University for the Humanities, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation -- Can, S., Department of Psychology, Izmir University of Economics, Izmir, 35300, Turkey -- Cantarero, K., Faculty in Sopot, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Sopot, 03-815, Poland -- Carrier, A., Psychology Faculty (CECOS), Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, 1348, Belgium -- Cetinkaya, H., Department of Psychology, Ankara University, Ankara, 6560, Turkey -- Croy, I., Department of Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, 1069, Germany -- Cueto, R.M., Grupo de Psicología Política y Social (GPPS), Departamento de Psicología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Lima, 15088, Peru -- Czub, M., Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, 50-137, Poland -- Donato, S., Department of Psychology, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, 20123, Italy -- Dronova, D., Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation -- Dural, S., Department of Psychology, Izmir University of Economics, Izmir, 35300, Turkey -- Duyar, I., Deparment of Anthropology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, 34452, Turkey -- Ertugrul, B., Deparment of Anthropology, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, 58140, Turkey -- Espinosa, A., Grupo de Psicología Política y Social (GPPS), Departamento de Psicología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Lima, 15088, Peru -- Estevan, I., Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de la República, Motevideo, 11200, Uruguay -- Esteves, C.S., Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL), CIS-IUL, Lisboa, 1649-026, Portugal -- Fang, L., Department of Psychology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong -- Frackowiak, T., Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, 50-137, Poland -- Contreras Garduño, J., Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Unidad Morelia UNAM, Morelia, 58190, Mexico -- González, K.U., Psychology Department, Universidad Latina de Costa Rica, San José, 11501, Costa Rica -- Guemaz, F., EFORT, Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Setif 2, Setif, 16000, Algeria -- Gyuris, P., Institute of Psychology, University of Pécs, Pécs, 7624, Hungary -- Halamová, M., Faculty of Social Sciences and Health Care, Department of Psychological Sciences, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, 94974, Slovakia -- Herak, I., Louvain Research Institute in Management and Organisations (LOURiM), Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, 1348, Belgium -- Horvat, M., Faculty of Arts, Department of Psychology, University of Maribor, Maribor, 2000, Slovenia -- Hromatko, I., Department of Psychology, Faculty for Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia -- Hui, C.-M., Department of Psychology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong -- Iafrate, R., Department of Psychology, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, 20123, Italy -- Jaafar, J.L., Dept of Educational Psychology and Counseling, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia -- Jiang, F., Organization and Human Resource Management, Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing, 102202, China -- Kafetsios, K., Psychology Department, University of Crete, Rethymno, 70013, Greece -- Kav?i?, T., Faculty of Education, University of Primorska, Koper, 6000, Slovenia -- Kennair, L.E.O., Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Technology and Science (NTNU), Trondheim, 7491, Norway -- Kervyn, N., Louvain Research Institute in Management and Organisations (LOURiM), Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, 1348, Belgium -- Ha, T.T.K., Department of Psychology, University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam -- Khilji, I.A., Department of Psychology, F.G. College for Men, F-j/d, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan -- Köbis, N.C., Center for Research in Experimental Economics and Political Decision Mating, Department of Economics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1081, Netherlands -- Lan, H.M., Department of Psychology, University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam -- Láng, A., Institute of Psychology, University of Pécs, Pécs, 7624, Hungary -- Lennard, G.R., Research School of Psychology, Australian National University, Canberra, 2601, Australia -- León, E., Grupo de Psicología Política y Social (GPPS), Departamento de Psicología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Lima, 15088, Peru -- Lindholm, T., Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, 10691, Sweden -- Linh, T.T., Department of Psychology, University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam -- Lopez, G., Department of Psychology, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, 20123, Italy -- Van Luot, N., Department of Psychology, University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam -- Mailhos, A., Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de la República, Motevideo, 11200, Uruguay -- Manesi, Z., Department of Experimental & Applied Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1081, Netherlands -- Martinez, R., Department of Social Psychology, University of Granada, Grenada, 18010, Spain -- McKerchar, S.L., Research School of Psychology, Australian National University, Canberra, 2601, Australia -- Meskó, N., Institute of Psychology, University of Pécs, Pécs, 7624, Hungary -- Misra, G., Department of Psychology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110021, India -- Monaghan, C., Research School of Psychology, Australian National University, Canberra, 2601, Australia -- Mora, E.C., Department of Animal and Human Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Havana, Havana 0, Cuba -- Moya-Garófano, A., Department of Social Psychology, University of Granada, Grenada, 18010, Spain -- Musil, B., Faculty of Arts, Department of Psychology, University of Maribor, Maribor, 2000, Slovenia -- Natividade, J.C., Department of Psychology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 22451-000, Brazil -- Niemczyk, A., Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, 50-137, Poland -- Nizharadze, G., Department of Social Sciences, Free Unviersity of Tbilisi, Tbilisi 2, Georgia -- Oberzaucher, E., Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria -- Oleszkiewicz, A., Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, 50-137, Poland, Smell & Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, TU Dresden, Dresden, 1069, Germany -- Omar-Fauzee, M.S., School of Education, Universiti Uteara Malaysia, Sintok, 6010, Malaysia -- Onyishi, I.E., Department of Psychology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 410002, Nigeria -- Özener, B., Deparment of Anthropology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, 34452, Turkey -- Pagani, A.F., Department of Psychology, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, 20123, Italy -- Pakalniskiene, V., Institute of Psychology, Vilnius University, Vilnius, 1513, Lithuania -- Parise, M., Department of Psychology, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, 20123, Italy -- Pazhoohi, F., Department of Basic Psychology, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal -- Pisanski, A., Department of Animal and Human Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Havana, Havana 0, Cuba -- Pisanski, K., Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, 50-137, Poland, Mammal Vocal Communication & Cognition Research Group, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9RH, United Kingdom -- Ponciano, E., Institute of Psychology, University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-901, Brazil -- Popa, C., Department of Psychology, Faculty for Humanities and Social Sciences, UNATC-CINETIc, Romanian Academy, Bucharest, 30167, Romania -- Prokop, P., Department of Environmental Ecology, Comenius University, Bratislava, 842 15, Slovakia, Institute of Zoology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, 845 06, Slovakia -- Rizwan, M., The Delve Pvt Ltd, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan -- Sainz, M., Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center, Department of Social Psychology, University of Granada, Grenada, 18010, Spain -- Salki?evi?, S., Department of Psychology, Faculty for Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia -- Sargautyte, R., Institute of Psychology, Vilnius University, Vilnius, 1513, Lithuania -- Sarmány-Schuller, I., Center for Social and Psychological Sciences, Institute of Experimental Psychology SAS, Bratislava, 841 04, Slovakia -- Schmehl, S., Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, 1010, Austria -- Sharad, S., Department of Applied Psychology, Vivekananda College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110021, India -- Siddiqui, R.S., Department of Management Sciences, DHA Suffa University, Karachi, 75500, Pakistan -- Simonetti, F., School of Psychology, P. Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, 8331150, Chile -- Stoyanova, S.Y., Department of Psychology, South-West University 'Neofit Rilski', Blagoevgrad, 2700, Bulgaria -- Tadinac, M., Department of Psychology, Faculty for Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia -- Varella, M.A.C., Department of Experimental Psychology, Institute of Psychology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 03178-200, Brazil -- Vauclair, C.-M., Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL), CIS-IUL, Lisboa, 1649-026, Portugal -- Vega, L.D., Psychology Department, Universidad Latina de Costa Rica, San José, 11501, Costa Rica -- Widarini, D.A., Department of Communication, University Prof. Dr. Moestopo (Beragama), Jakarta, 10270, Indonesia -- Yoo, G., Dept. of Child & Family Studies, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 024-47, South Korea -- Za?ková, M., Faculty of Social Sciences and Health Care, Department of Psychological Sciences, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, 94974, Slovakia -- Zupan?i?, M., Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia, Microeconomics (ASE, FEB), Experimental and Political Economics / CREED (ASE, FEB), Faculteit Economie en Bedrijfskunde, and UCL - SSH/LouRIM - Louvain Research Institute in Management and Organizations
Subjects: 05 social sciences, Assortative mating, 050109 social psychology, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Biology, 050105 experimental psychology, Settore M-PSI/05 - PSICOLOGIA SOCIALE, Trait covariation, Agent-based modeling, Cross-cultural studies, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Mate choice, Evolutionary biology, Trait, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract: Mate choice lies close to differential reproduction, the engine of evolution. Patterns of mate choice consequently have power to direct the course of evolution. Here we provide evidence suggesting one pattern of human mate choice—the tendency for mates to be similar in overall desirability—caused the evolution of a structure of correlations that we call the d factor. We use agent-based models to demonstrate that assortative mating causes the evolution of a positive manifold of desirability, d, such that an individual who is desirable as a mate along any one dimension tends to be desirable across all other dimensions. Further, we use a large cross-cultural sample with n = 14,478 from 45 countries around the world to show that this d-factor emerges in human samples, is a cross-cultural universal, and is patterned in a way consistent with an evolutionary history of assortative mating. Our results suggest that assortative mating can explain the evolution of a broad structure of human trait covariation. © 2019, National Foundation for Science and Technology Development START, Global Change System for Analysis, Research, and Training Fundacja na rzecz Nauki Polskiej National Foundation for Science and Technology Development, We thank everyone who participated in this study as well as the research assistants who assisted in translating forms, recruiting participants, and inputting data. The work of Truong Thi Khanh Ha was supported by grants 501.01-2016.02 from the Vietnam National Foundation for Science and Technology Development (NAFOSTED). Anna Oleszkiewicz was supported by the Foundation for Polish Science (START scholarship). This study was conducted in line with project NIR ? 01201370995 “Cross-cultural and interdisciplinary researches. Biosocial and cross-cultural analysis of models of tolerance and basic values of culture in modern society” (Marina Butovskaya and Daria Dronova). Appendix A
Published: 2019

19. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ORGANIZATIONAL JUSTICE, ORGANIZATIONAL TRUST AND ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIORS IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN TURKEY

Author: Yilmaz, Kursad, Altinkurt, Yahya, Duyar, I, and Normore, AH
Abstract: WOS: 000304328700011, This chapter examined the relationships between organizational justice, organizational trust, and organizational citizenship behaviors in Turkish secondary schools. Specifically, the study investigated whether, and to what extent, organizational justice and organizational trust predict variation in the organizational citizenship behaviors of teachers. A survey research methodology was employed in the study. The sample included 466 secondary school teachers in Kutahya, a city in western Turkey. The study adopted pre-developed respective scales for gathering the data. The data gathering instrument of the study incorporated the Organizational Justice Scale (Hoy & Tarter, 2004), the Organizational Trust Scale (Yilmaz, 2006), and the Organizational Citizenship Behavior Scale (DiPaola, Tarter, & Hoy, 2005). Analysis of the data through the use of hierarchical multiple regression analysis yielded a significant effect of organizational justice and significant effects for two of the three types of organizational trust. There is a positive and moderate level relationship between organizational citizenship on the one hand, and organizational justice, trust in the principal, trust in colleagues, and trust in stakeholders on the other. Predictor variables are ranked in terms of the size of their effect on organizational citizenship as trust in colleagues, trust in the principal, trust in stakeholders, and organizational justice. Organizational justice is a significant predictor of organizational citizenship behavior when considered in isolation, but becomes insignificant when organizational trust is controlled for. Organizational trust and organizational justice explain around two fifths of the total variance in organizational citizenship behavior.
Published: 2012

20. Exploring Attitudes Toward "Sugar Relationships" Across 87 Countries: A Global Perspective on Exchanges of Resources for Sex and Companionship.

Author: Meskó N, Kowal M, Láng A, Kocsor F, Bandi SA, Putz A, Sorokowski P, Frederick DA, García FE, Aguilar LA, Studzinska A, Tan CS, Gjoneska B, Milfont TL, Topcu Bulut M, Grigoryev D, Aavik T, Boussena M, Mattiassi ADA, Afhami R, Amin R, Baiocco R, Brahim H, Can AR, Carneiro J, Çetinkaya H, Chubinidze D, Deschrijver E, Don Y, Dubrov D, Duyar I, Jovic M, Kamburidis JA, Khan F, Khun-Inkeeree H, Koso-Drljevic M, Lacko D, Massar K, Morelli M, Natividade JC, Nyhus EK, Park JH, Pazhoohi F, Pirtskhalava E, Ponnet K, Prokop P, Šakan D, Tulyakul S, Wang AH, Aquino SD, Atamtürk DD, Burduli N, Chirumbolo A, Dural S, Etchezahar E, Ghahraman Moharrampour N, Aczel B, Kozma L, Lins S, Manunta E, Marot T, Mebarak M, Miroshnik KG, Misetic K, Papadatou-Pastou M, Bakos B, Sahli FZ, Singh S, Solak Ç, Volkodav T, Wlodarczyk A, Akello G, Argyrides M, Çoker O, Galasinska K, Gómez Yepes T, Kobylarek A, Landa-Blanco M, Mayorga M, Özener B, Pacquing MCT, Reyes MES, Şahin A, Tamayo-Agudelo W, Topanova G, Toplu-Demirtaş E, Türkan BN, Zumárraga-Espinosa M, Grassini S, Antfolk J, Cornec C, Pisanski K, Stöckli S, Eder SJ, and Han H
Subjects: Humans, Male, Female, Interpersonal Relations, Sex Characteristics, Attitude, Sexual Behavior, Sugars
Abstract: The current study investigates attitudes toward one form of sex for resources: the so-called sugar relationships, which often involve exchanges of resources for sex and/or companionship. The present study examined associations among attitudes toward sugar relationships and relevant variables (e.g., sex, sociosexuality, gender inequality, parasitic exposure) in 69,924 participants across 87 countries. Two self-report measures of Acceptance of Sugar Relationships (ASR) developed for younger companion providers (ASR-YWMS) and older resource providers (ASR-OMWS) were translated into 37 languages. We tested cross-sex and cross-linguistic construct equivalence, cross-cultural invariance in sex differences, and the importance of the hypothetical predictors of ASR. Both measures showed adequate psychometric properties in all languages (except the Persian version of ASR-YWMS). Results partially supported our hypotheses and were consistent with previous theoretical considerations and empirical evidence on human mating. For example, at the individual level, sociosexual orientation, traditional gender roles, and pathogen prevalence were significant predictors of both ASR-YWMS and ASR-OMWS. At the country level, gender inequality and parasite stress positively predicted the ASR-YWMS. However, being a woman negatively predicted the ASR-OMWS, but positively predicted the ASR-YWMS. At country-level, ingroup favoritism and parasite stress positively predicted the ASR-OMWS. Furthermore, significant cross-subregional differences were found in the openness to sugar relationships (both ASR-YWMS and ASR-OMWS scores) across subregions. Finally, significant differences were found between ASR-YWMS and ASR-OMWS when compared in each subregion. The ASR-YWMS was significantly higher than the ASR-OMWS in all subregions, except for Northern Africa and Western Asia., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
Published: 2024
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21. Validation of the Short Version (TLS-15) of the Triangular Love Scale (TLS-45) across 37 Languages.

Author: Kowal M, Sorokowski P, Dinić BM, Pisanski K, Gjoneska B, Frederick DA, Pfuhl G, Milfont TL, Bode A, Aguilar L, García FE, Roberts SC, Abad-Villaverde B, Kavčič T, Miroshnik KG, Ndukaihe ILG, Šafárová K, Valentova JV, Aavik T, Blackburn AM, Çetinkaya H, Duyar I, Guemaz F, Ishii T, Kačmár P, Natividade JC, Nussinson R, Omar-Fauzee MSB, Pacquing MCT, Ponnet K, Wang AH, Yoo G, Amin R, Pirtskhalava E, Afhami R, Arvanitis A, Duyar DA, Besson T, Boussena M, Can S, Can AR, Carneiro J, Castro R, Chubinidze D, Čunichina K, Don Y, Dural S, Etchezahar E, Fekih-Romdhane F, Frackowiak T, Moharrampour NG, Yepes TG, Grassini S, Jovic M, Kertechian KS, Khan F, Kobylarek A, Križanić V, Lins S, Mandzyk T, Manunta E, Martinac Dorčić T, Muthu KN, Najmussaqib A, Otterbring T, Park JH, Pavela Banai I, Perun M, Reyes MES, Röer JP, Şahin A, Sahli FZ, Šakan D, Singh S, Smojver-Azic S, Söylemez S, Spasovski O, Studzinska A, Toplu-Demirtas E, Urbanek A, Volkodav T, Wlodarczyk A, Yaakob MFMY, Yusof MR, Zumárraga-Espinosa M, Zupančič M, and Sternberg RJ
Subjects: Humans, Reproducibility of Results, Sexual Partners, Language, Psychometrics, Surveys and Questionnaires, Love, Sexual Behavior
Abstract: Love is a phenomenon that occurs across the world and affects many aspects of human life, including the choice of, and process of bonding with, a romantic partner. Thus, developing a reliable and valid measure of love experiences is crucial. One of the most popular tools to quantify love is Sternberg's 45-item Triangular Love Scale (TLS-45), which measures three love components: intimacy, passion, and commitment. However, our literature review reveals that most studies (64%) use a broad variety of shortened versions of the TLS-45. Here, aiming to achieve scientific consensus and improve the reliability, comparability, and generalizability of results across studies, we developed a short version of the scale-the TLS-15-comprised of 15 items with 5-point, rather than 9-point, response scales. In Study 1 (N = 7,332), we re-analyzed secondary data from a large-scale multinational study that validated the original TLS-45 to establish whether the scale could be truncated. In Study 2 (N = 307), we provided evidence for the three-factor structure of the TLS-15 and its reliability. Study 3 (N = 413) confirmed convergent validity and test-retest stability of the TLS-15. Study 4 (N = 60,311) presented a large-scale validation across 37 linguistic versions of the TLS-15 on a cross-cultural sample spanning every continent of the globe. The overall results provide support for the reliability, validity, and cross-cultural invariance of the TLS-15, which can be used as a measure of love components-either separately or jointly as a three-factor measure., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
Published: 2024
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22. Correction to: Validation of the Short Version (TLS-15) of the Triangular Love Scale (TLS-45) Across 37 Languages.

Author: Kowal M, Sorokowski P, Dinić BM, Pisanski K, Gjoneska B, Frederick DA, Pfuhl G, Milfont TL, Bode A, Aguilar L, García FE, Roberts SC, Abad-Villaverde B, Kavčič T, Miroshnik KG, Ndukaihe ILG, Šafárová K, Valentova JV, Aavik T, Blackburn AM, Çetinkaya H, Duyar I, Guemaz F, Ishii T, Kačmár P, Natividade JC, Nussinson R, Omar-Fauzee MSB, Pacquing MCT, Ponnet K, Wang AH, Yoo G, Amin R, Pirtskhalava E, Afhami R, Arvanitis A, Duyar DA, Besson T, Boussena M, Can S, Can AR, Carneiro J, Castro R, Chubinidze D, Čunichina K, Don Y, Dural S, Etchezahar E, Fekih-Romdhane F, Frackowiak T, Moharrampour NG, Yepes TG, Grassini S, Jovic M, Kertechian KS, Khan F, Kobylarek A, Križanić V, Lins S, Mandzyk T, Manunta E, Martinac Dorčić T, Muthu KN, Najmussaqib A, Otterbring T, Park JH, Pavela Banai I, Perun M, Reyes MES, Röer JP, Şahin A, Sahli FZ, Šakan D, Singh S, Smojver-Azic S, Söylemez S, Spasovski O, Studzinska A, Toplu-Demirtas E, Urbanek A, Volkodav T, Wlodarczyk A, Yaakob MFMY, Yusof MR, Zumárraga-Espinosa M, Zupančič M, and Sternberg RJ
Published: 2024
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23. Correction to: 'Sex differences in human mate preferences vary across sex ratios' (2023) by Walter et al.

Author: Walter KV, Conroy-Beam D, Buss DM, Asao K, Sorokowska A, Sorokowski P, Aavik T, Akello G, Alhabahba MM, Alm C, Amjad N, Anjum A, Atama CS, Duyar DA, Ayebare R, Batres C, Bendixen M, Bensafia A, Bizumic B, Boussena M, Butovskaya M, Can S, Cantarero K, Carrier A, Cetinkaya H, Croy I, Cueto RM, Czub M, Dronova D, Dural S, Duyar I, Ertugrul B, Espinosa A, Estevan I, Esteves CS, Fang L, Frackowiak T, Garduño JC, González KU, Guemaz F, Gyuris P, Halamová M, Herak I, Horvat M, Hromatko I, Hui CM, Jaafar JL, Jiang F, Kafetsios K, Kavčič T, Ottesen Kennair LE, Kervyn N, Khanh Ha TT, Khilji IA, Köbis NC, Lan HM, Láng A, Lennard GR, León E, Lindholm T, Linh TT, Lopez G, Luot NV, Mailhos A, Manesi Z, Martinez R, McKerchar SL, Meskó N, Misra G, Monaghan C, Mora EC, Moya-Garófano A, Musil B, Natividade JC, Niemczyk A, Nizharadze G, Oberzaucher E, Oleszkiewicz A, Omar-Fauzee MS, Onyishi IE, Özener B, Pagani AF, Pakalniskiene V, Parise M, Pazhoohi F, Pisanski A, Pisanski K, Ponciano E, Popa C, Prokop P, Rizwan M, Sainz M, Salkičević S, Sargautyte R, Sarmány-Schuller I, Schmehl S, Sharad S, Siddiqui RS, Simonetti F, Stoyanova SY, Tadinac M, Correa Varella MA, Vauclair CM, Vega LD, Widarini DA, Yoo G, Zaťková MM, and Zupančič M
Published: 2023
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24. Modernization, collectivism, and gender equality predict love experiences in 45 countries.

Author: Sorokowski P, Kowal M, Sternberg RJ, Aavik T, Akello G, Alhabahba MM, Alm C, Amjad N, Anjum A, Asao K, Atama CS, Atamtürk Duyar D, Ayebare R, Conroy-Beam D, Bendixen M, Bensafia A, Bizumic B, Boussena M, Buss DM, Butovskaya M, Can S, Carrier A, Cetinkaya H, Croy I, Cueto RM, Czub M, Dronova D, Dural S, Duyar I, Ertugrul B, Espinosa A, Estevan I, Esteves CS, Frackowiak T, Garduño JC, González KU, Guemaz F, Halamová M, Herak I, Horvat M, Hromatko I, Hui CM, Jaafar JL, Jiang F, Kafetsios K, Kavčič T, Kennair LEO, Kervyn N, Ha TTK, Khilji IA, Köbis NC, Kostic A, Lan HM, Láng A, Lennard GR, León E, Lindholm T, Linh TT, Lopez G, Van Luot N, Mailhos A, Manesi Z, Martinez R, McKerchar SL, Meskó N, Pejičić M, Misra G, Monaghan C, Mora EC, Moya-Garófano A, Musil B, Natividade JC, Nizharadze G, Oberzaucher E, Oleszkiewicz A, Omar-Fauzee MS, Onyishi IE, Özener B, Pagani AF, Pakalniskiene V, Parise M, Pazhoohi F, Pisanski A, Pisanski K, Ponciano E, Popa C, Prokop P, Rizwan M, Sainz M, Salkičević S, Sargautyte R, Sarmány-Schuller I, Schmehl S, Shahid A, Sharad S, Siddiqui RS, Simonetti F, Tadinac M, Vauclair CM, Vega LD, Walter KV, Widarini DA, Yoo G, Zaťková M, Zupančič M, and Sorokowska A
Subjects: Humans, Sexual Partners, Sexual Behavior, Social Change, Gender Equity, Love
Abstract: Recent cross-cultural and neuro-hormonal investigations have suggested that love is a near universal phenomenon that has a biological background. Therefore, the remaining important question is not whether love exists worldwide but which cultural, social, or environmental factors influence experiences and expressions of love. In the present study, we explored whether countries' modernization indexes are related to love experiences measured by three subscales (passion, intimacy, commitment) of the Triangular Love Scale. Analyzing data from 9474 individuals from 45 countries, we tested for relationships with country-level predictors, namely, modernization proxies (i.e., Human Development Index, World Modernization Index, Gender Inequality Index), collectivism, and average annual temperatures. We found that mean levels of love (especially intimacy) were higher in countries with higher modernization proxies, collectivism, and average annual temperatures. In conclusion, our results grant some support to the hypothesis that modernization processes might influence love experiences., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
Published: 2023
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25. Body proportions according to stature groups in elite athletes.

Author: Saco-Ledo G, Porta J, Monson TA, Brasil MF, and Duyar I
Subjects: Adult, Anthropometry, Female, Hand, Humans, Leg, Male, Athletes, Body Height
Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate whether body proportions change as stature increases in elite Spanish athletes. The sample includes a total of 2,030 participants, comprised of 1,357 adult males, and 673 adult females. The male athletes were classified into five groups by stature, and the female athletes were classified separately into four stature groups. Ten anthropometric measurements were collected, and eleven body proportions were calculated. The body proportions with significant differences between stature groups in males were relative arm length (0.53-1.60%), relative forearm length (0.69-2.08%), relative thigh length (1.17-1.56%), relative tibial length (1.37-6.39%), cormic index (-0.94 - -4.49%), Manouvrier index (1.60-9.60%), and crural index (1.05-4.79%). In females, the body proportions with significant differences were relative forearm length (1.43%), relative thigh length (1.94-3.88%), relative tibial length (2.74-4.56%), cormic index (-0.74 - -3.72%), and Manouvrier index (1.97-8.71%). The distal parts of the upper and lower limbs increase proportionally as stature increases, whereas relative hand and foot lengths, which are the most distal parts of the extremities, remain constant in elite athletes.
Published: 2022
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26. Affective Interpersonal Touch in Close Relationships: A Cross-Cultural Perspective.

Author: Sorokowska A, Saluja S, Sorokowski P, Frąckowiak T, Karwowski M, Aavik T, Akello G, Alm C, Amjad N, Anjum A, Asao K, Atama CS, Atamtürk Duyar D, Ayebare R, Batres C, Bendixen M, Bensafia A, Bizumic B, Boussena M, Buss DM, Butovskaya M, Can S, Cantarero K, Carrier A, Cetinkaya H, Chabin D, Conroy-Beam D, Contreras-Graduño J, Varella MAC, Cueto RM, Czub M, Dronova D, Dural S, Duyar I, Ertugrul B, Espinosa A, Esteves CS, Guemaz F, Haľamová M, Herak I, Hromatko I, Hui CM, Jaafar JL, Jiang F, Kafetsios K, Kavcic T, Kennair LEO, Kervyn NO, Khilji IA, Köbis NC, Kostic A, Láng A, Lennard GR, León E, Lindholm T, Lopez G, Manesi Z, Martinez R, McKerchar SL, Meskó N, Misra G, Monaghan C, Mora EC, Moya-Garofano A, Musil B, Natividade JC, Nizharadze G, Oberzaucher E, Oleszkiewicz A, Onyishi IE, Özener B, Pagani AF, Pakalniskiene V, Parise M, Pazhoohi F, Pejičić M, Pisanski A, Pisanski K, Plohl N, Popa C, Prokop P, Rizwan M, Sainz M, Salkičević S, Sargautyte R, Sarmany-Schuller I, Schmehl S, Shahid A, Shaikh R, Sharad S, Siddiqui RS, Simonetti F, Tadinac M, Ugalde González K, Uhryn O, Vauclair CM, Vega Araya LD, Widarini DA, Yoo G, Zadeh ZF, Zaťková M, Zupančič M, and Croy I
Subjects: Child, Female, Humans, Religion, Cross-Cultural Comparison, Touch
Abstract: Interpersonal touch behavior differs across cultures, yet no study to date has systematically tested for cultural variation in affective touch, nor examined the factors that might account for this variability. Here, over 14,000 individuals from 45 countries were asked whether they embraced, stroked, kissed, or hugged their partner, friends, and youngest child during the week preceding the study. We then examined a range of hypothesized individual-level factors (sex, age, parasitic history, conservatism, religiosity, and preferred interpersonal distance) and cultural-level factors (regional temperature, parasite stress, regional conservatism, collectivism, and religiosity) in predicting these affective-touching behaviors. Our results indicate that affective touch was most prevalent in relationships with partners and children, and its diversity was relatively higher in warmer, less conservative, and religious countries, and among younger, female, and liberal people. This research allows for a broad and integrated view of the bases of cross-cultural variability in affective touch.
Published: 2021
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27. Sex differences in human mate preferences vary across sex ratios.

Author: Walter KV, Conroy-Beam D, Buss DM, Asao K, Sorokowska A, Sorokowski P, Aavik T, Akello G, Alhabahba MM, Alm C, Amjad N, Anjum A, Atama CS, Duyar DA, Ayebare R, Batres C, Bendixen M, Bensafia A, Bizumic B, Boussena M, Butovskaya M, Can S, Cantarero K, Carrier A, Cetinkaya H, Croy I, Cueto RM, Czub M, Dronova D, Dural S, Duyar I, Ertugrul B, Espinosa A, Estevan I, Esteves CS, Fang L, Frackowiak T, Garduño JC, González KU, Guemaz F, Gyuris P, Halamová M, Herak I, Horvat M, Hromatko I, Hui CM, Jaafar JL, Jiang F, Kafetsios K, Kavčič T, Ottesen Kennair LE, Kervyn N, Khanh Ha TT, Khilji IA, Köbis NC, Lan HM, Láng A, Lennard GR, León E, Lindholm T, Linh TT, Lopez G, Luot NV, Mailhos A, Manesi Z, Martinez R, McKerchar SL, Meskó N, Misra G, Monaghan C, Mora EC, Moya-Garófano A, Musil B, Natividade JC, Niemczyk A, Nizharadze G, Oberzaucher E, Oleszkiewicz A, Omar-Fauzee MS, Onyishi IE, Özener B, Pagani AF, Pakalniskiene V, Parise M, Pazhoohi F, Pisanski A, Pisanski K, Ponciano E, Popa C, Prokop P, Rizwan M, Sainz M, Salkičević S, Sargautyte R, Sarmány-Schuller I, Schmehl S, Sharad S, Siddiqui RS, Simonetti F, Stoyanova SY, Tadinac M, Correa Varella MA, Vauclair CM, Vega LD, Widarini DA, Yoo G, Zaťková MM, and Zupančič M
Subjects: Animals, Choice Behavior, Female, Humans, Male, Marriage, Reproduction, Sexual Partners, Sex Characteristics, Sex Ratio
Abstract: A wide range of literature connects sex ratio and mating behaviours in non-human animals. However, research examining sex ratio and human mating is limited in scope. Prior work has examined the relationship between sex ratio and desire for short-term, uncommitted mating as well as outcomes such as marriage and divorce rates. Less empirical attention has been directed towards the relationship between sex ratio and mate preferences, despite the importance of mate preferences in the human mating literature. To address this gap, we examined sex ratio's relationship to the variation in preferences for attractiveness, resources, kindness, intelligence and health in a long-term mate across 45 countries ( n = 14 487). We predicted that mate preferences would vary according to relative power of choice on the mating market, with increased power derived from having relatively few competitors and numerous potential mates. We found that each sex tended to report more demanding preferences for attractiveness and resources where the opposite sex was abundant, compared to where the opposite sex was scarce. This pattern dovetails with those found for mating strategies in humans and mate preferences across species, highlighting the importance of sex ratio for understanding variation in human mate preferences.
Published: 2021
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28. Universality of the Triangular Theory of Love: Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of the Triangular Love Scale in 25 Countries.

Author: Sorokowski P, Sorokowska A, Karwowski M, Groyecka A, Aavik T, Akello G, Alm C, Amjad N, Anjum A, Asao K, Atama CS, Atamtürk Duyar D, Ayebare R, Batres C, Bendixen M, Bensafia A, Bizumic B, Boussena M, Buss DM, Butovskaya M, Can S, Cantarero K, Carrier A, Çetinkaya H, Chabin D, Conroy-Beam D, Croy I, Cueto RM, Czub M, Dronova D, Dural S, Duyar I, Ertugrul B, Espinosa A, Estevan I, Esteves CS, Frackowiak T, Graduño JC, Guemaz F, Ha Thu T, Haľamová M, Herak I, Horvat M, Hromatko I, Hui CM, Jaafar JL, Jiang F, Kafetsios K, Kavcic T, Kennair LEO, Kervyn N, Köbis NC, Kostic A, Krasnodębska A, Láng A, Lennard GR, León E, Lindholm T, Lopez G, Alhabahba MM, Mailhos A, Manesi Z, Martinez R, Sainz Martinez M, McKerchar SL, Meskó N, Misra G, Monaghan C, Mora EC, Moya-Garófano A, Musil B, Natividade JC, Nizharadze G, Oberzaucher E, Oleszkiewicz A, Omar Fauzee MS, Onyishi IE, Özener B, Pagani AF, Pakalniskiene V, Parise M, Pawłowski B, Pazhoohi F, Pejičić M, Pisanski A, Pisanski K, Plohl N, Ponciano E, Popa C, Prokop P, Przepiórka A, Quang Lam T, Rizwan M, Różycka-Tran J, Salkičević S, Sargautyte R, Sarmany-Schuller I, Schmehl S, Shahid A, Shaikh R, Sharad S, Simonetti F, Tadinac M, Thi Khanh Ha T, Ugalde González K, Vauclair CM, Vega LD, Widarini DA, Wojciszke B, Yoo G, Zadeh ZF, Zaťková M, Zupančič M, and Sternberg RJ
Subjects: Empirical Research, Humans, Psychometrics, Cross-Cultural Comparison, Love
Abstract: The Triangular Theory of Love (measured with Sternberg's Triangular Love Scale - STLS) is a prominent theoretical concept in empirical research on love. To expand the culturally homogeneous body of previous psychometric research regarding the STLS, we conducted a large-scale cross-cultural study with the use of this scale. In total, we examined more than 11,000 respondents, but as a result of applied exclusion criteria, the final analyses were based on a sample of 7332 participants from 25 countries (from all inhabited continents). We tested configural invariance, metric invariance, and scalar invariance, all of which confirmed the cultural universality of the theoretical construct of love analyzed in our study. We also observed that levels of love components differ depending on relationship duration, following the dynamics suggested in the Triangular Theory of Love. Supplementary files with all our data, including results on love intensity across different countries along with STLS versions adapted in a few dozen languages, will further enable more extensive research on the Triangular Theory of Love.
Published: 2021
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29. Piecewise regression equations for estimating stature: an anthropometric study in Spanish females.

Author: Saco-Ledo G, Porta J, Monson TA, Brasil MF, Atamtürk D, and Duyar I
Subjects: Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Regression Analysis, Spain, Anthropometry methods, Body Height, Forensic Anthropology methods, Tibia anatomy & histology
Abstract: In forensic anthropology, generic equations are generally preferred for estimation of stature. However, recent studies have demonstrated that regression equations specific to stature groups yield more accurate predictions. Almost all previous studies have been conducted on male subjects, and it is not currently known how well such equations work for females. Therefore, this study aims to test whether regression equations specific to stature groups work for females as well. To this end, a cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate stature on a sample of 351 Spanish adult females. The participants were randomized into a calibration group (n = 185) and a validation group (n = 166). Equations for stature estimation based on tibial length were developed in the calibration group, which was categorized according to stature (short, medium, and tall) using the 15th and 85th percentiles as cut-off points. The standard errors of the estimations (SEEs) for the group-specific regression equations (SEE = 2.35-2.66 cm) were lower than for the general formula derived for all participants of the calibration group (SEE = 3.46 cm). The specific equations resulted in smaller differences between estimated and recorded statures than the generic equation when we tested the equations with the validation group. Additionally, the SEE values of the stature-specific equations are lower compared to generic equations applied to other human populations. In conclusion, the group-specific equations from tibial length have high accuracy compared with previously derived equations for Spanish females and other populations. This procedure for estimating stature thereby improves the tools available to forensic scientists.
Published: 2020
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30. Reasons for Facebook Usage: Data From 46 Countries.

Author: Kowal M, Sorokowski P, Sorokowska A, Dobrowolska M, Pisanski K, Oleszkiewicz A, Aavik T, Akello G, Alm C, Amjad N, Anjum A, Asao K, Atama CS, Atamtürk Duyar D, Ayebare R, Bendixen M, Bensafia A, Bizumic B, Boussena M, Buss DM, Butovskaya M, Can S, Cantarero K, Carrier A, Cetinkaya H, Conroy-Beam D, Varella MAC, Cueto RM, Czub M, Dronova D, Dural S, Duyar I, Ertugrul B, Espinosa A, Estevan I, Esteves CS, Frackowiak T, Contreras-Graduño J, Guemaz F, Hromatko I, Hui CM, Herak I, Jaafar JL, Jiang F, Kafetsios K, Kavcic T, Kennair LEO, Kervyn N, Köbis NC, Láng A, Lennard GR, León E, Lindholm T, Lopez G, Madallh Alhabahba M, Mailhos A, Manesi Z, Martínez R, McKerchar SL, Meskó N, Misra G, Moc Lan H, Monaghan C, Mora EC, Moya Garófano A, Musil B, Natividade JC, Nizharadze G, Oberzaucher E, Omar Fauzee MS, Onyishi IE, Özener B, Pagani AF, Pakalniskiene V, Parise M, Pazhoohi F, Perun M, Pisanski A, Plohl N, Popa C, Prokop P, Rizwan M, Sainz M, Salkičević S, Sargautyte R, Schmehl S, Senyk O, Shaikh R, Sharad S, Simonetti F, Tadinac M, Thi Khanh Ha T, Thi Linh T, Ugalde González K, Van Luot N, Vauclair CM, Vega LD, Yoo G, Yordanova Stoyanova S, Zadeh ZF, and Zupančič M
Published: 2020
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31. Sex Differences in Mate Preferences Across 45 Countries: A Large-Scale Replication.

Author: Walter KV, Conroy-Beam D, Buss DM, Asao K, Sorokowska A, Sorokowski P, Aavik T, Akello G, Alhabahba MM, Alm C, Amjad N, Anjum A, Atama CS, Atamtürk Duyar D, Ayebare R, Batres C, Bendixen M, Bensafia A, Bizumic B, Boussena M, Butovskaya M, Can S, Cantarero K, Carrier A, Cetinkaya H, Croy I, Cueto RM, Czub M, Dronova D, Dural S, Duyar I, Ertugrul B, Espinosa A, Estevan I, Esteves CS, Fang L, Frackowiak T, Garduño JC, González KU, Guemaz F, Gyuris P, Halamová M, Herak I, Horvat M, Hromatko I, Hui CM, Jaafar JL, Jiang F, Kafetsios K, Kavčič T, Kennair LEO, Kervyn N, Khanh Ha TT, Khilji IA, Köbis NC, Lan HM, Láng A, Lennard GR, León E, Lindholm T, Linh TT, Lopez G, Van Luot N, Mailhos A, Manesi Z, Martinez R, McKerchar SL, Meskó N, Misra G, Monaghan C, Mora EC, Moya-Garófano A, Musil B, Natividade JC, Niemczyk A, Nizharadze G, Oberzaucher E, Oleszkiewicz A, Omar-Fauzee MS, Onyishi IE, Özener B, Pagani AF, Pakalniskiene V, Parise M, Pazhoohi F, Pisanski A, Pisanski K, Ponciano E, Popa C, Prokop P, Rizwan M, Sainz M, Salkičević S, Sargautyte R, Sarmány-Schuller I, Schmehl S, Sharad S, Siddiqui RS, Simonetti F, Stoyanova SY, Tadinac M, Varella MAC, Vauclair CM, Vega LD, Widarini DA, Yoo G, Zat'ková M, and Zupančič M
Subjects: Humans, Male, Female, Sexual Behavior psychology, Biological Evolution, Sex Characteristics, Marriage psychology
Abstract: Considerable research has examined human mate preferences across cultures, finding universal sex differences in preferences for attractiveness and resources as well as sources of systematic cultural variation. Two competing perspectives-an evolutionary psychological perspective and a biosocial role perspective-offer alternative explanations for these findings. However, the original data on which each perspective relies are decades old, and the literature is fraught with conflicting methods, analyses, results, and conclusions. Using a new 45-country sample ( N = 14,399), we attempted to replicate classic studies and test both the evolutionary and biosocial role perspectives. Support for universal sex differences in preferences remains robust: Men, more than women, prefer attractive, young mates, and women, more than men, prefer older mates with financial prospects. Cross-culturally, both sexes have mates closer to their own ages as gender equality increases. Beyond age of partner, neither pathogen prevalence nor gender equality robustly predicted sex differences or preferences across countries.
Published: 2020
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32. Contrasting Computational Models of Mate Preference Integration Across 45 Countries.

Author: Conroy-Beam D, Buss DM, Asao K, Sorokowska A, Sorokowski P, Aavik T, Akello G, Alhabahba MM, Alm C, Amjad N, Anjum A, Atama CS, Duyar DA, Ayebare R, Batres C, Bendixen M, Bensafia A, Bizumic B, Boussena M, Butovskaya M, Can S, Cantarero K, Carrier A, Cetinkaya H, Croy I, Cueto RM, Czub M, Dronova D, Dural S, Duyar I, Ertugrul B, Espinosa A, Estevan I, Esteves CS, Fang L, Frackowiak T, Garduño JC, González KU, Guemaz F, Gyuris P, Halamová M, Herak I, Horvat M, Hromatko I, Hui CM, Jaafar JL, Jiang F, Kafetsios K, Kavčič T, Kennair LEO, Kervyn N, Thi Khanh Ha T, Khilji IA, Köbis NC, Lan HM, Láng A, Lennard GR, León E, Lindholm T, Thi Linh T, Lopez G, Van Luot N, Mailhos A, Manesi Z, Martinez R, McKerchar SL, Meskó N, Misra G, Monaghan C, Mora EC, Moya-Garófano A, Musil B, Natividade JC, Niemczyk A, Nizharadze G, Oberzaucher E, Oleszkiewicz A, Omar-Fauzee MS, Onyishi IE, Özener B, Pagani AF, Pakalniskiene V, Parise M, Pazhoohi F, Pisanski A, Pisanski K, Ponciano E, Popa C, Prokop P, Rizwan M, Sainz M, Salkičević S, Sargautyte R, Sarmány-Schuller I, Schmehl S, Sharad S, Siddiqui RS, Simonetti F, Stoyanova SY, Tadinac M, Varella MAC, Vauclair CM, Vega LD, Widarini DA, Yoo G, Zaťková M, and Zupančič M
Subjects: Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Family Characteristics, Female, Geography, Humans, Male, Marriage ethnology, Marriage psychology, Middle Aged, Young Adult, Choice Behavior physiology, Computer Simulation, Cross-Cultural Comparison, Sexual Behavior ethnology, Sexual Behavior psychology, Sexual Partners psychology
Abstract: Humans express a wide array of ideal mate preferences. Around the world, people desire romantic partners who are intelligent, healthy, kind, physically attractive, wealthy, and more. In order for these ideal preferences to guide the choice of actual romantic partners, human mating psychology must possess a means to integrate information across these many preference dimensions into summaries of the overall mate value of their potential mates. Here we explore the computational design of this mate preference integration process using a large sample of n = 14,487 people from 45 countries around the world. We combine this large cross-cultural sample with agent-based models to compare eight hypothesized models of human mating markets. Across cultures, people higher in mate value appear to experience greater power of choice on the mating market in that they set higher ideal standards, better fulfill their preferences in choice, and pair with higher mate value partners. Furthermore, we find that this cross-culturally universal pattern of mate choice is most consistent with a Euclidean model of mate preference integration.
Published: 2019
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33. Stature estimation based on tibial length in different stature groups of Spanish males.

Author: Saco-Ledo G, Porta J, Duyar I, and Mateos A
Subjects: Adolescent, Adult, Anthropometry methods, Cross-Sectional Studies, Forensic Anthropology, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Spain, White People, Young Adult, Body Height, Tibia anatomy & histology
Abstract: It is well-known that secular trends affect human stature and constitution, and this fact should be taken into consideration in forensic anthropology, especially in stature estimation. Recently, stature-group-specific equations have been developed to take into account these variations. The aim of the present study is to estimate living stature according to tibial length in different stature groups in a sample of Spanish adult males in order to improve the accuracy of previous equations. A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 495 Spanish Caucasian participants who were randomized into two groups, the study group with 249 participants and the cross-validation group with 246 participants. Specific equations were obtained according to stature groups using the 15th and 85th percentiles as cut off points. The results showed that the coefficient of determination (R 2 ) and standard error of estimation (SEE) were lower with the specific equations based on stature groups (R 2 =0.22-0.57; SEE=2.12-2.66cm) than the equation with all participants of the study group (R 2 = 0.77; SEE=3.29cm). The equations were tested in the cross-validation group, whose results showed more accuracy in the equations for a stature <185.9cm (i.e., in people with short and medium statures). In conclusion, the stature-group-specific equations based on tibial lengths of Spanish adult males are more accurate for stature estimation than other equations that have been formulated in the Spanish population. In forensic settings, it is recommended to use regression equations specific to stature groups when estimating stature., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2019
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34. Self-reported aggressiveness is not related to developmental instability.

Author: Özener B, Atamtürk D, and Duyar İ
Subjects: Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Self Report, Sex Factors, Aggression psychology, Body Weights and Measures
Abstract: Objective: In recent years, several researchers have focused on the relationship between fluctuating asymmetry and aggression. These studies reveal conflicting results. In this study, we examined the relationship between bodily symmetry and self-reported aggressive behavior in healthy young people living in Turkey., Methods: The sample comprised of 100 male and 102 female university students recruited from Cumhuriyet University, Sivas. The Buss and Perry aggressiveness questionnaire was used. Four bilateral traits were measured for fluctuating asymmetry analysis. For the subsequent statistical analyses, only the composite asymmetry index was used., Results: There was no relationship between composite asymmetry and any component of aggressiveness for either sex., Conclusions: Our findings for people living in Turkey did not support the hypothesis that aggressiveness, as a signal of evolutionary fitness, is related to developmental instability., (© 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)
Published: 2015
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35. Inbreeding is associated with lower 2D: 4D digit ratio.

Author: Ozener B, Hurd PL, and Duyar I
Subjects: Adolescent, Female, Humans, Male, Social Class, Turkey, Young Adult, Consanguinity, Fingers anatomy & histology
Abstract: Objectives: While consanguineous marriage has been shown to result in a small increase in risk of recessive Mendelian disorders among offspring, far less research has been conducted on the effects of inbreeding on complex traits. These effects, thought to result from increased developmental instability due to loss of heterozygosity, are expected to be found more pervasively than rare recessive Mendelian traits and are expected to result in increased developmental noise. Here, we test for a direct effect of inbreeding on 2D : 4D, a putative indicator of prenatal hormonal environment., Methods: We compared the 2D : 4D ratios of 122 male and 108 female consanguineous (children of first cousin marriages) high school and university students to those of 142 male and 122 females controls., Results: Across hands and sex, consanguineous parentage was consistently associated with lower, more masculine-typical, digit ratios. Digit ratios were 1.3-1.9 times more variable among the consanguineous group than the control group. While socio-economic status cannot explain the effects seen in our data, we found that lower, more masculinized, digit ratios were associated with lower family income., Conclusions: Our results suggest that consanguineous marriages are associated with a fetal environment that influences morphological development and may have associated behavioral sequelae., (Copyright © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)
Published: 2014
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36. Age-related factors in the relationship between foot measurements and living stature and body weight.

Author: Atamturk D and Duyar I
Subjects: Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Regression Analysis, Reproducibility of Results, Sex Characteristics, Sex Determination by Skeleton, Young Adult, Age Determination by Skeleton, Body Height, Body Weight, Foot anatomy & histology, Forensic Anthropology methods
Abstract: The measurements of feet and footprints are especially important in forensic identification, as they have been used to predict the body height and weight of victims or suspects. It can be observed that the subjects of forensic-oriented studies are generally young adults. That is to say, researchers rarely take into consideration the body's proportional changes with age. Hence, the aim of this study is to generate equations which take age and sex into consideration, when stature and body weight are estimated from foot and footprints dimensions. With this aim in mind, we measured the stature, body weight, foot length and breadth, heel breadth, footprint length and breadth, and footprint heel breadth of 516 volunteers (253 males and 263 females) aged between 17.6 and 82.9 years using standard measurement techniques. The sample population was divided randomly into two groups. Group 1, the study group, consisted of 80% of the sample (n = 406); the remaining 20% were assigned to the cross-validation group or Group 2 (n = 110). In the first stage of the study, we produced equations for estimating stature and weight using a stepwise regression technique. Then, their reliability was tested on Group 2 members. Statistical analyses showed that the ratios of foot dimensions to stature and body weight change considerably with age and sex. Consequently, the regression equations which include these variables yielded more reliable results. Our results indicated that age and sex should be taken into consideration when predicting human body height and weight for forensic purposes.
Published: 2008
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37. Growth patterns and physical plasticity in adolescent laborers.

Author: Duyar I
Subjects: Adolescent, Anthropometry, Humans, Male, Turkey, Adolescent Development, Employment, Growth physiology
Abstract: Data about the effects of working environment and excessive physical loads on human growth and constitution are insufficient. Although there are a few studies which link growth retardation in children's stature and long bones to their exposure to hard labor, it is difficult to discern whether the detrimental effects of compressive forces on growth result solely from severe compressive stresses or from the subjects' poor economic and substandard nutritional conditions as well. The aim of this study was to clarify this issue by comparing the anthropometric dimensions of laboring and non-laboring adolescents; both groups came from lower socioeconomic strata and were subject to poor living conditions. The laboring group consisted of 532 male apprentices aged 13.5-18.5, and the control group, of their 451 non-laboring peers who were attending school during the period of observation. Body weight, 3 vertical dimensions (stature, upper and lower limb lengths), 2 diameters (elbow and knee breadths), and 3 circumferences (contracted and relaxed upper arm girth and calf girth) were measured. In addition, relative growth according to the body height for each variable was computed, since relative variables are more valuable in evaluating the effects of excessive loading on the human body. The analyses showed that all vertical dimensions of laboring adolescents lagged behind those of their non-laboring peers. There were also clear differences between the two groups with regard to relative diameters and girths. The pressure effects of physical activity stimulate the transversal growth of the long bones. Similarly, circumferences, especially contracted upper arm girth relative to stature, are more developed in the laboring group than in the non-laboring group. These findings suggest that excessive workloads retard adolescents' vertical growth, especially in upper parts of the body, but that they stimulate transversal growth of the long bones and muscle development.
Published: 2008

38. Body composition of young laborers: the results of a bioelectrical impedance analysis.

Author: Ozener B, Duyar I, and Atamtürk D
Subjects: Adipose Tissue anatomy & histology, Adolescent, Adult, Electric Impedance, Humans, Male, Socioeconomic Factors, Body Composition, Motor Activity
Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the changes caused by physical stress on the body composition of young males. In order to show these changes, the study was performed with 104 young male laborers who worked through their adolescence and who were currently working in workshops in the industrial sector (Group 1, mean age 18.48 +/- 0.61 years). For the control group, two groups of the same age but having a difference in terms of socioeconomic status were chosen. The first one of these was comprised of individuals who had the same socioeconomic status as the laborers (Group 2, n = 102, mean age 18.39 +/- 0.58 years) but were not laborers. The second control group was composed of individuals from the higher socioeconomic levels of society (Group 3, n = 103, mean age 18.43 +/- 0.67). Measurements of the height of the individuals were taken with a standard portable anthropometer, and their body weight and BIA measurements were taken with Tanita TBF-305 leg-to-leg body composition analysis equipment. The results of the analysis show that the weight, height, BMI and fat mass values of the laborers were significantly lower (P < 0.05-0.001) than those of Group 3, but were not statistically different from those of Group 2. These findings reveal that the effects of socioeconomic conditions on body composition outweigh those of working conditions.
Published: 2007

39. The ultrastructural alterations in rat corneas with experimentally-induced diabetes mellitus.

Author: Take G, Karabay G, Erdogan D, and Duyar I
Subjects: Animals, Basement Membrane ultrastructure, Blood Glucose analysis, Cornea pathology, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Descemet Membrane ultrastructure, Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental blood, Epithelium, Corneal ultrastructure, Histological Techniques, Hypoglycemic Agents administration & dosage, Insulin administration & dosage, Microscopy, Electron, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Streptozocin, Time Factors, Cornea ultrastructure, Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental drug therapy, Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental pathology, Hypoglycemic Agents therapeutic use, Insulin therapeutic use
Abstract: Objective: To examine the ultrastructural changes of rat corneas in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetes mellitus and the follow-up insulin treatment., Methods: Sprague-Dawley type rats was used for experimental procedures during the period from January to April 2003 at Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey. Rats were studied in 4 groups; group 1: controls, group 2: sham controls (single dose IV sodium citrate), group 3: STZ-induced diabetes mellitus (single dose 45 mg/kg STZ intravenously), group 4: diabetes mellitus + insulin treatment (8 U/day)., Results: We observed degenerative changes in the epithelial layer, stromal keratocytes and endothelial cells in diabetic group. In contrast, the corneal layers have revealed positive alterations in the insulin-treated group. The statistical analyses showed significant narrowing in the epithelial layer in the diabetic group (p=0.002), whereas thickening was observed in the epithelial basement membrane and Descemet's membrane (p=0.002)., Conclusion: It was determined that diabetes mellitus causes degenerative changes in cornea, which are positively influenced by short-term insulin treatment.
Published: 2006

40. Growth and nutritional status of male adolescent laborers in Ankara, Turkey.

Author: Duyar I and Ozener B
Subjects: Adolescent, Anthropometry, Case-Control Studies, Cross-Sectional Studies, Humans, Male, Turkey, Adolescent Development, Adolescent Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Employment
Abstract: Undernutrition, pathogenic agents, and poor living conditions are of primary importance in the evaluation of adverse environmental conditions' effects on human growth; but child labor (an equally significant factor, especially in underdeveloped countries) is generally overlooked or ignored. The aim of this study is to focus on this subject and clarify the effects of labor on the physical growth and nutritional status of child and adolescent laborers. In this study, the height and weight of 532 male adolescent laborers aged 13.5-18.5 years and their non-laboring peers (n = 451) (the control group) were measured by standard anthropometric techniques and equipment. The individuals of both groups come from lower socioeconomic strata and share similar living conditions. Data were transformed to z-scores, using the US Center for Disease Control and Prevention's 2000 growth charts. The analyses show that the z-scores for height-for-age, weight-for-age, and body mass index (BMI)-for-age were negative in both groups. The z-scores of laborers' height-for-age and weight-for-age values lie below the controls', but there is no significant difference between the two groups' BMI-for-age scores. In the laboring group, the percentages of stunting (-2 SD of height-for-age), underweight (-2 SD of weight-for-age), and wasting (-2 SD of BMI-for-age) were 14.3, 2.6, and 0.2, respectively. These values suggest that malnutrition is not a common problem among adolescent laborers living in Ankara; but laboring is an important cause of faltering in growth, particularly in linear growth, in less or underdeveloped economic environments., (Copyright 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc)
Published: 2005
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41. Body height estimation based on dimensions of sacral and coccygeal vertebrae.

Author: Pelin C, Duyar I, Kayahan EM, Zağyapan R, Ağildere AM, and Erar A
Subjects: Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Forecasting, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Sensitivity and Specificity, Body Height, Coccyx anatomy & histology, Forensic Anthropology methods, Sacrum anatomy & histology
Abstract: This study is to evaluate whether it is possible to predict living stature from sacral and coccygeal vertebral dimensions. Individual vertebral body heights, sacral height (SH), and sacrococcygeal height (SCH) were recorded from the magnetic resonance images of 42 adult males. Sum of the heights of five sacral vertebrae (sigmaS), the first four coccygeal vertebrae (sigmaC), and the total height of the sacral and the first four coccygeal vertebrae together (sigmaSC) were also recorded. Linear regression equations for stature estimation were produced using the above mentioned variables. The regression equations were constructed and tested by using jack-knife procedure. Statistical analyses indicated that the combined variables (SH, SCH, sigmaS, sigmaC, sigmaSC) were more accurate predictors of stature than the heights of individual vertebrae. The results of the study pointed out that the equations derived from sacrococcygeal dimensions perform somewhat better than ones based on foot and head variables, but worse than those based on long-bone length. As a conclusion, the dimensions of sacral and coccygeal vertebrae could be used for stature estimation when long bones are not available.
Published: 2005

42. Body height estimation based on tibia length in different stature groups.

Author: Duyar I and Pelin C
Subjects: Adolescent, Adult, Anthropology, Physical, Anthropometry, Forecasting, Humans, Male, Reference Values, Body Height, Models, Theoretical, Tibia anatomy & histology
Abstract: Long bone length is one of the best-known indicators of human stature. Although the long bone length/height ratio differs in tall and short individuals, no detailed study has investigated whether specific formulae should be used to calculate height in different stature groups. This study proposes a new height estimation method. Body height and tibia length were measured in 121 male subjects aged 18.0-34.3 years. Three subgroups were established according to body height (short, medium, or tall), using the 15th and 85th percentiles as cutoff levels. The general formula and a group-specific regression formula were used to estimate height in each subgroup. A control group with the same properties as the study group was analyzed in the same manner. Particularly with "short" and "tall" subjects, the difference between true height and the height predicted by the group-specific formulae was smaller than the difference observed when the general formula was used. These discrepancies were statistically significant. When estimating height based on tibia length, the individual's general stature category should be taken into consideration, and group-specific formulae should be used for short and tall subjects., (Copyright 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.)
Published: 2003
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43. Estimating stature from tibia length: a comparison of methods.

Author: Pelin IC and Duyar I
Subjects: Adult, Humans, Male, Mathematics, Turkey, Anthropometry methods, Body Height, Forensic Anthropology methods, Tibia anatomy & histology
Abstract: Most forensic and biological anthropological studies use the stature-estimation formulae developed by Trotter and Gleser. In recent decades, studies of morphological differences between populations have indicated that population-specific formulae are necessary to obtain accurate estimates. A number of equations have been devised for the Turkish population. Previously, we introduced a "general formula" and three "stature-group-specific formulae" based on tibial length. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether formulae in the literature are suitable for estimating height in the Turkish population. To make this assessment, we compared the accuracy of formulae designed for Turkish people to the accuracy of formulae devised for other populations. We also evaluated the accuracy in short, medium, and tall height groupings. The formulae were tested on 110 healthy Turkish male adults, with estimated height compared to true height in each case. Analysis showed that the Trotter-Gleser formula for Mongoloids was most accurate for estimating stature in the study group as a whole. The formulae of Sağir for the Turkish population and our previously published "general formula" were the next most accurate methods, respectively. When the 110 subjects were categorized as short (1652 mm and below), medium (1653 to 1840 mm), and tall (1841 and above), the stature-group-specific formulae calculated in the present study were more accurate than all other equations for subjects at the height extremes. The results of this study indicate that stature-group-specific formulae are more reliable for forensic cases.
Published: 2003

44. A new correction procedure for calibrating dental caries frequency.

Author: Erdal YS and Duyar I
Subjects: Humans, Incisor, Molar, Prevalence, Reference Values, Reproducibility of Results, Anthropology, Physical methods, Dental Caries epidemiology, Oral Health
Abstract: The incisors and canines and the premolars and molars show differential resistance to cariogenic factors. The anterior teeth have a lower caries frequency than the posterior teeth. However, these tooth classes are lost differentially in postmortem stages due to their anatomical structures. This differential postmortem tooth loss distorts proportions between the anterior and posterior tooth classes. The disproportionality can affect the calculation of total caries prevalence. In this paper, we propose a new calibration procedure which removes this disproportionality and call it the proportional correction factor. For this procedure, the caries rates of anterior and posterior teeth are corrected by multiplying the anterior teeth by three-eighths and the posterior teeth by five-eighths. These fractions are derived from the human dental formula which contains three anterior and five posterior teeth by side. The correction factor is more effective if the proportion of anterior to the posterior teeth is extremely distorted. When this procedure is used with the caries correction factor, it provides a useful way to approach to an almost true caries prevalence.
Published: 1999
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45. The frequency of multiple births in central Anatolia.

Author: Duyar I and Güntay-Ayaz N
Subjects: Adult, Female, Humans, Incidence, Maternal Age, Parity, Pregnancy, Seasons, Turkey, Birth Rate, Quadruplets statistics & numerical data, Triplets statistics & numerical data, Twins statistics & numerical data
Abstract: The purposes of the present study were to contribute additional data regarding the frequency of multiple births in Ankara, and to reassess both the relation between maternal age and twinning, and the inter-relation between twinning and seasonality. The frequency of twinning was found to be 0.0084858 +/- 0.00028 (0.85%), triplets 0.0001087 +/- 0.000031 (0.011%), and quadruplets 0.000009 (0.0009%). It is observed that there is a correlation between the frequency of twinning, maternal age and parity, and that the rate of twinning increases with maternal age. The twinning rate varies according to the month of the year in which birth takes place. Accordingly, the frequency of twin births is greater between May and August, and lower between September and December.
Published: 1993

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