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10. Mapping potential pathways from polygenic liability through brain structure to psychological problems across the transition to adolescence.

Author

Lahey, Benjamin B., Durham, E. Leighton, Brislin, Sarah J., Barr, Peter B., Dick, Danielle M., Moore, Tyler M., Pierce, Brandon L., Tong, Lin, Reimann, Gabrielle E., Jeong, Hee Jung, Dupont, Randolph M., and Kaczkurkin, Antonia N.

Subjects
*ADOLESCENT development, *RISK assessment, *ATTENTION-deficit hyperactivity disorder, *RESEARCH funding, *RISK-taking behavior, *BRAIN, *MENTAL illness, *CELLULAR signal transduction, *MAGNETIC resonance imaging, *UNSAFE sex, *QUALITY control, *STRUCTURAL equation modeling, *DESCRIPTIVE statistics, *GENETIC risk score, *TEENAGERS' conduct of life, *BEHAVIOR disorders in children, *LONGITUDINAL method, *GRAY matter (Nerve tissue), *CHILD Behavior Checklist, *NEURORADIOLOGY, *QUALITY assurance, *FACTOR analysis, *COMPARATIVE studies, *DATA analysis software, *TRANSITION to adulthood, *GENETICS, *GENOTYPES, *ADOLESCENCE
Abstract

Background: We used a polygenic score for externalizing behavior (extPGS) and structural MRI to examine potential pathways from genetic liability to conduct problems via the brain across the adolescent transition. Methods: Three annual assessments of child conduct problems, attention‐deficit/hyperactivity problems, and internalizing problems were conducted across across 9–13 years of age among 4,475 children of European ancestry in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive DevelopmentSM Study (ABCD Study®). Results: The extPGS predicted conduct problems in each wave (R2 = 2.0%–2.9%). Bifactor models revealed that the extPRS predicted variance specific to conduct problems (R2 = 1.7%–2.1%), but also variance that conduct problems shared with other measured problems (R2 =.8%–1.4%). Longitudinally, extPGS predicted levels of specific conduct problems (R2 = 2.0%), but not their slope of change across age. The extPGS was associated with total gray matter volume (TGMV; R2 =.4%) and lower TGMV predicted both specific conduct problems (R2 = 1.7%–2.1%) and the variance common to all problems in each wave (R2 = 1.6%–3.1%). A modest proportion of the polygenic liability specific to conduct problems in each wave was statistically mediated by TGMV. Conclusions: Across the adolescent transition, the extPGS predicted both variance specific to conduct problems and variance shared by all measured problems. The extPGS also was associated with TGMV, which robustly predicted conduct problems. Statistical mediation analyses suggested the hypothesis that polygenic variation influences individual differences in brain development that are related to the likelihood of conduct problems during the adolescent transition, justifying new research to test this causal hypothesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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12. Multivariate analytical approaches for investigating brain-behavior relationships

Author

Durham, E. Leighton, primary, Ghanem, Karam, additional, Stier, Andrew J., additional, Cardenas-Iniguez, Carlos, additional, Reimann, Gabrielle E., additional, Jeong, Hee Jung, additional, Dupont, Randolph M., additional, Dong, Xiaoyu, additional, Moore, Tyler M., additional, Berman, Marc G., additional, Lahey, Benjamin B., additional, Bzdok, Danilo, additional, and Kaczkurkin, Antonia N., additional

Published
2023
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13. 138. Functional Network Topology and Environmental Stressor

Author

Jeong, Hee Jung, primary, Reimann, Gabrielle, additional, Durham, E. Leighton, additional, Stier, Andrew J., additional, Moore, Tyler, additional, Dupont, Randolph M., additional, Pines, Julia R., additional, Berman, Marc G., additional, and Kaczkurkin, Antonia, additional

Published
2023
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14. P440. Investigation of Multivariate Associations Between Brain Volume and Dimensions of Psychopathology in Children

Author

Durham, E. Leighton, primary, Stier, Andrew J., additional, Cardenas-Iniguez, Carlos, additional, Reimann, Gabrielle, additional, Jeong, Hee Jung, additional, Dupont, Randolph M., additional, Dong, Xiaoyu, additional, Moore, Tyler M., additional, Berman, Marc G., additional, Lahey, Benjamin B., additional, and Kaczkurkin, Antonia N., additional

Published
2022
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16. P68. Atypical Network Properties During Rest and Task Performance in Youth With ADHD Symptoms: A Bifactor Model Approach

Author

Reimann, Gabrielle, primary, Stier, Andrew J., additional, Moore, Tyler M., additional, Durham, E. Leighton, additional, Jeong, Hee Jung, additional, Cardenas-Iniguez, Carlos, additional, Dupont, Randolph M., additional, Pines, Julia R., additional, Berman, Marc G., additional, Lahey, Benjamin B., additional, and Kaczkurkin, Antonia N., additional

Published
2022
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17. Atypical Functional Network Properties and Associated Dimensions of Child Psychopathology During Rest and Task Performance

Author

Reimann, Gabrielle E., Stier, Andrew J., Moore, Tyler M., Durham, E. Leighton, Jeong, Hee Jung, Cardenas-Iniguez, Carlos, Dupont, Randolph M., Pines, Julia R., Berman, Marc G., Lahey, Benjamin B., and Kaczkurkin, Antonia N.

Abstract

When brain networks deviate from typical development, this is thought to contribute to varying forms of psychopathology. However, research has been limited by the reliance on discrete diagnostic categories that overlook the potential for psychological comorbidity and the dimensional nature of symptoms.

Published
2023
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19. List of contributors

Author

Bell, R., primary, De Smet, D., additional, Durham, E., additional, Hawley, J.M., additional, Hewitt, A., additional, Connell, K.Y. Hiller, additional, Kan, C.-W., additional, Khatri, A., additional, Kozar, J.M., additional, Lewis, T., additional, Russell, S., additional, Shen, J., additional, Smith, E., additional, Sumner, M.P., additional, Vanneste, M., additional, Weydts, D., additional, White, M., additional, and Williams, D., additional

Published
2015
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24. Criterion validity and relationships between alternative hierarchical dimensional models of general and specific psychopathology.

Author

Moore, Tyler M., primary, Kaczkurkin, Antonia N., additional, Durham, E. Leighton, additional, Jeong, Hee Jung, additional, McDowell, Malerie G., additional, Dupont, Randolph M., additional, Applegate, Brooks, additional, Tackett, Jennifer L., additional, Cardenas-Iniguez, Carlos, additional, Kardan, Omid, additional, Akcelik, Gaby N., additional, Stier, Andrew J., additional, Rosenberg, Monica D., additional, Hedeker, Donald, additional, Berman, Marc G., additional, and Lahey, Benjamin B., additional

Published
2020
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25. Correction to Moore et al. (2020).

Author

Moore, Tyler M., primary, Kaczkurkin, Antonia N., additional, Durham, E. Leighton, additional, Jeong, Hee Jung, additional, McDowell, Malerie G., additional, Dupont, Randolph M., additional, Applegate, Brooks, additional, Tackett, Jennifer L., additional, Cardenas-Iniguez, Carlos, additional, Kardan, Omid, additional, Akcelik, Gaby N., additional, Stier, Andrew J., additional, Rosenberg, Monica D., additional, Hedeker, Donald, additional, Berman, Marc G., additional, and Lahey, Benjamin B., additional

Published
2020
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31. Effects of citalopram on sutural and calvarial cell processes

Author

Durham, E, Jen, S, Wang, L, Nasworthy, J, Elsalanty, M, Weinberg, S, Yu, J, Cray, J, Durham, E, Jen, S, Wang, L, Nasworthy, J, Elsalanty, M, Weinberg, S, Yu, J, and Cray, J

Abstract

The use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) for the treatment of depression during pregnancy is suggested to increase the incidence of craniofacial abnormalities including craniosynostosis. Little is known about this mechanism, however based on previous data we propose a mechanism that affects cell cycle. Excessive proliferation, and reduction in apoptosis may lead to hyperplasia within the suture that may allow for differentiation, bony infiltration, and fusion. Here we utilized in vivo and in vitro analysis to investigate this proposed phenomenon. For in vivo analysis we used C57BL-6 wild-type breeders treated with a clinical dose of citalopram during the third trimester of pregnancy to produce litters exposed to the SSRI citalopram in utero. At post-natal day 15 sutures were harvested from resulting pups and subjected to histomorphometric analysis for proliferation (PCNA) and apoptosis (TUNEL). For in vitro studies, we used mouse calvarial pre-osteoblast cells (MC3T3-E1) to assess proliferation (MTS), apoptosis (Caspase 3/7-activity), and gene expression after exposure to titrated doses of citalopram. In vivo analysis for PCNA suggested segregation of effect by location, with the sagittal suture, showing a statistically significant increase in proliferative response. The coronal suture was not similarly affected, however there was a decrease in apoptotic activity at the dural edge as compared to the periosteal edge. No differences in apoptosis by suture or area due to SSRI exposure were observed. In vitro results suggest citalopram exposure increased proliferation and proliferative gene expression, and decreased apoptosis of the MC3T3-E1 cells. Decreased apoptosis was not confirmed in vivo however, an increase in proliferation without a concomitant increase in apoptosis is still defined as hyperplasia. Thus prenatal SSRI exposure may exert a negative effect on post-natal growth through a hyperplasia effect at the cranial growth sites perhaps leadin

Published
2015

32. Symbols of power: the Silchester bronze eagle and eagles in Roman Britain

Author

Durham, E.

Abstract

Those who study Roman art and religion in Britain will know that there are a relatively small number of pieces in stone and bronze which are regularly used to illustrate arguments on Romanization, provincialism and identity. However, while these objects become familiar through such use, they are, in fact, often little studied as pieces in their own right and the only description of their appearance and context are some fifty or more years old. Re-excavation of the context from which the Silchester eagle was recovered has raised questions about the date of its deposition, as well as its origin and use, and indeed the nature of its deposition at Silchester. This paper examines the figurine in detail, the role of the eagle at Silchester and explores the significance of the eagle more widely in Roman Britain.

Published
2013

41. Using Machine Learning to Derive Neurobiological Subtypes of General Psychopathology in Late Childhood.

Author

Reimann, Gabrielle E., Dupont, Randolph M., Sotiras, Aristeidis, Earnest, Tom, Jeong, Hee Jung, Durham, E. Leighton, Archer, Camille, Moore, Tyler M., Lahey, Benjamin B., and Kaczkurkin, Antonia N.

Subjects
*INTERNALIZING behavior, *EXTERNALIZING behavior, *PATHOLOGICAL psychology, *COGNITIVE ability, *ATTENTION-deficit hyperactivity disorder
Abstract

Traditional mental health diagnoses rely on symptom-based classifications. Yet this approach can oversimplify clinical presentations as diagnoses often do not adequately map onto neurobiological features. Alternatively, our study used structural imaging data and a semisupervised machine learning technique, heterogeneity through discriminative analysis, to identify neurobiological subtypes in 9- to 10-year-olds with high psychopathology endorsements (n = 9,027). Our model revealed two stable neurobiological subtypes (adjusted Rand index = 0.38). Subtype 1 showed smaller structural properties, elevated conduct problems and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms, and impaired cognitive performance compared to Subtype 2 and typically developing youth. Subtype 2 had larger structural properties, cognitive abilities comparable to typically developing youth, and elevated internalizing symptoms relative to Subtype 1 and typically developing youth. These subtypes remained stable in their neurobiological characteristics, cognitive ability, and associated psychopathology traits over time. Taken together, our data-driven approach uncovered evidence of neural heterogeneity as demonstrated by structural patterns that map onto divergent profiles of psychopathology symptoms and cognitive performance in youth. General Scientific Summary: This study identified neurobiological subtypes underlying high levels of general psychopathology. Smaller/thinner brains were associated with specific externalizing symptoms and cognitive deficits. Larger/thicker brains were associated with elevated internalizing symptoms and intact cognition. Neural characteristics, cognition, and psychopathology among the subtypes remained largely stable across a 2-year period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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42. How patients die.

Author

Durham E and Weiss L

Abstract

Giving care and comfort to your patients as they move from life into death is as much part of nursing as helping to prolong life. To ease their journey takes an understanding of the emotional and physiologic aspects of the dying process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1997
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43. List of contributors

Author

Bell, R., De Smet, D., Durham, E., Hawley, J.M., Hewitt, A., Connell, K.Y. Hiller, Kan, C.-W., Khatri, A., Kozar, J.M., Lewis, T., Russell, S., Shen, J., Smith, E., Sumner, M.P., Vanneste, M., Weydts, D., White, M., and Williams, D.

Published
2016
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