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The construction sector uses various metals like steel (for frames, reinforced concrete), iron (wrought iron for beams, trusses, girders), aluminium (ceiling and walls, window frames, HVAC systems etc.) and copper (cladding, electrical wiring, oil & gas lines). Due to increasing pressure on various resources like energy, chemicals and raw materials, economic edge can be sustained only through high resource efficiency. Adopting resource efficient cleaner production (RECP) measures will improve economic and environmental performance, including reducing greenhouse gas emissions; in turn, this will make them less vulnerable to changes in external conditions and more competitive. With co-funding from the EU SWITCH-Asia Programme, the project METABUILD (www.metabuild-southasia.org) aims at implementing sustainable production processes and practices in 400 SMEs across Bangladesh, Nepal and Sri Lanka besides creating a conducive environment for further adoption of sustainable production processes in the metal products supply chain for the building and construction sector. In Nepal, the project has already engaged with 82 metal industries. These cover different sectors such as fabrication, wire drawing, electrical cables, re-rolling, galvanizing/electroplating, casting etc. and are in multiple locations viz. Kathmandu, Lalitpur, Morang, Sunsari, Rupandehi, Bara, Parsa, Kaski districts. RECP measures such as use of daylight, replacement of inefficient lights by LED lights, power factor improvement, furnace modification, waste heat recovery, insulation etc. have been implemented. These have led to savings in energy and raw materials, at the same time reducing generation of wastes from these participating industries and improvement of occupational health and safety (OHS). This paper will explain the mode of engagement with industries, details of the resource efficiency measures implemented and estimated saving.

Etude du polyacrylate (CM 2 -CHCO 2 R 1 ) n -(CH 2 ) m -O-Ph-Ph-CW) dope par le 4-butyl 4'-methoxyazobenzene et du copolymere [(CH 2 -CHCO 2 R 1 -) x (CH 2 -CHCO 2 R 2 ) y ] n (R 2 =-(CH 2 ) m -O-Ph-N=N-Ph-OMe) L'irradiation des films de polymere entraine l'isomerisation reversible trans-cis qui induit la transition nematique → isotropique. L'efficacite de la transition depend de la valeur de m de la masse moleculaire du polymere et de l'ordre orientationnel initial du polymere

Etude de la transition de phase induite par la photoisomerisation dans les polyacrylates de ω-[methoxy-4' phenoxycarbonyl-4 phenoxy] alkyle dopes par un compose mesogene photoisomerable et dans les copolymeres du meme acrylate avec un acrylate de ω-(methoxy-4 phenylazo-4 phenoxy] alkyle. Relation avec la vitesse de la transition et la longueur de l'espaceur alcoxy et l'ordre orientationnel initial du polymere. Evaluation du polymere comme materiau de stockage d'image

Determination par DSC des parametres thermodynamiques des transitions nematique-isotrope et des parametres d'ordre orientationnel de polyacrylates de ω-[methoxy-4' phenoxycarbonyl-4 phenoxy] alkyle et de copolymeres du meme acrylate avec un acrylate de ω-[methoxy-4 phenylazo-4 phenoxy] alkyle en fonction de la longueur de la chaine alkyl

Amplified optical image storage has been demonstrated in polymer liquid crystals (PLC). A small amount (< 5 mol%) of a low molecular weight mesogen with a photoresponsive moiety, 4-butyl-4′-methoxyazobenzene (BMAB), was doped in the films of polyacrylates with mesogenic side chain, poly(4′-methoxyphenyl-4-acryloyloxyalkoxybenzoate)(PAn), in which the alkyl spacer length (CH2)n was varied as n = 2, 3, 5, and 6. Photoirradiation of the PA3/BMAB film with a 366 nm light caused trans→cis isomerization of BMAB, which induced simultaneously the nematic (N)→isotropic phase transition of the PLC films. This photochemically induced phase transition was reversible and photoirradiation with a 525 nm light which induced cis→trans isomerization restored the system to the initial phase (N). The photo-induced phase transition was found to be strongly dependent on molecular weight of the host PLC and temperature.