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This study focuses on the factors that impact on assessment of student satisfaction with the quality of training services at the College of Commerce in the period from 2014 to 2019. A survey questionnaire was sent to 249 student respondents. The survey period was from April 2019 to the end of May 2019. The research results show that there are 7 elements: Trust, Empathy, Tangible medium, Response, Service capacity. Based on the research results, recommendations for personnel policies have been proposed to improve student satisfaction with the quality of training services at the Da Nang Commercial College in the 2019-2030 periods. [Starting on p. 59 the headers and footers are incorrect.]

Hybrid car technology is a combination of the advantages of pure electric cars and fossil fuel cars. Due to the electric motor (EM) support, the internal combustion engine (ICE) does not have to work in inefficient areas, saving fuel and reducing environmental pollution. However, to distribute the right source of motivation and the working mode, the role of the coordinator is vital. This paper aims to calculate the combination of two power sources from the EM and the ICE on hybrid cars. After calculating the design, the calculation and strength test of the power combiner was carried out using Ansys software. Results of this study showed that the maximum stress on the ring gear, sun gear, planetary gear, and the shaft is 160.89 Mpa, 175.56 Mpa, 239.03 Mpa, and 415.56 Mpa, respectively, and the maximum deformation on the ring gear, sun gear, planetary gear, and the shaft is 0.0104 mm, 0.017 mm, 0.0184 mm, and 0.178 mm, respectively. This shows that the article’s results can be used in research on the Power Split Device in Hybrid cars.

Therapeutic reasoning is when the purpose, task, or goal for engaging in reasoning is to determine the patient's management plan. As the field's understanding of the process of therapeutic reasoning is less well understood, we focused on studies that collected data on the process of therapeutic reasoning. To synthesize previous studies of therapeutic reasoning characteristics, methodological approaches, theoretical underpinnings, and results. We conducted a scoping review with systematic searching for English language articles with no date limits. Databases included MEDLINE, CINAHL Plus, Scopus, Embase, Proquest Dissertations and Theses Global, and ERIC. Search terms captured therapeutic reasoning in health professions education research. Initial search yielded 5450 articles. The title and abstract screening yielded 180 articles. After full-text review, 87 studies were included in this review. Articles were excluded if they were outside health professions education, did not collect data on the process of therapeutic reasoning, were not empirical studies, or not focused on therapeutic reasoning. We analyzed the included articles according to scoping questions using qualitative content analysis. 87 articles dated from 1987 to 2019 were included. Several study designs were employed including think-aloud protocol, interview and written documentation. More than half of the articles analyzed the data using qualitative coding. Authors often utilized several middle-range theories to explain therapeutic reasoning processes. The hypothetico-deductive model was most frequently mentioned. The included articles rarely built off the results from previous studies. Six key result categories were found: identifying themes, characterizing and testing previous local theory, exploring factors, developing new local theory, testing tools, and testing hypothesis. Despite the cast body of therapeutic reasoning research, individual study results remain isolated from previous studies. Our future recommendations include synthesizing pre-existing models, developing novel methodologies, and investigating other aspects of therapeutic reasoning.

Background and Aims: Conventional microscopes and exoscopes currently play pivotal roles in the microsurgery or training of male infertility. However, they are expensive and unaffordable in low resource settings which limits training or application of advanced methods. The study aimed to introduce a new, low–cost exoscope system and evaluate its frugal innovation. Method: Using animal models, we evaluated a new frugal exoscope system (called DKTA) in experimental microsurgery of vas deferens repair. Five experts in male infertility surgery undertook an anonymous survey to elucidate their experience with DKTA system use. Three crucial criteria (i.e., substantial cost reduction, concentration on core functionalities, optimised performance level) were evaluated to determine whether the DKTA is effective as frugal innovation. The survey used a 5-point Likert scaling of responses to eight statements investigating surgical, ergonomic, and educational aspects. Results: The DKTA system, including an optical microscope and ultrahigh definition camera (4K), was an exoscope placed between 20–40 cm from the surgical field. It was held in position with a camera support arm on casters and connected to a 65-inches smart TV. DKTA system met the three crucial criteria of frugal innovation, including substantial cost reduction, concentration on core functionalities, and optimised performance level. Five male infertility microsurgeons reported positive evaluations of the DKTA system (use modal scores) when performing experimental vasovasostomy. Conclusions: DKTA system, a frugal innovation, has a valuable contribution to the training programme and performance of male infertility microsurgery in low–resource settings. Acknowledgements: We want to send special thanks to the Centre for Training and Scientific Research staff, Tam Anh General Hospital for their logistics support.

Acute edematous pancreatitis is a medical emergency characterized by a sudden pancreas inflammation. It can be caused by various factors, primarily gallstones, alcohol consumption, or medication. Acute edematous pancreatitis caused by Fasciola hepatica infection is exceptionally rare and could be overlooked. We report a case of a 24-year-old female patient who presented with onsets of clinical and paraclinical signs of acute pancreatitis (AP). The patient was diagnosed with Fasciola hepatica-induced edematous pancreatitis, a rare parasitic infection that can cause AP. This case highlights the importance of considering parasitic infections in the differential diagnosis of edematous pancreatitis, particularly in young patients with no significant medical history.

Background: Conventional microscopes and exoscopes currently play pivotal roles in the microsurgery or training for male infertility. However, they are expensive and unaffordable in low-resource settings, which limits training or application of advanced methods. Objectives: To introduce a new, low-cost exoscope system and to determine whether it is an effective frugal innovation. Methods: Using animal models, we evaluated a new frugal exoscope system named DKTA in experimental microsurgery of vas deferens repair. Five experts in male infertility surgery undertook an anonymous survey to elucidate their experience with DKTA system use. Three crucial criteria (i.e., substantial cost reduction, concentration on core functionalities, and optimized performance level) were evaluated to determine whether the DKTA is effective as frugal innovation. The survey used a 5-point Likert scale of responses to eight statements investigating surgical, ergonomic, and educational aspects. Results: The DKTA system, including an optical microscope and ultra-high-definition (UHD) camera (4K), was an exoscope placed between 20 and 40 cm from the surgical field. It was held in position with a camera support arm on casters and connected to a 65-in. smart TV. DKTA system met the three crucial criteria of frugal innovation. Five male infertility microsurgeons reported positive evaluations based on modal scores of the DKTA system when performing experimental vasovasostomy. Conclusions: DKTA system, a frugal innovation, has a valuable contribution to the training program and performance of male infertility microsurgery in low-resource settings.

Background: Upper gastrointestinal (GI) hemorrhage, caused by acute esophageal variceal bleeding, is a common complication and a leading cause of death in patients with cirrhosis. Therefore, predicting the risk in order to employ an active management to prevent rebleeding and death is crucial. Currently, there are many prognostic scoring systems that have been proposed, but research is needed to find a valid score which can be applied in clinical practice in each country and population. Aims: To compare the value of ALBI (Albumin-Bilirubin), PALBI (Platelet Albumin-Bilirubin), AIMS65, model for end-stage liver disease (MELD), and Child–Pugh scores (CPS) approaches in predicting early rebleeding and in-hospital mortality of acute variceal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis. Subjects and methods: We performed a cross-sectional descriptive study on cirrhotic patients with acute variceal bleeding who were being treated at the Department of Gastroenterology, Intensive care unit—Military Hospital 103 and the Institute for Treatment of Digestive Diseases—108 Military Central Hospital from September 2020 to May 2022. We calculated ALBI, PALBI, AIMS65, MELD, Child–Pugh values and compared them with the rates of early rebleeding and in-hospital mortality. Then, determined and compared the prognostic value through an analysis of the area under the curve (AUC). Results: 222 patients with acute esophageal variceal bleeding were eligible for inclusion in the study. The rates of rebleeding and in-hospital mortality were 9.0% and 6.8%, respectively. Regarding the prognosis of early rebleeding, the ALBI and PALBI scores have good prognostic value (AUROC 0.74; 95% CI: 0.63–0.85 and AUROC 0.7; 95% CI: 0.59–0.81; p = 0.004, respectively), while the Child–Pugh, MELD, AIMS65 scores have little prognostic value, with AUROC < 0.70. Regarding prognosis of in-hospital mortality: the ALBI, PALBI, MELD and AIMS65 all have good value in predicting in-hospital mortality, with AUROC of 0.81 (95% CI: 0.68–0.93, respectively; p < 0.001); 0.8 (95% CI: 0.69–0.91; p p < 0.001); and 0.82 (95% CI: 0.76–0.87, p < 0.001), respectively. While Child–Pugh score only has medium prognostic value, with AUROC 0.79 (95% CI: 0.66–0.92; p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference between these prognostic scoring systems. Conclusion: the ALBI, PALBI, MELD and AIMS65 scores all had similar good value in predicting in-hospital mortality, but with early rebleeding prognosis, only ALBI and PALBI had good value. CPS does not show prognostic value like other scores, both in predicting early rebleeding and in-hospital mortality.

Lotus and Green Tea leaves are two frequently used medicinal plants in Vietnam, utilized as food, drink, or in traditional treatments to help with weight loss and cholesterol reduction. The study’s major goal is to determine the parameters of the process preparation in order to generate instant tea powder that satisfies quality criteria for customer demand. Twenty experiments are conducted using the D-optimal model to evaluate the cause-effect relationship and optimize the production process of instant tea powder. Four independent variables are selected for the survey namely alcohol concentration (40%; 50%; 60%), carrier mass (10 g; 20 g; 30 g), inlet air temperature (160 °C; 170 °C) and flow rate (4 rpm/min; 5 rpm/min). The instant tea powder is effectively created and met quality parameters, with a drying performance, moisture content, total phenol and flavonoid content of 29.15%, 4.83%, 45.29 mg GA/g, and 70.68 mg QE/g, respectively. In conclusion, the optimal parameters of the preparation process were identified, which included an alcohol content of 60%, a carrier mass of 10 g, an inlet air temperature of 165 °C, and a flow rate of 4 rpm/min.

One of the main factors in the capacity of passive autocatalytic recombiners (PARs) is its productivity or the hydrogen removal rate. In this work it was demonstrated that regardless of the type of a recombiner, the hydrogen removal rate is mostly determined by the catalytic surface area and the molar density of hydrogen at the inlet. It means that the performance of a recombiner should obey geometric and physical scalability. Geometric scalability is characterized by the retention of the specific (per unit area of the catalytic surface) hydrogen removal rate with increasing the size of the recombiner by increasing the inlet section while maintaining the height and design of the catalytic unit. Physical scalability is characterized by maintaining the hydrogen removal rate of the recombiner at a constant input molar density of hydrogen in an air-hydrogen environment while simultaneously changing the input temperature and pressure. For a numerical demonstration of scalability, several calculations were performed with different initial hydrogen concentrations, external conditions and amounts of catalytic elements. It was shown that, regardless of the number of catalytic plates in the recombiner, the specific removal rate of hydrogen will remain unchanged and that under different external conditions (temperature, pressure), in case they correspond to the same inlet hydrogen density, the hydrogen removal rate does not change.