1,602 results on '"Dunn W"'
Search Results
2. X-ray Emissions from the Jovian System
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Dunn, W. R., Bambi, Cosimo, editor, and Santangelo, Andrea, editor
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- 2024
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3. Exploring Fundamental Particle Acceleration and Loss Processes in Heliophysics through an Orbiting X-ray Instrument in the Jovian System
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Dunn, W., Berland, G., Roussos, E., Clark, G., Kollmann, P., Turner, D., Feldman, C., Stallard, T., Branduardi-Raymont, G., Woodfield, E. E., Rae, I. J., Ray, L. C., Carter, J. A., Lindsay, S. T., Yao, Z., Marshall, R., A., A. N. Jaynes, Ezoe, Y., Numazawa, M., Hospodarsky, G. B., Wu, X., Weigt, D. M., Jackman, C. M., Mori, K., Nénon, Q., Desai, R. T, Blum, L. W., Nordheim, T. A., Ness, J. U., Bodewits, D., Kimura, T., Li, W., Smith, H. T., Millas, D., Wibisono, A. D., Achilleos, N., Koutroumpa, D., McEntee, S. C., Collier, H., Bhardwaj, A., Martindale, A., Wolk, S. J., Badman, S. V., and Kraft, R. P.
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Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics ,Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics ,Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,Physics - Space Physics - Abstract
Jupiter's magnetosphere is considered to be the most powerful particle accelerator in the Solar System, accelerating electrons from eV to 70 MeV and ions to GeV energies. How electromagnetic processes drive energy and particle flows, producing and removing energetic particles, is at the heart of Heliophysics. Particularly, the 2013 Decadal Strategy for Solar and Space Physics was to "Discover and characterize fundamental processes that occur both within the heliosphere and throughout the universe". The Jovian system offers an ideal natural laboratory to investigate all of the universal processes highlighted in the previous Decadal. The X-ray waveband has been widely used to remotely study plasma across astrophysical systems. The majority of astrophysical emissions can be grouped into 5 X-ray processes: fluorescence, thermal/coronal, scattering, charge exchange and particle acceleration. The Jovian system offers perhaps the only system that presents a rich catalog of all of these X-ray emission processes and can also be visited in-situ, affording the special possibility to directly link fundamental plasma processes with their resulting X-ray signatures. This offers invaluable ground-truths for astrophysical objects beyond the reach of in-situ exploration (e.g. brown dwarfs, magnetars or galaxy clusters that map the cosmos). Here, we show how coupling in-situ measurements with in-orbit X-ray observations of Jupiter's radiation belts, Galilean satellites, Io Torus, and atmosphere addresses fundamental heliophysics questions with wide-reaching impact across helio- and astrophysics. New developments like miniaturized X-ray optics and radiation-tolerant detectors, provide compact, lightweight, wide-field X-ray instruments perfectly suited to the Jupiter system, enabling this exciting new possibility., Comment: A White Paper for the 2024-2033 Solar and Space Physics (Heliophysics) Decadal Survey
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- 2023
4. Quantifying the dust in SN 2012aw and iPTF14hls with ORBYTS
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Niculescu-Duvaz, Maria, Barlow, M. J., Dunn, W., Bevan, A., Ahmed, Omar, Arkless, David, Barker, Jon, Bartolotta, Sidney, Brockway, Liam, Browne, Daniel, Esmail, Ubaid, Garner, Max, Guz, Wiktoria, King, Scarlett, Kose, Hayri, Lampstaes-Capes, Madeline, Magen, Joseph, Morrison, Nicole, Oo, Kyaw, Paik, Balvinder, Primrose, Joanne, Quick, Danny, Radeka, Anais, Rodney, Anthony, Sandeman, Eleanor, Sheikh, Fawad, Stansfield, Camron, Symister, Delayne, Taylor, Joshua, Wilshere, William, Wesson, R., De Looze, I., Clayton, G. C., Krafton, K., and Matsuura, M.
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Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics ,Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies ,Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena - Abstract
Core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) are potentially capable of producing large quantities of dust, with strong evidence that ejecta dust masses can grow significantly over extended periods of time. Red-blue asymmetries in the broad emission lines of CCSNe can be modelled using the Monte Carlo radiative transfer code DAMOCLES, to determine ejecta dust masses. To facilitate easier use of DAMOCLES, we present a Tkinter graphical user interface (GUI) running DAMOCLES. The GUI was tested by high school students as part of the Original Research By Young Twinkle Students (ORBYTS) programme, who used it to measure the dust masses formed at two epochs in two Type IIP CCSNe: SN 2012aw and iPTF14hls, demonstrating that a wide range of people can contribute significantly to scientific advancement. Bayesian methods were used to quantify uncertainties on our model parameters. From the presence of a red scattering wing in the day 1863 H$\alpha$ profile of SN 2012aw, we were able to constrain the dust composition to large (radius $>0.1 \mu$m) silicate grains, with a dust mass of $6.0^{+21.9}_{-3.6}\times10^{-4} M_\odot$. From the day 1158 H$\alpha$ profile of SN 2012aw, we found a dust mass of $3.0^{+14}_{-2.5}\times10^{-4}$ M$_\odot$. For iPTF14hls, we found a day 1170 dust mass of 8.1 $^{+81}_{-7.6}\times10^{-5}$ M$_{\odot}$ for a dust composition consisting of 50% amorphous carbon and 50% astronomical silicate. At 1000 days post explosion, SN 2012aw and iPTF14hls have formed less dust than SN 1987A, suggesting that SN 1987A could form larger dust masses than other Type IIP's., Comment: Accepted by MNRAS on 28/11/2022, 10 pages, 6 figures. Author accepted manuscript
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- 2022
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5. A Study of the Soft X-ray Emission Lines in NGC 4151 II. The Internal Plasma Properties
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Grafton-Waters, S. and Dunn, W.
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Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
We showcase a tool suite that enables the fitting of soft X-ray spectra in active galactic nuclei (AGN), without the need for specialist software, allowing access to AGN physics for school students. While these standardised Python tools were useful for measuring velocities (Note I), they offered significantly fewer capabilities for radiative recombination continua (RRC), and R and G ratios, utilised to obtain the internal plasma properties within the out owing wind seen in NGC 4151. Although further work is required for these tools to be used in outreach projects, we present findings of the plasma temperature and density in NGC 4151 spanning a 15 year period., Comment: 3 pages, 1 figure
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- 2021
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6. Jupiter's X-ray aurora during UV dawn storms and injections as observed by XMM-Newton, Hubble, and Hisaki
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Wibisono, A. D., Branduardi-Raymont, G., Dunn, W. R., Kimura, T., Coates, A. J., Grodent, D., Yao, Z. H., Kita, H., Rodriguez, P., Gladstone, G. R., Bonfond, B., and Haythornthwaite, R. P.
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Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics ,Physics - Space Physics - Abstract
We present results from a multiwavelength observation of Jupiter's northern aurorae, carried out simultaneously by XMM-Newton, the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), and the Hisaki satellite in September 2019. HST images captured dawn storms and injection events in the far ultraviolet aurora several times during the observation period. Magnetic reconnection occurring in the middle magnetosphere caused by internal drivers is thought to start the production of those features. The field lines then dipolarize which injects hot magnetospheric plasma from the reconnection site to enter the inner magnetosphere. Hisaki observed an impulsive brightening in the dawnside Io plasma torus (IPT) during the final appearance of the dawn storms and injection events which is evidence that a large-scale plasma injection penetrated the central IPT between 6-9 RJ (Jupiter radii). The extreme ultraviolet aurora brightened and XMM-Newton detected an increase in the hard X-ray aurora count rate, suggesting an increase in electron precipitation. The dawn storms and injections did not change the brightness of the soft X-ray aurora and they did not "switch-on" its commonly observed quasi-periodic pulsations. Spectral analysis of the X-ray aurora suggests that the precipitating ions responsible for the soft X-ray aurora were iogenic and that a powerlaw continuum was needed to fit the hard X-ray part of the spectra. The spectra coincident with the dawn storms and injections required two powerlaw continua to get good fits., Comment: 14 pages, 7 figures in main text, 6 figures in the appendices. Accepted in MNRAS 28 July 2021
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- 2021
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7. A Study of the Soft X-ray Emission Lines in NGC 4151 I. Kinematic Properties of the Plasma Wind
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Grafton-Waters, S., Ahmed, M., Henson, S., Hinds-Williams, F., Ivanova, B, Marshall, E., Udueni, H., Theodorakis, D., and Dunn, W.
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Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
We present our analysis of the narrow emission lines produced in the plasma regions within the bright active galactic nucleus of NGC 4151, from an ORBYTS research-with-schools public engagement project. Our goal was to test whether the properties of these plasma regions changed between XMM- Newton observations spanning 15 years from 2000 to 2015, by measuring the outflow velocities and distances. From this study, we found that NGC 4151 has at least two to three plasma regions. There is no evidence of the outflowing wind properties changing as the velocities and distances are consistent throughout the observations., Comment: 1 Figure
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- 2021
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8. Searching for Saturn's X-rays during a rare Jupiter Magnetotail Crossing using Chandra
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Weigt, D. M., Dunn, W. R., Jackman, C. M., Kraft, R., Branduardi-Raymont, G., Nichols, J. D., Wibisono, A. D., Vogt, M. F., and Gladstone, G. R.
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Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics ,Physics - Space Physics - Abstract
Every 19 years, Saturn passes through Jupiter's 'flapping' magnetotail. Here, we report Chandra X-ray observations of Saturn planned to coincide with this rare planetary alignment and to analyse Saturn's magnetospheric response when transitioning to this unique parameter space. We analyse three Director's Discretionary Time (DDT) observations from the High Resolution Camera (HRC-I) on-board Chandra, taken on November 19, 21 and 23 2020 with the aim to find auroral and/or disk emissions. We infer the conditions in the kronian system by looking at coincident soft X-ray solar flux data from the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) and Hubble Space Telescope (HST) observations of Saturn's ultraviolet (UV) auroral emissions. The large Saturn-Sun-Earth angle during this time would mean that most flares from the Earth-facing side of the Sun would not have impacted Saturn. We find no significant detection of Saturn's disk or auroral emissions in any of our observations. We calculate the 3$\sigma$ upper band energy flux of Saturn during this time to be 0.9 - 3.04 $\times$ 10$^{14}$ erg cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ which agrees with fluxes found from previous modelled spectra of the disk emissions. We conclude by discussing the implications of this non-detection and how it is imperative that the next fleet of X-ray telescope (such as Athena and the Lynx mission concept) continue to observe Saturn with their improved spatial and spectral resolution and very enhanced sensitivity to help us finally solve the mysteries behind Saturn's apparently elusive X-ray aurora., Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
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- 2021
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9. Risk of Bowel Obstruction in Patients Undergoing Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for High-risk Colon Cancer: A Nested Case-control Matched Analysis of an International, Multi-centre, Randomised Controlled Trial (FOxTROT)
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Glasbey, James, Glasbey, James, Beggs, Andrew, Glimelius, Bengt, Gray, Richard, Handley, Kelly, Laurberg, Søren, Magill, Laura, Murakami, Keigo, Palmer, Andy, Quirke, Philip, Seligman, Jenny, Seymour, Matt, Sinha, Yash, West, Nick, Morton, Dion, Glasbey, James, Handley, Kelly, Palmer, Andy, Morton, Dion, Crosby, T., Olliff, J., Peto (Chair), R., Brown, Gina, Ferry, David, Glimelius, Bengt, Gray, Richard, Handley, Kelly, Ismail, Tariq, Laurberg, Søren, Magill, Laura, Morton, Dion, Oliver, Alf, Quirke, Phil, Seymour, Matt, Scott, Nigel, Seligman, Jenny, Swift, Ian, Warren, Bryan, West, Nick, Northover, J., Parmar (Chair), M., Slevin, M., Magill, Laura, Gray, Richard, Handley, Kelly, Wilcockson, Adrian, Gray, Zoe, Lancaster, Dominic, Brown, James, Palmer, Andrew, Adie, Ladan, Kennedy, Georgia, Eld, M., Holt, G., Yilmaz, M., Spendler, K. Garm, Hansen, F., Laurberg, S., Rosenkilde, M., Ahlstrom, H., Glimelius, B., Abgamu, D., Day, N., Walsh, C., Bannister, J., Furniss, D., Morgan, S., Walkington, L., Yates, S., Branagan, G., Mustajab, A., O’Neil, H., Rees, C., Geh, I., Hendrickse, C., Langman, G., Pallan, A., Conn, A., Lowe, A., Ostrowski, J., Steward, M., Callaway, M., Falk, S., Thomas, M., Wong, N., Cast, J., Hartley, J., Roy, R., Tiam, R., Blunt, D., Cleator, S., Dawson, P., Goldin, R., Gujral, D., Lowdell, C., Ziprin, P., Clenton, S., Dewdney, A., Euinton, H., Furniss, D., Gupta, R., Tarapowewalla, D., Wilshaw, V., Braun, M., Chakrabarty, B., Hill, J., Laasch, H., Saunders, M., Cruickshank, N., Davies, M., Muzaffar, S., Orme, A., Punia, P., Rea, D., Campbell, F., Hughes, M., Palmer, D., Rooney, P., Abbott, G., Hamid, B., Vimalachandran, D., Berry, J., Hinson, F., Maarouf, Z., Nicoll, J., Adams, C., Denson, J., Jackson, S., Sherriff, D., Kweka, E., McAdam, G., Peters, M., Roy, R., Khaira, M., Kurien, G., Robinson, J., Wadsley, J., White, D., Young, R., Dega, R., Lamparelli, M., Orbell, J., Osborne, R., Taylor, P., Thomas, T., Gopalakrishnan, K., Jadhav, V., Scott-Brown, M., Baijal, S., Chapman, M., Glaholm, J., Nelson, C., Singh, R., Harrison, J., Last, K., Scott, D., Scullion, D., Lind, P., Milosavljevic, Z., Dent, J., Ilsley, D., Littleford, S., Roberts, C., Crabtree, M., Orrell, J., Sherwin, E., Smith, S., Soomal, R., Braun, M., De, A., Khan, A., Khan, U., Lavin, V., McBain, C., Radharkrishna, G., Sil, R., Weerasinghe, S., Hill, J., Lee, S., Wright, P., Church, R., Holland, C., Kunene, V., Thompson, A., Glynne-Jones, R., Goh, V., Livingstone, J., Richman, P., Barlow, C., Burn, P., Geraghty, J., Walther, J., Grumett, S., Mangalika, S., Qaiyum, M., Williams, G., Borgstein, R., Bridgewater, J., Melville, D., Rees, J., Coxon, F., Hainsworth, P., Needham, S., Scott, J., Asmussen, J., Hansen, T., Jensen, K., Pfeiffer, P., Alkhaldi, A., Brittenden, J., Jackson, A., Kamposioras, K., Kumaran, G., Macklin, C., Alexander, J., Harle, A., Hickish, T., Talbot, R., Tarver, D., Bridgewater, J., Partridge, W., Sundaresan, V., Vivekanandan, S., Agrawal, N., Higginson, A., Muthuramalingam, S., O’Leary, D., Devarajan, G., Gulati, M., Kerwat, R., Maisey, N., Mikhaeel, G., Ismail, T., Middleton, G., Page, A., Steven, N., Taniere, P., Gutmann, J., Huang, J., Raouf, S., Dunn, W., Escola, C. Lopez, Potter, V., Scholefield, J., Walker, G., Zaitoun, A., Eason, D., McPhail, N., Mmeka, W., Stenhouse, G., Watson, A., Fozard, B., Hickish, T., Snape, S., Ellis, R., Faux, W., Jenkins, R., Maskell, G., Kulkarni, R., Lund, J., Menon, S., Singh, R., Chandler, I., Daniels, I., Harries, S., Osborne, M., Bell, J., Krell, D., Mayer, A., Ogunbiyi, O., Watkins, J., Bronder, C., Eaton, D., Taylor, A., Brown, G., Cunningham, D., Tekkis, P., Wotherspoon, A., Dobson, M., Mitchell, P., Pitt, M., Scott, N., Susnerwala, S., Adab, F., Britton, I., Ghiridaran, S., Howitt, C., Kirby, R., Biddlestone, L., Dalton, S., De Winton, E., Phillips, A., Ferry, D., Grumett, S., Kawesha, A., Maleki, K., Momtahan, N., Burnett, H., Hayes, S., Soop, M., Branagan, G., Cook, I., Cook, S., Iveson, T., Shablak, A., Coup, A., Hamid, A., Moore, P., O’Toole, L., Pai, D., Bateman, A., Bateman, A., Blaquiere, R., Nichols, P., Chappell, M., Dworkin, M., Jain, S., Tsang, D., Hopkins, K., Loveday, E., Lyons, A., Rooney, N., Ali, N., Chatterjee, M., Chiphang, A., Dundas, S., Myint, A. Sun, Zeiderman, M., Beharry, N., Chong, H., Lofts, F., Melville, D., Finan, P., Seymour, M., Tolan, D., West, N., Anyamene, N., Burling, D., Kennedy, R., Moorghen, M., Agrawal, S., Hasan, J., Mehta, S., Saeed, M., Burgess, P., John, L., Lowndes, S., Planner, A., Campbell, F., Hughes, M., Rooney, P., Smith, D., Hochhauser, D., Obichere, A., Rodriguez-Justo, M., Shiu, K., Taylor, S., Correa, P., James, S., Shatwell, W., Williams, N., Brady, J., Lanaspre, E., Mikhaeel, G., Ahmad, M., Gill, T., Wilson, D., Adams, R., Beehen, R., Morgan, M., Lindh, B., Adams, R., Morgan, M., Ford, A., Gopal, K., Pranesh, N., Shareef, D., Tighe, M., Busby, K., Correa, P., Sanders, S., Sinha, R., Ahmad, R., Desai, S., Ramesh, S., Hilman, S., Lott, M., O’Brien, J., Radstone, D., West, D., Amin, S., Hampton, J., Hornbuckle, J., Kitsanta, P., Ali, M., Desai, A., Hadaki, M., Hall, M., Arul, D., Hochhauser, D., Leonard, P., Mukhtar, H., Murray, D., Baxter, A., Churn, M., Farrugia, D., Lake, S., Smith, G., Bansal, A., Chandran, P., Corr, C., Gollins, S., Davenport, A., Saunders, M., Sukumar, S., Bathurst, N., Beaumont, E., Cooper, E., Francis, N., Sephton, M., Sparrow, G., Clarke, A., Haselden, J., Last, K., Woodcock, N., Atkinson, M., Gollins, S., Gupta, M., Maw, A., Abdullah, N., Bale, C., and Lord, M.
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- 2023
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10. Auroral diagnosis of solar wind interaction with Jupiter's magnetosphere
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Yao, Z. H., Bonfond, B., Grodent, D., Chané, E., Dunn, W. R., Kurth, W. S., Connerney, J. E. P., Nichols, J. D., Palmaerts, B., Guo, R. L., Hospodarsky, G. B., Mauk, B. H., Kimura, T., and Bolton, S. J.
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Physics - Space Physics ,Physics - Plasma Physics - Abstract
Although mass and energy in Jupiter's magnetosphere mostly come from the innermost Galilean moon Io's volcanic activities, solar wind perturbations can play crucial roles in releasing the magnetospheric energy and powering aurorae in Jupiter's polar regions. The systematic response of aurora to solar wind compression remains poorly understood. Here we report the analysis of a set of auroral images with contemporaneous in situ magnetopause detections. We distinguish two types of auroral enhancements: a transient localized one and a long-lasting global one. We show that only the latter systematically appears under a compressed magnetopause, while the localized auroral expansion could occur during an expanded magnetopause. Moreover, we directly examine previous theories on how solar wind compressions enhance auroral emissions. Our results demonstrate that auroral morphologies can be diagnostic of solar wind conditions at planets when in situ measurements are not possible.
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- 2020
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11. RNA-seq analyses of blood-induced changes in gene expression in the mosquito vector species, Aedes aegypti
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Olson Ken E, Campbell Corey L, Dunn W, Bonizzoni Mariangela, Dimon Michelle T, Marinotti Osvaldo, and James Anthony A
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Biotechnology ,TP248.13-248.65 ,Genetics ,QH426-470 - Abstract
Abstract Background Hematophagy is a common trait of insect vectors of disease. Extensive genome-wide transcriptional changes occur in mosquitoes after blood meals, and these are related to digestive and reproductive processes, among others. Studies of these changes are expected to reveal molecular targets for novel vector control and pathogen transmission-blocking strategies. The mosquito Aedes aegypti (Diptera, Culicidae), a vector of Dengue viruses, Yellow Fever Virus (YFV) and Chikungunya virus (CV), is the subject of this study to look at genome-wide changes in gene expression following a blood meal. Results Transcriptional changes that follow a blood meal in Ae. aegypti females were explored using RNA-seq technology. Over 30% of more than 18,000 investigated transcripts accumulate differentially in mosquitoes at five hours after a blood meal when compared to those fed only on sugar. Forty transcripts accumulate only in blood-fed mosquitoes. The list of regulated transcripts correlates with an enhancement of digestive activity and a suppression of environmental stimuli perception and innate immunity. The alignment of more than 65 million high-quality short reads to the Ae. aegypti reference genome permitted the refinement of the current annotation of transcript boundaries, as well as the discovery of novel transcripts, exons and splicing variants. Cis-regulatory elements (CRE) and cis-regulatory modules (CRM) enriched significantly at the 5'end flanking sequences of blood meal-regulated genes were identified. Conclusions This study provides the first global view of the changes in transcript accumulation elicited by a blood meal in Ae. aegypti females. This information permitted the identification of classes of potentially co-regulated genes and a description of biochemical and physiological events that occur immediately after blood feeding. The data presented here serve as a basis for novel vector control and pathogen transmission-blocking strategies including those in which the vectors are modified genetically to express anti-pathogen effector molecules.
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- 2011
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12. Annotation and analysis of a large cuticular protein family with the R&R Consensus in Anopheles gambiae
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He Ningjia, Dunn W Augustine, Togawa Toru, Cornman R Scott, Emmons Aaron C, and Willis Judith H
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Biotechnology ,TP248.13-248.65 ,Genetics ,QH426-470 - Abstract
Abstract Background The most abundant family of insect cuticular proteins, the CPR family, is recognized by the R&R Consensus, a domain of about 64 amino acids that binds to chitin and is present throughout arthropods. Several species have now been shown to have more than 100 CPR genes, inviting speculation as to the functional importance of this large number and diversity. Results We have identified 156 genes in Anopheles gambiae that code for putative cuticular proteins in this CPR family, over 1% of the total number of predicted genes in this species. Annotation was verified using several criteria including identification of TATA boxes, INRs, and DPEs plus support from proteomic and gene expression analyses. Two previously recognized CPR classes, RR-1 and RR-2, form separate, well-supported clades with the exception of a small set of genes with long branches whose relationships are poorly resolved. Several of these outliers have clear orthologs in other species. Although both clades are under purifying selection, the RR-1 variant of the R&R Consensus is evolving at twice the rate of the RR-2 variant and is structurally more labile. In contrast, the regions flanking the R&R Consensus have diversified in amino-acid composition to a much greater extent in RR-2 genes compared with RR-1 genes. Many genes are found in compact tandem arrays that may include similar or dissimilar genes but always include just one of the two classes. Tandem arrays of RR-2 genes frequently contain subsets of genes coding for highly similar proteins (sequence clusters). Properties of the proteins indicated that each cluster may serve a distinct function in the cuticle. Conclusion The complete annotation of this large gene family provides insight on the mechanisms of gene family evolution and clues about the need for so many CPR genes. These data also should assist annotation of other Anopheles genes.
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- 2008
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13. X-Ray Emissions from the Ice Giants and Kuiper Belt
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Dunn, W. R., primary
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- 2022
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14. On the Global Features of the 10–60‐Min ULF Waves in Jovian Magnetosphere: Juno Observations
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Sun, J. W., primary, Xie, L., additional, Yao, Z. H., additional, Fu, S. Y., additional, Dunn, W. R., additional, Grodent, D., additional, Bonfond, B., additional, Zhang, B., additional, Pan, D. X., additional, Xu, Y., additional, and Chen, Y. N., additional
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- 2024
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15. Corotating Magnetic Reconnection Site in Saturn's Magnetosphere
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Yao, Zhonghua, Coates, A. J., Ray, L. C., Rae, I. J., Grodent, D., Jones, G. H., Dougherty, M. K., Owen, C. J., Guo, R. L., Dunn, W., Radioti, A., Pu, Z. Y., Lewis, G. R., Waite, J. H., and Gerard, J. -C.
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Physics - Space Physics - Abstract
Using measurements from the Cassini spacecraft in Saturn's magnetosphere, we propose a 3D physical picture of a corotating reconnection site, which can only be driven by an internally generated source. Our results demonstrate that the corotating magnetic reconnection can drive an expansion of the current sheet in Saturn's magnetosphere and, consequently, can produce Fermi acceleration of electrons. This reconnection site lasted for longer than one of Saturn's rotation period. The long-lasting and corotating natures of the magnetic reconnection site at Saturn suggest fundamentally different roles of magnetic reconnection in driving magnetospheric dynamics (e.g., the auroral precipitation) from the Earth. Our corotating reconnection picture could also potentially shed light on the fast rotating magnetized plasma environments in the solar system and beyond., Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures
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- 2017
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16. In situ evidence of the magnetospheric cusp of Jupiter from Juno spacecraft measurements.
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Xu, Y., Arridge, C. S., Yao, Z. H., Zhang, B., Ray, L. C., Badman, S. V., Dunn, W. R., Ebert, R. W., Chen, J. J., Allegrini, F., Kurth, W. S., Qin, T. S., Connerney, J. E. P., McComas, D. J., Bolton, S. J., and Wei, Y.
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JUNO (Space probe) ,INTERPLANETARY magnetic fields ,JUPITER (Planet) ,LEGAL evidence ,ROTATION of the earth ,HELIOSPHERE - Abstract
The magnetospheric cusp connects the planetary magnetic field to interplanetary space, offering opportunities for charged particles to precipitate to or escape from the planet. Terrestrial cusps are typically found near noon local time, but the characteristics of the Jovian cusp are unknown. Here we show direct evidence of Jovian cusps using datasets from multiple instruments onboard Juno spacecraft. We find that the cusps of Jupiter are in the dusk sector, which is contradicting Earth-based predictions of a near-noon location. Nevertheless, the characteristics of charged particles in the Jovian cusps resemble terrestrial and Saturnian cusps, implying similar cusp microphysics exist across different planets. These results demonstrate that while the basic physical processes may operate similarly to those at Earth, Jupiter's rapid rotation and its location in the heliosphere can dramatically change the configuration of the cusp. This work provides useful insights into the fundamental consequences of star-planet interactions, highlighting how planetary environments and rotational dynamics influence magnetospheric structures. Jovian cusps are not well-known due to limited observations. Here, the authors show that the characteristics of charged particles in the Jovian cusps are similar to those of the Earth and Saturn cusps, and Jupiter's polar cusp is located in the dusk-side sector, contradicting Earth-based predictions of a near-noon location. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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17. X-Ray Emissions from the Jovian System
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Dunn, W. R., primary
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- 2022
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18. Profiling SARS-CoV-2 HLA-I peptidome reveals T cell epitopes from out-of-frame ORFs
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Lavin-Parsons, Kendall, Parry, Blair, Lilley, Brendan, Lodenstein, Carl, McKaig, Brenna, Charland, Nicole, Khanna, Hargun, Margolin, Justin, Gonye, Anna, Gushterova, Irena, Lasalle, Tom, Sharma, Nihaarika, Russo, Brian C., Rojas-Lopez, Maricarmen, Sade-Feldman, Moshe, Manakongtreecheep, Kasidet, Tantivit, Jessica, Fisher Thomas, Molly, Weingarten-Gabbay, Shira, Klaeger, Susan, Sarkizova, Siranush, Pearlman, Leah R., Chen, Da-Yuan, Gallagher, Kathleen M.E., Bauer, Matthew R., Taylor, Hannah B., Dunn, W. Augustine, Tarr, Christina, Sidney, John, Rachimi, Suzanna, Conway, Hasahn L., Katsis, Katelin, Wang, Yuntong, Leistritz-Edwards, Del, Durkin, Melissa R., Tomkins-Tinch, Christopher H., Finkel, Yaara, Nachshon, Aharon, Gentili, Matteo, Rivera, Keith D., Carulli, Isabel P., Chea, Vipheaviny A., Chandrashekar, Abishek, Bozkus, Cansu Cimen, Carrington, Mary, Bhardwaj, Nina, Barouch, Dan H., Sette, Alessandro, Maus, Marcela V., Rice, Charles M., Clauser, Karl R., Keskin, Derin B., Pregibon, Daniel C., Hacohen, Nir, Carr, Steven A., Abelin, Jennifer G., Saeed, Mohsan, and Sabeti, Pardis C.
- Published
- 2021
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19. A Survey of Magnetic Field Line Curvature in Jovian Dawn Magnetodisc
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Gu, W. D., primary, Yao, Z. H., additional, Wei, Y., additional, Qin, T. S., additional, Zhang, B. Z., additional, Xu, Y., additional, Dunn, W. R., additional, Delamere, P. A., additional, and Chen, Y. N., additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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20. Identifying the Variety of Jovian X‐Ray Auroral Structures: Tying the Morphology of X‐Ray Emissions to Associated Magnetospheric Dynamics
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Weigt, D. M., primary, Jackman, C. M., additional, Moral Pombo, D., additional, Badman, S. V., additional, Louis, C. K., additional, Dunn, W. R., additional, McEntee, S. C., additional, Branduardi‐Raymont, G., additional, Grodent, D., additional, Vogt, M. F., additional, Tao, C., additional, Gladstone, G. R., additional, Kraft, R. P., additional, Kurth, W. S., additional, and Connerney, J. E. P., additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. A Survey of Magnetic Field Line Curvature in Jovian Dawn Magnetodisc.
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Gu, W. D., Yao, Z. H., Wei, Y., Qin, T. S., Zhang, B. Z., Xu, Y., Dunn, W. R., Delamere, P. A., and Chen, Y. N.
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MAGNETIC fields ,SOLAR magnetic fields ,SOLAR wind ,LARMOR radius ,PLANETARY rotation ,CURVATURE - Abstract
The Jovian magnetosphere is highly dynamic, influenced by both solar wind and internal processes associated with the rapid planetary rotation and Io's volcanic activities. Accompanying the mass and energy circulations driven by the magnetospheric dynamics, the magnetic configuration also changes dramatically. One of the crucial parameters to characterize the magnetic configuration is magnetic field line curvature (FLC), which generally describes how stretched the field line is. The curvature is pivotal to influence particle behaviors, for example, pitch angle scattering which may lead to auroral particle precipitation. In this work, a method is proposed to investigate the real‐time magnetic FLC in Jovian current sheet using the magnetic field data from the Juno spacecraft. The results indicate that the FLC scattering of ions and relativistic electrons are common in Jovian magnetosphere, providing a crucial insight to understand the particle behaviors. Plain Language Summary: Both the Earth and the Jupiter have intrinsic magnetic field. When the planetary magnetic field interacts with the solar wind, a region called magnetosphere is formed. Particle behaviors in different planetary systems are different, due to the different magnetospheric dynamics. The curvature of magnetic field, describing the stretch level of a magnetic field line, is a basic parameter to describe a planetary space system, and it can significantly influence particle behaviors, for example, to scatter the magnetospheric particles to planetary atmosphere, causing auroral emissions. In this work, we proposed a method to calculate the magnetic field line curvature (FLC) near the equatorial plane inside the Jupiter's magnetosphere using Juno data set, for the first time to provide a global picture on the magnetic FLC. By comparing with the radius of particles' gyration motions, we suggest that ions and electrons can be strongly scattered by the magnetic FLC. We believe that the results in this study provide useful information on the different particle behaviors between the terrestrial system and the Jovian system. Key Points: We proposed a method to investigate the magnetic field line curvature (FLC) in Jupiter's current sheet using data from Juno data set50 events are selected by specific criteria. The magnetic FLC and different particles' Larmor radius are investigatedThe FLC will scatter ions and relativistic electrons as a potential cause of auroral precipitation [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. A Possible Picture for the Connected Recurrent Magnetic Dipolarization, Quasi‐periodic ENA enhancement, SKR low frequency extension and Narrowband Emission at Saturn
- Author
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Xu, Y., primary, Yao, Z. H., additional, Ye, S.‐Y., additional, Badman, S. V., additional, Dialynas, K., additional, Sergis, N., additional, Ray, L. C., additional, Guo, R. L., additional, Pan, D. X., additional, Dunn, W. R., additional, Zhang, B., additional, Bader, A., additional, Kinrade, J., additional, Wu, Siyuan, additional, Coates, A. J., additional, Mitchell, D. G., additional, and Wei, Y., additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Jupiter’s radiation belts as a target for NASA’s Heliophysics Division
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Kollmann, P., primary, Allanson, O., additional, Arruda, L., additional, Berland, G., additional, Blum, L. W., additional, Bortnik, J., additional, Cao, X., additional, Chen, T. Y., additional, Clark, G., additional, Cohen, I., additional, Cooper, J. F., additional, Crary, F., additional, Desai, R. T., additional, Dialynas, K., additional, Drozdov, A., additional, Dudnik, O. V., additional, Dunn, W. R., additional, Hospodarsky, G. B., additional, Huybrighs, H., additional, Jackman, C. M., additional, Jaynes, A. N., additional, Jun, I., additional, Khurana, K. K., additional, Kraft, R., additional, Kronberg, E. A., additional, Lejosne, S., additional, Li, W., additional, Li, X., additional, Liuzzo, L., additional, Ma, Q., additional, Marshall, R., additional, Mauk, B., additional, Nénon, Q., additional, Nordheim, T. A., additional, Paranicas, C., additional, Plainaki, C. C., additional, Regoli, L. H., additional, Roussos, E., additional, Shprits, Y., additional, Siecard, A., additional, Simon, S., additional, Smith, H. T., additional, Sorathia, K., additional, Spence, H. E., additional, Sulaiman, A., additional, Sun, Y., additional, Tu, W., additional, Turner, D. L., additional, Usanova, M. E., additional, Williams, P., additional, Woodfield, E. E., additional, Wu, X., additional, and Yuan, C.-J., additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. On the Relation Between Jupiter's Aurora and the Dawnside Current Sheet
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Xu, Y., primary, Yao, Z. H., additional, Zhang, B., additional, Delamere, P. A., additional, Ray, L. C., additional, Dunn, W. R., additional, Badman, S. V., additional, Feng, E. H., additional, Zheng, Z. Q., additional, Bolton, S. J., additional, Grodent, D., additional, Bonfond, B., additional, and Wei, Y., additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. A brightening of Jupiter’s auroral 7.8-μm CH4 emission during a solar-wind compression
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Sinclair, J. A., Orton, G. S., Fernandes, J., Kasaba, Y., Sato, T. M., Fujiyoshi, T., Tao, C., Vogt, M. F., Grodent, D., Bonfond, B., Moses, J. I., Greathouse, T. K., Dunn, W., Giles, R. S., Tabataba-Vakili, F., Fletcher, L. N., and Irwin, P. G. J.
- Published
- 2019
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26. Complex Modulation of the Aedes aegypti Transcriptome in Response to Dengue Virus Infection
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Bonizzoni, Mariangela, Dunn, W. Augustine, Campbell, Corey L, Olson, Ken E, Marinotti, Osvaldo, James, Anthony A, and Moreira, Luciano A
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midgut serine proteases ,yellow-fever mosquito ,vector competence ,rna interference ,gene-regulation ,salivary-gland ,transmission ,drosophila ,expression ,sequence - Published
- 2012
27. Strain Variation in the Transcriptome of the Dengue Fever Vector, Aedes aegypti
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Bonizzoni, M., Dunn, W. A, Campbell, C. L, Olson, K. E, Marinotti, O., James, A. A, and Kulathinal, R.
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Aedes aegypti ,strain variation ,bloodmeal ,RNA-seqquantitative trait loci ,rna interference ,diptera-culicidae ,blood meal ,peritrophic membrane ,gene-expression ,virus-infection ,mosquito ,midgut ,evolutionary - Published
- 2012
28. RNA-seq analyses of blood-induced changes in gene expression in the mosquito vector species, Aedes aegypti
- Author
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Bonizzoni, Mariangela, Dunn, W Augustine, Campbell, Corey L, Olson, Ken E, Dimon, Michelle T, Marinotti, Osvaldo, and James, Anthony A
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innate immune-response ,anopheles-gambiae ,disease-vector ,borne diseases ,yellow-fever ,genome ,discovery ,dengue ,susceptibility ,identification - Abstract
BackgroundHematophagy is a common trait of insect vectors of disease. Extensive genome-wide transcriptional changes occur in mosquitoes after blood meals, and these are related to digestive and reproductive processes, among others. Studies of these changes are expected to reveal molecular targets for novel vector control and pathogen transmission-blocking strategies. The mosquito Aedes aegypti (Diptera, Culicidae), a vector of Dengue viruses, Yellow Fever Virus (YFV) and Chikungunya virus (CV), is the subject of this study to look at genome-wide changes in gene expression following a blood meal.ResultsTranscriptional changes that follow a blood meal in Ae. aegypti females were explored using RNA-seq technology. Over 30% of more than 18,000 investigated transcripts accumulate differentially in mosquitoes at five hours after a blood meal when compared to those fed only on sugar. Forty transcripts accumulate only in blood-fed mosquitoes. The list of regulated transcripts correlates with an enhancement of digestive activity and a suppression of environmental stimuli perception and innate immunity. The alignment of more than 65 million high-quality short reads to the Ae. aegypti reference genome permitted the refinement of the current annotation of transcript boundaries, as well as the discovery of novel transcripts, exons and splicing variants. Cis-regulatory elements (CRE) and cis-regulatory modules (CRM) enriched significantly at the 5'end flanking sequences of blood meal-regulated genes were identified.ConclusionsThis study provides the first global view of the changes in transcript accumulation elicited by a blood meal in Ae. aegypti females. This information permitted the identification of classes of potentially co-regulated genes and a description of biochemical and physiological events that occur immediately after blood feeding. The data presented here serve as a basis for novel vector control and pathogen transmission-blocking strategies including those in which the vectors are modified genetically to express anti-pathogen effector molecules.
- Published
- 2011
29. Note from Lt. Commander W. M. Dunn, Ministry of Transport, to P. Holden, re: Two Passes Forwarded as Requested, June 18, 1948
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Dunn, W. M., author and Dunn, W. M., author
30. Long Exposure Chandra X‐Ray Observation of Jupiter's Auroral Emissions During Juno Plasmasheet Encounters in September 2021.
- Author
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McEntee, S. C., Jackman, C. M., Weigt, D. M., Louis, C. K., Dunn, W. R., Boudouma, A., Connerney, J. E. P., Kurth, W. S., Kraft, R., Branduardi‐Raymont, G., Gladstone, G. R., and Rutala, M. J.
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AURORAS ,SOLAR wind ,JUPITER (Planet) ,MAGNETIC fields ,WAVELET transforms ,MAGNETOSPHERE - Abstract
On 15 September 2021, Chandra carried out a 40‐hr (∼4 jovian rotations) observation as part of its longest planetary campaign to study the drivers of jovian X‐ray aurora that may be linked to ultra‐low frequency (ULF) wave activity. During this time, Juno's orbit had taken the spacecraft into Jupiter's dusk magnetosphere. Here is believed to be the most probable location of ULF waves propagating along jovian magnetic field lines that drive the X‐ray auroral emissions. This is the first time that this region has been observed by an orbiter since Galileo >20 years ago, and never before has there been contemporaneous in situ and X‐ray observations. A 1D solar wind propagation model identifies a compression event near the midpoint of the 40‐hr observation window. The influence of a compression is confirmed when comparing the measured magnetic field in the dusk lobes of the magnetotail from Juno MAG data against a baseline lobe field model. Data from the Juno Waves instrument also show activation of broadband kilometric (bKOM) emissions during the arrival of the shock, a feature that has previously been observed during compression events. Therefore this is the first time we can fully analyze the morphological variability during the evolution of a shock. Wavelet transforms and Rayleigh testing are used to search for statistically significant quasi‐periodic pulsations (QPPs) of the X‐ray emissions in the data set, and find significant QPPs with periods of 25–26 min for the northern auroral X‐rays. Key Points: We compare a 40‐hr Chandra observation of Jupiter's X‐ray aurora with in situ Juno measurements and a 1‐D solar wind propagation modelWe find statistically significant quasi‐periodic pulsation with a ∼25 min period likely linked to the arrival of a solar wind compressionUsing Juno MAG data form the dusk tail lobes, we infer the state of compression/loading of the magnetosphere [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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31. Rotationally driven magnetic reconnection in Saturn’s dayside
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Guo, R. L., Yao, Z. H., Wei, Y., Ray, L. C., Rae, I. J., Arridge, C. S., Coates, A. J., Delamere, P. A., Sergis, N., Kollmann, P., Grodent, D., Dunn, W. R., Waite, J. H., Burch, J. L., Pu, Z. Y., Palmaerts, B., and Dougherty, M. K.
- Published
- 2018
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32. Jupiter’s equatorial X-ray emissions over two solar cycles
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Wibisono, A D, primary, Branduardi-Raymont, G, additional, Coates, A J, additional, Dunn, W R, additional, and French, R J, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Hourly Periodic Variations of Ultralow‐Frequency (ULF) Waves in Jupiter's Magnetosheath
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Gu, W. D., primary, Yao, Z. H., additional, Pan, D. X., additional, Xu, Y., additional, Zhang, B., additional, Delamere, P. A., additional, Fu, S. Y., additional, Xie, L., additional, Ye, S. Y., additional, Chen, Y. N., additional, Dunn, W. R., additional, and Wei, Y., additional
- Published
- 2023
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- View/download PDF
34. The independent pulsations of Jupiter’s northern and southern X-ray auroras
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Dunn, W. R., Branduardi-Raymont, G., Ray, L. C., Jackman, C. M., Kraft, R. P., Elsner, R. F., Rae, I. J., Yao, Z., Vogt, M. F., Jones, G. H., Gladstone, G. R., Orton, G. S., Sinclair, J. A., Ford, P. G., Graham, G. A., Caro-Carretero, R., and Coates, A. J.
- Published
- 2017
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35. Exploring Fundamental Particle Acceleration and Loss Processes in Heliophysics through an Orbiting X-ray Instrument in the Jovian System (A White Paper for the 2024-2033 Solar and Space Physics (Heliophysics) Decadal Survey)
- Author
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Dunn, W, Berland, G, Roussos, E, Clark, G, Kollmann, P, Turner, D, Feldman, C, Stallard, T, Branduardi-Raymont, G, Woodfield, E, Rae, I, Ray, L, Carter, J, Lindsay, S, Yao, Z, Marshall, R, Jaynes, A, Ezoe, Y, Numazawa, M, Hospodarsky, G, Wu, X, Weigt, D, Jackman, C, Mori, K, Nénon, Quentin, Desai, R, Blum, L, Nordheim, T, Ness, J, Bodewits, D, Kimura, T, Li, W, Smith, H, Millas, D, Wibisono, A, Achilleos, N, Koutroumpa, Dimitra, Mcentee, S, Collier, H, Bhardwaj, A, Martindale, A, Wolk, S, Badman, S, Kraft, R, University College of London [London] (UCL), Centre for Planetary Sciences [UCL/Birkbeck] (CPS), University of Colorado [Boulder], Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), University of Leicester, Mullard Space Science Laboratory (MSSL), British Antarctic Survey (BAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), University of Northumbria at Newcastle [United Kingdom], Lancaster University, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), University of Iowa [Iowa City], Tokyo Metropolitan University [Tokyo] (TMU), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies (DIAS), Columbia University [New York], Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Imperial College London, University of Warwick [Coventry], Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Auburn University (AU), Tokyo University of Science [Tokyo], Boston University [Boston] (BU), HELIOS - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland (FHNW), Physical Research Laboratory [Ahmedabad] (PRL), Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, and Smithsonian Institution
- Subjects
[SDU.ASTR.SR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR] - Published
- 2023
36. Knowledge, Power, and Participation in Environmental Policy Analysis: An Introduction
- Author
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Hisschemöller, M., primary, Hoppe, R., additional, Dunn, W. N., additional, and Ravetz, J. R., additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. A Possible Unified Picture for the Connected Recurrent Magnetic Dipolarization, Quasi‐Periodic ENA Enhancement, SKR Low‐Frequency Extension and Narrowband Emission at Saturn.
- Author
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Xu, Y., Yao, Z. H., Ye, S.‐Y., Badman, S. V., Dialynas, K., Sergis, N., Ray, L. C., Guo, R. L., Pan, D. X., Dunn, W. R., Zhang, B., Bader, A., Kinrade, J., Wu, S. Y., Coates, A. J., Mitchell, D. G., and Wei, Y.
- Subjects
SATURN (Planet) ,PLANETARY rotation ,MAGNETIC declination ,SOLAR wind ,SPACE plasmas ,HIGH temperature plasmas ,QUASI-biennial oscillation (Meteorology) - Abstract
Magnetic Dipolarization, a hallmark indicator of the formation of field‐aligned currents, plays a crucial role in the energy dissipative processes that occur within planetary magnetospheres. Saturn's magnetic dipolarization was found to recur after one planetary rotation, suggesting a potential correlation with the corotating current systems. The observation of enhanced Energetic Neutral Atoms (ENA) within Saturn's inner magnetosphere serves as a diagnostic tool, revealing the existence of a rotating, dynamic Partial Ring Current (PRC) system. By utilizing multiple datasets from Cassini, this study advances the understanding of the interrelationship between ENA emission and magnetic dipolarization. Our results suggest the possibility of a coupling between the PRC system revealed by the ENA emission and magnetic dipolarization. Furthermore, a temporal correlation was found between the ENA emissions and two distinct radio emissions. This study discusses potential causal relationships among these phenomena and first time proposes a global unified physical picture. Plain Language Summary: Energy dissipation and circulation are the core of the space plasma field, which shows different typical features at different planets. Unlike the solar wind‐driven terrestrial magnetosphere, the giant planetary magnetospheric processes are strongly controlled by internal processes, and show strong rotational modulation in the in situ and remote sensing measurements. The rotation modulation of the observations in Saturn's magnetosphere may lead to challenges in the interpretation of data. The observed variations in data are a combination of spatial and temporal variations. In this study, we analyzed the multiple datasets from Cassini to formulate a uniform picture of the periodic variations including magnetic field variation, rotating hot plasma cloud, and radio emissions. We propose that the corotating current system could potentially connect all observed phenomena. Key Points: Recurrent magnetic dipolarization and Energetic Neutral Atoms (ENA) enhancement are correlatedThe SKR and 20 kHz narrow band emissions are likely connected to the rotating hot plasma cloud revealed by ENA observationPeriodic enhancements of SKR are concurrent but slightly time‐lag/lead the recurrent magnetic dipolarizations [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Mucosal Gene Expression in Pediatric and Adult Patients With Ulcerative Colitis Permits Modeling of Ideal Biopsy Collection Strategy for Transcriptomic Analysis
- Author
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Ouahed, Jodie, Gordon, William, Canavan, James B, Zhou, Huanyu, Du, Sarah, von Schack, David, Phillips, Kathleen, Wang, Lu, Dunn, W Augustine, III, Field, Michael, Friel, Shelby, Griffith, Alexandra, Evans, Spencer, Tollefson, Sophia, Carrellas, Madeline, Cao, Bonnie, Merker, Ami, Bousvaros, Athos, Shouval, Dror S, Hung, Kenneth, Lepsy, Christopher, Afzelius, Lovisa, Korzenik, Joshua R, and Snapper, Scott B
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Comparing Jupiter’s Equatorial X‐Ray Emissions With Solar X‐Ray Flux Over 19 Years of the Chandra Mission
- Author
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McEntee, S. C., primary, Jackman, C. M., additional, Weigt, D. M., additional, Dunn, W. R., additional, Kashyap, V., additional, Kraft, R., additional, Louis, C. K., additional, Branduardi‐Raymont, G., additional, Gladstone, G. R., additional, and Gallagher, P. T., additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Portoenterostomy as a Salvage Procedure for Major Biliary Complications Following Hepaticojejunostomy
- Author
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Sharma, Amit, Hammond, John S., Psaltis, Emmanouil, Dunn, W. Keith, and Lobo, Dileep N.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. On the Relation Between Auroral Morphologies and Compression Conditions of Jupiter's Magnetopause: Observations From Juno and the Hubble Space Telescope
- Author
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Yao, Z. H., primary, Bonfond, B., additional, Grodent, D., additional, Chané, E., additional, Dunn, W. R., additional, Kurth, W. S., additional, Connerney, J. E. P., additional, Nichols, J. D., additional, Palmaerts, B., additional, Guo, R. L., additional, Hospodarsky, G. B., additional, Mauk, B. H., additional, Kimura, T., additional, and Bolton, S. J., additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. In‐season changes in heart rate recovery are inversely related to time to exhaustion but not aerobic capacity in rowers
- Author
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Haraldsdottir, K., Brickson, S., Sanfilippo, J., Dunn, W., and Watson, A.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Human Cytomegalovirus microRNAs
- Author
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Rider, P. J. Fannin, Dunn, W., Yang, E., Liu, F., Compans, Richard W., editor, Cooper, Max D., editor, Honjo, Tasuku, editor, Koprowski, Hilary, editor, Melchers, Fritz, editor, Oldstone, Michael B. A., editor, Olsnes, Sjur, editor, Vogt, Peter K., editor, Shenk, Thomas E., editor, and Stinski, Mark F., editor
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Chandra's Observations of Jupiter's X-Ray Aurora During Juno Upstream and Apojove Intervals
- Author
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Jackman, C.M, Dunn, W, Kraft, R, Gladstone, R, Branduardi-Raymont, G, Knigge, C, Altamirano, D, and Elsner, R
- Subjects
Lunar And Planetary Science And Exploration ,Astrophysics - Abstract
The Chandra space telescope has recently conducted a number of campaigns to observe Jupiter's X-ray aurora. The first set of campaigns took place in summer 2016 while the Juno spacecraft was upstream of the planet sampling the solar wind. The second set of campaigns took place in February, June and August 2017 at times when the Juno spacecraft was at apojove (expected close to the magnetopause). We report on these upstream and apojove campaigns including intensities and periodicities of auroral X-ray emissions. This new era of jovian X-ray astronomy means we have more data than ever before, long observing windows (up to 72 kiloseconds for this Chandra set), and successive observations relatively closely spaced in time. These features combine to allow us to pursue novel methods for examining periodicities in the X-ray emission. Our work will explore significance testing of emerging periodicities, and the search for coherence in X-ray pulsing over weeks and months, seeking to understand the robustness and regularity of previously reported hot spot X-ray emissions. The periods that emerge from our analysis will be compared against those which emerge from radio and UV wavelengths.
- Published
- 2017
45. Jupiter's X‐Ray and UV Dark Polar Region
- Author
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Dunn, W. R., primary, Weigt, D. M., additional, Grodent, D., additional, Yao, Z. H., additional, May, D., additional, Feigelman, K., additional, Sipos, B., additional, Fleming, D., additional, McEntee, S., additional, Bonfond, B., additional, Gladstone, G. R., additional, Johnson, R. E., additional, Jackman, C. M., additional, Guo, R. L., additional, Branduardi‐Raymont, G., additional, Wibisono, A. D., additional, Kraft, R. P., additional, Nichols, J. D., additional, and Ray, L. C., additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Combining steroid and global metabolome profiling by mass spectrometry with machine learning to investigate metabolic risk in benign adrenal tumours with mild autonomous cortisol secretion
- Author
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Prete A, Abdi L, Canducci M, E. Taylor A., C. Gilligan L., Albors-Zumel A, van den Brandhof E, Zhang Y, N. Manolopoulos K., Tino P, Biehl M, B. Dunn W., Arlt W, Bernoulli Institute, and Intelligent Systems
- Abstract
Background: Benign adrenal tumours are discovered in 3-10% of adults and can be non-functioning (NFAT) or associated with adrenal hormone excess, most frequently mild autonomous cortisol secretion (MACS) defined by the failure to suppress cortisol after 1 mg dexamethasone overnight but lack of distinct signs of Cushing’s syndrome (CS). We found that MACS increases the prevalence and severity of type 2 diabetes and hypertension and primarily affects women (Ann Int Med. 2022 Doi:10.7326/M21-1737).Objectives: We prospectively recruited 1305 patients with benign adrenal tumours to assess their steroid and global metabolomes and determine links to type 2 diabetes and hypertension.Methods: We analysed 24-h urine samples from 1305 patients (649 NFAT, 591 MACS, 65 CS) using a 17-steroid liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) assay. We also performed untargeted serum metabolome analysis in a representative sub-cohort of 290 patients (104 NFAT, 140 MACS, 47 CS) employing HILIC and C18-lipidomics LC-MS assays. The data were analysed by two supervised machine learning approaches, generalized matrix learning vector quantization and ordinal regression, to identify the most relevant metabolic changes.Results: Urine steroid metabolome analysis revealed increased glucocorticoid metabolite excretion from NFAT over MACS to CS, whereas androgen metabolite excretion decreased. Similarly, increased glucocorticoid metabolites were observed in patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension. Lipidome analysis revealed gradual progression towards lipotoxicity with increasing cortisol excess. Patients with type 2 diabetes showed additional changes in acylcarnitines, bioactive lipids, and triacylglycerides.Conclusions: We provide mechanistic insights into the metabolic consequences of cortisol excess. Increased cortisol was linked to a change in the lipidome towards lipotoxicity. Patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension had increased glucocorticoid output and more adverse changes in the lipidome, indicative of a causative contribution of cortisol excess to their higher cardiometabolic burden. Observed changes may hold promise for risk stratification in MACS, a highly relevant and previously largely overlooked metabolic risk condition.
- Published
- 2022
47. O-003 The Brain as Extraintestinal IBD Manifestation: Are Brain and Cognitive Differences in Pediatric Crohnʼs Disease Associated with Immune Gene Expression?
- Author
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Mrakotsky, Christine, Augustine, Dunn W., Watson, Christopher, Canavan, James, Rivkin, Michael, and Snapper, Scott
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Classifying sensory profiles of children in the general population
- Author
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Little, L. M., Dean, E., Tomchek, S. D., and Dunn, W.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Outcomes in patients with indeterminate pulmonary nodules undergoing resection for colorectal liver metastases
- Author
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Gomez, Dhanwant, Kamali, Dariush, Dunn, W. Keith, Beckingham, Ian J., Brooks, Adam, and Cameron, Iain C.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Comparative Genomics Allows the Discovery of Cis-Regulatory Elements in Mosquitoes
- Author
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Sieglaff, Douglas H., Dunn, W. Augustine, Xie, Xiaohui S., Megy, Karyn, Marinotti, Osvaldo, and James, Anthony A.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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