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Laser direct joining of a carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic (CFRTP) and an alloy is prone to thermal defects, thereby reducing the joint performance. This can be avoided by reasonably controlling the joining temperature. To this end, a process optimization method characterized by taking full control of the melting depth and local peak temperature is proposed for representative CFRTP/Al and CFRTP/polymer/Al stacks. For the first time, a temperature simulation model considering the heat transfer during the laser direct joining of heterogeneous CFRTP/alloy stacks is established; the average calculation error of the model is