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6. Dating the Cryptococcus gattii Dispersal to the North American Pacific Northwest

Author

Roe, Chandler C, Bowers, Jolene, Oltean, Hanna, DeBess, Emilio, Dufresne, Philippe J, McBurney, Scott, Overy, David P, Wanke, Bodo, Lysen, Colleen, Chiller, Tom, Meyer, Wieland, Thompson, George R, Lockhart, Shawn R, Hepp, Crystal M, and Engelthaler, David M

Subjects
Human Genome, Infectious Diseases, Genetics, Infection, Cryptococcus, genomics, molecular epidemiology, mycology, Immunology, Microbiology
Abstract

The emergence of Cryptococcus gattii, previously regarded as a predominantly tropical pathogen, in the temperate climate of the North American Pacific Northwest (PNW) in 1999 prompted several questions. The most prevalent among these was the timing of the introduction of this pathogen to this novel environment. Here, we infer tip-dated timing estimates for the three clonal C. gattii populations observed in the PNW, VGIIa, VGIIb, and VGIIc, based on whole-genome sequencing of 134 C. gattii isolates and using Bayesian evolutionary analysis by sampling trees (BEAST). We estimated the nucleotide substitution rate for each lineage (1.59 × 10-8, 1.59 × 10-8, and 2.70 × 10-8, respectively) to be an order of magnitude higher than common neutral fungal mutation rates (2.0 × 10-9), indicating a microevolutionary rate (e.g., successive clonal generations in a laboratory) in comparison to a species' slower, macroevolutionary rate (e.g., when using fossil records). The clonal nature of the PNW C. gattii emergence over a narrow number of years would therefore possibly explain our higher mutation rates. Our results suggest that the mean time to most recent common ancestor for all three sublineages occurred within the last 60 to 100 years. While the cause of C. gattii dispersal to the PNW is still unclear, our research estimates that the arrival is neither ancient nor very recent (i.e.,

Published
2018

7. Reply to Kidd et al., “Inconsistencies within the proposed framework for stabilizing fungal nomenclature risk further confusion”

Author

de Hoog, Sybren, primary, Walsh, Thomas J., additional, Ahmed, Sarah A., additional, Alastruey-Izquierdo, Ana, additional, Alexander, Barbara D., additional, Arendrup, Maiken Cavling, additional, Babady, Esther, additional, Bai, Feng-Yan, additional, Balada-Llasat, Joan-Miquel, additional, Borman, Andrew, additional, Chowdhary, Anuradha, additional, Clark, Andrew, additional, Colgrove, Robert C., additional, Cornely, Oliver A., additional, Dingle, Tanis C., additional, Dufresne, Philippe J., additional, Fuller, Jeff, additional, Gangneux, Jean-Pierre, additional, Gibas, Connie, additional, Glasgow, Heather, additional, Graser, Yvonne, additional, Guillot, Jacques, additional, Groll, Andreas H., additional, Haase, Gerhard, additional, Hanson, Kimberly, additional, Harrington, Amanda, additional, Hawksworth, David L., additional, Hayden, Randall T., additional, Hoenigl, Martin, additional, Hubka, Vit, additional, Johnson, Kristie, additional, Kus, Julianne V., additional, Li, Ruoyu, additional, Meis, Jacques F., additional, Lackner, Michaela, additional, Lanternier, Fanny, additional, Leal, Sixto M., additional, Lee, Francesca, additional, Lockhart, Shawn R., additional, Luethy, Paul, additional, Martin, Isabella, additional, Kwon-Chung, Kyung J., additional, Meyer, Wieland, additional, Nguyen, M. Hong, additional, Ostrosky-Zeichner, Luis, additional, Palavecino, Elizabeth, additional, Pancholi, Preeti, additional, Pappas, Peter G., additional, Procop, Gary W., additional, Redhead, Scott A., additional, Rhoads, Daniel D., additional, Riedel, Stefan, additional, Stevens, Bryan, additional, Sullivan, Kaede Ota, additional, Vergidis, Paschalis, additional, Roilides, Emmanuel, additional, Seyedmousavi, Amir, additional, Tao, Lili, additional, Vicente, Vania A., additional, Vitale, Roxana G., additional, Wang, Qi-Ming, additional, Wengenack, Nancy L., additional, Westblade, Lars, additional, Wiederhold, Nathan, additional, White, Lewis, additional, Wojewoda, Christina M., additional, and Zhang, Sean X., additional

Published
2024
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8. Changing Patterns of Disease Severity in Blastomyces dermatitidis Infection, Quebec, Canada

Author

Carignan, Alex, Boudhrioua, Chiheb, Moreira, Sandrine, Pelletier, Andree Ann, Dufour, Kevin, Pepin, Jacques, Allard, Catherine, Marcoux, Dominique, and Dufresne, Philippe J.

Subjects
Blastomycosis -- Statistics -- Risk factors -- Patient outcomes, Health
Abstract

Blastomyces dermatitidis, a dimorphic fungus, causes a localized or disseminated pyogranulomatous fungal infection called blastomycosis. Various descriptive studies have shown predominantly pulmonary, skin, bone, and genitourinary involvement (1). The clinical [...]

Published
2021
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14. A conceptual framework for nomenclatural stability and validity of medically important fungi: a proposed global consensus guideline for fungal name changes supported by ABP, ASM, CLSI, ECMM, ESCMID-EFISG, EUCAST-AFST, FDLC, IDSA, ISHAM, MMSA, and MSGERC

Author

de Hoog, Sybren, primary, Walsh, Thomas J., additional, Ahmed, Sarah A., additional, Alastruey-Izquierdo, Ana, additional, Alexander, Barbara D., additional, Arendrup, Maiken Cavling, additional, Babady, Esther, additional, Bai, Feng-Yan, additional, Balada-Llasat, Joan-Miquel, additional, Borman, Andrew, additional, Chowdhary, Anuradha, additional, Clark, Andrew, additional, Colgrove, Robert C., additional, Cornely, Oliver A., additional, Dingle, Tanis C., additional, Dufresne, Philippe J., additional, Fuller, Jeff, additional, Gangneux, Jean-Pierre, additional, Gibas, Connie, additional, Glasgow, Heather, additional, Gräser, Yvonne, additional, Guillot, Jacques, additional, Groll, Andreas H., additional, Haase, Gerhard, additional, Hanson, Kimberly, additional, Harrington, Amanda, additional, Hawksworth, David L., additional, Hayden, Randall T., additional, Hoenigl, Martin, additional, Hubka, Vit, additional, Johnson, Kristie, additional, Kus, Julianne V., additional, Li, Ruoyu, additional, Meis, Jacques F., additional, Lackner, Michaela, additional, Lanternier, Fanny, additional, Leal Jr., Sixto M., additional, Lee, Francesca, additional, Lockhart, Shawn R., additional, Luethy, Paul, additional, Martin, Isabella, additional, Kwon-Chung, Kyung J., additional, Meyer, Wieland, additional, Nguyen, M. Hong, additional, Ostrosky-Zeichner, Luis, additional, Palavecino, Elizabeth, additional, Pancholi, Preeti, additional, Pappas, Peter G., additional, Procop, Gary W., additional, Redhead, Scott A., additional, Rhoads, Daniel D., additional, Riedel, Stefan, additional, Stevens, Bryan, additional, Sullivan, Kaede Ota, additional, Vergidis, Paschalis, additional, Roilides, Emmanuel, additional, Seyedmousavi, Amir, additional, Tao, Lili, additional, Vicente, Vania A., additional, Vitale, Roxana G., additional, Wang, Qi-Ming, additional, Wengenack, Nancy L., additional, Westblade, Lars, additional, Wiederhold, Nathan, additional, White, Lewis, additional, Wojewoda, Christina M., additional, and Zhang, Sean X., additional

Published
2023
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16. Chagnon v. Syndicat de la fonction publique et parapublique du Quebec: Implications of the Supreme Court of Canada's Decision for the Law of Parliamentary Privilege

Author

Dufresne, Philippe and Lithwick, Dara

Subjects
United Kingdom. House of Commons -- Officials and employees, Quebec. National Assembly -- Officials and employees, Security guards -- Political activity -- Political aspects, Government
Abstract

The Supreme Court of Canada's decision in Chagnon v. Syndicat de la fonction publique et parapublique du Quebec is the most significant development in Canadian law regarding parliamentary privilege since [...]

Published
2020

22. Last Glacial loess in Europe: luminescence database and chronology of deposition

Author

Bosq, Mathieu, Kreutzer, Sebastian, Bertran, Pascal, Lanos, Philippe, Dufresne, Philippe, Schmidt, Christoph, Bosq, Mathieu, Kreutzer, Sebastian, Bertran, Pascal, Lanos, Philippe, Dufresne, Philippe, and Schmidt, Christoph

Abstract

During the last glacial period, the climate shift to cold conditions associated with changes in atmospheric circulation and vegetation cover resulted in the development of large aeolian systems in Europe. On a regional scale, many factors may have influenced dust dynamics, such as the latitudinal difference between the various aeolian systems and the variability of the sources of wind-transported particles. Therefore, the assumption that the timing of aeolian deposition is strictly synchronous in Europe does not seem to be the most plausible hypothesis and needs to be evaluated. To test this assumption, the chronology of loess deposition in different European regions was investigated by studying 93 luminescence-dated loess-palaeosol sequences with their data recalculated and compiled in a single CSV file: the ChronoLoess database. Our study shows that the two major aeolian systems, the Northern European Loess Belt (NELB) on the one hand and the systems associated with the rivers draining the Alpine Ice Sheet on the other hand, developed asynchronously. The significant deposition started at about 32 ka for the NELB vs 40 ka for the perialpine loess and peaked about two millennia later for the former (21.8 ka vs 23.9 ka, respectively). This shift resulted mainly from the time lag between the maxima of the Alpine and Fennoscandian ice sheets, which acted as the primary sources of fine-grained particles through glacial abrasion. The major geomorphic changes that resulted from the development and decay of the Fennoscandian and British-Irish ice sheets also played an important role. Particularly, ice sheet coalescence during the LGM diverted meltwater fluxes through the Manche River and provided vast amounts of glacial particles available for deflation in the western NELB. The period during which the maximum Mass Accumulation Rate was reached for each loess-palaeosol sequence is relatively homogeneous in the NELB and ranges from 30 ka to 19 ka, whereas it is more scattere

Published
2023
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23. A conceptual framework for nomenclatural stability and validity of medically important fungi: a proposed global consensus guideline for fungal name changes supported by ABP, ASM, CLSI, ECMM, ESCMID-EFISG, EUCAST-AFST, FDLC, IDSA, ISHAM, MMSA, and MSGERC

Author

de Hoog, Sybren, Walsh, Thomas J, Ahmed, Sarah A, Alastruey-Izquierdo, Ana, Alexander, Barbara D, Arendrup, Maiken Cavling, Babady, Esther, Bai, Feng-Yan, Balada-Llasat, Joan-Miquel, Borman, Andrew, Chowdhary, Anuradha, Clark, Andrew, Colgrove, Robert C, Cornely, Oliver A, Dingle, Tanis C, Dufresne, Philippe J, Fuller, Jeff, Gangneux, Jean-Pierre, Gibas, Connie, Glasgow, Heather, Gräser, Yvonne, Guillot, Jacques, Groll, Andreas H, Haase, Gerhard, Hanson, Kimberly, Harrington, Amanda, Hawksworth, David L, Hayden, Randall T, Hoenigl, Martin, Hubka, Vit, Johnson, Kristie, Kus, Julianne V, Li, Ruoyu, Meis, Jacques F, Lackner, Michaela, Lanternier, Fanny, Leal, Sixto M, Lee, Francesca, Lockhart, Shawn R, Luethy, Paul, Martin, Isabella, Kwon-Chung, Kyung J, Meyer, Wieland, Nguyen, M Hong, Ostrosky-Zeichner, Luis, Palavecino, Elizabeth, Pancholi, Preeti, Pappas, Peter G, Procop, Gary W, Redhead, Scott A, Rhoads, Daniel D, Riedel, Stefan, Stevens, Bryan, Sullivan, Kaede Ota, Vergidis, Paschalis, Roilides, Emmanuel, Seyedmousavi, Amir, Tao, Lili, Vicente, Vania A, Vitale, Roxana G, Wang, Qi-Ming, Wengenack, Nancy L, Westblade, Lars, Wiederhold, Nathan, White, Lewis, Wojewoda, Christina M, Zhang, Sean X, de Hoog, Sybren, Walsh, Thomas J, Ahmed, Sarah A, Alastruey-Izquierdo, Ana, Alexander, Barbara D, Arendrup, Maiken Cavling, Babady, Esther, Bai, Feng-Yan, Balada-Llasat, Joan-Miquel, Borman, Andrew, Chowdhary, Anuradha, Clark, Andrew, Colgrove, Robert C, Cornely, Oliver A, Dingle, Tanis C, Dufresne, Philippe J, Fuller, Jeff, Gangneux, Jean-Pierre, Gibas, Connie, Glasgow, Heather, Gräser, Yvonne, Guillot, Jacques, Groll, Andreas H, Haase, Gerhard, Hanson, Kimberly, Harrington, Amanda, Hawksworth, David L, Hayden, Randall T, Hoenigl, Martin, Hubka, Vit, Johnson, Kristie, Kus, Julianne V, Li, Ruoyu, Meis, Jacques F, Lackner, Michaela, Lanternier, Fanny, Leal, Sixto M, Lee, Francesca, Lockhart, Shawn R, Luethy, Paul, Martin, Isabella, Kwon-Chung, Kyung J, Meyer, Wieland, Nguyen, M Hong, Ostrosky-Zeichner, Luis, Palavecino, Elizabeth, Pancholi, Preeti, Pappas, Peter G, Procop, Gary W, Redhead, Scott A, Rhoads, Daniel D, Riedel, Stefan, Stevens, Bryan, Sullivan, Kaede Ota, Vergidis, Paschalis, Roilides, Emmanuel, Seyedmousavi, Amir, Tao, Lili, Vicente, Vania A, Vitale, Roxana G, Wang, Qi-Ming, Wengenack, Nancy L, Westblade, Lars, Wiederhold, Nathan, White, Lewis, Wojewoda, Christina M, and Zhang, Sean X

Abstract

The rapid pace of name changes of medically important fungi is creating challenges for clinical laboratories and clinicians involved in patient care. We describe two sources of name change which have different drivers, at the species versus the genus level. Some suggestions are made here to reduce the number of name changes. We urge taxonomists to provide diagnostic markers of taxonomic novelties. Given the instability of phylogenetic trees due to variable taxon sampling, we advocate to maintain genera at the largest possible size. Reporting of identified species in complexes or series should where possible comprise both the name of the overarching species and that of the molecular sibling, often cryptic species. Because the use of different names for the same species will be unavoidable for many years to come, an open access online database of the names of all medically important fungi, with proper nomenclatural designation and synonymy, is essential. We further recommend that while taxonomic discovery continues, the adaptation of new name changes by clinical laboratories and clinicians be reviewed routinely by a standing committee for validation and stability over time, with reference to an open access database, wherein reasons for changes are listed in a transparent way.

Published
2023

25. The psychosocial dimension of housing in Nunavik: does social support vary with household crowding?

Author

Simard, Charles-Olivier, primary, Riva, Mylene, additional, Dufresne, Philippe, additional, Perreault, Karine, additional, Muckle, Gina, additional, Poliakova, Natalia, additional, Desrochers-Couture, Mireille, additional, Fletcher, Christopher, additional, Moisan, Caroline, additional, Fraser, Sarah, additional, Bélanger, Richard, additional, Courtemanche, Yohann, additional, and Bignami, Simona, additional

Published
2022
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26. Impact of trauma centre designation level on outcomes following hemorrhagic shock: a multicentre cohort study

Author

Dufresne, Philippe, Moore, Lynne, Tardif, Pier-Alexandre, Razek, Tarek, Omar, Madiba, Boutin, Amelie, and Clement, Julien

Subjects
Hemorrhagic shock -- Care and treatment -- Research, Mortality -- Analysis -- Causes of -- Quebec, Health, Health care industry
Abstract

Background: Hemorrhagic shock is responsible for 45% of injury fatalities in North America, and 50% of these occur within 2 h of injury. There is currently a lack of evidence [...]

Published
2017
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27. Comparaison des programmes de statistique bayesienne Oxcal et ChronoModel pour préciser la datation de l'éruption des ponces d’Avellino (Vésuve)

Author

Lefevre, J.C., Lanos, Philippe, Albore Livadie, Claude, Dufresne, Philippe, Oberlin, C., Centre Camille Jullian - Histoire et archéologie de la Méditerranée et de l'Afrique du Nord de la protohistoire à la fin de l'Antiquité (CCJ), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ETH Zurich, and Weizmann Institute of Science

Subjects
[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

International audience; Comparaison des programmes de statistique bayesienne Oxcal et ChronoModel pour préciser la datation de l'éruption des ponces d'Avellino (Vésuve) Avellino Protohistoriques Dépôts éruptifs d'Avellino et protohistoriques sur le site de Croce del Papa 1)Programmation Diagramme "Phases" Chronomodel Définition en variables globales des datations des erruptions protohistoriques AP1 AP2 { Modèle d'Outliers Définition temporelle des Phases: Sigma_Boundary"....." Diagramme temporel de phases : mise en Séquence par ("Séquence Chrono") des différentes phases archéologiques ou éruptives

Published
2022

29. Multicenter Evaluation of Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) Spectroscopy-Based Method for Rapid Identification of Clinically Relevant Yeasts

Author

Lam, Lisa M. T., primary, Ismail, Ashraf A., additional, Lévesque, Simon, additional, Dufresne, Simon F., additional, Cheng, Mathew P., additional, Vallières, Émilie, additional, Luong, Me-Linh, additional, Sedman, Jacqueline, additional, and Dufresne, Philippe J., additional

Published
2022
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31. Modélisation bayésienne Oxcal et ChronoModel de la datationde l'éruption des ponces d’Avellino (Vésuve) à l’âge dubronze

Author

Lefèvre, Jean-Claude, Lanos, Philippe, Claude Albore, Livadie, Dufresne, Philippe, Oberlin, Christine, Archéologie et Archéométrie (ArAr), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2), IRAMAT-Centre de recherche en physique appliquée à l’archéologie (IRAMAT-CRP2A), Institut de Recherches sur les Archéomatériaux (IRAMAT), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM), Géosciences Rennes (GR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Camille Jullian - Histoire et archéologie de la Méditerranée et de l'Afrique du Nord de la protohistoire à la fin de l'Antiquité (CCJ), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Statistiques bayésiennes, Datations, Chronomodel, Oxcal, 14C, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Avellino, Vésuve
Abstract

National audience; La multiplication des données chronologiques fournies par les différentes méthodes dedatation absolue et celles obtenues par les fouilles et l’analyse des mobiliers soulèventla question de leur traitement conjoint suivant des méthodes fiables etreproductibles. C’est pour répondre à cette question que depuis les années 90 desarchéologues, des archéomètres et des statisticiens ont développé des logiciels demodélisation chronologique utilisant des statistiques dites bayésiennes. L’éruptionplinienne dite d’Avellino, à l’âge du bronze, est un évènement majeur de l’histoirevolcanique du Vésuve. Ses dépôts ponceux sont un marqueur stratigraphique importantsur de nombreux sites archéologiques régionaux. Cet évènement est aussi synchrone dechangements culturels de l’âge du bronze en Campanie. Afin de préciser la datation del’éruption, nous avons traité l’ensemble les données chronologiques disponibles liésdirectement à l’éruption, mais aussi les informations chronologiques, stratigraphiqueset culturelles apportées par les sites archéologiques en relation avec cette éruption. Afinde contraindre au mieux cette modélisation nous avons élargi le modèle aux phasesarchéologique antérieures et postérieures. Cette modélisation a été réalisés de façonaussi proche que possible par les logiciels de statistique bayésienne Oxcal etChronoModel afin de comparer les résultats obtenus.

Published
2021

33. Chronologie de l'éruption et des cultures archéologiques associées par le logiciel de statistique bayésienne ChronoModel

Author

Lanos, Philippe, Lefèvre, Jean-Claude, Oberlin, Christine, Livadie, Claude, Dufresne, Philippe, Maison méditerranéenne des sciences de l'Homme (MMSH), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Albore Livadie, Claude, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)

Subjects
[SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

International audience; Nous nous proposons dans cette note d'établir, au moyen du logiciel ChronoModel, les chronologies de la phase éruptive dite "des Ponces d'Avellino", des deux premières éruptions pliniennes protohistoriques (AP1, AP2) et des facies culturels

Published
2020

44. Four genomic clades of Candida auris identified in Canada, 2012–2019.

Author

Luca, Domenica G De, Alexander, David C, Dingle, Tanis C, Dufresne, Philippe J, Hoang, Linda M, Kus, Julianne V, Schwartz, Ilan S, Mulvey, Michael R, and Bharat, Amrita

Abstract

Candida auris is an emerging yeast that is associated with antifungal resistance and healthcare-associated outbreaks. From 2012 to 2019, there were 24 known cases of C. auris colonization or infection in Canada. Isolates were from axilla/groin (n = 6), ear (n = 5), blood (n = 4), toe (n = 2), and a variety of other sites (n = 7). Canadian isolates belonged to the four main genomic clades: Clade I (formerly called South Asian clade, n = 12), Clade II (East Asian, n = 3), Clade III (African, n = 4), and Clade IV (South American, n = 5). Isolates within each clade were clonal; however, whole genome sequencing may be helpful in identifying clusters within healthcare facilities. Lay summary The fungal pathogen Candida auris has caused many hospital outbreaks and is often multidrug resistant. All four major strains of C. auris were identified in Canada from 2012 to 2019. Genomic epidemiology may be useful for identifying and reducing transmission of C. auris within hospitals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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45. Archéologie du bâti et archéométrie au Mont-Saint-Michel, nouvelles approches de Notre-Dame-sous-Terre

Author

Sapin, Christian, Baylé, Maylis, Büttner, Stéphane, Guibert, Pierre, Blain, Sophie, Lanos, Philippe, Chauvin, Annick, Dufresne, Philippe, and Oberlin, Christine

Abstract

La confrontation croisée de plusieurs disciplines relevant de l’archéométrie, mise en œuvre pour la première fois dans le cadre d’un programme CNRS, a permis une nouvelle approche – orientée par l’archéologie du bâti – de Notre-Dame-sous-Terre du Mont Saint-Michel. C’est à partir des mortiers et des charbons de bois, des briques ou terres cuites architecturales que le 14C, la thermoluminescence et l’archéomagnétisme ont précisé la chronologie d’édification des structures architecturales. Ces travaux, précédés d’une étude documentaire, d’une archéologie des élévations et de nouveaux relevés, ont mis en évidence des datations recouvrant le xe siècle et tendant à montrer que deux ensembles maçonnés se sont succédé. Collective analysis of several archeometric disciplines, used for the first time within the framework of a CNRS programme, has resulted in a new approach – orientated around standing building studies – to the study of Notre-Dame-sous-Terre, at Mont-Saint-Michel. The chronology for the edification of the architectural elements has been defined by dating the mortars and charcoal, bricks or ceramic building materials, by 14C, thermoluminescence and magnetic dating. These analyses, preceded by a documentary study, archaeological analysis of the elevations and new surveys, indicate dates spanning the 10th century, and tend to show that there were two successive masonry blocks. Zum ersten Mal im Rahmen eines Forschungsprogramms des CNRS [frz. Forschungsgemeinschaft] wurden gleichzeitig mehrere archäometrische Methoden zur Untersuchung der Liebfrauenkrypta des Mont-Saint-Michel (Notre-Dame-sous-Terre) angewendet, wobei die Fragestellung eine baugeschichtliche war. Die Analyse von Mörteln, Holzkohlen, Backsteinen und sonstiger Baukeramik unter Verwendung von C14, Thermolumineszenz und Archäomagnetismus führte zur einer präziseren Bauchronologie. Vorausgegangen waren geschichtliche und bauanalytische Untersuchungen und eine neue Bauaufnahme. Das Ergebnis waren Datierungen, die sich über das ganze 10. Jh. erstrecken und die zu zeigen scheinen, daß es nacheinander zwei gemauerte Komplexen gab.

Published
2019

46. Social housing construction and improvements in housing outcomes for Inuit in Northern Canada.

Author

Riva, Mylene, Perreault, Karine, Dufresne, Philippe, Fletcher, Christopher, Muckle, Gina, Potvin, Louise, Bailie, Ross, and Baron, Marie

Subjects
HOUSE construction, PUBLIC housing design & construction, CANADIAN Inuit, HOUSING policy, SOCIAL policy
Abstract

One-third of Inuit households in the Canadian Arctic are in core housing need-three times the national average. In 2014–2015, over 400 social housing units were constructed in Nunavik and Nunavut, two of the four Inuit land claims regions in Canada. This article examines whether rehousing, following this large-scale construction commitment, is associated with significant improvements in housing outcomes. People on the waiting list for social housing were recruited in 12 communities in Nunavik and Nunavut. Of the 186 adults who were rehoused, 102 completed the study. Questionnaires were administered 1–6 months before and 15–18 months after rehousing. After rehousing, household crowding, major repairs needed, and thermal discomfort were significantly reduced. The sense of home, including factors such as perceived control, privacy, and identity, improved significantly post-move. Social housing construction significantly improves living conditions in Nunavik and Nunavut. Integration of housing and social policies are needed to maximize benefits of new housing construction and to avoid or mitigate unintended effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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47. A novel interdisciplianry approach for building Archaeology: the inegration of mortar 'single grain' luminescence dating into archaeological research, the example of the Saint Seurin Basilica, Bordeaux'

Author

Michel, Anne, Urbanova, Petra, CANTIN, Nadia, Guibert, Pierre, Lanos, Philippe, Dufresne, Philippe, Garnier, L, Ausonius-Institut de recherche sur l'Antiquité et le Moyen âge, Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), IRAMAT-Centre de recherche en physique appliquée à l’archéologie (IRAMAT-CRP2A), Institut de Recherches sur les Archéomatériaux (IRAMAT), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géosciences Rennes (GR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

International audience

Published
2018

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