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217 results on '"Duff, J. P."'

1. On the effect of flux-surface shaping on trapped-electron modes in quasi-helically symmetric stellarators

Author

Gerard, M. J., Pueschel, M. J., Geiger, B., Mackenbach, R. J. J., Duff, J. M., Faber, B. J., Hegna, C. C., and Terry, P. W.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

Using a novel optimization procedure it has been shown that the Helically Symmetric eXperiment (HSX) stellarator can be optimized for reduced trapped-electron-mode (TEM) instability [M.J.~Gerard et al., \textit{Nucl.~Fusion} \textbf{63} (2023) 056004]. Presently, with a set of 563 experimental candidate configurations, gyrokinetic simulations are performed to investigate the efficacy of available energy $E_\mathrm{A}$, quasi-helical symmetry, and flux-surface shaping parameters as metrics for TEM stabilization. It is found that lower values of $E_\mathrm{A}$ correlate with reduced growth rates, but only when separate flux-surface shaping regimes are considered. Moreover, configurations with improved quasi-helical symmetry demonstrate a similar reduction in growth rates and less scatter compared to $E_\mathrm{A}$. Regarding flux-surface shaping, a set of helical shaping parameters is introduced that show increased elongation is strongly correlated with reduced TEM growth rates, however, only when the quasi-helical symmetry is preserved. Using a newly derived velocity-space-averaged TEM resonance operator, these trends are analyzed to provide insights into the physical mechanism of the observed stabilization. For elongation, stabilization is attributed to geometric effects that reduce the destabilizing particle drifts across the magnetic field. Regarding quasi-helical symmetry, the TEM resonance in the maximally resonant trapping well is shown to increase as the quasi-helical symmetry is broken, and breaking quasi-helical symmetry increases the prevalence of highly resonant trapping wells. While these results demonstrate the limitations of using any single metric as a linear TEM proxy, it is shown that quasi-helical symmetry and plasma elongation are highly effective metrics for reducing TEM growth rates in helical equilibria.

Published
2024

2. Bounce-averaged drifts: Equivalent definitions, numerical implementations, and example cases

Author

Mackenbach, R. J. J., Duff, J. M., Gerard, M. J., Proll, J. H. E., Helander, P., and Hegna, C. C.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics, Physics - Computational Physics
Abstract

In this article we provide various analytical and numerical methods for calculating the average drift of magnetically trapped particles across field lines in complex geometries, and we compare these methods against each other. To evaluate bounce-integrals, we introduce a generalisation of the trapezoidal rule which is able to circumvent integrable singularities. We contrast this method with more standard quadrature methods in a parabolic magnetic well and find that the computational cost is significantly lower for the trapezoidal method, though at the cost of accuracy. With numerical routines in place, we next investigate conditions on particles which cross the computational boundary, and we find that important differences arise for particles affected by this boundary, which can depend on the specific implementation of the calculation. Finally, we investigate the bounce-averaged drifts in the optimized stellarator NCSX. From investigating the drifts, one can readily deduce important properties, such as what subset of particles can drive trapped-particle modes, and in what regions radial drifts are most deleterious to the stability of such modes., Comment: 12 pages, 6 figures

Published
2023
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3. A New Optimized Quasihelically SymmetricStellarator

Author

Bader, A., Faber, B. J., Schmitt, J. C., Anderson, D. T., Drevlak, M., Duff, J. M., Frerichs, H., Hegna, C. C., Kruger, T. G., Landreman, M., McKinney, I. J., Singh, L., Schroeder, J. M., Terry, P. W., and Ware, A. S.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

A new optimized quasihelically symmetric configuration is described that has the desir-able properties of improved energetic particle confinement, reduced turbulent transportby 3D shaping, and non-resonant divertor capabilities. The configuration presented in thispaper is explicitly optimized for quasihelical symmetry, energetic particle confinement,neoclassical confinement, and stability near the axis. Post optimization, the configurationwas evaluated for its performance with regard to energetic particle transport, idealmagnetohydrodynamic (MHD) stability at various values of plasma pressure, and iontemperature gradient instability induced turbulent transport. The effect of discrete coilson various confinement figures of merit, including energetic particle confinement, aredetermined by generating single-filament coils for the configuration. Preliminary divertoranalysis shows that coils can be created that do not interfere with expansion of thevessel volume near the regions of outgoing heat flux, thus demonstrating the possibilityof operating a non-resonant divertor., Comment: 13 figures, 3 tables

Published
2020
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4. A Theoretically Informed Approach to Support the Implementation of Pre-Operative Anemia and Iron Deficiency Screening, Evaluation, and Management Pathways: Protocol for a Type Two Hybrid-Effectiveness Study

Author

Delaforce A, Duff J, Munday J, Farmer S, Miller K, Glover L, Corney C, Hurst C, Ansell G, Gutta N, Tuffaha H, and Hardy J

Subjects
patient blood management, implementation, anemia, iron deficiency, surgery, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Alana Delaforce,1– 3 Jed Duff,1,4 Judy Munday,3– 5 Shannon Farmer,6,7 Kristin Miller,2 Lynne Glover,2 Christopher Corney,2 Cameron Hurst,8 Gareth Ansell,2,9 Naadir Gutta,2,9 Haitham Tuffaha,10 Janet Hardy2,3 1School of Nursing and Midwifery, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia; 2Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia; 3Mater Research Institute-UQ, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia; 4Centre for Healthcare Transformation/School of Nursing, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD, Australia; 5Faculty of Health and Sport Science, The University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway; 6Department of Haematology, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; 7Medical School and Division of Surgery, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; 8QIMR Berghoffer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; 9School of Clinical Medicine - Mater Clinical Unit, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia; 10Centre for the Business and Economics of Health, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, AustraliaCorrespondence: Alana Delaforce Level 6, Duncombe Building, Mater Hospital Brisbane, South Brisbane, QLD, 4101, AustraliaTel +61 7 3163 2853Email alana.delaforce@mater.org.auIntroduction: Blood transfusions are a risk factor for increased morbidity, mortality, and length of hospital stay. Patient blood management guidelines provide guidance to reduce risk and improve patient outcomes. They outline steps to help prevent transfusions and considerations for when deciding to transfuse. One recommendation to prevent unnecessary transfusion is to optimize patients using Pre-operative Anemia and Iron Deficiency Screening, Evaluation and Management Pathways (PAIDSEM-P). The uptake of these recommendations is highly variable, and an effective approach to implementing them in a tailored and context-specific manner remains elusive.Method and Design: A mixed-methods, interventional study, using a type two-hybrid effectiveness-implementation design, will evaluate the impact of a change package to improve the uptake of PAIDSEM-P. The change package consists of the intervention (PAIDSEM-P) supported by theoretically informed implementation strategies. Pre- and post-implementation, retrospective health record reviews will determine the effect of the change package on provider outcomes, including compliance with guideline recommendations as measured by the proportion of patients who have the appropriate tests performed, and, if required, appropriate treatment and/or referrals. Patient outcomes will be measured by checking for any difference in the proportion of patients with anemia on the day of surgery and the proportion of patients who receive a blood transfusion during the peri-operative period. An economic evaluation will be conducted to compare health outcomes and costs. The feasibility, acceptability and appropriateness of the PAIDSEM-P will be assessed using a quantitative, validated survey to measure implementation outcomes.Discussion: Testing of implementation theory is required to advance understanding of what works, in what context, and the impact on implementation success. This study aims to evaluate the impact of a theoretically informed change package on improving the uptake of PAIDSEM-P. If successful, it will also provide a framework for health care facilities to follow when addressing other evidence-practice gaps.Keywords: patient blood management, implementation, anemia, iron deficiency, surgery

Published
2021

5. Preoperative Anemia and Iron Deficiency Screening, Evaluation and Management: Barrier Identification and Implementation Strategy Mapping

Author

Delaforce A, Duff J, Munday J, and Hardy J

Subjects
patient blood management, preoperative anemia screening, consolidated framework for implementing research, expert recommendations for implementing change, qualitative., Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Alana Delaforce,1,2 Jed Duff,1,3 Judy Munday,3,4 Janet Hardy2 1School of Nursing and Midwifery, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia; 2Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia; 3School of Nursing/Centre for Healthcare Transformation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD, Australia; 4School of Nursing, The University of Agder, Kristiansand, NorwayCorrespondence: Alana Delaforce Email alana.delaforce@mater.org.auIntroduction and aims: Patients undergoing major surgery risk significant blood loss and transfusion, which increases substantially if they have pre-existing anemia. Preoperative Anemia and Iron Deficiency Screening, Evaluation and Management Pathways (PAIDSEM-P) outline recommended blood tests and treatment to optimize patients before surgery. Documented success using PAIDSEM-P to reduce transfusions and improve patient outcomes exists, but the reporting quality of such studies is suboptimal. It remains unclear what implementation strategies best support the implementation of PAIDSEM-P.Method: Maximum variation, purposive sampling was used to recruit a total of 15 participants, including a range of health professionals and patients for semi-structured interviews. Data analysis utilized a deductive approach informed by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) for barrier identification and the Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change (ERIC) for reporting recommended implementation strategies. A modified version of the Action, Actor, Context, Target and Time (AACTT) framework assisted with conceptualisation and targeted strategy selection.Results: The analysis revealed five barriers: access to knowledge and information, patient needs and resources, knowledge and beliefs about the intervention, available resources, and networks and communications, which had strong ERIC recommendations, including conduct educational meetings, develop educational materials, distribute educational materials, obtain and use patients/consumers family feedback, involve patients/consumers/family members, conduct a local needs assessment, access new funding, promote network weaving, and organize clinician implementation team meetings.Conclusions: Mapping the barriers and strategies using the ERIC framework on the basis of individual actor categories proved to be useful in identifying a pragmatic number of implementation strategies that may help in supporting the utilisation of the PAIDSEM-P and other evidence-based healthcare implementation problems more broadly.Keywords: patient blood management, preoperative anemia screening, Consolidated Framework for Implementing Research, Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change, qualitative

Published
2020

7. Preoperative Anemia Screening and Treatment Practices in Patients Having Total Joint Replacement Surgery: A Retrospective, Observational Audit

Author

Delaforce A, Galeel L, Poon E, Hurst C, Duff J, Munday J, and Hardy J

Subjects
preoperative anemia, patient blood management, surgery, Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs, RC633-647.5
Abstract

Alana Delaforce,1,2 Lemya Galeel,2 Edgar Poon,3 Cameron Hurst,4 Jed Duff,1,5 Judy Munday,5,6 Janet Hardy2 1School of Nursing, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia; 2Mater Research, Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia; 3School of Pharmacy, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; 4QIMR Berghoffer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; 5School of Nursing, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; 6School of Nursing, The University of Agder, Kristiansand, NorwayCorrespondence: Alana DelaforceMater Research Mater Health Services, Level 6, Duncombe Building, Raymond Terrace, South Brisbane, QLD 4101, AustraliaTel +61 3163 2853Email alana.delaforce@mater.org.auBackground: Surgical patients with preoperative anemia are more likely to experience adverse outcomes. Patient blood management (PBM) guidelines recommend screening and treating patients for anemia preoperatively to enable optimisation before surgery. This study investigates compliance with PBM guidelines and reports the association between length of stay and transfusion risk in patients with preoperative anemia.Study Design and Methods: A retrospective, observational, chart audit that included all patients having primary, total hip and knee replacement surgery between July–December 2018 at a tertiary, metropolitan healthcare facility.Results: Six hundred and seven patients patients were included, 96% (n = 583) patients had blood tests available (full blood count), and 8.1% (n = 49) had iron studies. Most patients 53% (n = 324) were screened between 2 and 6 days before surgery; 14.6% (n = 85) were anaemic preoperatively and only 5.9% (n = 5) of anaemic patients received treatment. Patients who had anemia preoperatively were more likely to receive a blood transfusion (odds ratio 8.65 [95% CI 3.98– 18.76]) and stayed longer in hospital (median difference = 1, χ2 LR = 17.2, df=1, p< 0.007).Conclusion: Tests ordered for patients having major surgery should include iron studies, renal function, CRP and full blood count to enable detection and classification of preoperative anemia. Timing of screening relative to surgery needs to be sufficient to allow patient optimisation to occur. Appropriate treatment should be provided to anaemic patients to prevent unnecessary blood transfusions and reduce the length of stay. A standardised preoperative anemia pathway may assist in improving practice.Keywords: preoperative anemia, patient blood management, surgery

Published
2020

9. Design Studies for a High Current Bunching System for CLIC Test Facility (CTF3) Drive Beam

Author

Thiery, Y., Gao, J., and Duff, J. Le

Subjects
Physics - Accelerator Physics
Abstract

A bunching system is proposed for the initial stage of CTF3 which consists of one (two) 3 GHz prebunchers and one 3 GHz travelling wave (TW) buncher with variable phase velocities. The electron beam is emitted from a 140 KV DC gun. Since the macropulse beam current (3.5 A) at the exit of the TW buncher is rather high, inside the TW buncher one has to take the beam loading effect into consideration. By using PARMELA, it is shown numerically that the bunching system can provide the bunches whose properties satisfy the design requirement of CTF3. The 0.8 m long TW buncher working at 2pi/3 mode has two phase velocities, 0.75 and 1. The dimensions of the caities in the two phase velocity regions are proposed considering the beam loading effect. The transient beam loading effect and the multibunch transverse instabilities are studied numerically, and it is concluded that higher order mode couplers should be installed in the TW buncher with the loaded quality factor of the dipole mode lower than 80., Comment: 5 figures, presented at the Linear Accelerator Conference 2000, August 2000, USA

Published
2000

11. Enhancing adult therapeutic interpersonal relationships in the acute health care setting: an integrative review

Author

Kornhaber R, Walsh K, Duff J, and Walker K

Subjects
Health, acute care, therapeutic interpersonal relationships, relational care integrative review, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Rachel Kornhaber,1 Kenneth Walsh,1,2 Jed Duff,1,3 Kim Walker1,3 1School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Tasmania, Alexandria, NSW, 2Tasmanian Health Services – Southern Region, Hobart, TAS, 3St Vincent’s Private Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia Abstract: Therapeutic interpersonal relationships are the primary component of all health care interactions that facilitate the development of positive clinician–patient experiences. Therapeutic interpersonal relationships have the capacity to transform and enrich the patients’ experiences. Consequently, with an increasing necessity to focus on patient-centered care, it is imperative for health care professionals to therapeutically engage with patients to improve health-related outcomes. Studies were identified through an electronic search, using the PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and PsycINFO databases of peer-reviewed research, limited to the English language with search terms developed to reflect therapeutic interpersonal relationships between health care professionals and patients in the acute care setting. This study found that therapeutic listening, responding to patient emotions and unmet needs, and patient centeredness were key characteristics of strategies for improving therapeutic interpersonal relationships. Keywords: health, acute care, therapeutic interpersonal relationships, relational care integrative review

Published
2016

13. 2022 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science with Treatment Recommendations: Summary from the Basic Life Support; Advanced Life Support; Pediatric Life Support; Neonatal Life Support; Education, Implementation, and Teams; And First Aid Task Forces

Author

Wyckoff, M. H., Greif, R., Morley, P. T., Ng, K. -C., Olasveengen, T. M., Singletary, E. M., Soar, J., Cheng, A., Drennan, I. R., Liley, H. G., Scholefield, B. R., Smyth, M. A., Welsford, M., Zideman, D. A., Acworth, J., Aickin, R., Andersen, L. W., Atkins, D., Berry, D. C., Bhanji, F., Bierens, J., Borra, V., Bottiger, B. W., Bradley, R. N., Bray, J. E., Breckwoldt, J., Callaway, C. W., Carlson, J. N., Cassan, P., Castren, M., Chang, W. -T., Charlton, N. P., Chung, S. P., Considine, J., Costa-Nobre, D. T., Couper, K., Couto, T. B., Dainty, K. N., Davis, P. G., De Almeida, M. F., De Caen, A. R., Deakin, C. D., Djarv, T., Donnino, M. W., Douma, M. J., Duff, J. P., Dunne, C. L., Eastwood, K., El-Naggar, W., Fabres, J. G., Fawke, J., Finn, J., Foglia, E. E., Folke, F., Gilfoyle, E., Goolsby, C. A., Granfeldt, A., Guerguerian, A. -M., Guinsburg, R., Hirsch, K. G., Holmberg, M. J., Hosono, S., Hsieh, M. -J., Hsu, C. H., Ikeyama, T., Isayama, T., Johnson, N. J., Kapadia, V. S., Kawakami, M. D., Kim, H. -S., Kleinman, M., Kloeck, D. A., Kudenchuk, P. J., Lagina, A. T., Lauridsen, K. G., Lavonas, E. J., Lee, H. C., Lin, Y. (., Lockey, A. S., Maconochie, I. K., Madar, R. J., Malta Hansen, C., Masterson, S., Matsuyama, T., Mckinlay, C. J. D., Meyran, D., Morgan, P., Morrison, L. J., Nadkarni, V., Nakwa, F. L., Nation, K. J., Nehme, Z., Nemeth, M., Neumar, R. W., Nicholson, T., Nikolaou, N., Nishiyama, C., Norii, T., Nuthall, G. A., O'Neill, B. J., Ong, Y. -K. G., Orkin, A. M., Paiva, E. F., Parr, M. J., Patocka, C., Pellegrino, J. L., Perkins, G. D., Perlman, J. M., Rabi, Y., Reis, A. G., Reynolds, J. C., Ristagno, G., Rodriguez-Nunez, A., Roehr, C. C., Rudiger, M., Sakamoto, T., Sandroni, Claudio, Sawyer, T. L., Schexnayder, S. M., Schmolzer, G. M., Schnaubelt, S., Semeraro, F., Skrifvars, M. B., Smith, C. M., Sugiura, T., Tijssen, J. A., Trevisanuto, D., Van De Voorde, P., Wang, T. -L., Weiner, G. M., Wyllie, J. P., Yang, C. -W., Yeung, J., Nolan, J. P., Berg, K. M., Burdick, M. C., Cartledge, S., Dawson, J. A., Elgohary, M. M., Ersdal, H. L., Finan, E., Flaatten, H. I., Flores, G. E., Fuerch, J., Garg, R., Gately, C., Goh, M., Halamek, L. P., Handley, A. J., Hatanaka, T., Hoover, A., Issa, M., Johnson, S., Kamlin, C. O., Ko, Y. -C., Kule, A., Leone, T. A., Mackenzie, E., Macneil, F., Montgomery, W., O'Dochartaigh, D., Ohshimo, S., Palazzo, F. S., Picard, C., Quek, B. H., Raitt, J., Ramaswamy, V. V., Scapigliati, Andrea, Shah, B. A., Stewart, C., Strand, M. L., Szyld, E., Thio, M., Topjian, A. A., Udaeta, E., Vaillancourt, C., Wetsch, W. A., Wigginton, J., Yamada, N. K., Yao, S., Zace, D., Zelop, C. M., Sandroni C. (ORCID:0000-0002-8878-2611), Scapigliati A. (ORCID:0000-0002-4044-2343), Wyckoff, M. H., Greif, R., Morley, P. T., Ng, K. -C., Olasveengen, T. M., Singletary, E. M., Soar, J., Cheng, A., Drennan, I. R., Liley, H. G., Scholefield, B. R., Smyth, M. A., Welsford, M., Zideman, D. A., Acworth, J., Aickin, R., Andersen, L. W., Atkins, D., Berry, D. C., Bhanji, F., Bierens, J., Borra, V., Bottiger, B. W., Bradley, R. N., Bray, J. E., Breckwoldt, J., Callaway, C. W., Carlson, J. N., Cassan, P., Castren, M., Chang, W. -T., Charlton, N. P., Chung, S. P., Considine, J., Costa-Nobre, D. T., Couper, K., Couto, T. B., Dainty, K. N., Davis, P. G., De Almeida, M. F., De Caen, A. R., Deakin, C. D., Djarv, T., Donnino, M. W., Douma, M. J., Duff, J. P., Dunne, C. L., Eastwood, K., El-Naggar, W., Fabres, J. G., Fawke, J., Finn, J., Foglia, E. E., Folke, F., Gilfoyle, E., Goolsby, C. A., Granfeldt, A., Guerguerian, A. -M., Guinsburg, R., Hirsch, K. G., Holmberg, M. J., Hosono, S., Hsieh, M. -J., Hsu, C. H., Ikeyama, T., Isayama, T., Johnson, N. J., Kapadia, V. S., Kawakami, M. D., Kim, H. -S., Kleinman, M., Kloeck, D. A., Kudenchuk, P. J., Lagina, A. T., Lauridsen, K. G., Lavonas, E. J., Lee, H. C., Lin, Y. (., Lockey, A. S., Maconochie, I. K., Madar, R. J., Malta Hansen, C., Masterson, S., Matsuyama, T., Mckinlay, C. J. D., Meyran, D., Morgan, P., Morrison, L. J., Nadkarni, V., Nakwa, F. L., Nation, K. J., Nehme, Z., Nemeth, M., Neumar, R. W., Nicholson, T., Nikolaou, N., Nishiyama, C., Norii, T., Nuthall, G. A., O'Neill, B. J., Ong, Y. -K. G., Orkin, A. M., Paiva, E. F., Parr, M. J., Patocka, C., Pellegrino, J. L., Perkins, G. D., Perlman, J. M., Rabi, Y., Reis, A. G., Reynolds, J. C., Ristagno, G., Rodriguez-Nunez, A., Roehr, C. C., Rudiger, M., Sakamoto, T., Sandroni, Claudio, Sawyer, T. L., Schexnayder, S. M., Schmolzer, G. M., Schnaubelt, S., Semeraro, F., Skrifvars, M. B., Smith, C. M., Sugiura, T., Tijssen, J. A., Trevisanuto, D., Van De Voorde, P., Wang, T. -L., Weiner, G. M., Wyllie, J. P., Yang, C. -W., Yeung, J., Nolan, J. P., Berg, K. M., Burdick, M. C., Cartledge, S., Dawson, J. A., Elgohary, M. M., Ersdal, H. L., Finan, E., Flaatten, H. I., Flores, G. E., Fuerch, J., Garg, R., Gately, C., Goh, M., Halamek, L. P., Handley, A. J., Hatanaka, T., Hoover, A., Issa, M., Johnson, S., Kamlin, C. O., Ko, Y. -C., Kule, A., Leone, T. A., Mackenzie, E., Macneil, F., Montgomery, W., O'Dochartaigh, D., Ohshimo, S., Palazzo, F. S., Picard, C., Quek, B. H., Raitt, J., Ramaswamy, V. V., Scapigliati, Andrea, Shah, B. A., Stewart, C., Strand, M. L., Szyld, E., Thio, M., Topjian, A. A., Udaeta, E., Vaillancourt, C., Wetsch, W. A., Wigginton, J., Yamada, N. K., Yao, S., Zace, D., Zelop, C. M., Sandroni C. (ORCID:0000-0002-8878-2611), and Scapigliati A. (ORCID:0000-0002-4044-2343)

Abstract

This is the sixth annual summary of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations. This summary addresses the most recently published resuscitation evidence reviewed by International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation Task Force science experts. Topics covered by systematic reviews include cardiopulmonary resuscitation during transport; approach to resuscitation after drowning; passive ventilation; minimizing pauses during cardiopulmonary resuscitation; temperature management after cardiac arrest; use of diagnostic point-of-care ultrasound during cardiac arrest; use of vasopressin and corticosteroids during cardiac arrest; coronary angiography after cardiac arrest; public-access defibrillation devices for children; pediatric early warning systems; maintaining normal temperature immediately after birth; suctioning of amniotic fluid at birth; tactile stimulation for resuscitation immediately after birth; use of continuous positive airway pressure for respiratory distress at term birth; respiratory and heart rate monitoring in the delivery room; supraglottic airway use in neonates; prearrest prediction of in-hospital cardiac arrest mortality; basic life support training for likely rescuers of high-risk populations; effect of resuscitation team training; blended learning for life support training; training and recertification for resuscitation instructors; and recovery position for maintenance of breathing and prevention of cardiac arrest. Members from 6 task forces have assessed, discussed, and debated the quality of the evidence using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation criteria and generated consensus treatment recommendations. Insights into the deliberations of the task forces are provided in the Justification and Evidence-to-Decision Framework Highlights sections, and priority knowledge gaps for futu

Published
2022

19. 2021 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations: Summary From the Basic Life Support; Advanced Life Support; Neonatal Life Support; Education, Implementation, and Teams; First Aid Task Forces; and the COVID-19 Working Group

Author

Wyckoff, M. H., Singletary, E. M., Soar, J., Olasveengen, T. M., Greif, R., Liley, H. G., Zideman, D., Bhanji, F., Andersen, L. W., Avis, S. R., Aziz, K., Bendall, J. C., Berry, D. C., Borra, V., Bottiger, B. W., Bradley, R., Bray, J. E., Breckwoldt, J., Carlson, J. N., Cassan, P., Castren, M., Chang, W. -T., Charlton, N. P., Cheng, A., Chung, S. P., Considine, J., Costa-Nobre, D. T., Couper, K., Dainty, K. N., Davis, P. G., de Almeida, M. F., de Caen, A. R., de Paiva, E. F., Deakin, C. D., Djarv, T., Douma, M. J., Drennan, I. R., Duff, J. P., Eastwood, K. J., El-Naggar, W., Epstein, J. L., Escalante, R., Fabres, J. G., Fawke, J., Finn, J. C., Foglia, E. E., Folke, F., Freeman, K., Gilfoyle, E., Goolsby, C. A., Grove, A., Guinsburg, R., Hatanaka, T., Hazinski, M. F., Heriot, G. S., Hirsch, K. G., Holmberg, M. J., Hosono, S., Hsieh, M. -J., Hung, K. K. C., Hsu, C. H., Ikeyama, T., Isayama, T., Kapadia, V. S., Kawakami, M. D., Kim, H. -S., Kloeck, D. A., Kudenchuk, P. J., Lagina, A. T., Lauridsen, K. G., Lavonas, E. J., Lockey, A. S., Malta Hansen, C., Markenson, D., Matsuyama, T., Mckinlay, C. J. D., Mehrabian, A., Merchant, R. M., Meyran, D., Morley, P. T., Morrison, L. J., Nation, K. J., Nemeth, M., Neumar, R. W., Nicholson, T., Niermeyer, S., Nikolaou, N., Nishiyama, C., O'Neil, B. J., Orkin, A. M., Osemeke, O., Parr, M. J., Patocka, C., Pellegrino, J. L., Perkins, G. D., Perlman, J. M., Rabi, Y., Reynolds, J. C., Ristagno, G., Roehr, C. C., Sakamoto, T., Sandroni, Claudio, Sawyer, T., Schmolzer, G. M., Schnaubelt, S., Semeraro, F., Skrifvars, M. B., Smith, C. M., Smyth, M. A., Soll, R. F., Sugiura, T., Taylor-Phillips, S., Trevisanuto, D., Vaillancourt, C., Wang, T. -L., Weiner, G. M., Welsford, M., Wigginton, J., Wyllie, J. P., Yeung, J., Nolan, J. P., Berg, K. M., Abelairas-Gomez, C., Barcala-Furelos, R., Beerman, S. B., Bierens, J., Cacciola, Sofia, Cellini, J., Claesson, A., Court, R., D'Arrigo, Sonia, De Brier, N., Dunne, C. L., Elsenga, H. E., Johnson, S., Kleven, G., Maconochie, I., Mecrow, T., Morgan, P., Otto, Q., Palmieri, T. L., Parnia, S., Pawar, R., Pereira, J., Rudd, S., Scapigliati, Andrea, Schmidt, A., Seesink, J., Sempsrott, J. R., Szpilman, D., Warner, D. S., Webber, J. B., West, R. L., Sandroni C. (ORCID:0000-0002-8878-2611), Cacciola S., D'Arrigo S. (ORCID:0000-0001-6740-3195), Scapigliati A. (ORCID:0000-0002-4044-2343), Wyckoff, M. H., Singletary, E. M., Soar, J., Olasveengen, T. M., Greif, R., Liley, H. G., Zideman, D., Bhanji, F., Andersen, L. W., Avis, S. R., Aziz, K., Bendall, J. C., Berry, D. C., Borra, V., Bottiger, B. W., Bradley, R., Bray, J. E., Breckwoldt, J., Carlson, J. N., Cassan, P., Castren, M., Chang, W. -T., Charlton, N. P., Cheng, A., Chung, S. P., Considine, J., Costa-Nobre, D. T., Couper, K., Dainty, K. N., Davis, P. G., de Almeida, M. F., de Caen, A. R., de Paiva, E. F., Deakin, C. D., Djarv, T., Douma, M. J., Drennan, I. R., Duff, J. P., Eastwood, K. J., El-Naggar, W., Epstein, J. L., Escalante, R., Fabres, J. G., Fawke, J., Finn, J. C., Foglia, E. E., Folke, F., Freeman, K., Gilfoyle, E., Goolsby, C. A., Grove, A., Guinsburg, R., Hatanaka, T., Hazinski, M. F., Heriot, G. S., Hirsch, K. G., Holmberg, M. J., Hosono, S., Hsieh, M. -J., Hung, K. K. C., Hsu, C. H., Ikeyama, T., Isayama, T., Kapadia, V. S., Kawakami, M. D., Kim, H. -S., Kloeck, D. A., Kudenchuk, P. J., Lagina, A. T., Lauridsen, K. G., Lavonas, E. J., Lockey, A. S., Malta Hansen, C., Markenson, D., Matsuyama, T., Mckinlay, C. J. D., Mehrabian, A., Merchant, R. M., Meyran, D., Morley, P. T., Morrison, L. J., Nation, K. J., Nemeth, M., Neumar, R. W., Nicholson, T., Niermeyer, S., Nikolaou, N., Nishiyama, C., O'Neil, B. J., Orkin, A. M., Osemeke, O., Parr, M. J., Patocka, C., Pellegrino, J. L., Perkins, G. D., Perlman, J. M., Rabi, Y., Reynolds, J. C., Ristagno, G., Roehr, C. C., Sakamoto, T., Sandroni, Claudio, Sawyer, T., Schmolzer, G. M., Schnaubelt, S., Semeraro, F., Skrifvars, M. B., Smith, C. M., Smyth, M. A., Soll, R. F., Sugiura, T., Taylor-Phillips, S., Trevisanuto, D., Vaillancourt, C., Wang, T. -L., Weiner, G. M., Welsford, M., Wigginton, J., Wyllie, J. P., Yeung, J., Nolan, J. P., Berg, K. M., Abelairas-Gomez, C., Barcala-Furelos, R., Beerman, S. B., Bierens, J., Cacciola, Sofia, Cellini, J., Claesson, A., Court, R., D'Arrigo, Sonia, De Brier, N., Dunne, C. L., Elsenga, H. E., Johnson, S., Kleven, G., Maconochie, I., Mecrow, T., Morgan, P., Otto, Q., Palmieri, T. L., Parnia, S., Pawar, R., Pereira, J., Rudd, S., Scapigliati, Andrea, Schmidt, A., Seesink, J., Sempsrott, J. R., Szpilman, D., Warner, D. S., Webber, J. B., West, R. L., Sandroni C. (ORCID:0000-0002-8878-2611), Cacciola S., D'Arrigo S. (ORCID:0000-0001-6740-3195), and Scapigliati A. (ORCID:0000-0002-4044-2343)

Abstract

The International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation initiated a continuous review of new, peer-reviewed published cardiopulmonary resuscitation science. This is the fifth annual summary of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations; a more comprehensive review was done in 2020. This latest summary addresses the most recently published resuscitation evidence reviewed by International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation task force science experts. Topics covered by systematic reviews in this summary include resuscitation topics of video-based dispatch systems; head-up cardiopulmonary resuscitation; early coronary angiography after return of spontaneous circulation; cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the prone patient; cord management at birth for preterm and term infants; devices for administering positive-pressure ventilation at birth; family presence during neonatal resuscitation; self-directed, digitally based basic life support education and training in adults and children; coronavirus disease 2019 infection risk to rescuers from patients in cardiac arrest; and first aid topics, including cooling with water for thermal burns, oral rehydration for exertional dehydration, pediatric tourniquet use, and methods of tick removal. Members from 6 International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation task forces have assessed, discussed, and debated the quality of the evidence, according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation criteria, and their statements include consensus treatment recommendations or good practice statements. Insights into the deliberations of the task forces are provided in Justification and Evidence-to-Decision Framework Highlights sections. In addition, the task forces listed priority knowledge gaps for further research.

Published
2021

32. 2019 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science with Treatment Recommendations: Summary from the Basic Life Support; Advanced Life Support; Pediatric Life Support; Neonatal Life Support; Education, Implementation, and Teams; And First Aid Task Forces

Author

Soar, J., Maconochie, I., Wyckoff, M. H., Olasveengen, T. M., Singletary, E. M., Greif, R., Aickin, R., Bhanji, F., Donnino, M. W., Mancini, M. E., Wyllie, J. P., Zideman, D., Andersen, L. W., Atkins, D. L., Aziz, K., Bendall, J., Berg, K. M., Berry, D. C., Bigham, B. L., Bingham, R., Couto, T. B., Bottiger, B. W., Borra, V., Bray, J. E., Breckwoldt, J., Brooks, S. C., Buick, J., Callaway, C. W., Carlson, J. N., Cassan, P., Castren, M., Chang, W. -T., Charlton, N. P., Cheng, A., Chung, S. P., Considine, J., Couper, K., Dainty, K. N., Dawson, J. A., De Almeida, M. F., De Caen, A. R., Deakin, C. D., Drennan, I. R., Duff, J. P., Epstein, J. L., Escalante, R., Gazmuri, R. J., Gilfoyle, E., Granfeldt, A., Guerguerian, A. -M., Guinsburg, R., Hatanaka, T., Holmberg, M. J., Hood, N., Hosono, S., Hsieh, M. -J., Isayama, T., Iwami, T., Jensen, J. L., Kapadia, V., Kim, H. -S., Kleinman, M. E., Kudenchuk, P. J., Lang, E., Lavonas, E., Liley, H., Lim, S. H., Lockey, A., Lofgren, B., Ma, M. H. -M., Markenson, D., Meaney, P. A., Meyran, D., Mildenhall, L., Monsieurs, K. G., Montgomery, W., Morley, P. T., Morrison, L. J., Nadkarni, V. M., Nation, K., Neumar, R. W., Ng, K. -C., Nicholson, T., Nikolaou, N., Nishiyama, C., Nuthall, G., Ohshimo, S., Okamoto, D., O'Neil, B., Yong-Kwang Ong, G., Paiva, E. F., Parr, M., Pellegrino, J. L., Perkins, G. D., Perlman, J., Rabi, Y., Reis, A., Reynolds, J. C., Ristagno, G., Roehr, C. C., Sakamoto, T., Sandroni, Claudio, Schexnayder, S. M., Scholefield, B. R., Shimizu, N., Skrifvars, M. B., Smyth, M. A., Stanton, D., Swain, J., Szyld, E., Tijssen, J., Travers, A., Trevisanuto, D., Vaillancourt, C., Van De Voorde, P., Velaphi, S., Wang, T. -L., Weiner, G., Welsford, M., Woodin, J. A., Yeung, J., Nolan, J. P., Fran Hazinski, M., Sandroni C. (ORCID:0000-0002-8878-2611), Soar, J., Maconochie, I., Wyckoff, M. H., Olasveengen, T. M., Singletary, E. M., Greif, R., Aickin, R., Bhanji, F., Donnino, M. W., Mancini, M. E., Wyllie, J. P., Zideman, D., Andersen, L. W., Atkins, D. L., Aziz, K., Bendall, J., Berg, K. M., Berry, D. C., Bigham, B. L., Bingham, R., Couto, T. B., Bottiger, B. W., Borra, V., Bray, J. E., Breckwoldt, J., Brooks, S. C., Buick, J., Callaway, C. W., Carlson, J. N., Cassan, P., Castren, M., Chang, W. -T., Charlton, N. P., Cheng, A., Chung, S. P., Considine, J., Couper, K., Dainty, K. N., Dawson, J. A., De Almeida, M. F., De Caen, A. R., Deakin, C. D., Drennan, I. R., Duff, J. P., Epstein, J. L., Escalante, R., Gazmuri, R. J., Gilfoyle, E., Granfeldt, A., Guerguerian, A. -M., Guinsburg, R., Hatanaka, T., Holmberg, M. J., Hood, N., Hosono, S., Hsieh, M. -J., Isayama, T., Iwami, T., Jensen, J. L., Kapadia, V., Kim, H. -S., Kleinman, M. E., Kudenchuk, P. J., Lang, E., Lavonas, E., Liley, H., Lim, S. H., Lockey, A., Lofgren, B., Ma, M. H. -M., Markenson, D., Meaney, P. A., Meyran, D., Mildenhall, L., Monsieurs, K. G., Montgomery, W., Morley, P. T., Morrison, L. J., Nadkarni, V. M., Nation, K., Neumar, R. W., Ng, K. -C., Nicholson, T., Nikolaou, N., Nishiyama, C., Nuthall, G., Ohshimo, S., Okamoto, D., O'Neil, B., Yong-Kwang Ong, G., Paiva, E. F., Parr, M., Pellegrino, J. L., Perkins, G. D., Perlman, J., Rabi, Y., Reis, A., Reynolds, J. C., Ristagno, G., Roehr, C. C., Sakamoto, T., Sandroni, Claudio, Schexnayder, S. M., Scholefield, B. R., Shimizu, N., Skrifvars, M. B., Smyth, M. A., Stanton, D., Swain, J., Szyld, E., Tijssen, J., Travers, A., Trevisanuto, D., Vaillancourt, C., Van De Voorde, P., Velaphi, S., Wang, T. -L., Weiner, G., Welsford, M., Woodin, J. A., Yeung, J., Nolan, J. P., Fran Hazinski, M., and Sandroni C. (ORCID:0000-0002-8878-2611)

Abstract

The International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation has initiated a continuous review of new, peer-reviewed, published cardiopulmonary resuscitation science. This is the third annual summary of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations. It addresses the most recent published resuscitation evidence reviewed by International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation Task Force science experts. This summary addresses the role of cardiac arrest centers and dispatcher-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation, the role of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation in adults and children, vasopressors in adults, advanced airway interventions in adults and children, targeted temperature management in children after cardiac arrest, initial oxygen concentration during resuscitation of newborns, and interventions for presyncope by first aid providers. Members from 6 International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation task forces have assessed, discussed, and debated the certainty of the evidence on the basis of the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation criteria, and their statements include consensus treatment recommendations. Insights into the deliberations of the task forces are provided in the Justification and Evidence to Decision Framework Highlights sections. The task forces also listed priority knowledge gaps for further research.

Published
2019

33. 2019 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations

Author

Soar, J., Maconochie, I., Wyckoff, M. H., Olasveengen, T. M., Singletary, E. M., Greif, R., Aickin, R., Bhanji, F., Donnino, M. W., Mancini, M. E., Wyllie, J. P., Zideman, D., Andersen, L. W., Atkins, D. L., Aziz, K., Bendall, J., Berg, K. M., Berry, D. C., Bigham, B. L., Bingham, R., Couto, T. B., Bottiger, B. W., Borra, V., Bray, J. E., Breckwoldt, J., Brooks, S. C., Buick, J., Callaway, C. W., Carlson, J. N., Cassan, P., Castren, M., Chang, W. -T., Charlton, N. P., Cheng, A., Chung, S. P., Considine, J., Couper, K., Dainty, K. N., Dawson, J. A., de Almeida, M. F., de Caen, A. R., Deakin, C. D., Drennan, I. R., Duff, J. P., Epstein, J. L., Escalante, R., Gazmuri, R. J., Gilfoyle, E., Granfeldt, A., Guerguerian, A. -M., Guinsburg, R., Hatanaka, T., Holmberg, M. J., Hood, N., Hosono, S., Hsieh, M. -J., Isayama, T., Iwami, T., Jensen, J. L., Kapadia, V., Kim, H. -S., Kleinman, M. E., Kudenchuk, P. J., Lang, E., Lavonas, E., Liley, H., Lim, S. H., Lockey, A., Lofgren, B., Ma, M. H. -M., Markenson, D., Meaney, P. A., Meyran, D., Mildenhall, L., Monsieurs, K. G., Montgomery, W., Morley, P. T., Morrison, L. J., Nadkarni, V. M., Nation, K., Neumar, R. W., Ng, K. -C., Nicholson, T., Nikolaou, N., Nishiyama, C., Nuthall, G., Ohshimo, S., Okamoto, D., O'Neil, B., Ong, G. Y. -K., Paiva, E. F., Parr, M., Pellegrino, J. L., Perkins, G. D., Perlman, J., Rabi, Y., Reis, A., Reynolds, J. C., Ristagno, G., Roehr, C. C., Sakamoto, T., Sandroni, C., Schexnayder, S. M., Scholefield, B. R., Shimizu, N., Skrifvars, M. B., Smyth, M. A., Stanton, D., Swain, J., Szyld, E., Tijssen, J., Travers, A., Trevisanuto, D., Vaillancourt, C., Van de Voorde, P., Velaphi, S., Wang, T. -L., Weiner, G., Welsford, M., Woodin, J. A., Yeung, J., Nolan, J. P., Hazinski, M. F., Sandroni C. (ORCID:0000-0002-8878-2611), Soar, J., Maconochie, I., Wyckoff, M. H., Olasveengen, T. M., Singletary, E. M., Greif, R., Aickin, R., Bhanji, F., Donnino, M. W., Mancini, M. E., Wyllie, J. P., Zideman, D., Andersen, L. W., Atkins, D. L., Aziz, K., Bendall, J., Berg, K. M., Berry, D. C., Bigham, B. L., Bingham, R., Couto, T. B., Bottiger, B. W., Borra, V., Bray, J. E., Breckwoldt, J., Brooks, S. C., Buick, J., Callaway, C. W., Carlson, J. N., Cassan, P., Castren, M., Chang, W. -T., Charlton, N. P., Cheng, A., Chung, S. P., Considine, J., Couper, K., Dainty, K. N., Dawson, J. A., de Almeida, M. F., de Caen, A. R., Deakin, C. D., Drennan, I. R., Duff, J. P., Epstein, J. L., Escalante, R., Gazmuri, R. J., Gilfoyle, E., Granfeldt, A., Guerguerian, A. -M., Guinsburg, R., Hatanaka, T., Holmberg, M. J., Hood, N., Hosono, S., Hsieh, M. -J., Isayama, T., Iwami, T., Jensen, J. L., Kapadia, V., Kim, H. -S., Kleinman, M. E., Kudenchuk, P. J., Lang, E., Lavonas, E., Liley, H., Lim, S. H., Lockey, A., Lofgren, B., Ma, M. H. -M., Markenson, D., Meaney, P. A., Meyran, D., Mildenhall, L., Monsieurs, K. G., Montgomery, W., Morley, P. T., Morrison, L. J., Nadkarni, V. M., Nation, K., Neumar, R. W., Ng, K. -C., Nicholson, T., Nikolaou, N., Nishiyama, C., Nuthall, G., Ohshimo, S., Okamoto, D., O'Neil, B., Ong, G. Y. -K., Paiva, E. F., Parr, M., Pellegrino, J. L., Perkins, G. D., Perlman, J., Rabi, Y., Reis, A., Reynolds, J. C., Ristagno, G., Roehr, C. C., Sakamoto, T., Sandroni, C., Schexnayder, S. M., Scholefield, B. R., Shimizu, N., Skrifvars, M. B., Smyth, M. A., Stanton, D., Swain, J., Szyld, E., Tijssen, J., Travers, A., Trevisanuto, D., Vaillancourt, C., Van de Voorde, P., Velaphi, S., Wang, T. -L., Weiner, G., Welsford, M., Woodin, J. A., Yeung, J., Nolan, J. P., Hazinski, M. F., and Sandroni C. (ORCID:0000-0002-8878-2611)

Abstract

The International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation has initiated a continuous review of new, peer-reviewed, published cardiopulmonary resuscitation science. This is the third annual summary of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations. It addresses the most recent published resuscitation evidence reviewed by International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation Task Force science experts. This summary addresses the role of cardiac arrest centers and dispatcher-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation, the role of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation in adults and children, vasopressors in adults, advanced airway interventions in adults and children, targeted temperature management in children after cardiac arrest, initial oxygen concentration during resuscitation of newborns, and interventions for presyncope by first aid providers. Members from 6 International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation task forces have assessed, discussed, and debated the certainty of the evidence on the basis of the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation criteria, and their statements include consensus treatment recommendations. Insights into the deliberations of the task forces are provided in the Justification and Evidence to Decision Framework Highlights sections. The task forces also listed priority knowledge gaps for further research.

Published
2019

36. Village Alcohol Control and the Local Option Law. A Report to the Alaska State Legislature.

Author

Alaska Univ., Anchorage. Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies., Lonner, Thomas D., and Duff, J. Kenneth

Abstract

This is a report on Alaska's "local option law" which allows villages to choose one of the following four options on alcohol availability in their communities: (1) the sale of alcoholic beverages is prohibited unless sold under a community liquor license; (2) the sale of alcoholic beverages is limited to one of several types of retail licenses such as a restaurant wine license; (3) the sale of alcoholic beverages is prohibited; and (4) the sale and importation of alcoholic beverages is prohibited. Since effects of the law are not yet known, the purpose of this study was not to evaluate the law's effects but rather to enhance the information available to villages and to guide the design of future evaluations. The report includes discussions of the history of alcohol control in Bush Alaska; community purposes and the local option law; village character, alcohol use, and control history; alcohol use patterns and regional hubs; sources of village controls; village control and state control; exercise of formal village controls; form and limitations of local ordinances governing alcohol; village control of alcohol; community conflict on the local optin law; and changes in village life since the local option law. (ABL)

Published
1983

37. Spindle Cell Tumor in a Brown Long-Eared Bat (Plecotus auritus).

Author

Barlow, Alex M., Schock, Alex, Duff, J. Paul, Brooks Brownlie, Harriet W., Bemment, George, and Irvine, Richard M.

Abstract

Most reports of neoplasia in bats are in captive Egyptian fruit bats (Rousettus aegyptiacus), a megachiropteran species. Only three reports of neoplasia in microchiropteran species have been reported. We report the detection of a tumor in a wild brown long-eared bat (Plecotus auritus), a microchiropteran species, in England. Histolopathology indicated the mass was a spindle cell tumor, likely of smooth muscle origin, which was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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38. RECENT CHANGES IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN EUROPEAN WILDLIFE.

Author

Yon, Lisa, Duff, J. Paul, Ågren, Erik O., Erdélyi, Károly, Ferroglio, Ezio, Godfroid, Jacques, Hars, Jean, Hestvik, Gete, Horton, Daniel, Kuiken, Thijs, Lavazza, Antonio, Markowska-Daniel, Iwona, Martel, An, Neimanis, Aleksija, Pasmans, Frank, Price, Stephen J., Ruiz-Fons, Francisco, Ryser-Degiorgis, Marie-Pierre, Widén, Frederik, and Gavier-Widén, Dolores

Abstract

Many infectious diseases originating from, or carried by, wildlife affect wildlife conservation and biodiversity, livestock health, or human health. We provide an update on changes in the epidemiology of 25 selected infectious, wildlife-related diseases in Europe (from 2010-16) that had an impact, or may have a future impact, on the health of wildlife, livestock, and humans. These pathogens were selected based on their: 1) identification in recent Europe-wide projects as important surveillance targets, 2) inclusion in European Union legislation as pathogens requiring obligatory surveillance, 3) presence in recent literature on wildlife-related diseases in Europe since 2010, 4) inclusion in key pathogen lists released by the Office International des Epizooties, 5) identification in conference presentations and informal discussions on a group email list by a European network of wildlife disease scientists from the European Wildlife Disease Association, or 6) identification as pathogens with changes in their epidemiology during 2010-16. The wildlife pathogens or diseases included in this review are: avian influenza virus, seal influenza virus, lagoviruses, rabies virus, bat lyssaviruses, filoviruses, canine distemper virus, morbilliviruses in aquatic mammals, bluetongue virus, West Nile virus, hantaviruses, Schmallenberg virus, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus, African swine fever virus, amphibian ranavirus, hepatitis E virus, bovine tuberculosis (Mycobacterium bovis), tularemia (Francisella tularensis), brucellosis (Brucella spp.), salmonellosis (Salmonella spp.), Coxiella burnetii, chytridiomycosis, Echinococcus multilocularis, Leishmania infantum, and chronic wasting disease. Further work is needed to identify all of the key drivers of disease change and emergence, as they appear to be influencing the incidence and spread of these pathogens in Europe. We present a summary of these recent changes during 2010-16 to discuss possible commonalities and drivers of disease change and to identify directions for future work on wildlife-related diseases in Europe. Many of the pathogens are entering Europe from other continents while others are expanding their ranges inside and beyond Europe. Surveillance for these wildlife-related diseases at a continental scale is therefore important for planet-wide assessment, awareness of, and preparedness for the risks they may pose to wildlife, domestic animal, and human health [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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40. Who You Callin' Boy?

Author

Duff, J. D.

Subjects
WHO You Callin' Boy? (Poem), DUFF, J. D.
Published
2019

41. Part 11: Pediatric Basic Life Support and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Quality: 2015 American Heart Association Guidelines Update for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care (Reprint)

Author

Atkins, D. L., primary, Berger, S., additional, Duff, J. P., additional, Gonzales, J. C., additional, Hunt, E. A., additional, Joyner, B. L., additional, Meaney, P. A., additional, Niles, D. E., additional, Samson, R. A., additional, and Schexnayder, S. M., additional

Published
2015
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43. Perioperative, local and systemic warming in surgical site infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Author

Ousey, K., Edward, K-L., Lui, S., Stephenson, J., Walker, K., Duff, J., and Leaper, D.

Abstract

Objective:Surgical site infection (SSI) is a common cause of postoperative morbidity. Perioperative hypothermia may contribute to surgical complications including increased risk of SSI. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, the effectiveness of active and passive perioperative warming interventions to prevent SSI was compared with standard (non-warming) care.Method:Ovid MEDLINE; Ovid EMBASE; EBSCO CINAHL Plus; The Cochrane Wounds Specialised Register, and The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched, with no restrictions on language, publication date or study setting for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and cluster RCTs. Adult patients undergoing elective or emergency surgery under general anaesthesia, receiving any active or passive warming intervention perioperatively were included. Selection, risk of bias assessment and data extraction were performed by two review authors, independently. Outcomes studied were SSI (primary outcome), inpatient mortality, hospital length of stay and pain (secondary outcomes).Results:We identified four studies, including 769 patients. The risk ratio (RR) for SSI in warming groups was 0.36 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.23, 0.56; p<0. 001]. Length of hospitalisation was 1.13 days less in warming groups [95% CI: −3.07, 5.33; p=0.600]. The RR for mortality in the warming groups was 0.77 [95% CI: 0.17, 3.43; p=0.730]. A meta-analysis for pain outcome could not be conducted.Conclusion:This review provides evidence in favour of active warming to prevent SSI, but insufficient evidence of active warming to reduce length of hospital stay and mortality. Benefits of passive warming remain unclear and warrant further research.

Published
2017
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44. Elucidating white-etching matter through high-strain rate tensile testing

Author

Solano-Alvarez, W., Duff, J., Smith, M. C., and Bhadeshia, H. K. D. H.

Abstract

A form of damage in bearing steels subjected to rolling contact fatigue is the formation of localised regions of white material just below the contact surface. These ‘white-etching regions’ are strikingly visible signs of damage during metallographic examination. One mechanism proposed to explain their formation is adiabatic shear localisation. Experiments are reported here using high-strain rate (250 s−1) tensile testing to show that this is not the case.

Published
2017
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47. Surveillance for West Nile virus in British birds (2001 to 2006)

Author

Phipps, L. P., primary, Duff, J. P., additional, Holmes, J. P., additional, Gough, R. E., additional, McCracken, F., additional, McElhinney, L. M., additional, Johnson, N., additional, Hughes, L., additional, Chantrey, J., additional, Pennycott, T., additional, Murray, K. O., additional, Brown, I. H., additional, and Fooks, A. R., additional

Published
2008
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