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The aesthetic aspect of product packaging is a well-known factor in attracting consumers’ attention. One of the most common ways in achieving the aesthetic appearance of the packaging is applying graphic design principles. The purpose of the study was to explore how people perceive the attractiveness of tea packaging with different levels of graphic design principles applied. The graphic design principles applied on the packaging were: contrast, dominance, alignment, symmetry, consistency and colour harmony. The manipulation of these principles resulted in three different packaging samples that were tested: aesthetic packaging, partially-aesthetic packaging and non-aesthetic packaging. The participants’ tasks were to rate the attractiveness of each of the packaging samples and to select the one which they would like to buy. The statistical analysis showed that the results of both tests (rating and choice task) were consistent, indicating that the aesthetic packaging was appreciated the most, followed by the partially-aesthetic packaging and the non-aesthetic packaging. These results were the same even when taking into account whether the beauty of the packaging was important to the participants or not. The findings support the idea of using graphic design principles in packaging design whenever applicable.

Appropriate labeling and flexible packaging plays an important role on the today`s demands. There is diverse possibilities especially related to polymeric materials. Flexible packaging means to consider options such as OPP (Oriented Polypropylene), PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride), OPS (Oriented Polystyrene), PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate) or all kind of self-adhensive paper and foil types. Special highlight are the "Shrink Sleeve" labels that meet the most demanding market challenges. Its capabilities are beneficial. Laminated packaging materials are functional. Both constitute protection and packaging capacity. Coefficient of friction is the value that serves to meet the standard of how the flexible packaging material will glide and move on the packaging machine. This research is focused on the optimum quality of the packaging production process to meet all the preconditions for implementation of the semifinished product packaging and to avoid difficulties and possible stoppages on the packaging machine itself.

The number of counterfeit banknotes in the world is increasing every year. Since it is much easier to forge banknote with a similar visual characteristic as the original than to produce a banknote with the identical chemical composition as the original, FT-IR spectroscopy is great solution for the genuine validation. The pa-per will look at the similarities and differences between counterfeit and original banknotes with respect to the materials used. The emphasis will be on euro banknotes ; therefore, the characteristic areas of the recorded spectra will be adjusted to the security elements of the given currency. The paper confirmed that FTIR spectroscopy is a suitable method for non-destructive measurements and allows for easy identification of counterfeits.

Rectangles are the most common packaging shapes. Their stability under compression can vary according to different types of paperboard as well as panels ratios. Rectangular shapes have advantages in transportation and production but are not the only shapes that paperboard packaging has to offer. This paper investigates seven packaging shapes with different cross-sections while keeping the same height and amount of material used. The tested shapes were made with two types of paperboard (with recycled fibre and virgin pulp) and different grammage. The testing was conducted using a modified Crush Test (Lorentzen & Wettre Crush Tester). The results showed that cylinder shape has the most compression resistance while triangular prism and rectangular prism (1:4 panel ratio) the least. Testing rectangles with different panel ratios together with the results of other shapes led to the conclusion that compression resistance mainly depends on the size of the panel. If a shape has larger (less number of) panels it has less resistance to vertical pressure (stackability).

Perfect bound book is certainly the most used type of book product on the market. The quality of this kind of product can be identified with the binding strength of the book block. There is only one standardized method for book block strength determination and it refers to the static testing of interrupted tensile force required to separate precisely defined leaves within a test sample. In this paper, six groups of book block were investigated, different with regard to paper composition, i.e. the share of primary and recycled fibres and thus the content of ash and calcium carbonate. Furthermore, two binding techniques were used, but all other parameters – volume, format, pressure and drying time, temperature and humidity, were always same and strictly controlled. Based on obtained results, evaluation of finished product quality was performed, depending on paper properties, as well as evaluation of the used binding techniques. By calculating coefficients of variation, a binding technique that allows a more uniform application and guarantees reliability and repeatability of the quality results was chosen, regardless the paper composition.

Test charts are a tool commonly used for the evaluation of colour reproduction system accuracy. They may vary in size and choice of values tested. Within statistical quality control, the importance of random sampling is very often stipulated. However, in the context of the evaluation of colour reproduction system accuracy, samples are very small with respect to the number of possible device inputs. It is therefore very common that practically usable test charts of sizes of a few hundred patches underestimate the maximum error. Including a larger number of critical values such as those at the gamut boundary increases the probability of estimating the maximum error more accurately. However, the sample is no more random and the inclusion of a larger number of critical values inevitably increases the central tendency measures. The aim of this research is to improve the maximum error estimate, while retaining the central tendency estimates within the range of statistically insignificant differences. This is achieved by adding critical values to the chart of sufficient number of patches.

Test charts are a tool commonly used for the evaluation of colour reproduction system accuracy. They may vary in size and choice of values tested. Within statistical quality control, the importance of random sampling is very often stipulated. However, in the context of the evaluation of colour reproduction system accuracy, samples are very small with respect to the number of possible device inputs. It is therefore very common that practically usable test charts of sizes of a few hundred patches underestimate the maximum error. Including a larger number of critical values such as those at the gamut boundary increases the probability of estimating the maximum error more accurately. However, the sample is no more random and the inclusion of a larger number of critical values inevitably increases the central tendency measures. The aim of this research is to improve the maximum error estimate, while retaining the central tendency estimates within the range of statistically insignificant differences. This is achieved by adding critical values to the chart of sufficient number of patches.

The most important criterion for pronouncing a certain production process to be successful is that it produces products of the desired quality level. Attaining quality is the aim of every production process. Achieving superior quality is possible by ensuring that a production process is being conducted under the best possible conditions. Another important step toward quality is employee education. Ensuring the best production conditions and the best education of employees requires enormous investments and does not lead toward optimization because the costs of quality become too high. Printed material has the aim of meeting certain requirements for quality in order to successfully transfer the message to consumers on the competitive market. In the production process of this dynamic, every fault results with delays in delivery and quality reduction. This paper investigates current approach to quality in the graphic arts industry, and elaborates the model of applying knowledge from the field of quality management to the printing industry., Najvažniji kriterij proglašavanja nekog proizvodnog procesa uspješnim je sposobnost tog procesa da proizvede proizvod tražene kvalitete. Postizanje kvalitete je cilj svakog proizvodnog procesa. Superiornu kvalitetu moguće je postići osiguranjem najboljih mogućih uvjeta u kojima se odvija poizvodni proces. Druga važna aktivnost je edukacija kadrova. Osiguranje najboljih mogućih uvjeta i najbolje edukacije kadrova zahtijevaju velika ulaganja pa troškovi kvalitete postaju previsoki. Takav pristup, ako i jest praktično izvediv, ne vodi optimizaciji. Tiskani materijal mora udovoljiti određenim zahtjevima za kvalitetom kako bi na konkurentskom tržištu uspješno prenio poruku potencijalnom kupcu. U tako dinamičnoj proizvodnji kao što je grafička, svaka greška uzrokuje kašnjenje i pad kvalitete. U ovom članku izneseni su rezultati istraživanja trenutačnog stanja u grafičkoj industriji i prijedlog modela implementacije znanja s područja kvalitete u grafičku proizvodnju.

S obzirom na sve veću konkurenciju koja se pojavljuje na svjetskom, ali i hrvatskom tržištu, organizacije će morati pristupiti sistematičnom i profesionalnom organiziranju proizvodnje i usluga. Iz tih razloga pojavljuje se cijeli niz metoda, koncepata i standarda koji nastoje pomoći organizacijama u sustavu upravljanja. U organizacijama koje nastoje obuhvatiti tri bitna elementa za upravljanje uvode se tzv. integrirani sustavi upravljanja: ISO 9001:2000 – Sustav upravljanja kvalitetom; ISO 14001:2004 – Sustav upravljanja zaštitom okoliša i OHSAS 18001 – Sustav upravljanja zdravljem i sigurnošću na radu., In the face of mounting competition on the world and Croatian markest, organizations will have to embark on a systematic and professional reorganization of their production and services. For that reason, a wide range of methods, concepts and standards have emerged in an attempt to assist organizations with their management systems. In organizations that are trying to cover three important elements of management, the so called integrated management systems are being introduced: ISO 9001:2000 – quality management system, ISO 14001:2004 - environmental management system and OHSAS 18001 Occupational health and safety management system. This paper shows the main features of integrated management systems, areas which all management systems have in common, as well as differences among them. It describes the state of management systems in Croatian companies, in particular those related to graphic arts industry.

The purpose of this study is to determine whether there is any correlation between subjective and objective artwork reproductions assessment when using different printing technologies. The investigations are based on reproductions of works of art, which belong to the traditional tonal system of visual representation, characterized by the brightness range of the dominant hue from a certain part of the spectrum. This system appeared in the period of the late Renaissance. Today it is often used for expressing volume in graphic media. As a method for assessing the quality of the reproductions, instrumental measurement and visual evaluation were used. The visual study included formal/methodological characteristics of the artwork. Based on the results, a correlation between objective and subjective approaches has been shown. The results demonstrate that the best quality of color lightness is produced with conventional offset printing and an amplitude modulation screen. These results can be applied in the reproduction of images employing this tonal system of visual representation

In this paper we consider the problem which can appear at the determination of the dynamical stability of the responses of oscillators with discontinuous or steep derivative of the restoring characteristic obtained in the frequency domain. For that purpose, a simple one degree-of-freedom system with piecewise-linear force-displacement relationship subjected to a harmonic excitation is analysed. Stability of the periodic response obtained in the frequency domain by the incremental harmonic balance method is determined by using the Floquet-Liapounov theorem. Confirmation of the results obtained in the frequency domain is done by comparing with the results obtained in the time domain by the method of piecing the exact solutions. Determination of the dynamical stability can be made more reliable by using the proposed plot of maximum modulus of the eigenvalues of the monodromy matrix in dependence of non-dimensional frequency and the number of harmonics included in the supposed approximate solution.

U radu se prikazuje rekonstrukcija tiskovnog sustava koji je korišten u Senjskoj glagoljskoj tiskari osnovanoj 1494. godine. U projektu posebna pažnja posvećuje se autentičnosti povijesnog artefakta. Opisuje se dijagram toka procesa, koji započinje istraživanjem povijesnih izvora i prikupljanjem podataka, slijedi izrada tehničke dokumentacije, izgradnja, testiranje i vrednovanje replike povijesne preše. Rad je upotpunjen crtežima i skicama, te opisima i pojašnjenjima postupka izrade., In the paper was presented the reconstruction of the printing system which was used in Senj glagolitic press established in 1494. In the project special attention was paid to the authenticity of this historical artefact. Here is described a diagram of the flow of the process which begins with research of historical sources and collection of data, then follows the creation of technical documentation, building, testing and evaluation of a replica of the historical press. The work is completed with sketches and drawings, descriptions and explanations of the process of its creation.

Because of limited capabilities of media processing in Flash, visual and sound components of many Flash projects are modified in other appropriate applications such as Adobe Photoshop, Adobe Audition, Macromedia Freehand, etc. and Flash is used to compile those materials in the desired composition. The main idea of this work is to overcome standard uses of Flash and to present it as a tool for creating design solutions through many possibilities that ActionScript programming language offers. Main features of this kind of design are computer-generated shapes, colors and compositions based on random selection in a way that the designer does not entirely know the final solution until the program ends.

Kraj dvadesetog i početak dvadesetprvog stoljeća vrijeme je u kojem održavanje svakim danom dobiva na značenju, te se naglo razvijaju i primjenjuju nove metode, tehnike, modeli i koncepti održavanja. Mogućnosti razvoja u svim pravcima iskorištavaju se sve intenzivnije. Kako su rokovi isporuke nekih grafičkih proizvoda strogo definirani, svako učestalo kašnjenje upropastilo bi tiskaru, npr. tisak novina. U ovom segmentu proizvodnje pouzdanost rada grafičkih strojeva mora biti maksimalna, kako ne bi dolazilo do zastoja. U ovom radu istraženi su modeli koje primjenjuju neke tiskare, te je dan prijedlog za moguća poboljšanja u praćenju stanja strojeva i načinu otklanjanja kvarova.