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4. Global maps of soil temperature

Author

Lembrechts, Jonas J, Hoogen, Johan, Aalto, Juha, Ashcroft, Michael B, De Frenne, Pieter, Kemppinen, Julia, Kopecký, Martin, Luoto, Miska, Maclean, Ilya MD, Crowther, Thomas W, Bailey, Joseph J, Haesen, Stef, Klinges, David H, Niittynen, Pekka, Scheffers, Brett R, Van Meerbeek, Koenraad, Aartsma, Peter, Abdalaze, Otar, Abedi, Mehdi, Aerts, Rien, Ahmadian, Negar, Ahrends, Antje, Alatalo, Juha M, Alexander, Jake M, Allonsius, Camille Nina, Altman, Jan, Ammann, Christof, Andres, Christian, Andrews, Christopher, Ardö, Jonas, Arriga, Nicola, Arzac, Alberto, Aschero, Valeria, Assis, Rafael L, Assmann, Jakob Johann, Bader, Maaike Y, Bahalkeh, Khadijeh, Barančok, Peter, Barrio, Isabel C, Barros, Agustina, Barthel, Matti, Basham, Edmund W, Bauters, Marijn, Bazzichetto, Manuele, Marchesini, Luca Belelli, Bell, Michael C, Benavides, Juan C, Alonso, José Luis Benito, Berauer, Bernd J, Bjerke, Jarle W, Björk, Robert G, Björkman, Mats P, Björnsdóttir, Katrin, Blonder, Benjamin, Boeckx, Pascal, Boike, Julia, Bokhorst, Stef, Brum, Bárbara NS, Brůna, Josef, Buchmann, Nina, Buysse, Pauline, Camargo, José Luís, Campoe, Otávio C, Candan, Onur, Canessa, Rafaella, Cannone, Nicoletta, Carbognani, Michele, Carnicer, Jofre, Casanova‐Katny, Angélica, Cesarz, Simone, Chojnicki, Bogdan, Choler, Philippe, Chown, Steven L, Cifuentes, Edgar F, Čiliak, Marek, Contador, Tamara, Convey, Peter, Cooper, Elisabeth J, Cremonese, Edoardo, Curasi, Salvatore R, Curtis, Robin, Cutini, Maurizio, Dahlberg, C Johan, Daskalova, Gergana N, de Pablo, Miguel Angel, Della Chiesa, Stefano, Dengler, Jürgen, Deronde, Bart, Descombes, Patrice, Di Cecco, Valter, Di Musciano, Michele, Dick, Jan, Dimarco, Romina D, Dolezal, Jiri, Dorrepaal, Ellen, Dušek, Jiří, Eisenhauer, Nico, Eklundh, Lars, Erickson, Todd E, and Erschbamer, Brigitta

Subjects
Climate Action, Climate Change, Ecosystem, Microclimate, Soil, Temperature, bioclimatic variables, global maps, microclimate, near-surface temperatures, soil-dwelling organisms, soil temperature, temperature offset, weather stations, Environmental Sciences, Biological Sciences, Ecology
Abstract

Research in global change ecology relies heavily on global climatic grids derived from estimates of air temperature in open areas at around 2 m above the ground. These climatic grids do not reflect conditions below vegetation canopies and near the ground surface, where critical ecosystem functions occur and most terrestrial species reside. Here, we provide global maps of soil temperature and bioclimatic variables at a 1-km2 resolution for 0-5 and 5-15 cm soil depth. These maps were created by calculating the difference (i.e. offset) between in situ soil temperature measurements, based on time series from over 1200 1-km2 pixels (summarized from 8519 unique temperature sensors) across all the world's major terrestrial biomes, and coarse-grained air temperature estimates from ERA5-Land (an atmospheric reanalysis by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts). We show that mean annual soil temperature differs markedly from the corresponding gridded air temperature, by up to 10°C (mean = 3.0 ± 2.1°C), with substantial variation across biomes and seasons. Over the year, soils in cold and/or dry biomes are substantially warmer (+3.6 ± 2.3°C) than gridded air temperature, whereas soils in warm and humid environments are on average slightly cooler (-0.7 ± 2.3°C). The observed substantial and biome-specific offsets emphasize that the projected impacts of climate and climate change on near-surface biodiversity and ecosystem functioning are inaccurately assessed when air rather than soil temperature is used, especially in cold environments. The global soil-related bioclimatic variables provided here are an important step forward for any application in ecology and related disciplines. Nevertheless, we highlight the need to fill remaining geographic gaps by collecting more in situ measurements of microclimate conditions to further enhance the spatiotemporal resolution of global soil temperature products for ecological applications.

Published
2022

5. Steroid-Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome due to NPHS2 Variants Is Not Associated With Posttransplant Recurrence

Author

Boutaba, Mounia, Csaiscich, Dagmar, Baiko, Sergay, Azocar, Marta, Quiroz, Lily, Serna Higuita, Lina Maria, Dušek, Jiří, Ranchin, Bruno, Zaloszyc, Adriane, Davitaia, Tinatin, Gellermann, Jutta, Oh, Jun, Melk, Anette, Schaefer, Franz, Staude, Hagen, Printza, Nikoleta, Tory, Kalman, Gheissari, Alaleh, Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Pasini, Andrea, Ghiggeri, Gian Marco, Ardissino, Gianluigi, Benetti, Elisa, Emma, Francesco, Camilla, Roberta, Nigmatullina, Nazym, Aoun, Bilal, Mourani, Chebl, Abou-Jaoudé, Pauline, Jankauskiene, Augustina, Wasilewska, Anna, Klekot, Lidia Hyla, Zurowska, Aleksandra, Drozdz, Dorota, Tkaczyk, Marcin, Sikora, Przemysław, Ostalska, Danuta, Brodkiewicz, Andrzej, Litwin, Mieczyslaw, Panczyk-Tomaszewska, Małgorzata, Medyńska, Anna, Szczepanska, Maria, Afonso, Alberto Caldas, Jardim, Helena, Lungu, Adrian, Tsygin, Alexej, Prikhodina, Larisa, Paripovic, Dusan, Bogdanovic, Radovan, Krmar, Rafael T., Saeed, Bassam, Anarat, Ali, Balat, Ayse, Baskin, Z. Esra, Cakar, Nilgun, Erdogan, Ozlem, Özcakar, Birsin, Ozaltin, Fatih, Sakallioglu, Onur, Soylemezoglu, Oguz, Akman, Sema, Gok, Faysal, Caliskan, Salim, Candan, Cengiz, Yilmaz, Alev, Sozeri, Betul, Akil, Ipek, Ertan, Pelin, Özkaya, Ozan, Kalyoncu, Mukaddes, Bitzan, Martin, Formina, Svitlana, Sobko, Roman, Kachmar, Jessica, Boyer, Olivia, Lipska-Ziętkiewicz, Beata, Morinière, Vincent, Gribouval, Olivier, Heidet, Laurence, Balasz-Chmielewska, Irena, Cloarec, Sylvie, Csaicsich, Dagmar, Decramer, Stéphane, Guigonis, Vincent, Hogan, Julien, Bayazit, Aysun Karabay, Tsimaratos, Michel, Trautmann, Agnes, Antignac, Corinne, and Dorval, Guillaume

Published
2024
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9. Detection and attribution of an anomaly in terrestrial photosynthesis in Europe during the COVID-19 lockdown

Author

Tang, Angela Che Ing, Flechard, Christophe R., Arriga, Nicola, Papale, Dario, Stoy, Paul C., Buchmann, Nina, Cuntz, Matthias, Douros, John, Fares, Silvano, Knohl, Alexander, Šigut, Ladislav, Simioni, Guillaume, Timmermans, Renske, Grünwald, Thomas, Ibrom, Andreas, Loubet, Benjamin, Mammarella, Ivan, Belelli Marchesini, Luca, Nilsson, Mats, Peichl, Matthias, Rebmann, Corinna, Schmidt, Marius, Bernhofer, Christian, Berveiller, Daniel, Cremonese, Edoardo, El-Madany, Tarek S., Gharun, Mana, Gianelle, Damiano, Hörtnagl, Lukas, Roland, Marilyn, Varlagin, Andrej, Fu, Zheng, Heinesch, Bernard, Janssens, Ivan, Kowalska, Natalia, Dušek, Jiří, Gerosa, Giacomo, Mölder, Meelis, Tuittila, Eeva-Stiina, and Loustau, Denis

Published
2023
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10. Author Correction: The FLUXNET2015 dataset and the ONEFlux processing pipeline for eddy covariance data.

Author

Pastorello, Gilberto, Trotta, Carlo, Canfora, Eleonora, Chu, Housen, Christianson, Danielle, Cheah, You-Wei, Poindexter, Cristina, Chen, Jiquan, Elbashandy, Abdelrahman, Humphrey, Marty, Isaac, Peter, Polidori, Diego, Reichstein, Markus, Ribeca, Alessio, van Ingen, Catharine, Vuichard, Nicolas, Zhang, Leiming, Amiro, Brian, Ammann, Christof, Arain, M Altaf, Ardö, Jonas, Arkebauer, Timothy, Arndt, Stefan K, Arriga, Nicola, Aubinet, Marc, Aurela, Mika, Baldocchi, Dennis, Barr, Alan, Beamesderfer, Eric, Marchesini, Luca Belelli, Bergeron, Onil, Beringer, Jason, Bernhofer, Christian, Berveiller, Daniel, Billesbach, Dave, Black, Thomas Andrew, Blanken, Peter D, Bohrer, Gil, Boike, Julia, Bolstad, Paul V, Bonal, Damien, Bonnefond, Jean-Marc, Bowling, David R, Bracho, Rosvel, Brodeur, Jason, Brümmer, Christian, Buchmann, Nina, Burban, Benoit, Burns, Sean P, Buysse, Pauline, Cale, Peter, Cavagna, Mauro, Cellier, Pierre, Chen, Shiping, Chini, Isaac, Christensen, Torben R, Cleverly, James, Collalti, Alessio, Consalvo, Claudia, Cook, Bruce D, Cook, David, Coursolle, Carole, Cremonese, Edoardo, Curtis, Peter S, D'Andrea, Ettore, da Rocha, Humberto, Dai, Xiaoqin, Davis, Kenneth J, De Cinti, Bruno, de Grandcourt, Agnes, De Ligne, Anne, De Oliveira, Raimundo C, Delpierre, Nicolas, Desai, Ankur R, Di Bella, Carlos Marcelo, di Tommasi, Paul, Dolman, Han, Domingo, Francisco, Dong, Gang, Dore, Sabina, Duce, Pierpaolo, Dufrêne, Eric, Dunn, Allison, Dušek, Jiří, Eamus, Derek, Eichelmann, Uwe, ElKhidir, Hatim Abdalla M, Eugster, Werner, Ewenz, Cacilia M, Ewers, Brent, Famulari, Daniela, Fares, Silvano, Feigenwinter, Iris, Feitz, Andrew, Fensholt, Rasmus, Filippa, Gianluca, Fischer, Marc, Frank, John, Galvagno, Marta, and Gharun, Mana

Abstract

The following authors were omitted from the original version of this Data Descriptor: Markus Reichstein and Nicolas Vuichard. Both contributed to the code development and N. Vuichard contributed to the processing of the ERA-Interim data downscaling. Furthermore, the contribution of the co-author Frank Tiedemann was re-evaluated relative to the colleague Corinna Rebmann, both working at the same sites, and based on this re-evaluation a substitution in the co-author list is implemented (with Rebmann replacing Tiedemann). Finally, two affiliations were listed incorrectly and are corrected here (entries 190 and 193). The author list and affiliations have been amended to address these omissions in both the HTML and PDF versions.

Published
2021

16. The FLUXNET2015 dataset and the ONEFlux processing pipeline for eddy covariance data.

Author

Pastorello, Gilberto, Trotta, Carlo, Canfora, Eleonora, Chu, Housen, Christianson, Danielle, Cheah, You-Wei, Poindexter, Cristina, Chen, Jiquan, Elbashandy, Abdelrahman, Humphrey, Marty, Isaac, Peter, Polidori, Diego, Reichstein, Markus, Ribeca, Alessio, van Ingen, Catharine, Vuichard, Nicolas, Zhang, Leiming, Amiro, Brian, Ammann, Christof, Arain, M Altaf, Ardö, Jonas, Arkebauer, Timothy, Arndt, Stefan K, Arriga, Nicola, Aubinet, Marc, Aurela, Mika, Baldocchi, Dennis, Barr, Alan, Beamesderfer, Eric, Marchesini, Luca Belelli, Bergeron, Onil, Beringer, Jason, Bernhofer, Christian, Berveiller, Daniel, Billesbach, Dave, Black, Thomas Andrew, Blanken, Peter D, Bohrer, Gil, Boike, Julia, Bolstad, Paul V, Bonal, Damien, Bonnefond, Jean-Marc, Bowling, David R, Bracho, Rosvel, Brodeur, Jason, Brümmer, Christian, Buchmann, Nina, Burban, Benoit, Burns, Sean P, Buysse, Pauline, Cale, Peter, Cavagna, Mauro, Cellier, Pierre, Chen, Shiping, Chini, Isaac, Christensen, Torben R, Cleverly, James, Collalti, Alessio, Consalvo, Claudia, Cook, Bruce D, Cook, David, Coursolle, Carole, Cremonese, Edoardo, Curtis, Peter S, D'Andrea, Ettore, da Rocha, Humberto, Dai, Xiaoqin, Davis, Kenneth J, Cinti, Bruno De, Grandcourt, Agnes de, Ligne, Anne De, De Oliveira, Raimundo C, Delpierre, Nicolas, Desai, Ankur R, Di Bella, Carlos Marcelo, Tommasi, Paul di, Dolman, Han, Domingo, Francisco, Dong, Gang, Dore, Sabina, Duce, Pierpaolo, Dufrêne, Eric, Dunn, Allison, Dušek, Jiří, Eamus, Derek, Eichelmann, Uwe, ElKhidir, Hatim Abdalla M, Eugster, Werner, Ewenz, Cacilia M, Ewers, Brent, Famulari, Daniela, Fares, Silvano, Feigenwinter, Iris, Feitz, Andrew, Fensholt, Rasmus, Filippa, Gianluca, Fischer, Marc, Frank, John, Galvagno, Marta, and Gharun, Mana

Abstract

The FLUXNET2015 dataset provides ecosystem-scale data on CO2, water, and energy exchange between the biosphere and the atmosphere, and other meteorological and biological measurements, from 212 sites around the globe (over 1500 site-years, up to and including year 2014). These sites, independently managed and operated, voluntarily contributed their data to create global datasets. Data were quality controlled and processed using uniform methods, to improve consistency and intercomparability across sites. The dataset is already being used in a number of applications, including ecophysiology studies, remote sensing studies, and development of ecosystem and Earth system models. FLUXNET2015 includes derived-data products, such as gap-filled time series, ecosystem respiration and photosynthetic uptake estimates, estimation of uncertainties, and metadata about the measurements, presented for the first time in this paper. In addition, 206 of these sites are for the first time distributed under a Creative Commons (CC-BY 4.0) license. This paper details this enhanced dataset and the processing methods, now made available as open-source codes, making the dataset more accessible, transparent, and reproducible.

Published
2020

18. The Past, Present, and Future of Cross-Border Cooperation between Municipalities in the South Bohemian Region: A Case Study.

Author

Dušek, Jiří

Subjects
REGIONAL development, EUROPEAN cooperation, QUANTITATIVE research, FIELD research, CITIES & towns
Abstract

The aim of this study is to provide a comprehensive view of matters of cross-border cooperation, with the main emphasis on the typology and development of structures supporting cross-border cooperation in a selected region of the Czech Republic (South Bohemian Region). The study focuses on the analysis of changes in the methods and ways of cooperation of municipalities in the programming periods 2007–2013 and 2014–2020 (Euroregions, cross-border impulse centers, European territorial cooperation groups, partner and friendly cities, etc.). The research not only analyzes the actual development of cooperation between municipalities in the region studied, but also identifies the prerequisites of and barriers to cross-border cooperation. The data obtained show a significant decrease in the interest of municipalities in cross-border cooperation within the conditions of the Czech Republic in recent years. The current situation with regard to the existence and development of cross-border cooperation in 2024 is not very satisfactory, although it is paradoxically an area strongly supported by the EU Cohesion Policy. This study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining both qualitative and quantitative research methods to provide a comprehensive analysis of cross-border cooperation in the South Bohemian Region. A thorough review of existing literature on cross-border cooperation and related policies was conducted to establish a theoretical framework. The practical part of the study is based on field research carried out by the author in 2007–2013 and 2014–2020. This research examined the level of cooperation between the 623 municipalities in the South Bohemian Region (in 2016, there were 624 municipalities in the region). In the case of cross-border impulse centers, the input data were represented by e-mail and telephone inquiries to representatives of individual municipalities and the websites of Euroregions. To conduct a comprehensive study on cross-border cooperation between municipalities in the South Bohemian Region, logical and scientific methods were used. Universal methods of logic ensured the correctness and orderliness of the thought process, with abstraction identifying key elements. Synthesis was used to divide the study into parts, analyze them in detail, and integrate them into a comprehensive analysis. Scientific methods included analysis to examine the current status and frameworks of cross-border cooperation and comparison to identify similarities or differences between the Czech Republic and neighboring countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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21. Altered energy partitioning across terrestrial ecosystems in the European drought year 2018

Author

Graf, Alexander, Klosterhalfen, Anne, Arriga, Nicola, Bernhofer, Christian, Bogena, Heye, Bornet, Frédéric, Brüggemann, Nicolas, Brümmer, Christian, Buchmann, Nina, Chi, Jinshu, Chipeaux, Christophe, Cremonese, Edoardo, Cuntz, Matthias, Dušek, Jiří, El-Madany, Tarek S., Fares, Silvano, Fischer, Milan, Foltýnová, Lenka, Gharun, Mana, Ghiasi, Shiva, Gielen, Bert, Gottschalk, Pia, Grünwald, Thomas, Heinemann, Günther, Heinesch, Bernard, Heliasz, Michal, Holst, Jutta, Hörtnagl, Lukas, Ibrom, Andreas, Ingwersen, Joachim, Jurasinski, Gerald, Klatt, Janina, Knohl, Alexander, Koebsch, Franziska, Konopka, Jan, Korkiakoski, Mika, Kowalska, Natalia, Kremer, Pascal, Kruijt, Bart, Lafont, Sebastien, Léonard, Joël, De Ligne, Anne, Longdoz, Bernard, Loustau, Denis, Magliulo, Vincenzo, Mammarella, Ivan, Manca, Giovanni, Mauder, Matthias, Migliavacca, Mirco, Mölder, Meelis, Neirynck, Johan, Ney, Patrizia, Nilsson, Mats, Paul-Limoges, Eugénie, Peichl, Matthias, Pitacco, Andrea, Poyda, Arne, Rebmann, Corinna, Roland, Marilyn, Sachs, Torsten, Schmidt, Marius, Schrader, Frederik, Siebicke, Lukas, Šigut, Ladislav, Tuittila, Eeva-Stiina, Varlagin, Andrej, Vendrame, Nadia, Vincke, Caroline, Völksch, Ingo, Weber, Stephan, Wille, Christian, Wizemann, Hans-Dieter, Zeeman, Matthias, and Vereecken, Harry

Published
2020

22. ORCHIDEE-PEAT (revision 4596), a model for northern peatland CO2, water, and energy fluxes on daily to annual scales

Author

Qiu, Chunjing, Zhu, Dan, Ciais, Philippe, Guenet, Bertrand, Krinner, Gerhard, Peng, Shushi, Aurela, Mika, Bernhofer, Christian, Brümmer, Christian, Bret-Harte, Syndonia, Chu, Housen, Chen, Jiquan, Desai, Ankur R, Dušek, Jiří, Euskirchen, Eugénie S, Fortuniak, Krzysztof, Flanagan, Lawrence B, Friborg, Thomas, Grygoruk, Mateusz, Gogo, Sébastien, Grünwald, Thomas, Hansen, Birger U, Holl, David, Humphreys, Elyn, Hurkuck, Miriam, Kiely, Gerard, Klatt, Janina, Kutzbach, Lars, Largeron, Chloé, Laggoun-Défarge, Fatima, Lund, Magnus, Lafleur, Peter M, Li, Xuefei, Mammarella, Ivan, Merbold, Lutz, Nilsson, Mats B, Olejnik, Janusz, Ottosson-Löfvenius, Mikaell, Oechel, Walter, Parmentier, Frans-Jan W, Peichl, Matthias, Pirk, Norbert, Peltola, Olli, Pawlak, Włodzimierz, Rasse, Daniel, Rinne, Janne, Shaver, Gaius, Schmid, Hans Peter, Sottocornola, Matteo, Steinbrecher, Rainer, Sachs, Torsten, Urbaniak, Marek, Zona, Donatella, and Ziemblinska, Klaudia

Subjects
Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Sciences, Earth sciences
Abstract

Peatlands store substantial amounts of carbon and are vulnerable to climate change. We present a modified version of the Organising Carbon and Hydrology In Dynamic Ecosystems (ORCHIDEE) land surface model for simulating the hydrology, surface energy, and CO2 fluxes of peatlands on daily to annual timescales. The model includes a separate soil tile in each 0.5° grid cell, defined from a global peatland map and identified with peat-specific soil hydraulic properties. Runoff from non-peat vegetation within a grid cell containing a fraction of peat is routed to this peat soil tile, which maintains shallow water tables. The water table position separates oxic from anoxic decomposition. The model was evaluated against eddy-covariance (EC) observations from 30 northern peatland sites, with the maximum rate of carboxylation (Vcmax) being optimized at each site. Regarding short-term day-to-day variations, the model performance was good for gross primary production (GPP) (r2 Combining double low line 0.76; Nash-Sutcliffe modeling efficiency, MEF Combining double low line 0.76) and ecosystem respiration (ER, r2 Combining double low line 0.78, MEF Combining double low line 0.75), with lesser accuracy for latent heat fluxes (LE, r2 Combining double low line 0.42, MEF Combining double low line 0.14) and and net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE, r2 Combining double low line 0.38, MEF Combining double low line 0.26). Seasonal variations in GPP, ER, NEE, and energy fluxes on monthly scales showed moderate to high r2 values (0.57-0.86). For spatial across-site gradients of annual mean GPP, ER, NEE, and LE, r2 values of 0.93, 0.89, 0.27, and 0.71 were achieved, respectively. Water table (WT) variation was not well predicted (r2

Published
2018

24. Relative importance of climatic variables, soil properties and plant traits to spatial variability in net CO2 exchange across global forests and grasslands

Author

Zhou, Huimin, Shao, Junjiong, Liu, Huiying, Du, Zhenggang, Zhou, Lingyan, Liu, Ruiqiang, Bernhofer, Christian, Grünwald, Thomas, Dušek, Jiří, Montagnani, Leonardo, Tagesson, Torbern, Black, Thomas Andrew, Jassal, Rachhpal, Woodgate, William, Biraud, Sébastien, Varlagin, Andrej, Mammarella, Ivan, Gharun, Mana, Shekhar, Ankit, Buchmann, Nina, Manco, Antonio, Magliulo, Enzo, Billesbach, Dave, Silberstein, Richard P., Ohta, Takeshi, Yu, Guirui, Chen, Zhi, Zhang, Yiping, and Zhou, Xuhui

Published
2021
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26. Temperature thresholds of ecosystem respiration at a global scale

Author

Johnston, Alice S. A., Meade, Andrew, Ardö, Jonas, Arriga, Nicola, Black, Andy, Blanken, Peter D., Bonal, Damien, Brümmer, Christian, Cescatti, Alessandro, Dušek, Jiří, Graf, Alexander, Gioli, Beniamino, Goded, Ignacio, Gough, Christopher M., Ikawa, Hiroki, Jassal, Rachhpal, Kobayashi, Hideki, Magliulo, Vincenzo, Manca, Giovanni, Montagnani, Leonardo, Moyano, Fernando E., Olesen, Jørgen E., Sachs, Torsten, Shao, Changliang, Tagesson, Torbern, Wohlfahrt, Georg, Wolf, Sebastian, Woodgate, William, Varlagin, Andrej, and Venditti, Chris

Published
2021
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31. Forests buffer thermal fluctuation better than non-forests

Author

Lin, Hua, Tu, Chengyi, Fang, Junyong, Gioli, Beniamino, Loubet, Benjamin, Gruening, Carsten, Zhou, Guoyi, Beringer, Jason, Huang, Jianguo, Dušek, Jiří, Liddell, Michael, Buysse, Pauline, Shi, Peili, Song, Qinghai, Han, Shijie, Magliulo, Vincenzo, Li, Yingnian, and Grace, John

Published
2020
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48. Data Boxes as a Part of the Strategic Concept of Computerization of Public Administration in the Czech Republic

Author

Dušek, Jiří

Subjects
e-government, Czech Republic, data mailboxes, computerization, communication, public administration
Abstract

The paper focuses on the analysis of the computerization of public administration in the Czech Republic in the context of the implementation and operation of data mailboxes, which have been an integral and very important part of e-Government in that country since 2009. A data mailbox has been defined in the Czech legal system since 2009 as an electronic repository of a special type established under the relevant Act No. 300/2008 Coll., which is intended for delivering electronic documents between public authorities on the one hand and natural persons and legal entities on the other. The data mailbox is mandatory for public authorities, legal entities registered in the Commercial Register, and natural persons engaged in business and may also be established by individuals not engaged in business. Public authorities are obliged to send documents preferably to the data mailbox of an addressee, if the latter has set up one, and, considering the legal assumption of delivery, entities which have set up a data mailbox are de facto obliged to collect documents from it. The aim of the study is a detailed description and critical analysis of the data mailbox system in the Czech Republic. The study also focuses on understanding the specific aspects of the implementation of data mailboxes in the Czech Republic. The main methods used are description, thematic and comparative analysis, so this is a descriptive case study. The results of the analysis confirm a number of problems related to the operation of data mailboxes, whether they be technical problems, security risks, usability problems, legal and regulatory problems or other organizational and procedural problems. The forced “computerization” of communication of a number of legal entities in 2023 is also mentioned.

Published
2023
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50. Evaluation of Development of Cooperation in South Bohemian Municipalities in the Years 2007–2014

Author

Dušek Jiří

Subjects
cooperation of municipalities, micro-region, local action groups, regional development, Agriculture, Social Sciences
Abstract

The article presents results of the research of cooperation of municipalities in the South Bohemian Region, focused on the analysis of forms and means of cooperation between 2007 and 2014. The published results are part of an internal research that lasted for many years, the goal of which was both to analyse the development of cooperation of municipalities in the studied region and to identify the prerequisites and barriers of all cooperative relations. The research was done on a sample of 623 South Bohemian municipalities in the period of 2007-2010 and 2013- 2016, the obtained data was processed using descriptive statistics and multidimensional statistical methods, and the results show an almost 20% increase in the means of municipal cooperation across the entire South Bohemian Region. Based on the respective means of cooperation, National Healthy Cities Network of the Czech Republic saw the biggest growth, amounting to +3.275% between 2007 and 2014. Participation in local action groups, where the total of 580 municipalities are already engaged, increased by 32.12%. Although less dynamic, this growth is much more important, as it significantly contributes to the development of rural areas and their absorption abilities, mainly as regards financial resources from the national and European sources. However, fragmented means of municipal cooperation is a current problem of cooperation of municipalities, leading to the disintegrated power of the respective municipalities.

Published
2017
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