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Radiative sky cooling is a promising passive cooling technology that dose not consume energy or produce greenhouse gas. It has been extensively studied in the past decades. However, its relatively low cooling power (∼100 W m−2) presents a significant barrier to its commercial deployment. For broader applications, integrating phase change and evaporative cooling can significantly enhance the cooling performance and temperature control capabilities of radiative sky cooling. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in hybrid cooling achieved by incorporating radiative cooling with phase change cooling or evaporative cooling. The regulatory mechanism of hybrid cooling is first discussed to reveal the detailed working principle. Subsequently, the structure form and cooling performance of hybrid cooling are summarized to fully clarify the core points of material design and highlight their benefits. In addition, the application scenarios of hybrid cooling are further discussed to underline their promising application potential. Last but not least, the challenges and prospects are presented to advance the commercial application of hybrid cooling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for pesticide application show promising potential in tobacco pest management. However, the impact of flight parameters on spray efficacy requires further investigation. Three field experiments were conducted from the rosette to the maturation stage of tobacco to systematically assess spray efficacy under varying flight heights, speeds, and application volumes. Using a multi‐index weight analysis method, optimal operational parameter combinations for different tobacco growth stages were evaluated and compared with backpack electric sprayers. RESULTS: For the rosette stage, the recommended parameter is a flight speed of 5 m s−1, a flight height of 2 m, and a liquid application volume of 30 L hm−2; during the vigorous growth stage, the suggested parameter includes a flight speed of 3 m s−1, a flight height of 2 m, and a liquid application volume of 22.5 L hm−2. In the maturing stage, optimal parameter consists of a flight speed of 3 m s−1, a flight height of 3.5 m, and a liquid application volume of 30 L hm−2. Furthermore, UAV spraying achieves higher droplet deposition on both sides of tobacco leaves compared to traditional electric backpack sprayers. CONCLUSIONS: Adjusting UAV spraying parameters for different tobacco growth stages is crucial. These results can provide the methods for the precise control technology of tobacco pests at different growth stages. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the great increase in installation, photovoltaics will develop as the main power supply source for the world shortly. However, the actual power generation and lifetime of photovoltaics are greatly compromised by the high working temperature under outdoor operation. In this review, the recent advances of four promising passive photovoltaic cooling methods are summarized with the aim to uncover their working principles, cooling performance, and application potential in photovoltaic devices. For radiative cooling, light management strategies with ultraviolet‐photon downshift and sub‐bandgap reflection are discussed in detail to reveal their great potential in reducing photovoltaic working temperature and enhancing power generation. Subsequently, the great cooling benefits of passive evaporative cooling are underlined in terms of its superior cooling power and temperature drop of photovoltaic devices. Moreover, the promising integrated cooling strategy is further highlighted due to its great potential in enhancing electricity production and fresh water supply. Most crucially, the remaining challenges and the authors'r insights are presented to advance the commercial applications of passive cooling methods in photovoltaics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The emerging solution‐based solar cells and photodetectors have gained worldwide research interest over the past decades. Hole transport materials (HTMs) have greatly advanced the progress of these solution‐based electronics. Nevertheless, developing low‐cost and efficient HTMs is far from satisfactory. In this contribution, poly(3‐pentylthiophene) (P3PT) is introduced as a facile, low‐cost, and versatile dopant‐free polymer HTM for both quantum dot (QD) and perovskite electronic devices. Compared to the broadly used poly(3‐hexylthiophene), P3PT presents the reduced molecular aggregation and preferential face‐on orientation, which can markedly enhance the hole‐carrier transport in optoelectronic devices. Accordingly, P3PT can deliver the substantial improvement of photovoltaic performance from ∼8.6% to ∼9.5% for QD/polythiophene solar cells and from ∼16% to ∼18.8% for perovskite/polythiophene solar cells, which are both among the topmost values in the corresponding fields. Furthermore, P3PT HTMs can also significantly enhance the photodetection performance of QD and perovskite photodetectors by a factor of ∼3, indicating its great application potential in a variety of emerging optoelectronics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Owing to the challenges to acquire detailed spatial information of gut bacteria in situ, three‐dimensional (3D) microbiota distributions in the gut remain largely uncharted. Here, we propose a tissue clearing‐based and D‐amino acid labeling‐facilitated (TiDaL) strategy that combines a novel microbiota in vivo labeling protocol, CUBIC‐based tissue clearing and whole‐mount tissue imaging, to achieve 3D imaging of indigenous gut microbiota. We demonstrate high‐resolution 3D acquisition of their biogeography in different gut sections, and present quantitative spatial details in relation to the host epithelium. We unexpectedly observe microbiota in the small intestine crypts, which were thought to be bacteria‐free. Significant bacterial overgrowth in the first two‐thirds of the small intestine is detected in an enteritis model. We expect that this quantitative 3D imaging strategy for native gut microbiota will provide insightful information into the host–microbiota interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, we propose a metabolic d‐amino acid‐based labeling and in situ hybridization‐facilitated (MeDabLISH) strategy for the quantitative analysis of the indigenous metabolic status of gut bacteria. The fluorescent d‐amino acid (FDAA)‐based labeling intensities of bacteria were found to highly correlate with their temporal and steady‐state metabolic status. Then, after taxonomic identification of bacterial genera in the in vivo FDAA‐labeled mouse gut microbiota, by corresponding fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) probes, the metabolic activities of different gut bacterial genera are quantified by flow cytometry, using FISH signals to differentiate genera and FDAA signals to indicate their basal metabolic levels. It was found that Gram‐negative genera in the mouse microbiota have stronger metabolic activities during the daytime, and Gram‐positive genera have higher activities at the night. Our strategy will be instrumental in deepening our understanding of the highly complex microbiota. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]