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15. Innovation and development of the aquaculture nutrition research and feed industry in China.

Author

Bu, Xianyong, Li, Yueru, Lai, Wencong, Yao, Chuanwei, Liu, Yongtao, Wang, Zhen, Zhao, Zengqi, Han, Shangzhe, Du, Jianlong, Yao, Xin, Mai, Kangsen, and Ai, Qinghui

Subjects
FEED industry, AQUACULTURE, SCIENTIFIC method, MOLECULAR biology, NANOTECHNOLOGY, FISH breeding, NUTRITION
Abstract

Aquaculture in China has undergone significant evolution in recent decades, transitioning from traditional practices to a vital food production industry. Alongside the rapid growth of aquaculture in China, aquafeed production continues to expand swiftly. This review attempts to establish an overview of the history and achievements in aquaculture nutrition research and feed industry in China. The development of scientific concept and methodology, especially the advanced molecular biology technology guarantees the shift from traditional nutrition to molecular nutrition, and subsequently to precision nutrition in aquaculture nutrition research. This evolution has facilitated the formulation of effective strategies to enhance the growth, health and product quality of aquatic animals. The advancements of aquaculture nutrition research and feed industry have also been propelled by innovative research concepts rooted in principles such as the health and safety of aquatic animals, the quality of aquatic products, resource conservation and environmental friendliness, and the advancements in key processing technologies within the aquafeed industry. The future perspectives of the aquaculture nutrition research and feed industry in China are also proposed. The present work aims to provide a reference for promoting the development of aquaculture nutrition research and feed industry in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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21. CO2methanation boosted by support-size-dependent strong metal-support interaction and B–O–Ti component

Author

Yuan, Shaoyu, Yang, Yushan, Xiong, Zhangyi, Guo, Peijing, Sun, Sufang, Li, Zejiang, Du, Jianlong, and Gao, Yongjun

Abstract

Strong metal-support interaction (SMSI) has a great impact on the activity and selectivity of heterogeneous catalysts, which was usually adjusted by changing reduction temperature or processing catalyst in different atmosphere. However, few researches concentrate on modulating SMSI through regulating the structure of the support. Herein, we show how changing the surface environment of the anatase TiO2(B–TiO2) can be used to modulate the SMSI. The moderate TiOxoverlayer makes the Ni metal highly dispersed on the high specific surface area of support, resulting in a substantially enhanced CO2methanation rate. Besides, a novel phenomenon was observed that boron dopants promote the formation of the B–O–Ti interface site, enhancing the catalytic performance of CO2hydrogenation. DFT calculations confirm that the B–O–Ti structure facilitates the activation of CO2and further hydrogenation to methane.

Published
2024
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23. Activation of farnesoid X receptor suppresses ER stress and inflammation via the YY1/NCK1/PERK pathway in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea)

Author

Du, Jianlong, Zhang, Junzhi, Xiang, Xiaojun, Xu, Dan, Cui, Kun, Mai, Kangsen, and Ai, Qinghui

Subjects
Nutrition and Dietetics, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Food Science
Abstract

Unfolded protein responses from endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress have been implicated in inflammatory signaling. The vicious cycle of ER stress and inflammation makes regulation even more difficult. This study examined effects of farnesoid X receptor (FXR) in ER-stress regulation in large yellow croakers. The soybean-oil-diet-induced expression of ER stress markers was decreased in fish with FXR activated. In croaker macrophages, FXR activation or overexpression significantly reduced inflammation and ER stress caused by tunicamycin (TM), which was exacerbated by FXR knockdown. Further investigation showed that the TM-induced phosphorylation of PERK and EIF2α was inhibited by the overexpression of croaker FXR, and it was increased by FXR knockdown. Croaker NCK1 was then confirmed to be a regulator of PERK, and its expression in macrophages is increased by FXR overexpression and decreased by FXR knockdown. The promoter activity of croaker NCK1 was inhibited by yin-yang 1 (YY1). Furthermore, the results show that croaker FXR overexpression could suppress the P65-induced promoter activity of YY1 in HEK293t cells and decrease the TM-induced expression of yy1 in macrophages. These results indicate that FXR could suppress P65-induced yy1 expression and then increase NCK1 expression, thereby inhibiting the PERK pathway. This study may benefit the understanding of ER stress regulation in fish, demonstrating that FXR can be used in large yellow croakers as an effective target for regulating ER stress and inflammation.

Published
2022

26. Oleic and palmitic acids induce hepatic angiopoietin-like 4 expression predominantly via PPAR- γ in Larimichthys crocea.

Author

Xiang, Xiaojun, Han, Shangzhe, Xu, Dan, Chen, Qiuchi, Ji, Renlei, Zhao, Zengqi, Du, Jianlong, Mai, Kangsen, and Ai, Qinghui

Subjects
CONSENSUS (Social sciences), IN vitro studies, LIVER, ANIMAL experimentation, PEROXISOME proliferator-activated receptors, FISHES, RESEARCH funding, MESSENGER RNA, VASCULAR endothelial growth factors, AMINO acids, FATTY acids
Abstract

Angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4) is a potent regulator of TAG metabolism, but knowledge of the mechanisms underlying ANGPTL4 transcription in response to fatty acids is still limited in teleost. In the current study, we explored the molecular characterisation of ANGPTL4 and regulatory mechanisms of ANGPTL4 in response to fatty acids in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea). Here, croaker angptl4 contained a 1416 bp open reading frame encoding a protein of 471 amino acids with highly conserved 12-amino acid consensus motif. Angptl4 was widely expressed in croaker, with the highest expression in the liver. In vitro , oleic and palmitic acids (OA and PA) treatments strongly increased angptl4 mRNA expression in croaker hepatocytes. Moreover, angptl4 expression was positively regulated by PPAR family (PPAR- α , β and γ), and expression of PPAR γ was also significantly increased in response to OA and PA. Moreover, inhibition of PPAR γ abrogated OA- or PA-induced angptl4 mRNA expression. Beyond that, PA might increase angptl4 expression partly via the insulin signalling. Overall, the expression of ANGPTL4 is strongly upregulated by OA and PA via PPAR γ in the liver of croaker, which contributes to improve the understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of ANGPTL4 in fish. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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38. Molecular cloning, functional characterization and nutritional regulation of two elovl4b elongases from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Author

National Thousand Young Talents program of China, Agriculture Research System of China, Monroig, Óscar [0000-0001-8712-0440], Navarro, Juan Carlos [0000-0001-6976-6686], Zhao, Nannan, Monroig, Óscar, Navarro, Juan Carlos, Xiang, Xiaojun, Li, Yongnan, Du, Jianlong, Li, Jingqi, Xu, Wei, Mai, Kangsen, Ai, Qinghui, National Thousand Young Talents program of China, Agriculture Research System of China, Monroig, Óscar [0000-0001-8712-0440], Navarro, Juan Carlos [0000-0001-6976-6686], Zhao, Nannan, Monroig, Óscar, Navarro, Juan Carlos, Xiang, Xiaojun, Li, Yongnan, Du, Jianlong, Li, Jingqi, Xu, Wei, Mai, Kangsen, and Ai, Qinghui

Abstract

Elongation of very long-chain fatty acids 4 (Elovl4) is a critical enzyme in the biosynthesis of long-chain and very long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC- and VLC-PUFAs) in animals. So far, very little is known about the molecular function of Elovl4 in biosynthetic process, especially in fish. In this study, two elovl4 paralogs (elovl4b1 and elovl4b2) were successfully cloned from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). The full-length cDNAs of elovl4b1 and elovl4b2 were shown to comprise 1896 bp and 2227 bp, respectively, and both contained 921 bp open reading frames (ORFs), encoded 306 amino acids in high homology. Heterologous expression in yeast showed that rainbow trout Elovl4b1 and Elovl4b2 proteins are able to effectively convert C18-22 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) to the polyenoic products up to C32 or C36. Especially, compared with Elovl4b2, Elovl4b1 had much higher efficiency for converting 20:5n-3 and 22:5n-3 to 24:5n-3. Tissue distribution analysis revealed that rainbow trout elovl4b were widely transcribed in various tissues with the highest level in eye, brain and gill. Feeding experiment was conducted with three groups of rainbow trout fed diets with either fish oil (FO) or 100% of the FO replaced by soybean oil (SO) and linseeds oil (LO). Compared to fish fed the diet with FO, elovl4b was significantly up-regulated in the liver of fish fed the diet with SO and in the entire intestine of fish fed the diet with LO, which suggested that elovl4b expression is regulated by dietary lipid sources. These results may contribute to better understand the LC-PUFAs and VLC-PUFAs biosynthetic pathway and the regulation mechanism in rainbow trout.

Published
2019

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