1. Rewetting of Lowlands and Its Impact on Groundwater Chemistry
- Author
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Jessen, Søren, Aagaard, Sofie, Jessen, Søren, and Aagaard, Sofie
- Abstract
Restoration of wetlands are of great importance and have received considerable attention in recent years due to its vital ecological importance. This study examined the effects of restoration, over a one-year study period, by seasonal monitoring of four fen wetland located in the riparian zone of Omme stream in western Jutland, Denmark. The impact of rewetting was examined in respect to flow pattern, groundwater discharge and water chemistry, by imploring two restored wetlands and comparing them to two pristine wetlands of similar characteristics. The investigated wetlands were found to have relatively stable discharges, maintaining a constant direction of flow towards the Omme stream. However, larger groundwater fluctuations observed at the restored wetlands, suggests potential changes in soil characteristics, as a result of the restoration process. Furthermore, water chemistry analysis indicates the influence of deeper flow paths, bringing regional groundwater from distant areas of the catchment into the wetlands. Wetland restoration is considered an effective mitigation method for decreasing nitrogen losses from agricultural land. The results showed that the restored wetlands are effectively removing the nitrate through denitrification from the shallow groundwater, but also acted as sources of phosphorous. Additionally, results revealed that groundwater concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and ammonium in the restored wetlands were significantly higher than under pristine conditions. The availability of electron donors was identified as a key factor influencing O2 reduction rates and the subsequent redox processes. Drained organic soils can be significant sources of greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions. Rewetting has shown the potential of reducing GHG emissions and restore suitable conditions for the return of the carbon sink function characteristic of u
- Published
- 2023