Search

La Fibromialgia è una condizione di dolore muscoloscheletrico diffuso che si associa a fa-tigue, rigidità, insonnia, alterazioni dell'umore e comporta conseguenze importanti per la vita quotidiana. Ad oggi è ancora sottodiagnosticata e sono poco chiare sia l'eziopatogenesi sia la diagnosi differenziale con condizioni di Dolore Cronico Diffuso. Tra i fattori cognitivi che contribuiscono al mantenimento della condizione, la catastrofizzazione ha ottenuto particolare interesse. Lo scopo del presente studio è stato confrontare la sintomatologia in pazienti con diagnosi di Fibromialgia (FM; n = 27) e con diagnosi di Dolore Cronico Diffuso (Chronic Widespread Pain, CWP; n = 27) e indagare i predittori degli outcome riferiti di dolore. Tutti i pazienti han-no compilato i seguenti questionari: McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ), West Haven Yale Multidimensional Pain Inventory (WHY-MPI), Pain Related Self-Statement Scale (PRSS), Pain Related Control Scale (PRSS). È stato rilevato inoltre l'elettromiografia di superficie (EMG) a riposo per 5 minuti in corrispondenza del muscolo trapezio superiore sinistro e del muscolo frontale. Ai questionari, i pazienti con FM hanno presentato una maggiore catastrofizzazione (p 0.05) rispetto ai pazienti CWP. Inoltre, il livello di catastrofizzazione modula la relazione tra EMG del muscolo trapezio e interferenza del dolore riportata nel gruppo di pazienti con FM. I risultati suggeriscono che alti livelli di catastrofizzazione accentuino l'effetto negativo di elevati livelli di tensione muscolare in pazienti con FM.

In view of the restricted knowledge on the diversity of coronaviruses in poultry other than chicken, this study aimed to investigate the genetic diversity of coronaviruses in quail, pheasant, and partridge from two regions of Northern Italy. To this end, pools of tracheal and cloacal swabs from European quail (Coturnix Coturnix) and intestinal tract from pheasants (Phasianus Colchicus) and partridge (Perdix Perdix) flocks, with or without enteric signs, were collected during 2015. Avian coronavirus (Gammacoronavirus) was detected in quail not vaccinated against Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV) and in pheasants vaccinated with an IBV Massachusetts serotype. Based on DNA sequences for the gene encoding the S protein, the avian coronaviruses detected in the quail and pheasant are related to the IBV 793B and Massachusetts types, respectively. However, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) analyses showed the susceptibility of quail also to Deltacoronaviruses, suggesting that quail and pheasant avian coronaviruses share spike genes identical to chicken IBV spike genes and quail might host Deltacoronavirus.

Experts and international public health organisations stress the lack of surveillance systems for companion animal diseases and the need to implement such surveillance as a priority of the 'One Health' perspective. This paper presents the features of a system for the collection, analysis, interpretation and dissemination of data regarding the health status of pets in the Veneto region (Italy). The system involved the construction of a Web-based database containing the diagnoses of transmissible and non-transmissible diseases of dogs and cats made by veterinarians in their practices, hospitals, kennels and catteries. Each diagnosis constitutes a single record, also containing data on the identification of the individual animal and on several characteristics of epidemiological relevance. The World Health Organization (WHO) 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) for human diseases has been adapted to canine and feline diseases to standardise the diagnostic nomenclature. Software has been specifically created for online data entry and data management. The first results show that the main disorders were digestive (21%), dermatological (18%) and cardiovascular (11%) among 1,087 diagnostic records in dogs, and digestive (23%), dermatological (15%) and urinary (14%) among 289 diagnostic records in cats. The main causes of death are represented by cardiovascular (21%) and gastrointestinal (21%) diseases in dogs and by urinary (31%) disorders in cats. At present, no institutional surveillance system for companion animal health exists in Italy, and veterinarians joining this project and sharing the outcomes of their clinical activity are acting on a voluntary basis.Aussi bien les experts que les organisations internationales oeuvrant dans le domaine de la santé publique soulignent l’absence de systèmes de surveillance dédiés aux maladies des animaux de compagnie, alors que la mise en place de cette surveillance constitue une priorité dans une perspective « Une seule santé ». Les auteurs décrivent les caractéristiques d’un système introduit en Vénétie (Italie) pour collecter, analyser, interpréter et diffuser des données sur la situation sanitaire des animaux de compagnie. Le système repose sur une base de données en ligne alimentée par les rapports de diagnostic sur les maladies transmissibles et non transmissibles des chiens et des chats établis par les vétérinaires dans leur cabinet, à l’hôpital ou dans les élevages ou pensions pour chiens et chats. Chaque diagnostic fait l’objet d’une notification spécifique où sont également consignées les données d’identification individuelle de l’animal et les caractéristiques pertinentes au plan épidémiologique. La classification internationale statistique des maladies (ICD–10) de l’Organisation mondiale de la santé (OMS), qui concerne les maladies humaines, a été adaptée aux maladies des chiens et des chats afin d’utiliser une nomenclature standardisée des diagnostics. Un logiciel spécifique a été créé pour la saisie en ligne des données et leur gestion. D’après les premiers résultats, les principales affections diagnostiquées étaient, chez le chien (sur 1 087 rapports de diagnostic), des maladies digestives (21 %), dermatologiques (18 %) et cardio-vasculaires (11 %) et, chez le chat (sur 289 rapports de diagnostic), des maladies digestives (23 %), dermatologiques (15 %) et urinaires (14 %). Les principales causes de mortalité étaient respectivement les maladies cardio-vasculaires (21 %) et gastro-intestinales (21 %) chez le chien et les maladies du système urinaire (31 %) chez le chat. À l’heure actuelle, aucun système institutionnel de surveillance n’est en place en Italie pour les animaux de compagnie, de sorte que les vétérinaires qui participent à ce projet et partagent leurs résultats cliniques le font sur une base volontaire.Tanto especialistas como organizaciones internacionales dedicadas a temas de salud pública hacen hincapié en la ausencia de sistemas de vigilancia de las enfermedades de los animales de compañía y en la necesidad de instaurar tal vigilancia como elemento prioritario de los planteamientos de «Una sola salud». Los autores presentan las características de un sistema destinado a reunir, analizar, interpretar y difundir datos sobre el estado de salud de los animales de compañía en la región italiana del Veneto. Para instituir ese sistema se creó una base de datos en línea que centraliza información sobre los diagnósticos de enfermedades transmisibles y no transmisibles de perros y gatos realizados por veterinarios en el ejercicio de su labor en consultorios, hospitales y residencias caninas y felinas. Cada diagnóstico constituye un registro único, que también contiene datos sobre la identidad del animal en cuestión y sobre una serie de aspectos de importancia epidemiológica. Con objeto de normalizar la nomenclatura de diagnóstico se adaptó a las enfermedades caninas y felinas la Clasificación Internacional de Enfermedades, décima revisión (CIE–10), de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), que se aplica a las enfermedades humanas. También se crearon programas informáticos destinados específicamente a la introducción de datos en línea y a su gestión. Los primeros resultados muestran que los principales trastornos en los perros, de los 1.087 diagnósticos registrados, fueron los digestivos (21%), seguidos de los dermatológicos (18%) y los cardiovasculares (11%). En el caso de los gatos, con 289 diagnósticos registrados, las dolencias más importantes fueron las digestivas (23%), las dermatológicas (15%) y las urinarias (14%). En el perro, las principales causas de mortalidad fueron las enfermedades cardiovasculares (21%) y gastrointestinales (21%), y en el gato las patologías urinarias (31%). Actualmente no existe en Italia ningún sistema institucional de vigilancia de la salud de los animales de compañía, y los veterinarios que participan en este proyecto y comparten los resultados de su praxis clínica lo hacen con carácter voluntario.

Avian Metapneumovirus (aMPV) causes an upper respiratory tract infection in turkeys and in some other avian species. Based on genome sequence differences, four subtypes of aMPV (A, B, C and D) have been identified but subtypes A and B have an almost worldwide distribution. Nowadays control strategies are mainly based on vaccination and different commercial live vaccines, originating from both subtype A and B strains, are available. The not absolute coverage of animal population achieved by ordinary mass vaccination in poultry industry allows a prolonged circulation of vaccine viruses in bird populations. Diseases outbreaks have been reported due to reversion to virulence of vaccines; and multiple nucleotide mutations in the aMPV genome associated to this phenomenon have been identified. In the current study, the presence of subpopulations in a subtype B vaccine was investigated by deep sequencing. Of the 19 positions where vaccine (strain VCO3/50) and progenitor (strain VCO3/60616) consensus sequences differed, subpopulations were found to have sequence matching progenitor sequence in 4 positions. However none of these mutations occurred in a virulent revertant of that vaccine, thereby demonstrating that the majority progenitor virus population had not survived the attenuation process, hence were not obviously involved in any return to virulence. However within the vaccine, a single nucleotide variation was found which agreed with consensus sequence of a derived virulent revertant virus, hence this and other undetected, potentially virulent subpopulations, can be involved in reversion. Much deeper sequencing of vaccine derived strains obtained during experimental infections or in the field may clarify if reversion to virulence was due to selective pressure acting on a homogeneous but rapidly evolving vaccine population or to the selection of virulent subpopulations already present in the vaccine batches.

On the view of the restricted knowledge on the diversity of coronaviruses in poultry other than chicken, this study aimed to investigate the molecular diversity of coronaviruses in quail, pheasant and partridge from two regions of Northern Italy. For these purpose, pools of tracheal and cloacal swabs from European quail (Coturnix coturnix), and intestinal tract of pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) and partridge (Perdix perdix) flocks, with or without enteric signs, were collected during 2015. An Avian coronavirus (Gammacoronavirus) was detected in quails not vaccinated against Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV) and pheasant vaccinated with an IBV Massachusetts serotype. Based on DNA sequences for the gene encoding the S protein, the avian coronaviruses detected in the quail and pheasant are related to the IBV 793B and Massachusetts types, respectively. However, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) analyses showed the susceptibility of quail also to Deltacoronaviruses, suggesting that quail and pheasant avian coronaviruses share spike genes identical to chicken IBV spike genes and quail might host Deltacoronavirus.

Since 1996 a new Infectious Bronchitis virus (IBV) genotype, referred to as Q1, circulated in China and was reported for the Þ rst time in Italy in 2011, associated with an increase of mortality, kidney lesions and proventriculitis. During a 2013 Northern Italian outbreak of respiratory disease in a chicken ß ock, an IBV strain was detected by RT-PCR and characterized as Q1-like. The virus was isolated and named CoV/ Ck/Italy/I2022/13. All coding regions of the isolate were sequenced and compared with 130 complete genome sequences of IBV and TCoV, downloaded from ViPR, and showed most identity with a Chinese strain CK/CH/LDL/97I (p-distance=0.044). To identify potential recombination events a complete genome SimPlot analysis was carried out which revealed the presence of possible multiple recombination events, but the minor parent strains remained unknown. A phylogenetic analysis of the complete S1 gene was performed using all complete S1 sequences available on ViPR and showed that the isolate clustered with an Q1-like strain isolated in Italy in 2011 (p-distance=0.004) and a group of Chinese Q1-like strains isolated from the mid 90’s (p-distance=0.001 with GenBank Accession Number CK 577410). It could be hypothesized that the isolate descended from the Italian 2011 Q1-like strain or was the result of a separate introduction from China, through commercial trade or migratory birds; but the data did not distinguish between these possibilities